CN115709794A - Recoverable hydrogen airship and use method thereof - Google Patents

Recoverable hydrogen airship and use method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115709794A
CN115709794A CN202211497693.0A CN202211497693A CN115709794A CN 115709794 A CN115709794 A CN 115709794A CN 202211497693 A CN202211497693 A CN 202211497693A CN 115709794 A CN115709794 A CN 115709794A
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China
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
buffer tank
pressure
airship
airbag
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CN202211497693.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
罗建国
晋峰
田钧
胡杨
龙飞
赖贞华
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China Special Vehicle Research Institute
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China Special Vehicle Research Institute
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Abstract

The invention discloses a recoverable hydrogen airship and a using method thereof. The technical scheme of the invention reasonably utilizes the characteristics of hydrogen to realize the safe regulation of the gas in the processes of lifting, standing and the like, and the state of the gas is regulated by the control system to safely return to the ground in the recovery process of the airship.

Description

Recoverable hydrogen airship and use method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of airship design, and particularly relates to a recoverable hydrogen airship and a using method thereof.
Background
An airship is a lighter-than-air aircraft, the hull of which is filled with buoyant gas having a density less than that of air to generate buoyancy, and the flight of which is controlled by a propulsion device. Aerostats have a long dead time compared to heavier-than-air aircraft. At present, most of aerostats worldwide adopt helium as buoyancy gas because helium has high safety and buoyancy efficiency, but helium belongs to non-renewable energy sources and is high in cost.
In order to reduce the technical cost of airship research and development, hydrogen is used as buoyancy gas, so that a large amount of cost can be saved, and the buoyancy efficiency of the hydrogen is higher than that of the helium. However, the safety of hydrogen is undoubtedly a prerequisite for a well-developed hydrogen airship.
In addition, when the hydrogen is used as the buoyancy gas, if the airship can be safely recycled, the utilization rate of the hydrogen can be further improved, and accessories such as a power propulsion system, onboard equipment and the like in the airship can be reused, so that the method has a great potential application value.
In the related patents of the hydrogen airship scheme, the hydrogen and hydrogen power gas regulation (CN 104943845A) or the control measures or the layout (CN 113060271A) for preventing the pure leakage of the hydrogen are mainly focused. However, the influence of external environment such as static electricity on the hydrogen balloon and the influence of gas mixing (hydrogen gas mixed with air/water vapor and the like) to cause gas impure to subsequent gas regulation are not considered. Therefore, there is a need for improvements in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Object of the Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a recoverable hydrogen airship and a using method thereof, which mainly meet the requirements of gas safety regulation in the processes of lifting, parking and the like, and the state of gas is regulated by a control system to safely return to the ground in the airship recovery process.
Technical solution of the invention
The airship comprises a first main airbag, wherein the first main airbag is filled with hydrogen, and a hydrogen buffering module and a hydrogen storage module can regulate the medium pressure of the first main airbag.
Preferably, the device further comprises a second main air bag, wherein the first main air bag is arranged inside the second main air bag, and one or more non-combustible halogenated methane gases are filled in the second main air bag.
Preferably, the hydrogen buffer module comprises a first buffer tank and a second buffer tank, and the first buffer tank can charge air to the first main air bag, the second buffer tank and the hydrogen storage module; the second buffer tank can supply hydrogen for the fuel cell module, and the first buffer tank is also connected with the hydrogen storage module.
Preferably, the first buffer tank and the second buffer tank are provided with a pressure sensor, a hydrogen concentration sensor and a temperature sensor which are respectively used for monitoring the pressure, the concentration and the temperature of hydrogen in the first buffer tank and the second buffer tank, the first buffer tank is also provided with a safety valve, a booster pump and a compressor, and when the pressure sensor in the first buffer tank exceeds the allowable pressure, the safety valve is opened to release the pressure; the booster pump and the compressor can boost the gas in the first buffer tank; electromagnetic valves are arranged between the first buffer tank and the first main airbag and between the first buffer tank and the second buffer tank, and a pressure sensor, a pressure reducing electromagnetic valve and a three-way plug valve are arranged between the first buffer tank and the hydrogen storage module.
Preferably, a partition plate is embedded in the first buffer tank, and adsorbent activated alumina and activated carbon are filled in the partition plate.
Preferably, the hydrogen storage module is provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure gauge.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the primary airbag I to the primary airbag II is lower than or close to 1.
Preferably, the second main airbag is inflated by other gas storage and supply modules.
A method for using an airship capable of recovering hydrogen comprises (1) a ground inflation process, wherein in the inflation process, halogenated alkane with a preset volume is filled into a second main air bag, and then hydrogen is filled into the first main air bag;
in the lift-off and parking process, when the pressure of hydrogen in the first main air bag exceeds the maximum design use value, releasing a part of hydrogen into the first buffer tank; when the pressure of the first main air bag is reduced to a design boundary, the first buffer tank and the hydrogen storage module are combined to release hydrogen into the first main air bag, and the hydrogen storage module stops releasing hydrogen after reaching a specified pressure;
(3) And in the recovery process, the hydrogen in the first main air bag is released into the first buffer tank, the hydrogen in the first buffer tank enters the second buffer tank, and then the hydrogen in the second buffer tank enters the fuel cell module 4 to serve as a working medium to supply power for the power system.
Preferably, during the ground inflation process, the first main airbag is vacuumized and then inflated to a certain pressure through the buffer tank.
The invention has the advantages that: the method reasonably utilizes the characteristics of hydrogen, when the hydrogen is used as buoyancy lifting gas, in the stages of lift-off and standing-in, partial hydrogen is required to be released due to temperature difference change, and the partial hydrogen can be collected into the buffer tank 1 through a pipeline; when hydrogen needs to be supplemented, partial hydrogen can be released from the buffer tank 1 and the hydrogen storage module through pressure regulation to make up for the deficiency of the hydrogen. When hydrogen is used as the fuel, hydrogen is provided to the hydrogen fuel cell by the hydrogen storage module or (and) the primary airbag. The net buoyancy of the airship is reduced by consuming hydrogen, and the height of the airship gradually decreases, so that the purpose of recovery is achieved. In addition, in order to safely use hydrogen, measures such as adding non-combustible methyl halide and an airbag are taken to keep the hydrogen safe in the using process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a layout view of airship bladders.
Fig. 2 is a general schematic diagram of a recoverable hydrogen airship of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen buffer module.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of another gas storage and supply module.
In the figure: in the figure: 1-capsule body; 11-main airbag I; 12-main airbag II; 13-ballonet; 2-a pod; 21-a battery module; 3-a power plant; 4-a fuel cell module; 5-an airbag; 6-a hydrogen buffer module; 7-other gas storage and supply modules; 61-buffer tank one; 62-buffer tank II; 63-a hydrogen storage module; 4-a fuel cell module; 41. 634-three-way rotary valve; 42. 60, 611, 612, 616, 621, 622, 631-intake solenoid valve; 43. 44, 632, 633-pressure reducing solenoid valves; 613-a booster pump; 614-a compressor; 615. 623-a safety valve; 617-adsorbent activated alumina; 618-activated carbon; 619 — a separator.
Detailed Description
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A layout of a recoverable hydrogen airship comprises a bag body 1, a nacelle 2, a power device 3, a hydrogen fuel cell power supply module 4, an air bag 5, a hydrogen buffering module 6 and other gas storage and supply modules 7. The capsule body 1 comprises a primary airbag I11, a primary airbag II 12 and a secondary airbag 13.
The pod 2 includes a battery module 21, a power plant 3, a fuel cell module 4, a hydrogen buffer module 6, and other gas storage and supply modules 7.
Helium is filled in the capsule body 1, and 2 auxiliary air bags 13 are arranged in total and are positioned at the front bottom and the rear bottom of the capsule body 1, and air is filled in the auxiliary air bags for shape preservation of the capsule body 1.
The first main air bag 11 is arranged inside the second main air bag 12, and the bag body materials in the two main air bags are made of polymer composite materials coated with antistatic agents, so that static electricity is prevented from being generated or accumulated.
The first main air bag 11 is filled with hydrogen, and the hydrogen is provided by the hydrogen buffer module 6 through a pipeline.
The second main airbag 12 is positioned in the middle of the second airbag 1, keeps a certain distance with the second auxiliary airbag 13 all the time, is filled with one or more non-combustible halogenated methane gases, and the gases are provided by other gas storage and supply modules 7 through pipelines.
The volume ratio of the gas in the first main air bag 11 and the second main air bag 12 is lower than or close to 1.15, so that the safety of the first hydrogen main air bag 11 once leakage occurs is guaranteed.
A temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a hydrogen concentration sensor are arranged in the primary air bag I11, the primary air bag II 12 and the secondary air bag 13 and used for monitoring the hydrogen gas state;
and the storage battery module 21 is used for supplying power to the shipboard equipment and the power system.
The hydrogen buffer module comprises a first buffer tank 61, a second buffer tank 62, a booster pump 613, a compressor 614 and relevant valve pipelines.
The allowable maximum pressure of the first buffer tank 61 is 1MPa, and a pressure sensor, a hydrogen concentration sensor and a temperature sensor are mounted on the first buffer tank 61 and used for monitoring the concentration and the gas state of hydrogen; the safety valve 615 is used for protecting the safety use of the overpressure of the first buffer tank 61, namely when the pressure sensor in the first buffer tank 61 exceeds the allowable pressure, the safety valve 615 is opened to release the pressure; the air inlet electromagnetic valve 616 controls the buffer tank I61 to inlet air into the main airbag I11; and the gas inlet solenoid valve 612 controls the first buffer tank 61 to feed gas into the second buffer tank 62, and the gas in the first buffer tank 61 is pressurized by the booster pump 613 and the compressor 614, so that more gas can be stored in the second buffer tank 62.
Two layers of partition boards 619 are embedded into the first buffer tank 61, and are respectively filled with adsorbent activated alumina 617 and activated carbon 618 for adsorbing impurities except hydrogen and air.
Each layer of partition 619 is provided with a plurality of rows of small holes with the diameter of 1-2 mm, so that gas can enter other areas through the partition.
The first buffer tank 61 is respectively connected with the first main airbag 11, the hydrogen storage module 63 and the second buffer tank 62 through hydrogen pipelines.
An air inlet valve 631, a pressure sensor, a first decompression electromagnetic valve 632, a second decompression electromagnetic valve 633, a 3-way plug valve 634 and an air inlet electromagnetic valve 612 are arranged on a hydrogen pipeline connecting the first buffer tank 61 and the hydrogen storage module 63, the pressure sensor is used for monitoring the gas pressure from the hydrogen storage module 63, the decompression ranges of the first decompression electromagnetic valve 632 and the second decompression electromagnetic valve 633 are respectively (1-Pmax) MPa (Pmax is slightly lower than or consistent with the designed maximum pressure in the hydrogen storage module), and (0.1-1000) kPa, the decompression of the high-pressure gas in the hydrogen storage module 63 is realized, and the delivery of the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage module 63 to the first buffer tank 61 is controlled through the air inlet valve 612;
the second buffer tank 62 is respectively connected with the first buffer tank 61 and the fuel cell hydrogen supply pipeline through a hydrogen pipeline.
The allowable maximum pressure of the second buffer tank 62 is 20MPa, and a pressure sensor, a hydrogen concentration sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged on the second buffer tank and are used for monitoring the concentration and the gas state of hydrogen; hydrogen is supplied to the fuel cell hydrogen supply line through the intake solenoid valve 41, the pressure-reducing solenoid valve 43, and the pressure-reducing solenoid valve 44.
The hydrogen storage module 63 is provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure gauge for supplying gas thereto through the gas inlet valve 60.
The safety air bags 5 are arranged at the bottom and the edge of the pod 2, so that the risks of hydrogen leakage and hydrogen explosion caused by emergencies (violent collision of the pod with the ground) are avoided during recovery of the airship.
The other gas storage and supply module 7 contains one or more halogenated methanes, the internal pressure of the other gas storage and supply module can reach 10MPa at maximum, and the other gas storage and supply module supplies gas into the second main airbag 12 through the gas inlet electromagnetic valve 71 and the pressure reducing electromagnetic valve 72.
The using method comprises the following steps:
(1) And (5) a ground inflation process. In the ground charging stage, in order to ensure the safety of the hydrogen use, the hydrogen is charged into the hydrogen storage module 63 through the air inlet valve 60 in advance. During inflation, the main air bag II 12 is first filled with halogenated alkane with a preset volume, specifically, the air inlet electromagnetic valve 71 and the pressure reducing electromagnetic valve 72 of the other air storage and supply module 7 are opened, air is supplied to the main air bag II 12 through a pipeline, and the air inlet electromagnetic valve 71 is closed after inflation is finished. Then, hydrogen gas is filled into the primary airbag one 11. The specific implementation is to evacuate the primary airbag one 11 in advance, open the inlet solenoid valve 631, the inlet solenoid valve 611, the inlet solenoid valve 616, the pressure reducing solenoid valve 632, and the pressure reducing solenoid valve 633, automatically control the inflation of the primary airbag one 11 to a certain pressure through the hydrogen pipeline via the buffer tank one 61, and then close all the valve components. The safety of the hydrogen inflation process is ensured by the sequence of the inflation; then, air and helium are respectively filled into the auxiliary air bag 13 and the capsule body 1 to reach specified pressure, so that the abundance of the capsule body is ensured.
(2) And (4) ascending and standing-in-the-air processes. In the daytime, under the action of solar radiation, the pressure difference is increased due to the fact that hydrogen inside the primary air bag I11 is heated and expanded, when the maximum design use value is exceeded, the air inlet valve 616 is opened, a part of hydrogen is released into the buffer tank I61, and then the air inlet valve 616 is closed. When the temperature of the hydrogen in the first primary airbag 11 is reduced and the pressure difference of the airbag is reduced to the design boundary at night, the air inlet electromagnetic valve 631, the air inlet electromagnetic valve 611, the air inlet electromagnetic valve 616, the pressure reducing electromagnetic valve 632 and the pressure reducing electromagnetic valve 633 are opened, the first buffer tank 61 and the hydrogen storage module 63 are combined to release the hydrogen to the first primary airbag 11 through the hydrogen pipeline to reach the specified pressure, and then all the valves are closed. The purpose of the combined inflation is to ensure that the pressure of the inflated hydrogen is slightly higher than that in the original main air bag I11, so that the inflation process is smoothly realized.
(3) And (5) a recovery process. And opening the air inlet electromagnetic valve 616, the air inlet electromagnetic valve 612, the air inlet electromagnetic valve 622, the pressure reducing electromagnetic valve 43 and the pressure reducing electromagnetic valve 44, releasing the hydrogen in the primary airbag I11 into the first buffer tank 61 through a hydrogen pipeline, enabling the hydrogen to enter the second buffer tank 62 through the compressor 614 and the booster pump 613, and enabling the hydrogen to enter the fuel cell through the hydrogen pipeline 624 to serve as a working medium to supply power to a power system, so that the recovery speed of the airship is increased.
When the hydrogen is used as the buoyancy gas, the hydrogen in the primary airbag I11 is filled and discharged through the hydrogen buffering device 6 and the hydrogen storage module 63. In the lift-off and standing-off stages, partial hydrogen is required to be released due to temperature difference change, and the partial hydrogen can be collected into the first buffer tank 61 through a pipeline; when hydrogen needs to be supplemented, partial hydrogen can be released from the first buffer tank 61 and the hydrogen storage module 63 through pressure regulation to make up for the deficiency of the hydrogen so as to maintain the net buoyancy to a certain value, so that the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved, and the economic benefit is high.
When hydrogen is used as fuel, the hydrogen is provided for the hydrogen fuel cell through the first buffer tank 61, the hydrogen storage module 63, the first main air bag 11 and the second buffer tank 62. The net buoyancy of the airship is reduced by consuming hydrogen, and the height of the airship gradually decreases, so that the purpose of recovery is achieved. The upper limit of the stored fuel of the airship is increased, and the working time of the airship is greatly prolonged.
In order to keep the safety of hydrogen leakage in the first main air bag 11, the second main air bag 12 is filled with halogenated methane, so that the explosion limit of hydrogen is reduced.
The safety airbags 5 are installed at the bottom and the edge of the airship pod 2, so that the safety of the airship is improved.
The scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is apparent that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention. It is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. The airship is characterized by comprising a first main air bag (11), wherein the first main air bag (11) is filled with hydrogen, and a hydrogen buffering module (6) and a hydrogen storage module (63) can regulate the pressure in the first main air bag (11).
2. The recoverable hydrogen airship of claim 1, further comprising a second primary airbag (12), wherein the first primary airbag (11) is disposed inside the second primary airbag (12), and the second primary airbag (12) is filled with one or more non-combustible halogenated methane gases.
3. A recoverable hydrogen airship according to claim 2, wherein the hydrogen buffer module (6) comprises a first buffer tank (61), a second buffer tank (62), the first buffer tank (61) being capable of charging the first primary airbag (11), the second buffer tank (62) and the hydrogen storage module (63); the second buffer tank (62) can supply hydrogen for the fuel cell module (4), and the first buffer tank (61) is also connected with the hydrogen storage module (63).
4. A recoverable hydrogen airship layout according to claim 3, wherein the first buffer tank (61) and the second buffer tank (62) are provided with pressure sensors, hydrogen concentration sensors and temperature sensors for monitoring the pressure, concentration and temperature of the hydrogen in the first buffer tank (61) and the second buffer tank (62), respectively, the first buffer tank (61) is further provided with a safety valve (615), a booster pump (613) and a compressor (614), and when the pressure sensors in the first buffer tank (61) exceed the allowable pressure, the safety valve (615) opens to release the pressure; the booster pump (613) and the compressor (614) can boost the gas in the first buffer tank (61); electromagnetic valves are arranged between the first buffer tank (61) and the first main air bag (11) and between the first buffer tank (61) and the second buffer tank (62), and a pressure sensor, a pressure reducing electromagnetic valve and a three-way plug valve are arranged between the first buffer tank (61) and the hydrogen storage module (63).
5. A recoverable hydrogen airship arrangement according to claim 3, wherein the first buffer tank (61) has a partition embedded therein, the partition containing adsorbent activated alumina (617) and activated carbon (618).
6. A recoverable hydrogen airship arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrogen storage module (63) is provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure gauge.
7. A recoverable hydrogen airship layout according to claim 2, characterized in that the ratio of the volumes of the primary airbag one (11) and the primary airbag two (12) is below or close to 1.15.
8. A recoverable hydrogen airship arrangement according to claim 2, characterised in that the second primary airbag (12) is inflated by a further gas storage and supply module (7).
9. The use method of the airship of any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein in the ground inflation process, the main airbag II (12) is inflated with the halogenated alkane with the preset volume, and then the main airbag I (11) is inflated with the hydrogen;
(2) During the lift-off and the standing-in process, when the pressure of the hydrogen inside the first main airbag (11) exceeds the maximum designed use value, releasing a part of hydrogen into a first buffer tank (61); when the pressure of the primary air bag I (11) is reduced to a design boundary, releasing hydrogen into the primary air bag I (11) by combining the buffer tank I (61) and the hydrogen storage module (63), and stopping after reaching a specified pressure;
(3) In the recovery process, hydrogen in the first main airbag (11) is released into the first buffer tank (61), hydrogen in the first buffer tank (61) enters the second buffer tank (62), and then hydrogen in the second buffer tank (62) enters the fuel cell module (4) to serve as a working medium to supply power to a power system.
10. The use method of the airship with the function of recycling hydrogen as claimed in claim 9, wherein in the ground inflation process, the first main airbag (11) is vacuumized and then inflated to a certain pressure through the first buffer tank (61).
CN202211497693.0A 2022-11-25 2022-11-25 Recoverable hydrogen airship and use method thereof Pending CN115709794A (en)

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CN202211497693.0A CN115709794A (en) 2022-11-25 2022-11-25 Recoverable hydrogen airship and use method thereof

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB373877A (en) * 1930-09-19 1932-06-02 Jean Letourneur Improvements in uninflammable balloons
JPH0550990A (en) * 1991-08-26 1993-03-02 Patoroma Res Kk Airship using hydrogen for buoyancy and prime mover fuel
US20060000945A1 (en) * 2003-09-09 2006-01-05 Voss Paul B System and method for altitude control
CN101885378A (en) * 2010-07-06 2010-11-17 张朝林 Inflation airship
CN102530232A (en) * 2011-11-12 2012-07-04 白雪海 Controllable hydrogen flight vehicle
CN106394855A (en) * 2016-11-09 2017-02-15 中国空间技术研究院 Stratospheric airship with hydrogen adjusting device
US9573671B1 (en) * 2013-12-31 2017-02-21 X Development Llc Fabric diffuser for high flowrate inflation
CN111268088A (en) * 2020-03-13 2020-06-12 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Volume-controllable air bag device and multi-air-bag airship system

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB373877A (en) * 1930-09-19 1932-06-02 Jean Letourneur Improvements in uninflammable balloons
JPH0550990A (en) * 1991-08-26 1993-03-02 Patoroma Res Kk Airship using hydrogen for buoyancy and prime mover fuel
US20060000945A1 (en) * 2003-09-09 2006-01-05 Voss Paul B System and method for altitude control
CN101885378A (en) * 2010-07-06 2010-11-17 张朝林 Inflation airship
CN102530232A (en) * 2011-11-12 2012-07-04 白雪海 Controllable hydrogen flight vehicle
US9573671B1 (en) * 2013-12-31 2017-02-21 X Development Llc Fabric diffuser for high flowrate inflation
CN106394855A (en) * 2016-11-09 2017-02-15 中国空间技术研究院 Stratospheric airship with hydrogen adjusting device
CN111268088A (en) * 2020-03-13 2020-06-12 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Volume-controllable air bag device and multi-air-bag airship system

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