CN115712167B - Fiber core composite polarization maintaining fiber and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Fiber core composite polarization maintaining fiber and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a fiber core composite polarization maintaining fiber, including a plurality of single mode fiber cores, stress circle and gain fiber core, line midpoint department between the adjacent stress circle is equipped with single mode fiber core or gain fiber core, single mode fiber core, stress circle and gain fiber core outside parcel cladding is equipped with the mark district in the cladding, has solved traditional multicore fiber function singleness, can't realize the problem of functions such as polarization maintenance and light gain amplification simultaneously.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical communication transmission, in particular to a fiber core composite polarization maintaining fiber and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
At present, the transmission capacity of the traditional single-mode fiber communication system reaches 100TB/s in the next 10 years, so that the single-mode fiber is rapidly close to the capacity limit specified by Shannon information theory and fiber nonlinear effect, and therefore, research on a super-large-capacity high-speed fiber transmission solution is needed. Multi-core fibers (MCF) have been developed in which multiple spatial paths can be introduced into a single Fiber from the perspective of a space division multiplexed Fiber, i.e., multiple independent cores are combined into one Fiber, and a cladding contains multiple cores, with the transmission capacity of the Fiber increasing exponentially with the number of cores. The MCF also has good application prospect in the field of optical fiber sensing. Such as optical fiber three-dimensional shape sensing, stress sensing, etc.
Currently, multicore fibers are classified by core type into single mode cores with only single modes or polarization maintaining types. Each fiber core is single in type, the same multi-core fiber is single in function, and the functions of polarization maintaining and optical gain amplifying cannot be achieved simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fiber core composite polarization-maintaining fiber and a manufacturing method thereof, which solve the problem that the traditional multi-core fiber has single function and can not realize functions of polarization maintaining, optical gain amplifying and the like at the same time.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a fiber core composite polarization maintaining fiber comprises a plurality of single-mode fiber cores, stress circles and gain fiber cores, wherein the single-mode fiber cores or the gain fiber cores are arranged at the midpoints of connecting lines between adjacent stress circles, cladding layers are wrapped on the outer sides of the single-mode fiber cores, the stress circles and the gain fiber cores, and a marking area is arranged in each cladding layer.
In the preferred scheme, the section of the cladding is circular, a stress circle is arranged at the center of the cladding, and the rest stress circles are circumferentially arranged at the outer side of the stress circle at the center.
In the preferred scheme, a unit area is formed by a single-mode fiber core, a stress circle, a gain fiber core and a cladding layer, a central unit area is arranged in the center of the cladding layer, a plurality of peripheral unit areas are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the central unit area along the circumferential direction, a space is arranged between the central unit area and the peripheral unit areas, and a space is arranged between adjacent peripheral unit areas.
In the preferred scheme, the number of the stress circles on the outer side is more than three and less than six, the distances from each gain fiber core to the stress circle at the center are equal, the distances from each single-mode fiber core to the stress circle at the center are equal, and the distances from each gain fiber core to the stress circle at the center are different from the distances from each single-mode fiber core to the stress circle at the center.
In a preferred embodiment, the plurality of peripheral cell regions are arranged in a hexagonal shape.
In the preferred scheme, the stress circle composition material is Ge, P, F, B co-doped quartz glass, wherein the mole percent of Ge is 1-18, the mole percent of P is 2-13, the mole percent of F is 2-22 and the mole percent of B is 8-30.
In the preferred scheme, the gain fiber core is made of Ge, P, F and rare earth element co-doped quartz glass, wherein the Ge accounts for 1-25 mol percent, the P accounts for 1-25 mol percent, the F accounts for 1-20 mol percent, and the rare earth element accounts for 1-20 mol percent.
The single-mode fiber core is made of Ge, P and F co-doped quartz glass, wherein the Ge accounts for 1-25 mol percent, the P accounts for 1-25 mol percent and the F accounts for 1-20 mol percent.
The diameter of the stress circle is 5-30 mu m, the diameter of the single-mode fiber core is 2-30 mu m, the diameter of the gain fiber core is 2-30 mu m, and the diameter of the cladding is 60-500 mu m.
In a preferred embodiment, the cladding material is undoped low-hydroxyl pure quartz glass.
Comprising a method of manufacture, which comprises the steps of,
manufacturing a multi-core optical fiber mother rod with multi-type fiber cores;
deep drilling is carried out on the mother rod, so that a multi-core fiber perforating rod with multiple fiber cores is manufactured;
using an in-tube vapor deposition method to manufacture a round single-mode core rod;
using a vapor deposition method in a pipe to manufacture a circular gain core rod;
using an in-tube vapor deposition method to manufacture a circular stress rod;
the stress rod and the core rod are processed into specifications matched with the punching rod through a grinding rod, the grinding stress rod and the grinding core rod after the grinding rod are inserted into the multi-core optical fiber punching rod with the multi-type fiber cores to be assembled into a set of multi-core optical fiber preform with the multi-type fiber cores, and the multi-core optical fiber with the multi-type fiber cores is manufactured through drawing.
In the preferred scheme, the specific process for manufacturing the master rod comprises the steps of respectively depositing the cladding layers by using an external spray deposition method, and then dehydrating, sintering and shrinking to form the master rod.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: 1. the fiber cores are adopted and combined with the stress areas of the panda structure, each fiber core is positioned at the center of the two stress areas, so that the expansion of transmission capacity is realized, the stability of polarization states in the light wave transmission process is ensured, and meanwhile, the cost advantage of manufacturing the optical fiber is improved due to the structure that the fiber cores share the stress areas;
2. the multi-core optical fiber with multiple fiber cores marked by adopting the triangle structure clearly distinguishes the core layer and the stress layer, thereby being convenient for the position calibration of the fiber cores.
3. The cladding is respectively deposited by adopting an external spray deposition method, so that the stress defect of a deposition interface is eliminated, the homogeneity of the whole material of the optical fiber is enhanced, and the stress birefringence stability is improved;
4. the outer cladding layer is made of undoped low-hydroxyl pure quartz glass material, so that the resistance to external asymmetric thermal stress is improved, and meanwhile, the fluctuation of polarization crosstalk performance of the polarization maintaining optical fiber caused by external hydroxyl water diffusion is prevented;
5. the multi-unit-area independent distributed structure is adopted, so that the multi-unit-area independent distributed structure has irregular distribution as a whole, the reduction of the polarization maintaining performance of the fiber cores in the middle area is avoided, certain regularity exists locally, and the manufacturing simplicity is ensured;
6. each cell region includes a single mode core, a stress circle, and a gain core, and the gaps between the cell regions facilitate coupling with other core composite polarization maintaining fibers.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three stress circular cell region according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a four stress round cell region according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a five stress round cell region according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cell area pair-by-pair symmetrical stress circle arrangement.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a two-by-two symmetrical stress circle arrangement of cell regions.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a cell region with oversubstance circles.
Fig. 7 is a cell layout diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a cell layout diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a cell layout diagram three of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a multi-core coupling connection of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a conventional multi-core coupling connection region division.
In the figure: a central unit area 1; a single-mode core 101; stress circles 102; a gain core 103; a cladding 104; a marking area 105; a peripheral cell region 2; a first multi-core optical fiber 3; a second multi-core optical fiber 4; and a coupling connector 5.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-12, a fiber core composite polarization maintaining fiber comprises a plurality of single-mode fiber cores 101, stress circles 102 and gain fiber cores 103, wherein the single-mode fiber cores 101 or the gain fiber cores 103 are arranged at the midpoints of connecting lines between adjacent stress circles 102, the outer sides of the single-mode fiber cores 101, the stress circles 102 and the gain fiber cores 103 are wrapped with cladding 104, and a marking area 105 is arranged in the cladding 104.
The diameters of the single-mode fiber core 101 and the gain fiber core 103 can be the same or different, the single-mode fiber core 101 and the gain fiber core 103 are distributed regularly, and the diameters of the single-mode fiber core 101 and the gain fiber core 103 are equal or equivalent.
Since the single-mode fiber core 101 and the gain fiber core 103 are similar in appearance, especially when the diameters of the single-mode fiber core 101 and the gain fiber core 103 are the same, the single-mode fiber core 101 and the gain fiber core 103 are more difficult to distinguish, and the single-mode fiber core and the gain fiber core 103 are difficult to be in one-to-one correspondence in coupling connection, therefore, a marking area 105 needs to be arranged, the marking area 105 is an equilateral or isosceles triangle and is arranged at a specific position of the cladding 104, a certain distance is reserved between the marking area and each fiber core, a certain indication effect is achieved, and when a plurality of multi-core fibers are coupled and connected, only the end faces are concentric and the alignment marking area indicates that each fiber core is concentrically aligned.
Only one core exists at the same time at the midpoint of the connection between two adjacent gain cores 103, either the single-mode core 101 or the gain core 103.
In a preferred embodiment, the cross section of the cladding 104 is circular, the center of the cladding 104 is provided with a stress circle 102, and the outer side of the stress circle 102 in the center is circumferentially provided with the rest of the stress circles 102.
Because the optical fiber preform is easy to manufacture and is in a round bar shape, compared with matrix distribution, the round distribution is more in a composite optical fiber section shape, and the space utilization rate is higher.
In order to facilitate production and simplify the butt joint difficulty, the distribution of fiber cores cannot be completely disordered, and generally needs to be in matrix or annular regular distribution, so that the positions of the fiber cores are conveniently determined, when the number of fiber cores of the multi-core optical fiber with polarization maintaining characteristics is increased, the situation that stress circles exist in four directions can occur in the middle of the fiber cores, and for the fiber cores, the stress circles 102 need to be arranged on two sides of the fiber cores in a straight line mode in principle, namely, in principle, the two sides of one fiber core are stress circles, and the other two sides are not applied, if the four directions are all symmetrical, namely, the polarity is not obvious, and the polarization maintaining capability is weakened.
In addition, when the cores of the multicore fibers are coupled, a plurality of multicore fibers having a large number of cores may be simultaneously coupled to a plurality of multicore fibers having a small number of cores. For the conventional multi-core optical fiber, since the optical fiber type is single, only the simple division is needed according to the position, but for the multi-core optical fiber with multiple types of fiber cores, the divided optical fiber needs to be ensured to have the conventional fiber core and the gain fiber core and also has polarization maintaining performance, and even if the divided optical fiber is divided, the adjacent fiber cores can be left unused, as in fig. 11, when the first multi-core optical fiber 3 and the second multi-core optical fiber 4 are coupled and connected through the coupling connector 5, the conventional division mode is as in fig. 12.
Therefore, in a preferred scheme, the single-mode fiber core 101, the stress circle 102, the gain fiber core 103 and the cladding 104 form a unit region, the center of the cladding 104 is provided with a central unit region 1, the outer side of the central unit region 1 is uniformly provided with a plurality of peripheral unit regions 2 along the circumferential direction, a space is arranged between the central unit region 1 and the peripheral unit regions 2, and a space is arranged between adjacent peripheral unit regions 2.
The plurality of peripheral unit areas 2 are annularly arranged, the peripheral unit areas 2 can be annularly arranged on the outer side of the peripheral unit areas, and the number of fiber cores can be continuously expanded according to the requirement.
The marker region 105 need not be disposed outside the cell region and may be aligned directly with one of the cores when aligned.
The unit areas 1 are virtual areas, no physical boundary exists, the unit areas 1 are distributed regularly, and a single-mode fiber core 101, a stress circle 102 and a gain fiber core 103 are not arranged between the adjacent unit areas 1. And because a certain interval exists between the adjacent unit areas 1, the situation that the four-direction stress circles are symmetrical to each other cannot occur to any fiber core, so that the polarization maintaining characteristics of the fiber cores are ensured while the distribution of the fiber cores is regular.
The virtual areas do not interfere with each other, the areas are integrated automatically, and when the multi-core optical fibers are coupled and connected, the requirements of multiple types of fiber cores can be met, and the fiber core waste cannot be caused.
The virtual boundaries of the central unit region 1 and the peripheral unit region 2 are circular, or the single-mode fiber core 101, the stress circle 102 and the gain fiber core 103 in the same region are fitted in a minimum circle, the arrangement angles of the central unit region 1 and the peripheral unit region 2 along the circular centers of the central unit region 1 and the peripheral unit region 2 can be set according to the situation, and the central unit region 1 and the peripheral unit region 2 can spin for a certain angle to reduce the occurrence of the situation of two-two symmetry of four stress circles.
In a preferred embodiment, the number of stress circles 102 on the outer side is greater than three and less than six, the distances from each gain core 103 to the stress circle 102 at the center are equal, the distances from each single-mode core 101 to the stress circle 102 at the center are equal, and the distances from each gain core 103 to the stress circle 102 at the center are different from the distances from each single-mode core 101 to the stress circle 102 at the center.
The number of stress circles 102 is greater than three, so that the fiber cores are distributed in a ring shape with different diameters, and the conventional fiber cores and the gain fiber cores can be positioned on rings with different diameters, so that the distribution is more regular, and the subsequent coupling connection or use is facilitated.
Because of the limited diameter of the fiber cross-section circles, when the number of stress circles 102 is too large, the spacing between the peripheral stress circles 102 decreases, and it is difficult to arrange the cores, resulting in a decrease in the core space ratio.
In a preferred embodiment, the plurality of peripheral unit regions 2 are arranged in a hexagonal shape.
On the premise that the arrangement of the unit areas ensures the polarization maintaining performance, the plurality of peripheral unit areas 2 are arranged on the periphery of the central unit area 1 in a hexagonal shape, the triangular area between two adjacent peripheral unit areas 2 and the central unit area 1 can be smaller, and the space utilization rate is higher under the condition that the total volume of the optical fiber is limited.
Example 2:
the manufacturing method of the fiber core composite polarization maintaining fiber comprises the following steps:
manufacturing a multi-core optical fiber mother rod with multi-type fiber cores;
deep drilling is carried out on the mother rod, so that a multi-core fiber perforating rod with multiple fiber cores is manufactured;
using an in-tube vapor deposition method to manufacture a round single-mode core rod;
using a vapor deposition method in a pipe to manufacture a circular gain core rod;
using an in-tube vapor deposition method to manufacture a circular stress rod;
the stress rod and the core rod are processed into specifications matched with the punching rod through a grinding rod, the grinding stress rod and the grinding core rod after the grinding rod are inserted into the multi-core optical fiber punching rod with the multi-type fiber cores to be assembled into a set of multi-core optical fiber preform with the multi-type fiber cores, and the multi-core optical fiber with the multi-type fiber cores is manufactured through drawing.
In the preferred scheme, the specific process for manufacturing the master rod comprises the steps of respectively depositing the cladding layers by using an external spray deposition method, and then dehydrating, sintering and shrinking to form the master rod.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 2, the stress layer includes 4 identical stress circles 102 with a diameter D1 of 30 μm and a composition of Ge, P, F, B co-doped silica glass, wherein Ge is 3 mol%, P is 6 mol%, F is 2 mol%, and B is 21 mol%.
The core layer comprises 4 identical single-mode fiber cores 101, the diameter D2 is 8 mu m, the single-mode fiber cores are respectively positioned at the middle point of the connecting line of two adjacent stress circles 102, the composite materials are Ge, P and F co-doped quartz glass, wherein the Ge accounts for 13 mole percent, the P accounts for 5 mole percent and the F accounts for 4 mole percent.
The gain layer comprises 4 identical gain fiber cores 103, the diameter D3 is 8 mu m, and the composite material is Ge, P and F co-doped quartz glass, wherein the Ge accounts for 13 mole percent, the P accounts for 5 mole percent, the F accounts for 4 mole percent and the rare earth element accounts for 6 mole percent.
The diameter D4 of the cladding 104 was 125 μm, and the constituent material was undoped low-hydroxyl pure quartz glass.
The marking region 105 is an equilateral triangle with a side length L of 8 μm and is located at the center of the cladding 103 region, and the constituent material is undoped low-hydroxyl pure quartz glass.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims, including the equivalents of the technical features in the claims. I.e., equivalent replacement modifications within the scope of this invention are also within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A fiber core composite polarization maintaining fiber is characterized in that: the fiber comprises a plurality of single-mode fiber cores (101), stress circles (102) and gain fiber cores (103), wherein the single-mode fiber cores (101) or the gain fiber cores (103) are arranged at the midpoints of connecting lines between adjacent stress circles (102), the single-mode fiber cores (101), the stress circles (102) and the gain fiber cores (103) are wrapped with a cladding layer (104), and a marking area (105) is arranged in the cladding layer (104);
the section of the cladding (104) is circular, a stress circle (102) is arranged at the center of the cladding (104), and the rest stress circles (102) are circumferentially arranged outside the stress circle (102) at the center;
the single-mode fiber core (101), the stress circle (102), the gain fiber core (103) and the cladding (104) form a unit area, the center of the cladding (104) is provided with a central unit area (1), the outer side of the central unit area (1) is uniformly provided with a plurality of peripheral unit areas (2) along the circumferential direction, a space is arranged between the central unit area (1) and the peripheral unit areas (2), and a space is arranged between adjacent peripheral unit areas (2);
the number of stress circles (102) on the outer side in each unit area is more than three and less than six, the distances from each gain fiber core (103) in each unit area to the stress circle (102) at the center are equal, the distances from each single-mode fiber core (101) in each unit area to the stress circle (102) at the center are equal, and the distances from each gain fiber core (103) in each unit area to the stress circle (102) at the center are different from the distances from each single-mode fiber core (101) to the stress circle (102) at the center.
2. The core-cladding polarization-maintaining fiber of claim 1, wherein: the plurality of peripheral cell areas (2) are arranged in a hexagonal shape.
3. The core-cladding polarization-maintaining fiber of claim 1, wherein: the stress circle is made of Ge, P, F, B co-doped quartz glass, wherein the mole percentage of Ge is 1-18, the mole percentage of P is 2-13, the mole percentage of F is 2-22, and the mole percentage of B is 8-30.
4. The core-cladding polarization-maintaining fiber of claim 1, wherein: the gain fiber core is made of Ge, P, F and rare earth element co-doped quartz glass, wherein the Ge accounts for 1-25 mol percent, the P accounts for 1-25 mol percent, the F accounts for 1-20 mol percent and the rare earth element accounts for 1-20 mol percent.
5. The core-cladding polarization-maintaining fiber of claim 1, wherein: the cladding (104) material is undoped low-hydroxyl pure quartz glass.
6. The method for manufacturing a core-spun composite polarization maintaining fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that:
s1, manufacturing a multi-core optical fiber mother rod with multi-type fiber cores;
s2, deep drilling is carried out on the mother rod, and a multi-core fiber perforating rod with multi-type fiber cores is manufactured;
s3, manufacturing a round single-mode core rod by using an in-pipe vapor deposition method;
s4, manufacturing a circular gain core rod by using an in-tube vapor deposition method;
s5, manufacturing a circular stress rod by using an in-tube vapor deposition method;
s6, machining the stress rod and the core rod into specifications matched with the punching rod through a grinding rod, inserting the grinding stress rod and the grinding core rod after grinding into the multi-core optical fiber punching rod with the multi-type fiber cores, assembling a set of multi-core optical fiber preform with the multi-type fiber cores, and drawing to obtain the multi-core optical fiber with the multi-type fiber cores.
7. The method for manufacturing a core-spun composite polarization maintaining fiber according to claim 6, wherein: s1, the specific process of manufacturing the mother rod comprises the steps of respectively depositing cladding layers by using an external spray deposition method, and then dehydrating, sintering and shrinking to form the mother rod.
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| CN103988105A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2014-08-13 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | Junction structure for multicore optical fiber and method for manufacturing junction structure for multicore optical fiber |
| WO2014132793A1 (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2014-09-04 | 株式会社フジクラ | Multi-core fiber |
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| JPH0545527A (en) * | 1991-08-15 | 1993-02-23 | Fujikura Ltd | Image fiber |
| JP2003227956A (en) * | 2002-02-06 | 2003-08-15 | Fujikura Ltd | Polarization maintaining optical fiber |
| CN102096145B (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-11-07 | 北京交通大学 | Multi-core polarization maintaining fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP6692128B2 (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2020-05-13 | 株式会社フジクラ | Multi-core polarization maintaining fiber |
| CN113075763B (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2022-07-15 | 武汉长盈通光电技术股份有限公司 | Multicore panda structure polarization maintaining optical fiber and coupling connection device thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103988105A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2014-08-13 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | Junction structure for multicore optical fiber and method for manufacturing junction structure for multicore optical fiber |
| WO2014132793A1 (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2014-09-04 | 株式会社フジクラ | Multi-core fiber |
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