CN115709994A - Method for preparing graphitized carbon by using corn straw liquefaction method - Google Patents
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Images
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of graphitized carbon preparation, and discloses a method for preparing graphitized carbon by a corn straw liquefaction method, which comprises the following steps: a. selecting ingredients: (1) raw materials: corn straw powder; the method for preparing graphitized carbon by using the corn straw liquefaction method is characterized in that a liquefaction-carbonization-graphitization combined technology is utilized for innovation, the dosage ratio of corn straw powder to a reaction liquefier is 1; under the condition, compared with the direct graphitization of the corn straws, the graphite composite material shows better graphitization degree, a micro lamellar structure and smaller defects. Therefore, a mechanism of the process of preparing graphitized carbon by the corn straws is provided, and a feasible way is provided for preparing and utilizing high-quality materials from the corn straws.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of graphitized carbon, in particular to a method for preparing graphitized carbon by a corn straw liquefaction method.
Background
The corn straw is used as a renewable biomass resource, is widely distributed in nature, and is quite sufficient. The main components of the corn straw are cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, which are energy substances utilized by human beings from a long time, and how to reasonably treat straw crops is one of the hot spots to be solved in the environmental problem. The graphite material prepared by taking the corn straws as the raw material realizes high-value utilization of the corn straws to a certain extent.
At present, the maize straw liquefaction technology mainly comprises microwave chemical liquefaction, catalytic night liquefaction, hydrothermal liquefaction, fast pyrolysis liquefaction, enzymatic hydrolysis fermentation liquefaction and supercritical/near-critical technology. There are many studies on direct products such as bio-oil, ethanol, resin, polyurethane, etc. obtained by processing corn stalks using various liquefaction technologies, but the liquefaction technologies seem to face a barrier. On one hand, some liquefaction reactions need to add a catalyst to promote the reaction, more favorable factors are obtained by improving the liquefaction rate to prepare corresponding products, and strong acid and strong base such as concentrated sulfuric acid are used as the catalyst, so that the influence of strong corrosivity of reagents on aspects such as experimental operation, waste liquid treatment and environment cannot be avoided. On the other hand, when a relatively mild catalyst is added into the reaction system, the liquefaction effect is reduced or even greatly reduced compared with the former. Therefore, how to balance the two differentiation conditions is to prepare a product with higher quality and high performance by using milder conditions and reagents through perfecting experimental conditions and technical means, and the method becomes a research direction for long-term investigation and search in the future.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for preparing graphitized carbon by a corn straw liquefaction method, and solves the problems in the background art.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for preparing graphitized carbon by a corn straw liquefaction method comprises the following steps:
a. selecting ingredients:
(1) Raw materials: corn stalk powder.
(2) Reagent: polyethylene glycol, glycerol, hydroxyethylidene diphosphate, iron acetylacetonate, ferrocene, ferric citrate, ferric oxalate, absolute ethyl alcohol and hydrochloric acid.
b. Liquefying corn stalks: weighing 10.0g of corn straw powder, putting the corn straw powder into a high-pressure reaction kettle, adding polyalcohol which is compounded by polyethylene glycol and glycerol according to the mass ratio of 7 to 3 into the high-pressure reaction kettle to serve as a liquefying agent, and adding 0.3g of hydroxy ethylidene diphosphonic acid to serve as a catalyst; screwing down the reaction kettle, putting the reaction kettle into a preheated vacuum drying oven for liquefaction reaction, keeping the constant temperature for 5.0 hours after the reaction temperature is 140 ℃, and cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature after the experimental reaction is finished.
c. And (3) measuring the liquefaction rate:
(1) Separating the unreacted part of the corn straw powder from the reaction system by using a filtering method to obtain 4 groups of liquefied products with different solid-liquid ratios.
(2) Respectively placing 4 groups of corn straw liquefaction products with different solid-liquid ratios in a Buchner funnel connected with a vacuum pump, washing the liquefaction products with distilled water until filtrate is colorless, placing the obtained suction filtration residue in a constant-temperature air-blast drying oven at 105 ℃ to dry to constant weight, wherein the liquefaction yield calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, Y1 is the liquefaction yield (%);
m0 is the mass (g) of the straw used in the liquefaction process;
m1 represents the mass (g) of the liquefied residue.
d. Preparing graphite carbon from the liquefied product:
(1) And (3) carbonizing the liquefied product: weighing a certain mass of the liquefied mixed product of the corn straws, placing the liquefied mixed product of the corn straws into a corundum crucible, pushing the corundum crucible to the middle section of the tubular furnace, and connecting the corundum crucible with the two ends of the sealed tubular furnace; setting the temperature of the carbonization reaction to be 400-600 ℃, setting the heating rate to be 5 ℃/min, and keeping the constant temperature for 1.0h after the reaction temperature reaches the set temperature. And after the reaction is finished and the temperature is reduced to the room temperature, taking out the crucible, soaking the calcined product in 20wt% of absolute ethyl alcohol, grinding, performing suction filtration, and finally drying at 80 ℃ for 12.0h to obtain the liquefied product carbon of the corn straws.
(2) And (3) calculating the carbonization yield:
y2-carbonization yield (%);
m 3-carbonized product mass (g).
(3) Graphitizing a carbonized product: weighing 1.0g of carbonized product, respectively mixing with four different iron-based graphitization catalysts of iron acetylacetonate, ferrocene, ferric oxalate and ferric citrate with observed concentrations, raising the reaction temperature to 400 ℃ according to the step (1), and keeping for 1.0h; and continuously heating to a temperature for investigation, wherein the heating rate is 2 ℃/min, keeping for 1.0h, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, taking out the crucible, taking out the calcined product, grinding, soaking in a hydrochloric acid solution, removing iron by ultrasound for 1.0h, performing suction filtration, and finally drying at 80 ℃ for 12.0h to obtain the graphitized carbon of the maize straw liquefied product.
Preferably, the standards of ferric acetylacetonate, ferrocene, ferric citrate, ferric oxalate, absolute ethyl alcohol and hydrochloric acid in step a are all analytical grade.
Preferably, after the crucible is pushed to the middle section of the tube furnace and then the two ends of the tube furnace are connected and sealed in the step d, nitrogen is introduced for 0.5 hour to ensure an inert gas environment for reaction.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method for preparing graphitized carbon by using the corn straw liquefaction method is characterized in that a liquefaction-carbonization-graphitization combined technology is utilized for innovation, the dosage ratio of corn straw powder to a reaction liquefier is 1; under the condition, compared with the direct graphitization of the corn straws, the graphite composite material shows better graphitization degree, a micro lamellar structure and smaller defects. Therefore, a mechanism of the process of preparing graphitized carbon by the corn straws is provided, and a feasible way is provided for preparing and utilizing high-quality materials from the corn straws.
2. The method for preparing graphitized carbon by using the corn straw liquefaction method utilizes the combination technical innovation to prepare the graphite carbon material from the cheap woody biomass raw material corn straw, and provides a basic material for stripping high-quality graphene.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the process for catalytic graphitization;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state in which a liquefied product is carbonized and not completely carbonized;
FIG. 3 is a view showing a state in which a liquefied product is carbonized and fully carbonized;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the influence of solid-liquid ratio on the liquefaction rate and the carbonization yield;
FIG. 5 is a Raman spectrum of corn stalk based graphitized carbon prepared with different solid-to-liquid ratios;
FIG. 6 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of corn stover-based graphitized carbon prepared with different solid-to-liquid ratios;
FIG. 7 is a Raman spectrum of corn stalk-based graphitized carbon prepared with different catalyst dosages;
FIG. 8 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of corn stover-based graphitized carbon prepared with different catalyst dosages;
FIG. 9 is a Raman spectrum of corn stalk-based graphitized carbon prepared at different graphitization temperatures;
FIG. 10 is an SEM image of corn stover feedstock;
FIG. 11 is an SEM image of direct preparation of graphitized carbon from corn stover;
fig. 12 is an SEM image of annealed, cooled iron coated graphitized carbon before iron removal;
FIG. 13 is an SEM image of acid-washed graphitized carbon at different magnifications;
FIG. 14 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of a corn stover feedstock;
FIG. 15 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of corn stover-based graphitized carbon;
FIG. 16 is a Raman spectrum of corn stalks carbonized and graphitized directly at different temperatures;
FIG. 17 is a Raman spectrum of corn stalk based graphitized carbon;
FIG. 18 is an infrared spectrum of corn stover;
FIG. 19 is an infrared spectrum of corn stalk-based graphitized carbon.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the objects, structures, features, and functions of the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail.
A method for preparing graphitized carbon by a corn straw liquefaction method comprises the following steps:
a. selecting ingredients:
(1) Raw materials: corn straw powder.
(2) Reagent: polyethylene glycol, glycerol, hydroxyethylidene diphosphate, iron acetylacetonate, ferrocene, ferric citrate, ferric oxalate, absolute ethyl alcohol and hydrochloric acid.
b. Liquefying corn stalks: weighing 10.0g of corn straw powder, putting the corn straw powder into a high-pressure reaction kettle, adding polyalcohol which is compounded by polyethylene glycol and glycerol according to the mass ratio of 7 to 3 into the high-pressure reaction kettle to serve as a liquefying agent, and adding 0.3g of hydroxy ethylidene diphosphonic acid to serve as a catalyst; screwing down the reaction kettle, putting the reaction kettle into a preheated vacuum drying box for carrying out liquefaction reaction, keeping the reaction temperature at 140 ℃ for 5.0h at constant temperature after the reaction temperature reaches a preset temperature, and cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature after the experimental reaction is finished.
c. And (3) measuring the liquefaction rate:
(1) Separating the unreacted part of the corn straw powder from the reaction system by using a filtering method, and separating 4 groups of liquefied products with different solid-liquid ratios.
(2) Respectively placing 4 groups of corn straw liquefaction products with different solid-liquid ratios in a Buchner funnel connected with a vacuum pump, washing the liquefaction products with distilled water until filtrate is colorless, placing the obtained suction filtration residue in a constant-temperature air-blast drying oven at 105 ℃ to dry to constant weight, wherein the liquefaction yield calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, Y1 is the liquefaction yield (%);
m0 is the mass (g) of the straw used in the liquefaction process;
m1 represents the mass (g) of the liquefied residue.
d. Preparing graphite carbon from the liquefied product:
(1) And (3) carbonizing the liquefied product: weighing a certain mass of the liquefied mixed product of the corn straws, placing the liquefied mixed product of the corn straws into a corundum crucible, pushing the corundum crucible to the middle section of the tubular furnace, and connecting the corundum crucible with the two ends of the sealed tubular furnace; respectively setting the carbonization reaction temperature at 400 ℃, 500 ℃ and 600 ℃, the heating rate at 5 ℃/min, and keeping the reaction temperature for 1.0h after the reaction temperature reaches the set temperature. And after the reaction is finished and the temperature is reduced to the room temperature, taking out the crucible, soaking the calcined product in 20wt% of absolute ethyl alcohol, grinding, performing suction filtration, and finally drying at 80 ℃ for 12.0h to obtain the liquefied product carbon of the corn straws.
Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the liquefied products obtained by the different solid-to-liquid ratios according to step a are carbonized at 400 deg.C, 500 deg.C and 600 deg.C, respectively, and the liquefied products having a partial solid-to-liquid ratio cannot be completely carbonized at 400 deg.C and 500 deg.C (FIGS. 2 and 4), but the carbonization temperature is not too high, so that the carbonization temperature in the experiment is selected to be 600 deg.C (FIG. 3).
As shown in fig. 4, the carbonization yield as a whole tends to decrease as the solid-to-liquid ratio of the liquefied product increases. Wherein the solid-liquid ratio is 1; the carbonization yield is the lowest when the solid-liquid ratio is 1; when the solid-liquid ratio is 1; the carbonization yield reduction rate is slow when the solid-liquid ratio is 1.
(2) And (3) calculating the carbonization yield:
y2-carbonization yield (%);
m 3-carbonized product mass (g).
(3) Graphitizing a carbonized product: weighing 1.0g of carbonized product, mixing the carbonized product with four different iron-based graphitizing catalysts of acetylacetone iron, ferrocene, ferric oxalate and ferric citrate with inspected concentrations respectively, raising the reaction temperature to 400 ℃ according to the reaction temperature in the step (1), and keeping the reaction temperature for 1.0h; and continuously heating to the investigation temperature, wherein the heating rate is 2 ℃/min, keeping for 1.0h, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, taking out the crucible, taking out the calcined product, grinding, soaking in a hydrochloric acid solution, removing iron by ultrasonic waves for 1.0h, carrying out suction filtration, and finally drying at 80 ℃ for 12.0h to obtain the graphitized carbon of the maize straw liquefied product.
As shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, the influence of solid-liquid ratio on the graphitization degree, according to step b and step c, the catalyst is ferric acetylacetonate, the catalyst is used in an amount of 7.0mmol, and the graphitization temperature is 850 ℃ under the condition of maintaining for 1.0h, the ratio of solid to liquid of the liquefaction product is changed to 1.
In FIG. 5, the first peak at about 1000cm-1 to 1400cm-1 is the D peak, the peak at about 1400cm-1 to 1600cm-1 is the G peak, the graphitization degree is generally expressed by the ratio of the D peak to the G peak, i.e., ID/IG, and the smaller the ratio of ID/IG, the better the graphitization degree; the characteristic peak of X-ray diffraction in fig. 6, which occurs in the vicinity of 25 ° to 28 °, corresponds to the (002) crystal plane of the sample.
From fig. 5, it can be seen that the ID/IG values of the solid-to-liquid ratio 1; when the solid-liquid ratio is 1; when the solid-liquid ratio is 1; as can be seen from fig. 6 (b), the graphitized carbons having the solid-liquid ratio of 1 to 1; when the solid-liquid ratio is 1; the data reflected by the above X-ray diffraction corresponds to a raman spectrum. Therefore, the most suitable solid-to-liquid ratio of the liquefaction product for graphitization can be determined as 1.
As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the effect of the catalyst on the degree of graphitization was achieved by varying the amount of the graphitization catalyst used to 1.0mmol, 4.0mmol, 7.0mmol, 9.0mmol according to step b and step c. From FIG. 7, it can be seen that the ID/IG value of the catalyst amount of 1.0mmol to 9.0mmol tends to decrease and then increase; the ID/IG value of the catalyst dosage of 1.0-7.0 mmol is gradually reduced, and the defect degree is gradually reduced, which shows that the addition of the catalyst has positive significance on graphitization; when the using amount of the catalyst is 7.0mmol, the numerical value of ID/IG =0.73 is the minimum, the graphitization degree is the highest, and the graphite carbon defect is small; when the amount of the catalyst is 9.0mmol, the D peak and the G peak are high, but the ID/IG value is larger than 1, the graphitization degree is poor and certain defects exist, which may be that the catalyst concentration reaches a supersaturation state, and negative influence is shown in characterization. As can be seen from FIG. 8, the graphitized carbon of 4.0 mmol-9.0 mmol of catalyst has X-ray diffraction peak near 25-28 deg; when the catalyst dosage is 1.0mmol, almost no peak exists, and if the catalyst dosage is too small, the catalytic effect is not obvious; when the amount of the catalyst used is 7.0mmol, the peak of the (002) crystal face of the product is sharpest, and thus the optimum amount of the catalyst for graphitization can be determined to be 7.0mmol.
As shown in FIG. 9, the effect of temperature on the degree of graphitization was changed to 750 deg.C, 800 deg.C, 850 deg.C, 900 deg.C according to step b and step c. It can be seen from fig. 9 that the ID/IG value at the graphitization temperature of 750 deg.c to 900 deg.c tends to decrease first and then increase; the ID/IG value of the graphitization temperature at 750-850 ℃ is gradually reduced, the defect degree is gradually reduced, and the control of the graphitization temperature has certain influence on graphitization; when the temperature is 850 ℃, the numerical value of ID/IG =0.73 is the minimum, the graphitization degree is the highest, and the graphite carbon defect is small; when the temperature continues to rise to 900 c, the ID/IG value is large and greater than 1, the degree of graphitization deteriorates, which may be that the catalyst concentration reaches a supersaturated state, showing a negative effect on characterization. The optimum temperature for graphitization as determined by raman spectroscopic data was determined to be 850 ℃.
As shown in fig. 10, fig. 11, fig. 12 and fig. 13, it can be seen that the images of the corn stalks under the scanning electron microscope are in the shape of fiber rods, the microscopic feature structures of the corn stalks are changed through the liquefaction and graphitization processes, and the scanning electron microscope images of the product graphitized carbon can see obvious lamellar features, which meet the conditions for preparing graphene by continuous exfoliation. From fig. 12, it can be seen that the microscopic appearance of the graphitized carbon after the action of the catalyst iron acetylacetonate is agglomerated and wrapped, and the corn stalk-based graphitized carbon with the lamellar characteristics shown in fig. 13 can be obtained after iron removal treatment by hydrochloric acid solution soaking and ultrasound, and compared with fig. 11, the graphitized carbon has smaller defects, better graphitization degree and more clear and obvious lamellar.
As shown in fig. 14 and fig. 15, the images of the corn stalks under the X-ray diffraction are relatively disordered, the characteristic peak appears near 20 to 25 degrees, and the graphitized characteristic peak in fig. 15, in which the X-ray diffraction appears near 25 to 30 degrees, corresponds to the (002) crystal face of the sample, and the characteristic peak is sharp, 2 theta is 26.38 degrees, and the graphitizing degree is better. Therefore, the crystal form of the corn straw under X-ray diffraction is changed in the liquefying and graphitizing processes, which is consistent with the result obtained by the analysis of a scanning electron microscope.
As shown in fig. 16 and 17, compared to the raman spectral images of direct carbonization and graphitization of corn stover at different carbonization temperatures, the corn stover-based graphitized carbon has smaller ID/IG value, better graphitization degree, and less defects. It can be seen that under the experimental conditions herein, the degree of graphitization and the degree of defects of the graphitized carbon product are optimized by the liquefaction process, which makes the obtained spectrum and data under the raman spectrum closer to those of commercial graphite.
As shown in fig. 18 and 19, infrared measurements were performed on corn stover and the prepared corn stover-based graphitized carbon samples, respectively. As can be seen from the overall trend of the graph, the infrared absorption peak of FIG. 19 is much smaller and much weaker than that of FIG. 18, which shows that in the product after liquefaction and graphitization of the corn stalks, the beta-1, 4-glycosidic bond of the corn stalks is broken, the main components are destroyed and the new carbon skeleton is formed again. Wherein the absorption peak of FIG. 18 in the range of 1000 to 1250cm-1 is the infrared symmetrical characteristic peak of ether bond, and the ether substance in the liquefied product increases; here, the absorption peak in fig. 19 is about to disappear, and ethers are substantially absent after carbonization and graphitization. Two absorption peaks near 1300-1400 cm-1 and 1550-1750 cm-1 in fig. 19 are similar to the characteristic peak of graphene, and are caused by stretching vibration of C = O, C-O-C, C-OH, and C = C of the graphite crystal SP2 structure, respectively; the strength of the O-H stretching vibration peak of the liquefied product near 3500cm & lt-1 & gt is obviously weakened because the hydroxyl in the corn straw is subjected to the action of phosphoric acid and polyalcohol to be polymerized again to generate water molecules or other small molecular compounds at the later stage of liquefaction; and after graphitization, the absorption waveform is close to the characteristic peak of the graphene, possibly forming hydrogen bonds which are favorable for resisting van der Waals force between graphene layers.
And d, the standards of the ferric acetylacetonate, the ferrocene, the ferric citrate, the ferric oxalate, the absolute ethyl alcohol and the hydrochloric acid in the step a are all analytically pure.
And d, pushing the crucible to the middle section of the tubular furnace, connecting the two ends of the sealed tubular furnace, and introducing nitrogen for 0.5h to ensure an inert gas environment for reaction.
The method for preparing graphitized carbon by using the corn straw liquefaction method is characterized in that a liquefaction-carbonization-graphitization combined technology is utilized for innovation, the dosage ratio of corn straw powder to a reaction liquefier is 1; under the condition, compared with the direct graphitization of the corn straws, the graphite composite material shows better graphitization degree, a micro lamellar structure and smaller defects. Therefore, a mechanism of the process of preparing graphitized carbon by the corn straws is provided, and a feasible way is provided for preparing and utilizing high-quality materials from the corn straws.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A method for preparing graphitized carbon by a corn straw liquefaction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. selecting ingredients:
(1) Raw materials: corn straw powder.
(2) Reagent: polyethylene glycol, glycerol, hydroxyethylidene diphosphate, iron acetylacetonate, ferrocene, ferric citrate, ferric oxalate, absolute ethyl alcohol and hydrochloric acid.
b. Liquefying corn stalks: weighing 10.0g of corn straw powder, putting the corn straw powder into a high-pressure reaction kettle, adding polyalcohol which is compounded by polyethylene glycol and glycerol according to the mass ratio of 7 to 3 into the high-pressure reaction kettle to serve as a liquefying agent, and adding 0.3g of hydroxy ethylidene diphosphonic acid to serve as a catalyst; screwing down the reaction kettle, putting the reaction kettle into a preheated vacuum drying box for carrying out liquefaction reaction, keeping the reaction temperature at 140 ℃ for 5.0h at constant temperature after the reaction temperature reaches a preset temperature, and cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature after the experimental reaction is finished.
c. And (3) measuring the liquefaction rate:
(1) Separating the unreacted part of the corn straw powder from the reaction system by using a filtering method to obtain 4 groups of liquefied products with different solid-liquid ratios.
(2) Respectively placing 4 groups of corn straw liquefaction products with different solid-liquid ratios in a Buchner funnel connected with a vacuum pump, washing the liquefaction products with distilled water until filtrate is colorless, placing the obtained suction filtration residue in a constant-temperature air-blast drying oven at 105 ℃ to dry to constant weight, wherein the liquefaction yield calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, Y1 is the liquefaction yield (%);
m0 is the mass (g) of the straw used in the liquefaction process;
m1 represents the mass (g) of the liquefied residue.
d. Preparing graphite carbon from the liquefied product:
(1) Carbonizing the liquefied product: weighing a certain mass of the liquefied mixed product of the corn straws, placing the liquefied mixed product into a corundum crucible, pushing the crucible to the middle section of the tubular furnace, and connecting the two ends of the sealed tubular furnace; setting the temperature of the carbonization reaction to be 400-600 ℃, the heating rate to be 5 ℃/min, and keeping the constant temperature for 1.0h after the reaction temperature reaches the set temperature. And after the reaction is finished and the temperature is reduced to the room temperature, taking out the crucible, soaking the calcined product in 20wt% of absolute ethyl alcohol, grinding, performing suction filtration, and finally drying at 80 ℃ for 12.0h to obtain the liquefied product carbon of the corn straws.
(2) And (3) calculating the carbonization yield:
y2-carbonization yield (%);
m 3-carbonized product mass (g).
(3) Graphitizing a carbonized product: weighing 1.0g of carbonized product, mixing the carbonized product with four different iron-based graphitization catalysts of acetylacetone iron, ferrocene, ferric oxalate and ferric citrate with observed concentrations respectively, raising the reaction temperature to 400 ℃ according to the reaction temperature in the step (1), and keeping the reaction temperature for 1.0h; and continuously heating to a temperature for investigation, wherein the heating rate is 2 ℃/min, keeping for 1.0h, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, taking out the crucible, taking out the calcined product, grinding, soaking in a hydrochloric acid solution, removing iron by ultrasound for 1.0h, performing suction filtration, and finally drying at 80 ℃ for 12.0h to obtain the graphitized carbon of the maize straw liquefied product.
2. The method for preparing graphitized carbon by using a corn stalk liquefaction method according to claim 2, wherein the standards of the iron acetylacetonate, the ferrocene, the ferric citrate, the ferric oxalate, the absolute ethyl alcohol and the hydrochloric acid in the step a are all analytically pure.
3. The method for preparing graphitized carbon by using the corn stalk liquefaction method according to claim 1, wherein in the step d, after the crucible is pushed to the middle section of the tube furnace and is connected with the two ends of the sealed tube furnace, nitrogen is introduced for 0.5h to ensure an inert gas environment for reaction.
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