CN111313146A - Ultra-wideband dipole antenna - Google Patents
Ultra-wideband dipole antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN111313146A CN111313146A CN201911316644.0A CN201911316644A CN111313146A CN 111313146 A CN111313146 A CN 111313146A CN 201911316644 A CN201911316644 A CN 201911316644A CN 111313146 A CN111313146 A CN 111313146A
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- dipole
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- dipole antenna
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
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Abstract
The application discloses ultra wide band dipole antenna, including dielectric plate, coupling minor matters structure and two dipole arms that the shape is the same, dipole arm is hollow curved surface casing to use the dielectric plate to set up as central plane symmetry, in order to regard as dipole antenna's broadband feed. The curved surface of each dipole arm comprises an ellipsoid curved surface, the ellipsoid curved surface is a part of an ellipsoid which is cut along a long axis vertical plane, the vertex of the ellipsoid is the vertex of the dipole arm, and the circular section is used as the bottom surface of the dipole arm. The coupling branch structure comprises four coupling branches which are symmetrically arranged on the periphery of the two dipole arms and used as a multiband source of the dipole antenna, wherein each coupling branch is of a broken line structure formed by bending strip-shaped metal. The ultra-wideband dipole antenna disclosed by the application is applied to a low frequency band so as to solve the technical problems that an ordinary dipole antenna is large in installation size and needs multi-segment design in use.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of multi-frequency broadband dipole antennas, in particular to an ultra-wideband dipole antenna.
Background
Dipole antennas are widely used in mobile communication devices and microwave energy collection and transmission fields due to their simple structure, low manufacturing cost and good performance. A conventional dipole antenna, consisting of two conductors, is fed at a central location, has a total length of about half a wavelength, and is the basic element of most antennas. The dipole antenna has certain improvement in gain directional diagram performance compared with a monopole antenna, can obtain satisfactory directional diagram characteristics, and has good radiation characteristics, wavelength shortening effect and resonance characteristics. By controlling the relationship among the current amplitude, the phase and the spatial position on the dipole, the dipole antenna can be widely applied to base station antennas, circularly polarized antennas and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas. As the antenna of the wireless communication eye directly affects the communication quality and efficiency, in the big data era of mass data transmission, it puts higher and higher requirements on the broadband and multi-frequency of the communication device, and therefore, the support of the adaptive broadband multi-frequency antenna is more needed. The miniaturization of the equipment is more and more strict, and the requirement on the size of the antenna is more and more strict. With the simultaneous existence of multiple communication standards or standards of modern communication systems, the requirements for antennas are also developing towards broadband multi-frequency and miniaturization. In order to realize broadband multi-frequency, a slotline and a loading parasitic element are generally adopted on an antenna. The slotline approach may introduce unwanted frequencies while achieving the introduction of multiple resonant frequencies. Although the adoption of the mode of loading the parasitic element realizes multi-frequency, the mutual coupling among all branches can be brought, and the size of the antenna is increased. Therefore, it is a urgent need in the wireless communication field to design a dipole antenna with small size, multiple frequency bands and wide band.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem that this application mainly solved is big and the narrow technical problem of frequency band of broadband dipole antenna size among the prior art.
According to a first aspect, an embodiment provides an ultra-wideband dipole antenna, including a dielectric plate, a coupling branch structure and two dipole arms with the same shape;
the two dipole arms are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the dielectric plate, and two dipole arm connecting points are symmetrically attached to two surfaces of the dielectric plate respectively and are used for electrically connecting the two dipole arms respectively;
the dipole arm is a hollow curved shell and comprises a vertex and a bottom surface; the outer surface of the dipole arm comprises an ellipsoid curved surface, the ellipsoid curved surface is a part of an ellipsoid which is cut along a vertical plane of a long axis, the vertex of the ellipsoid is used as the vertex of the dipole arm, and the circular section is used as the bottom surface of the dipole arm;
the top points of the two dipole arms are respectively connected with the connecting points of the two dipole arms on the dielectric plate and are used for taking the two dipole arms as broadband feed sources of the ultra-wideband dipole antenna;
the coupling branch structure comprises four coupling branches with the same structure and two metal rings with the same structure; the two metal rings are respectively arranged on the plane where the bottom surfaces of the two dipole arms are located and are concentric with the bottom surfaces of the dipole arms; the diameter of the inner circle of the metal ring is larger than the diameter of the bottom surface of the dipole arm; the four coupling branches are symmetrically arranged between the outer edges of the two metal rings, and two ends of each coupling branch are respectively connected with the outer edges of the two metal rings; each coupling branch comprises a broken line structure bent by strip metal and used as a multiband source of the ultra-wideband dipole antenna.
Furthermore, the coupling branch also comprises 2 branch resistors which are respectively connected in series in the middle of the coupling branch.
Further, the resistance value of the branch resistor is 10 ohms.
Further, the width of the band-shaped metal is 1 mm.
Further, the two sides of the dielectric plate are respectively provided with a microstrip balun, and the microstrip balun is connected with the dipole arm connecting point on the same side.
Further, the microstrip balun is a fan balun and/or a ladder balun.
Further, an SMA interface is arranged on the dielectric plate, connected to the microstrip balun, and used as an output interface of the ultra-wideband dipole antenna.
Further, the port resistance of both of the dipole arms is 50 ohms.
Further, the outer ring diameter of the metal ring is not less than 90 mm.
Further, the distance between the bottom surfaces of the two dipole arms is not more than 80 mm.
According to the ultra-wideband dipole antenna of the embodiment, the ultra-wideband dipole antenna comprises a dielectric plate, a coupling branch structure and two dipole arms with the same shape, wherein the dipole arms are hollow curved surface shells and are symmetrically arranged by taking the dielectric plate as a central plane to serve as a broadband feed source of the dipole antenna. The curved surface of each dipole arm comprises an ellipsoid curved surface, the ellipsoid curved surface is a part of an ellipsoid which is cut along a long axis vertical plane, the vertex of the ellipsoid is the vertex of the dipole arm, and the circular section is used as the bottom surface of the dipole arm. The coupling branch structure comprises four coupling branches which are symmetrically arranged on the periphery of the two dipole arms and used as a multiband source of the dipole antenna, wherein each coupling branch is of a broken line structure formed by bending strip-shaped metal. The ultra-wideband dipole antenna disclosed by the application is applied to a low frequency band so as to solve the technical problems that an ordinary dipole antenna is large in installation size and needs multi-segment design in use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an ultra-wideband dipole antenna according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a top view of an ultra-wideband dipole antenna in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coupling branch in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a dielectric plate according to an embodiment;
fig. 5 is a simulation and actual measurement comparison diagram of the ultra-wideband dipole antenna in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. Wherein like elements in different embodiments are numbered with like associated elements. In the following description, numerous details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that some of the features may be omitted or replaced with other elements, materials, methods in different instances. In some instances, certain operations related to the present application have not been shown or described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the core of the present application from excessive description, and it is not necessary for those skilled in the art to describe these operations in detail, so that they may be fully understood from the description in the specification and the general knowledge in the art.
Furthermore, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification may be combined in any suitable manner to form various embodiments. Also, the various steps or actions in the method descriptions may be transposed or transposed in order, as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art. Thus, the various sequences in the specification and drawings are for the purpose of describing certain embodiments only and are not intended to imply a required sequence unless otherwise indicated where such sequence must be followed.
The numbering of the components as such, e.g., "first", "second", etc., is used herein only to distinguish the objects as described, and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "connected" and "coupled" when used in this application, unless otherwise indicated, includes both direct and indirect connections (couplings).
Dipole antennas (Dipole antenna or doubls) are the first type of antenna used in radio communications, the simplest structure and the most widely used. The two ends of the conductors close to each other are respectively connected with a feeder line. When used as a transmitting antenna, electrical signals are fed into the conductor from the center of the antenna; when used as a receiving antenna, the received signal is also taken from the conductor at the center of the antenna. A conventional dipole antenna is formed by two coaxial straight wires, and the radiation field generated by the antenna at a far distance is axisymmetric and can be strictly solved theoretically. The dipole antenna is a resonant antenna and theoretical analysis shows that the current distribution within the elongated dipole antenna has the form of a standing wave having a wavelength that is exactly the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves generated or received by the antenna. Thus, when a dipole antenna is made, the length of the antenna is determined by the operating wavelength. The most common dipole antenna is a half-wave antenna, whose total length is approximately half the operating wavelength. In addition to half-wave antennas formed by straight wires, other types of dipole antennas are sometimes used, such as full-wave antennas, short antennas, and more complex-shaped cage antennas, batwing antennas, etc. formed by straight wires. Generally, a dipole antenna has a narrow bandwidth, and to receive a broadband radio signal, a common method is to design multiple dipoles in a frequency division band to satisfy different frequency bands, and then combine the dipoles to cover a wide frequency range. As a result, the antenna has a complicated structure and a large installation size, which limits the application of the antenna.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of an ultra-wideband dipole antenna in an embodiment includes a dielectric plate 2, a coupling branch structure 3, and two dipole arms 1 with the same shape. The two dipole arms 1 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the dielectric plate 2, and two dipole arm connection points are symmetrically attached to two sides of the dielectric plate 2 respectively and are used for electrically connecting the two dipole arms 1 respectively. The dipole arm 1 is a hollow curved shell and comprises a vertex and a bottom surface, the outer surface of the dipole arm 1 comprises an ellipsoid curved surface, the ellipsoid curved surface is a part of an ellipsoid which is cut along a long axis vertical plane, the vertex of the ellipsoid serves as the vertex of the dipole arm 1, and the circular section serves as the bottom surface of the dipole arm 1. The vertexes of the two dipole arms 1 are respectively connected with the connecting points of the two dipole arms on the dielectric plate, and the two dipole arms are used as broadband feed sources of the ultra-wideband dipole antenna. In one embodiment, the distance between the bottom surfaces of the two dipole arms is not greater than 80 mm. The coupling stub structure 3 includes four coupling stubs 31 having the same structure and two metal rings 33 having the same structure.
Referring to fig. 2, which is a top view of an ultra-wideband dipole antenna according to an embodiment, two metal rings 33 are respectively disposed on a plane where bottom surfaces of two dipole arms 1 are located, and are concentric with the bottom surfaces of the dipole arms 1. The diameter of the inner circle of the metal ring 33 is larger than the diameter of the bottom surface of the dipole arm 1. In one embodiment, the diameter of the outer edge of the ring-shaped metal 33 is 90 mm, the diameter of the inner edge is 80 mm, the diameter of the bottom circle of the dipole arm 1 is 56 mm, and the distance between the outer edge of the bottom of the dipole arm 1 and the inner edge of the metal ring 33 is 12 mm. In one embodiment, the outer ring diameter of the metal ring is not less than 90 mm. The four coupling branches 31 are symmetrically arranged between the outer edges of the two metal rings 33, and two ends of each coupling branch 31 are respectively connected with the outer edges of the two metal rings 33.
Referring to fig. 3, which is a schematic diagram of a structure of coupling branches in an embodiment, each coupling branch 31 includes a polygonal line structure bent by a strip metal, and is used as a multiband source of an ultra-wideband dipole antenna. In one embodiment, the strip metal has a width of 1 mm, the fold line height of 8 mm and the fold line width of 12 mm. In one embodiment, the coupling branch 31 further includes 2 branch resistors 32, which are respectively connected in series to the middle of the coupling branch 31. In one embodiment, the resistance of the stub resistor is 10 ohms.
Referring to fig. 4, a schematic structural diagram of a dielectric plate according to an embodiment is shown, where fig. 4(a) is a schematic side view of the dielectric plate 2, and fig. 4(b) is a schematic side view of the dielectric plate 2. The two sides of the dielectric plate 2 are respectively provided with dipole arm connection points 21 for contacting and connecting with the vertexes of the dipole arms 1. In one embodiment, the two sides of the dielectric plate are respectively provided with a microstrip balun 22, and the microstrip balun is electrically connected with the dipole arm connection point 21 on the same side. In one embodiment, the microstrip balun 22 is a sector balun and/or a trapezoidal balun. In an embodiment, the dielectric plate 2 is provided with an SMA interface 23, connected to the microstrip balun 22, and configured to serve as an output interface of the ultra-wideband dipole antenna. In one embodiment, the thickness of the dielectric plate 2 is 6 mm, i.e., the distance between the apexes of the two dipole arms 1 is 6 mm. In one embodiment, the port resistance of the two dipole arms 1 is 50 ohms.
The ultra-wideband dipole antenna disclosed by the application consists of a broadband feed body, two metal rings, a fold line connecting the top metal ring to the bottom metal ring and eight resistors. The port impedance of the dipole is 50 omega, the SMA interface is used as an output interface of the ultra-wideband dipole antenna, the SMA interface and the dipole are connected by adopting a PCB micro-strip balun, and the broadband feed body is composed of an elliptic inverted cone. The ultra-wideband dipole antenna in the embodiment of the application is applied to high frequency bands, and the ellipsoidal curved surface is used as a broadband feeding strategy for feeding, so that a pair of dipole antennas can meet a wider frequency range, the problem caused by the use of a common dipole antenna is solved, and the application requirements of various occasions are met. Compared with the common dipole antenna in the prior art, the maximum size is only 80 mm, the dipole antenna is applied to a high frequency band, and the working frequency range is 0.5-6 GHz.
Please refer to fig. 5, which is a comparison graph of the simulation and actual measurement of the ultra-wideband dipole antenna in an embodiment, fig. 5(a) is a comparison graph of the simulation and actual measurement results of VSWR, the abscissa is the repetition rate, the unit is GHz, the simulation result is in the range of 0.5-6GHz, the VSWR is better than 2.8:1, the actual measurement result is in the range of 0.5-6GHz, and the VSWR is 3: 1. The dipole diameter is 0.15 lambda fmin, and the height is 0.13 lambda fmin. Where λ fmin is the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency signal in free space. FIG. 5(b) shows the results of the gain simulation, with gain on the ordinate in dBi, repetition rate on the abscissa in GHz, and CST MicrowaveStudio as the simulation tool.
The present application has been described with reference to specific examples, which are provided only to aid understanding of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For a person skilled in the art to which the application pertains, several simple deductions, modifications or substitutions may be made according to the idea of the application.
Claims (10)
1. An ultra-wideband dipole antenna is characterized by comprising a dielectric plate, a coupling branch structure and two dipole arms with the same shape;
the two dipole arms are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the dielectric plate, and two dipole arm connecting points are symmetrically attached to two surfaces of the dielectric plate respectively and are used for electrically connecting the two dipole arms respectively;
the dipole arm is a hollow curved shell and comprises a vertex and a bottom surface; the outer surface of the dipole arm comprises an ellipsoid curved surface, the ellipsoid curved surface is a part of an ellipsoid which is cut along a vertical plane of a long axis, the vertex of the ellipsoid is used as the vertex of the dipole arm, and the circular section is used as the bottom surface of the dipole arm;
the top points of the two dipole arms are respectively connected with the connecting points of the two dipole arms on the dielectric plate and are used for taking the two dipole arms as broadband feed sources of the ultra-wideband dipole antenna;
the coupling branch structure comprises four coupling branches with the same structure and two metal rings with the same structure; the two metal rings are respectively arranged on the plane where the bottom surfaces of the two dipole arms are located and are concentric with the bottom surfaces of the dipole arms; the diameter of the inner circle of the metal ring is larger than the diameter of the bottom surface of the dipole arm; the four coupling branches are symmetrically arranged between the outer edges of the two metal rings, and two ends of each coupling branch are respectively connected with the outer edges of the two metal rings; each coupling branch comprises a broken line structure bent by strip metal and used as a multiband source of the ultra-wideband dipole antenna.
2. The ultra-wideband dipole antenna of claim 1 wherein said coupling stub further comprises 2 stub resistors, each connected in series in the middle of said coupling stub.
3. The ultra-wideband dipole antenna of claim 2 wherein said stub resistor has a resistance of 10 ohms.
4. The ultra-wideband dipole antenna of claim 2 wherein said strip metal has a width of 1 millimeter.
5. The ultra-wideband dipole antenna of claim 1 wherein said dielectric plate is provided with microstrip baluns on each of its two sides, said microstrip baluns being connected to said dipole arm connection points on the same side.
6. The ultra-wideband dipole antenna of claim 5 wherein said microstrip balun is a sector balun and/or a trapezoidal balun.
7. The ultra-wideband dipole antenna of claim 5, wherein said dielectric plate is provided with an SMA interface connected to said microstrip balun for serving as an output interface of said ultra-wideband dipole antenna.
8. The ultra-wideband dipole antenna of claim 1 wherein the two dipole arms have a port resistance of 50 ohms.
9. The ultra-wideband dipole antenna of claim 1 wherein said metal loop has an outer loop diameter of no less than 90 mm.
10. The ultra-wideband dipole antenna of claim 1 wherein the distance between the bottom surfaces of said dipole arms is no greater than 80 mm.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911296419 | 2019-12-16 | ||
| CN2019112964195 | 2019-12-16 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111313146A true CN111313146A (en) | 2020-06-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201911316644.0A Pending CN111313146A (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-19 | Ultra-wideband dipole antenna |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107611593A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2018-01-19 | 佛山市顺德区中山大学研究院 | Multiple frequency broad band dipole antenna with coupling minor matters |
| CN109216940A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-01-15 | 西安电子科技大学 | Ultra wide band close coupling array antenna |
| CN109301469A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-02-01 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of Broadband circularly polarized antenna based on close coupling effect |
-
2019
- 2019-12-19 CN CN201911316644.0A patent/CN111313146A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107611593A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2018-01-19 | 佛山市顺德区中山大学研究院 | Multiple frequency broad band dipole antenna with coupling minor matters |
| CN109216940A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-01-15 | 西安电子科技大学 | Ultra wide band close coupling array antenna |
| CN109301469A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-02-01 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of Broadband circularly polarized antenna based on close coupling effect |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| AHMED ABDELMOTTALEB OMAR、 ZHONGXIANG SHEN: "Compact and Wideband Dipole Antennas", 《2019 IEEE-APS TOPICAL CONFERENCE ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS (APWC)》 * |
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Application publication date: 20200619 |
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