CN115700956A - Photovoltaic cluster direct current outgoing oscillation analysis method and system based on multiport matrix - Google Patents
Photovoltaic cluster direct current outgoing oscillation analysis method and system based on multiport matrix Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于电力系统宽频振荡分析技术领域,具体涉及一种基于多端口矩阵的光伏集群直流外送振荡分析方法及系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of power system broadband oscillation analysis, and in particular relates to a multi-port matrix-based photovoltaic cluster DC external transmission oscillation analysis method and system.
背景技术Background technique
本部分的陈述仅仅是提供了与本发明相关的背景技术信息,不必然构成在先技术。The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.
光伏依靠电力电子逆变器接入电网,直流输电更是基于电力电子变流技术,以往工程与研究经验均表明,多电力电子装备之间存在宽频域振荡的风险,为新型电力系统的安全运行带来挑战。Photovoltaics rely on power electronic inverters to connect to the grid, and DC transmission is based on power electronic conversion technology. Previous engineering and research experience have shown that there is a risk of wide-frequency oscillation between multiple power electronic equipment, which is an important factor for the safe operation of new power systems. bring challenges.
状态空间模型基础上的特征值分析作为小干扰动态过程的经典研究工具,能提供动态过程的全部模式信息,因而可作为离线分析的验证手段。然后随着电力系统的大规模电力电子化,将特征值分析用于宽频振荡分析并不方便。宽频振荡仅需分析阻尼比为零或者很小时的模式,而阻抗分析法只建立研究对象的输入或输出阻抗模型,根据阻抗之间的关系分析系统振荡频率,完全符合宽频振荡的分析需求,因而近年来广泛应用于电力电子装备系统。然而,传统阻抗分析法是基于单输入单输出系统提出的,针对多输入多输出系统其适用性明显受限。The eigenvalue analysis based on the state-space model is a classic research tool for the small disturbance dynamic process, which can provide all the model information of the dynamic process, so it can be used as a verification method for offline analysis. However, with the large-scale power electronics of power systems, it is not convenient to use eigenvalue analysis for broadband oscillation analysis. Broadband oscillation only needs to analyze the mode with a damping ratio of zero or very small, while the impedance analysis method only establishes the input or output impedance model of the research object, and analyzes the system oscillation frequency according to the relationship between impedances, which fully meets the analysis requirements of broadband oscillation. In recent years, it has been widely used in power electronic equipment systems. However, the traditional impedance analysis method is proposed based on a single-input single-output system, and its applicability to multiple-input multiple-output systems is obviously limited.
有研究将多输入多输出系统等效转换为单输入单输出系统进而应用传统阻抗分析法,但该方法在转换过程中有可能丢失某些振荡模式,产生与实际不一致的分析结论。In some studies, the MIMO system is equivalently transformed into a single-input-single-output system and then the traditional impedance analysis method is applied. However, this method may lose some oscillation modes during the conversion process, resulting in inconsistent analysis conclusions.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决上述问题,本发明提出了一种基于多端口矩阵的光伏集群直流外送振荡分析方法及系统,本发明针对传统阻抗分析法应用于多输入多输出系统时,基于等效单输入单输出“源-荷”子系统的方法存在假设条件严苛、不稳定极点不显等问题,本发明提出一种基于多端口阻抗矩阵和广义奈奎斯特判据的阻抗分析法,不进行多输入多输出向单输入单输出系统的等效变换,直接以矩阵形式分析多输入多输出系统,用于并网光伏集群经直流外送系统的振荡稳定性分析。本发明利用系统分块节点电压方程,构造可包含全部不稳定极点的闭环表示形式,根据闭环传递函数回比矩阵的特征轨迹判断系统的稳定性。该方法在保证稳定性分析准确性的同时,提高了阻抗分析法的适用性。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a multi-port matrix-based photovoltaic cluster DC external transmission oscillation analysis method and system. When the traditional impedance analysis method is applied to a multiple-input multiple-output system, the present invention is based on an equivalent single-input single-output The method of "source-load" subsystem has problems such as strict assumptions and indistinct unstable poles. The present invention proposes an impedance analysis method based on multi-port impedance matrix and generalized Nyquist criterion without multi-input Equivalent transformation from multi-output to single-input and single-output system, directly analyze the multi-input and multi-output system in the form of matrix, which is used for the oscillation stability analysis of the grid-connected photovoltaic cluster through the DC output system. The invention utilizes the block node voltage equation of the system to construct a closed-loop expression form that can include all unstable poles, and judges the stability of the system according to the characteristic track of the return-ratio matrix of the closed-loop transfer function. The method improves the applicability of the impedance analysis method while ensuring the accuracy of the stability analysis.
根据一些实施例,本发明的第一方案提供了一种基于多端口矩阵的光伏集群直流外送振荡分析方法,采用如下技术方案:According to some embodiments, the first solution of the present invention provides a multi-port matrix-based method for analyzing oscillations of photovoltaic cluster direct current transmission, which adopts the following technical solution:
基于多端口矩阵的光伏集群直流外送振荡分析方法,包括:An analysis method for photovoltaic cluster DC external transmission oscillation based on multi-port matrix, including:
基于光伏集群直流外送系统的拓扑结构,构建等效多输入多输出端口网络,依据类型对节点和支路分别进行分类;Based on the topological structure of the photovoltaic cluster DC external transmission system, an equivalent multi-input and multi-output port network is constructed, and the nodes and branches are classified according to the type;
依据节点分类结果和支路分类结果形成分块节点导纳矩阵,构建分块矩阵形式的节点电压方程;Based on the node classification results and branch classification results, the block node admittance matrix is formed, and the node voltage equation in the form of block matrix is constructed;
选择光伏和直流接入节点作为研究节点,构造节点电流和电压之间包含回比矩阵的光伏集群直流外送系统闭环传递函数矩阵;Select photovoltaic and DC access nodes as the research nodes, and construct the closed-loop transfer function matrix of the photovoltaic cluster DC output system including the return ratio matrix between the node current and voltage;
根据广义奈奎斯特判据,利用闭环传递函数矩阵的回比矩阵的特征轨迹判断系统振荡稳定性。According to the generalized Nyquist criterion, the oscillation stability of the system is judged by using the characteristic trajectory of the return ratio matrix of the closed-loop transfer function matrix.
进一步地,所述基于光伏集群直流外送系统的拓扑结构,构建等效多输入多输出端口网络,依据类型对节点和支路分别进行分类,具体为:Further, based on the topological structure of the photovoltaic cluster DC external transmission system, an equivalent multi-input and multi-output port network is constructed, and nodes and branches are classified according to types, specifically:
将多端口网络中的节点分为光伏或者直流接入节点以及其余节点,将支路分为接地支路和节点连接支路。The nodes in the multi-port network are divided into photovoltaic or DC access nodes and other nodes, and the branches are divided into grounding branches and node connection branches.
进一步地,所述依据节点分类结果和支路分类结果形成分块节点导纳矩阵,构建分块矩阵形式的节点电压方程,包括:Further, the block node admittance matrix is formed according to the node classification result and the branch classification result, and a node voltage equation in the form of a block matrix is constructed, including:
根据支路分类结果,将支路导纳矩阵转化为分块矩阵的形式,得到分块支路导纳矩阵;According to the branch classification results, the branch admittance matrix is converted into the form of block matrix, and the block branch admittance matrix is obtained;
根据节点分类结果和支路分类结果,将关联矩阵转化为分块矩阵的形式,得到分块关联矩阵;According to the node classification results and branch classification results, the association matrix is converted into the form of block matrix, and the block association matrix is obtained;
基于分块支路导纳矩阵和分块关联矩阵,确定分块节点导纳矩阵;Based on the block branch admittance matrix and the block correlation matrix, determine the block node admittance matrix;
利用确定的分块节点导纳矩阵,构建分块矩阵形式的节点电压方程。Using the determined block node admittance matrix, the node voltage equation in block matrix form is constructed.
进一步地,所述分块矩阵形式的节点电压方程为Further, the node voltage equation in the block matrix form is
式中,UA和IA分别为光伏或直流接入节点的电压和注入电流,UL和IL分别为其余节点的电压和注入电流,Y11和Y22分别为其余节点和光伏或直流接入节点的自导纳,Y12和Y21分别为其余节点和光伏或直流接入节点的互导纳。In the formula, U A and I A are the voltage and injection current of photovoltaic or DC access nodes, U L and I L are the voltage and injection current of other nodes, respectively, Y 11 and Y 22 are the remaining nodes and photovoltaic or DC The self-admittance of the access node, Y 12 and Y 21 are the mutual admittance of the remaining nodes and the photovoltaic or DC access node, respectively.
进一步地,所述节点电流和电压之间包含回比矩阵的光伏集群直流外送系统闭环传递函数矩阵,具体为:Further, the closed-loop transfer function matrix of the photovoltaic cluster DC external transmission system including the return ratio matrix between the node current and the voltage is specifically:
式中,E为单位矩阵,Yd11是接地支路导纳的对角阵;Yd22是串联支路导纳的对角阵;为交流系统的阻抗矩阵;为光伏与直流系统的导纳矩阵。In the formula, E is the unit matrix, Y d11 is the diagonal matrix of the grounding branch admittance; Y d22 is the diagonal matrix of the series branch admittance; is the impedance matrix of the AC system; is the admittance matrix of photovoltaic and DC systems.
进一步地,所述闭环传递回比矩阵,具体为:Further, the closed loop transfers back the ratio matrix, specifically:
L(s)=ZLYA L(s)=Z L Y A
其中,为交流系统的阻抗矩阵;为光伏与直流系统的导纳矩阵。in, is the impedance matrix of the AC system; is the admittance matrix of photovoltaic and DC systems.
进一步地,所述根据广义奈奎斯特判据,利用闭环传递回比矩阵的特征轨迹判断系统振荡稳定性,具体为:Further, according to the generalized Nyquist criterion, the characteristic trajectory of the closed-loop transfer-back ratio matrix is used to judge the oscillation stability of the system, specifically:
根据广义奈奎斯特判据,当特征轨迹逆时针包围临界点(-1,j0)的净圈数与回比矩阵L(s)在右半平面极点数目相等时,该系统是稳定的;反之,该系统是不稳定的。According to the generalized Nyquist criterion, the system is stable when the number of net circles surrounding the critical point (-1, j0) in the counterclockwise direction of the characteristic trajectory is equal to the number of poles in the right half plane of the return ratio matrix L(s); Otherwise, the system is unstable.
根据一些实施例,本发明的第二方案提供了一种基于多端口矩阵的光伏集群直流外送振荡分析系统,采用如下技术方案:According to some embodiments, the second solution of the present invention provides a multi-port matrix-based photovoltaic cluster DC external transmission oscillation analysis system, which adopts the following technical solution:
基于多端口矩阵的光伏集群直流外送振荡分析系统,包括:A photovoltaic cluster DC output oscillation analysis system based on a multi-port matrix, including:
节点支路分类模块,用于基于光伏集群直流外送系统的拓扑结构,构建等效多输入多输出端口网络,依据类型对节点和支路分别进行分类;The node branch classification module is used to construct an equivalent multi-input multi-output port network based on the topology structure of the photovoltaic cluster DC output system, and classify the nodes and branches according to the type;
分块节点电压方程构建模块,用于依据节点分类结果和支路分类结果形成分块节点导纳矩阵,构建分块矩阵形式的节点电压方程;The block node voltage equation building module is used to form a block node admittance matrix according to the node classification result and the branch classification result, and construct a block node voltage equation in the form of a block matrix;
闭环传递函数矩阵构建模块,被配置为选择光伏和直流接入节点作为研究节点,构造节点电流和电压之间包含回比矩阵的光伏集群直流外送系统闭环传递函数矩阵;The closed-loop transfer function matrix construction module is configured to select the photovoltaic and DC access nodes as the research nodes, and construct the closed-loop transfer function matrix of the photovoltaic cluster DC output system including the return ratio matrix between the node current and voltage;
系统振荡分析模块,用于根据广义奈奎斯特判据,利用闭环传递函数矩阵的回比矩阵的特征轨迹判断系统振荡稳定性。The system oscillation analysis module is used for judging the system oscillation stability by using the characteristic track of the return ratio matrix of the closed-loop transfer function matrix according to the generalized Nyquist criterion.
根据一些实施例,本发明的第三方案提供了一种计算机可读存储介质。According to some embodiments, a third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium.
一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,该程序被处理器执行时实现如上述第一个方面所述的基于多端口矩阵的光伏集群直流外送振荡分析方法中的步骤。A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the steps in the multi-port matrix-based photovoltaic cluster DC external transmission oscillation analysis method described in the first aspect above are implemented.
根据一些实施例,本发明的第四方案提供了一种计算机设备。According to some embodiments, a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer device.
一种计算机设备,包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序,所述处理器执行所述程序时实现如上述第一个方面所述的基于多端口矩阵的光伏集群直流外送振荡分析方法中的步骤。A computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and operable on the processor, when the processor executes the program, the multi-port matrix-based Steps in the analysis method of photovoltaic cluster direct current transmission oscillation.
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1、本发明将以矩阵形式将阻抗分析法从单输入单输出系统拓展到多输入多输出系统,避免多端口系统等效简化为单输入单输出系统时隐藏模式的弊端。假设条件只需满足各个子系统独立运行时是稳定的,相比基于“源-荷”子系统的阻抗分析法而言,假设条件更弱且合理,该方法的适用范围更广。1. The present invention expands the impedance analysis method from a single-input-single-output system to a multiple-input-multiple-output system in the form of a matrix, avoiding the disadvantages of hidden modes when the multi-port system is equivalently simplified to a single-input single-output system. The assumption conditions only need to satisfy that each subsystem is stable when it operates independently. Compared with the impedance analysis method based on the "source-charge" subsystem, the assumption conditions are weaker and reasonable, and the method has a wider application range.
2、本发明利用系统分块节点电压矩阵构造多输入多输出系统的闭环传递函数矩阵,能够正确反映多输入多输出系统的所有极点,避免了零极点对消使系统不稳定极点不显的情况。该方法即使在“源-荷”子系统内部存在不稳定极点时,也能正确反映系统稳定性。2. The present invention uses the system block node voltage matrix to construct the closed-loop transfer function matrix of the MIMO system, which can correctly reflect all the poles of the MIMO system, and avoids the situation that the poles and zeros of the system are not displayed due to the cancellation of the poles and zeros . This method can correctly reflect the system stability even when there are unstable poles inside the "source-load" subsystem.
附图说明Description of drawings
构成本发明的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations to the present invention.
图1为本发明实施例中基于多端口阻抗矩阵的光伏集群直流外送振荡分析方法流程图;Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a photovoltaic cluster DC external transmission oscillation analysis method based on a multi-port impedance matrix in an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例中多并网光伏经直流外送系统的仿真模型结构示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulation model of a multi-grid-connected photovoltaic external transmission system via DC in an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例中母线Bus5电压响应曲线;Fig. 3 is the busbar Bus5 voltage response curve in the embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例中Bus5母线电压的快速傅里叶变换分析结果;Fig. 4 is the fast Fourier transform analysis result of Bus5 busbar voltage in the embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例中光伏系统PV2输出的有功功率;Fig. 5 is the active power that photovoltaic system PV2 exports in the embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明实施例中多并网光伏经直流外送系统等效电路图;Fig. 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a multi-grid-connected photovoltaic transmission system via DC in an embodiment of the present invention;
图7为本发明实施例中基于“源-荷”系统的传统阻抗分析法分析结果;Fig. 7 is the analysis result of the traditional impedance analysis method based on the "source-charge" system in the embodiment of the present invention;
图8为本发明实施例中回比矩阵的特征轨迹。Fig. 8 is the characteristic trajectory of the echo ratio matrix in the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图与实施例对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
应该指出,以下详细说明都是例示性的,旨在对本发明提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明,本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
需要注意的是,这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式,而非意图限制根据本发明的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的,除非上下文另外明确指出,否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式,此外,还应当理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时,其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。It should be noted that the terminology used here is only for describing specific embodiments, and is not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they mean There are features, steps, operations, means, components and/or combinations thereof.
在不冲突的情况下,本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。In the case of no conflict, the embodiments and the features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.
实施例一Embodiment one
本实施例提供了一种基于多端口矩阵的光伏集群直流外送振荡分析方法,本实施例以该方法应用于服务器进行举例说明,可以理解的是,该方法也可以应用于终端,还可以应用于包括终端和服务器和系统,并通过终端和服务器的交互实现。服务器可以是独立的物理服务器,也可以是多个物理服务器构成的服务器集群或者分布式系统,还可以是提供云服务、云数据库、云计算、云函数、云存储、网络服务器、云通信、中间件服务、域名服务、安全服务CDN、以及大数据和人工智能平台等基础云计算服务的云服务器。终端可以是智能手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、台式计算机、智能音箱、智能手表等,但并不局限于此。终端以及服务器可以通过有线或无线通信方式进行直接或间接地连接,本申请在此不做限制。本实施例中,该方法包括以下步骤:This embodiment provides a multi-port matrix-based DC output oscillation analysis method for photovoltaic clusters. In this embodiment, this method is applied to servers for illustration. It can be understood that this method can also be applied to terminals, and can also be applied to It includes terminals, servers and systems, and is realized through the interaction between terminals and servers. The server can be an independent physical server, or a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or it can provide cloud services, cloud database, cloud computing, cloud function, cloud storage, network server, cloud communication, intermediate Cloud servers for basic cloud computing services such as software services, domain name services, security service CDN, and big data and artificial intelligence platforms. The terminal may be a smart phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a smart speaker, a smart watch, etc., but is not limited thereto. The terminal and the server may be connected directly or indirectly through wired or wireless communication, which is not limited in this application. In this embodiment, the method includes the following steps:
基于光伏集群直流外送系统的拓扑结构,构建等效多输入多输出端口网络,依据类型对节点和支路分别进行分类;Based on the topological structure of the photovoltaic cluster DC external transmission system, an equivalent multi-input and multi-output port network is constructed, and the nodes and branches are classified according to the type;
依据节点分类结果和支路分类结果形成分块节点导纳矩阵,构建分块矩阵形式的节点电压方程;Based on the node classification results and branch classification results, the block node admittance matrix is formed, and the node voltage equation in the form of block matrix is constructed;
选择光伏和直流接入节点作为研究节点,构造节点电流和电压之间包含回比矩阵的光伏集群直流外送系统闭环传递函数矩阵;Select photovoltaic and DC access nodes as the research nodes, and construct the closed-loop transfer function matrix of the photovoltaic cluster DC output system including the return ratio matrix between the node current and voltage;
根据广义奈奎斯特判据,利用闭环传递函数矩阵的回比矩阵的特征轨迹判断系统振荡稳定性。According to the generalized Nyquist criterion, the oscillation stability of the system is judged by using the characteristic trajectory of the return ratio matrix of the closed-loop transfer function matrix.
具体地,如图1所示,本实施例提供一种基于多端口阻抗矩阵的光伏集群直流外送振荡分析方法,具体包括:Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , this embodiment provides a multi-port impedance matrix-based method for analyzing oscillation of photovoltaic cluster direct current transmission, which specifically includes:
1、基于光伏集群直流外送系统的拓扑结构,构建等效多输入多输出端口网络,依据类型对节点和支路进行分类1. Based on the topological structure of the photovoltaic cluster DC transmission system, construct an equivalent multi-input and multi-output port network, and classify nodes and branches according to types
将光伏并网经直流外送系统中节点分为光伏/直流接入的节点和其余节点;支路分为接地支路和串联支路。The nodes in the photovoltaic grid-connected DC transmission system are divided into photovoltaic/DC access nodes and other nodes; the branches are divided into grounding branches and series branches.
2、依据节点和支路分类结果形成分块节点导纳矩阵,构建分块矩阵形式的节点电压方程2. According to the classification results of nodes and branches, a block node admittance matrix is formed, and a node voltage equation in the form of a block matrix is constructed
根据对支路的分类,支路导纳矩阵可表示为分块矩阵的形式:According to the classification of branches, the branch admittance matrix can be expressed in the form of block matrix:
式中:Yd是支路导纳矩阵,Yd11是接地支路构成的导纳对角阵;Yd22是节点连接支路构成的导纳对角阵。In the formula: Y d is the branch admittance matrix, Y d11 is the admittance diagonal matrix formed by the grounded branch; Y d22 is the admittance diagonal matrix formed by the node connection branch.
同样根据对支路和节点的分类,关联矩阵也可表示为分块矩阵的形式:Also according to the classification of branches and nodes, the incidence matrix can also be expressed in the form of a block matrix:
式中:A是关联矩阵,A21是直流或光伏接入节点与接地支路之间的关联矩阵;A22直流或光伏接入节点与节点连接支路之间的关联矩阵。A11是其余节点与接地支路之间的关联矩阵;A12是其余节点与节点连接支路之间的关联矩阵。In the formula: A is the correlation matrix, A 21 is the correlation matrix between the DC or photovoltaic access node and the grounding branch; A 22 is the correlation matrix between the DC or photovoltaic access node and the node connection branch. A 11 is an association matrix between other nodes and grounding branches; A 12 is an association matrix between other nodes and node connecting branches.
依据支路导纳矩阵和关联矩阵,分块矩阵形式的节点导纳矩阵Y可表示为:According to the branch admittance matrix and incidence matrix, the node admittance matrix Y in block matrix form can be expressed as:
分块矩阵形式的节点电压方程为The node voltage equation in block matrix form is
式中,UA和IA分别为光伏或直流接入节点的电压和注入电流,UL和IL分别为其余节点的电压和注入电流,Y11和Y22分别为其余节点和光伏或直流接入节点的自导纳,Y12和Y21分别为其余节点和光伏或直流接入节点的互导纳。In the formula, U A and I A are the voltage and injection current of photovoltaic or DC access nodes, U L and I L are the voltage and injection current of other nodes, respectively, Y 11 and Y 22 are the remaining nodes and photovoltaic or DC The self-admittance of the access node, Y 12 and Y 21 are the mutual admittance of the remaining nodes and the photovoltaic or DC access node, respectively.
3、选择光伏和直流接入节点作为研究节点,构造节点电流和电压之间包含回比矩阵的光伏集群直流外送系统闭环传递函数矩阵3. Select photovoltaic and DC access nodes as research nodes, and construct the closed-loop transfer function matrix of the photovoltaic cluster DC output system including the return ratio matrix between the node current and voltage
新能源并网系统的次同步振荡是由电力电子变换器引起的,因此选择光伏、直流接入节点作为研究节点,构造节点电流和电压之间包含回比矩阵的光伏集群直流外送系统闭环传递函数矩阵。The subsynchronous oscillation of the new energy grid-connected system is caused by the power electronic converter. Therefore, the photovoltaic and DC access nodes are selected as the research nodes, and the closed-loop transfer of the photovoltaic cluster DC output system with a return ratio matrix between the node current and voltage is constructed. function matrix.
式中,E为单位矩阵,Yd11是接地支路导纳的对角阵;Yd22是串联支路导纳的对角阵;为交流系统的阻抗矩阵;为光伏与直流系统的导纳矩阵。In the formula, E is the unit matrix, Y d11 is the diagonal matrix of the grounding branch admittance; Y d22 is the diagonal matrix of the series branch admittance; is the impedance matrix of the AC system; is the admittance matrix of photovoltaic and DC systems.
根据回比矩阵的定义,该系统闭环传递函数矩阵的回比矩阵为:According to the definition of the return ratio matrix, the return ratio matrix of the closed-loop transfer function matrix of the system is:
L(s)=ZLYA(6)L(s)=Z L Y A (6)
4、根据广义奈奎斯特判据,利用闭环传递回比矩阵的特征轨迹判断系统振荡稳定性4. According to the generalized Nyquist criterion, the characteristic trajectory of the closed-loop transfer-back ratio matrix is used to judge the oscillation stability of the system
根据广义奈奎斯特判据,当特征轨迹逆时针包围临界点(-1,j0)的净圈数等于回比矩阵L(s)在右半平面极点的个数时,系统是稳定的。According to the generalized Nyquist criterion, the system is stable when the number of net turns surrounding the critical point (-1, j0) in the counterclockwise direction of the characteristic trajectory is equal to the number of poles of the return ratio matrix L(s) in the right half plane.
该闭环系统的回比矩阵中,交流系统的阻抗矩阵ZL由系统的阻抗构成,无右半平面极点。假设各子系统独立运行时是稳定的,光伏与直流系统的导纳矩阵YA也无右半平面极点。因此,该系统稳定的充要条件是:回比矩阵L(s)特征轨迹不包围临界点(-1,j0)。In the return ratio matrix of the closed-loop system, the impedance matrix Z L of the AC system is composed of the impedance of the system, and there is no right-half-plane pole. Assuming that each subsystem is stable when operating independently, the admittance matrix Y A of the photovoltaic and DC systems also has no right-half-plane poles. Therefore, the necessary and sufficient condition for the stability of the system is: the characteristic trajectory of the echo ratio matrix L(s) does not surround the critical point (-1, j0).
需要注意的是,本方法假设各子系统独立运行时是稳定的,是指系统中各光伏、直流或交流系统独立运行稳定,而非等效后的电源子系统或负荷子系统。It should be noted that this method assumes that each subsystem is stable when it operates independently, which means that each photovoltaic, DC or AC system in the system operates independently and is stable, not the equivalent power supply subsystem or load subsystem.
5、算例分析5. Case analysis
以IEEE 9节点标准算例和CIGRE标准直流测试系统为基础,在PSCAD中搭建多光伏并网经直流外送的仿真场景。首先,将IEEE 9节点标准算例中各发电机节点同步发电机的同调机组设置为“4”,并调整系统负荷水平使系统的容量与CIGRE直流标准系统传输容量相匹配。CIGRE直流标准系统的整流侧连接于母线Bus8,将整流侧并联无功补偿装置增大为37.342uF,逆变侧的交流系统以理想电源代替,断开逆变侧的滤波和无功补偿装置。两级式光伏系统PV1和PV2分别在母线Bus5和Bus8处并网,其参数如表1所示。Based on the IEEE 9-node standard calculation example and the CIGRE standard DC test system, a simulation scene of multi-photovoltaic grid-connected grid-connected through DC output is built in PSCAD. First, set the coherent unit of synchronous generators of each generator node in the IEEE 9 node standard calculation example to "4", and adjust the system load level to match the system capacity with the CIGRE DC standard system transmission capacity. The rectification side of the CIGRE DC standard system is connected to bus Bus 8, and the parallel reactive power compensation device on the rectification side is increased to 37.342uF. The AC system on the inverter side is replaced by an ideal power supply, and the filter and reactive power compensation device on the inverter side are disconnected. The two-stage photovoltaic system PV1 and PV2 are connected to the grid at the busbar Bus5 and Bus8 respectively, and its parameters are shown in Table 1.
表1两级式光伏系统PV1和PV2参数Table 1 Two-stage photovoltaic system PV1 and PV2 parameters
在25s时,光伏系统PV2的内环电流控制PI环节比例系数由0.2减小为0.02,积分系数由20增大为53。At 25s, the proportional coefficient of the inner loop current control PI link of the photovoltaic system PV2 decreases from 0.2 to 0.02, and the integral coefficient increases from 20 to 53.
如图3所示,为多光伏并网直流外送系统的仿真结果,从母线Bus5的电压波形可以看出,多光伏并网直流外送系统在25s前保持稳定运行状态,扰动发生后,Bus5母线电压发生振荡,系统不能保持稳定运行的状态。如图4所示的Bus5母线电压快速傅里叶变换分析结果可以看出,在25s后母线Bus5的电压中不仅含有50Hz的工频分量,还有振荡频率为61Hz的分量。如图5所示,在25s光伏系统PV2的参数更改后,光伏系统PV2输出的有功功率等幅振荡。As shown in Figure 3, it is the simulation result of the multi-photovoltaic grid-connected DC external transmission system. From the voltage waveform of bus Bus5, it can be seen that the multi-photovoltaic grid-connected DC external transmission system maintains a stable operating state before 25s. After the disturbance occurs, Bus5 The bus voltage oscillates, and the system cannot maintain a stable operation state. As shown in Figure 4, it can be seen from the fast Fourier transform analysis results of Bus5 bus voltage that after 25s, the bus Bus5 voltage not only contains a power frequency component of 50Hz, but also a component with an oscillation frequency of 61Hz. As shown in Figure 5, after 25s the parameters of the photovoltaic system PV2 are changed, the active power output by the photovoltaic system PV2 oscillates with equal amplitude.
下面,基于“源-荷”系统的传统阻抗分析法对多光伏并网经直流外送系统进行稳定性分析。首先,将如图2所示的多光伏并网经直流外送系统等效为由电源子系统和负荷子系统构成的单输入单输出系统,如图6所示。根据系统功率流向,将虚框内的直流系统等效为负荷子系统,虚框外的部分等效为电源子系统。电源子系统和负荷子系统的输入/输出阻抗通过串、并联等方法计算得到。图中,IPi、ZPi(i=1,2)是光伏系统PV1和PV2的诺顿等效模型的电流源电流和并联阻抗;ID、ZD是直流系统诺顿等效模型的电流源电流和并联阻抗;ZF为直流系统整流侧换流母线上并联滤波装置与无功补偿装置的等效阻抗;US、ZS为交流系统戴维南等效模型的电压源电压和串联阻抗;Zj(j=1,2,…,5)是交流线路和变压器的等值阻抗。Next, based on the traditional impedance analysis method of the "source-load" system, the stability analysis of the multi-photovoltaic grid-connected DC external transmission system is carried out. First, the multi-photovoltaic grid-connected system shown in Figure 2 is equivalent to a single-input single-output system composed of a power supply subsystem and a load subsystem, as shown in Figure 6. According to the power flow direction of the system, the DC system inside the virtual frame is equivalent to the load subsystem, and the part outside the virtual frame is equivalent to the power subsystem. The input/output impedance of the power supply subsystem and the load subsystem is calculated by methods such as series connection and parallel connection. In the figure, I Pi and Z Pi (i=1,2) are the current source current and parallel impedance of the Norton equivalent model of photovoltaic system PV1 and PV2; I D and Z D are the current source current of the Norton equivalent model of the DC system and parallel impedance; Z F is the equivalent impedance of the parallel filter device and reactive power compensation device on the commutation bus on the rectification side of the DC system; U S and Z S are the voltage source voltage and series impedance of the Thevenin equivalent model of the AC system; Z j (j=1,2,...,5) is the equivalent impedance of the AC line and the transformer.
在仿真模型中,施加的扰动位于光伏系统PV2中,其并网点为振荡中心。根据等效原则,等效电源子系统包含光伏系统PV2,因此等效电源子系统内部含有不稳定极点。In the simulation model, the applied disturbance is located in the photovoltaic system PV2, and its grid-connected point is the oscillation center. According to the principle of equivalence, the equivalent power subsystem contains the photovoltaic system PV2, so the equivalent power subsystem contains unstable poles.
根据基于“源-荷”系统的传统阻抗分析法,图2所示多光伏并网经直流外送系统的稳定判据为上述电源子系统和负荷子系统的阻抗之比,如下式所示:According to the traditional impedance analysis method based on the "source-load" system, the stability criterion of the multi-photovoltaic grid-connected system shown in Figure 2 is the impedance ratio of the above-mentioned power supply subsystem and load subsystem, as shown in the following formula:
图7所示是上式所示“源-荷”子系统阻抗之比的奈奎斯特曲线。据图可知,奈奎斯特曲线未包围临界点(-1,j0)。因此,根据基于“源-荷”系统的传统阻抗分析法可知,该系统是稳定的。而由图3可知,系统在25s后无法保持稳定运行。可见,基于“源-荷”系统的传统阻抗分析法得到的稳定性分析结果与PSCAD仿真模型的仿真结果不符。所以,在多光伏并网经直流外送系统中,当等效子系统不满足独立稳定的条件时,基于“源-荷”系统的传统阻抗分析法将会得到错误的稳定性分析结果。Figure 7 shows the Nyquist curve of the impedance ratio of the "source-to-charge" subsystem shown in the above formula. It can be seen from the figure that the Nyquist curve does not surround the critical point (-1, j0). Therefore, the system is stable according to the traditional impedance analysis method based on the "source-charge" system. However, it can be seen from Figure 3 that the system cannot maintain stable operation after 25s. It can be seen that the stability analysis results obtained by the traditional impedance analysis method based on the "source-load" system do not match the simulation results of the PSCAD simulation model. Therefore, in the multi-PV grid-connected DC transmission system, when the equivalent subsystem does not meet the independent stability conditions, the traditional impedance analysis method based on the "source-load" system will get wrong stability analysis results.
根据多输入多输出系统阻抗分析法,能够写出该系统的回比矩阵,如下式所示:According to the impedance analysis method of the multiple-input multiple-output system, the return ratio matrix of the system can be written, as shown in the following formula:
回比矩阵L2(s)是三维满秩方阵,因此图2所示光伏分散接入直流送端系统有三个特征函数l1(s)、l2(s)和l3(s),对应三条特征轨迹l1、l2和l3。根据特征函数l1(s)、l2(s)和l3(s)绘制奈奎斯特曲线,如图8所示。The return ratio matrix L 2 (s) is a three-dimensional full-rank square matrix, so the photovoltaic decentralized access DC sending end system shown in Figure 2 has three characteristic functions l1(s), l2(s) and l3(s), corresponding to three characteristics Tracks l1, l2 and l3. Draw the Nyquist curve according to the characteristic functions l1(s), l2(s) and l3(s), as shown in Figure 8.
据图8可知,特征轨迹l1集中在原点附近和复平面虚轴右侧,该特征轨迹表示的所有极点都是稳定的;特征轨迹l2逆时针包围临界点(-1,j0)一圈,且穿越频率为63.8Hz;特征轨迹l3逆时针包围临界点(-1,j0)一圈,顺时针包围临界点(-1,j0)一圈,净包围圈数为0。根据阻抗分析结果可知,在光伏系统PV2的参数更改后,多光伏并网经直流外送系统不能保持稳定运行,PV2并网点电压发生振荡,振荡频率在63.8Hz左右。It can be seen from Fig. 8 that the characteristic trajectory l1 is concentrated near the origin and on the right side of the imaginary axis of the complex plane, and all the poles represented by the characteristic trajectory are stable; the characteristic trajectory l2 surrounds the critical point (-1, j0) in a circle counterclockwise, and The crossing frequency is 63.8 Hz; the characteristic trajectory l3 surrounds the critical point (-1, j0) counterclockwise and surrounds the critical point (-1, j0) clockwise, and the net number of encircling circles is 0. According to the impedance analysis results, after the PV2 parameters are changed, the multi-PV grid-connected system cannot maintain stable operation through the DC output system, and the PV2 grid-connected point voltage oscillates, and the oscillation frequency is about 63.8Hz.
多光伏并网经直流外送系统阻抗分析的结果和PSCAD仿真模型的仿真结果基本一致,这说明本文提出的基于广义奈奎斯特判据的阻抗分析法能够准确分析多输入多输出系统的稳定性。The results of the impedance analysis of the multi-photovoltaic grid-connected DC external transmission system are basically consistent with the simulation results of the PSCAD simulation model, which shows that the impedance analysis method based on the generalized Nyquist criterion proposed in this paper can accurately analyze the stability of the multi-input and multi-output system. sex.
实施例二Embodiment two
本实施例提供了一种基于多端口矩阵的光伏集群直流外送振荡分析系统,包括:This embodiment provides a photovoltaic cluster DC external transmission oscillation analysis system based on a multi-port matrix, including:
节点支路分类模块,用于基于光伏集群直流外送系统的拓扑结构,构建等效多输入多输出端口网络,依据类型对节点和支路分别进行分类;The node branch classification module is used to construct an equivalent multi-input multi-output port network based on the topology structure of the photovoltaic cluster DC output system, and classify the nodes and branches according to the type;
分块节点电压方程构建模块,用于依据节点分类结果和支路分类结果形成分块节点导纳矩阵,构建分块矩阵形式的节点电压方程;The block node voltage equation building module is used to form a block node admittance matrix according to the node classification result and the branch classification result, and construct a block node voltage equation in the form of a block matrix;
闭环传递函数矩阵构建模块,被配置为选择光伏和直流接入节点作为研究节点,构造节点电流和电压之间包含回比矩阵的光伏集群直流外送系统闭环传递函数矩阵;The closed-loop transfer function matrix construction module is configured to select the photovoltaic and DC access nodes as the research nodes, and construct the closed-loop transfer function matrix of the photovoltaic cluster DC output system including the return ratio matrix between the node current and voltage;
系统振荡分析模块,用于根据广义奈奎斯特判据,利用闭环传递函数矩阵的回比矩阵的特征轨迹判断系统振荡稳定性。The system oscillation analysis module is used for judging the system oscillation stability by using the characteristic track of the return ratio matrix of the closed-loop transfer function matrix according to the generalized Nyquist criterion.
上述模块与对应的步骤所实现的示例和应用场景相同,但不限于上述实施例一所公开的内容。需要说明的是,上述模块作为系统的一部分可以在诸如一组计算机可执行指令的计算机系统中执行。The examples and application scenarios implemented by the above modules and corresponding steps are the same, but are not limited to the content disclosed in the first embodiment above. It should be noted that, as a part of the system, the above-mentioned modules can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions.
上述实施例中对各个实施例的描述各有侧重,某个实施例中没有详述的部分可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。The description of each embodiment in the foregoing embodiments has its own emphases, and for parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to relevant descriptions of other embodiments.
所提出的系统,可以通过其他的方式实现。例如以上所描述的系统实施例仅仅是示意性的,例如上述模块的划分,仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分,实际实现时,可以有另外的划分方式,例如多个模块可以结合或者可以集成到另外一个系统,或一些特征可以忽略,或不执行。The proposed system can be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described system embodiments are only illustrative. For example, the division of the above modules is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, for example, multiple modules can be combined or integrated into another A system, or some feature, can be ignored, or not implemented.
实施例三Embodiment three
本实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,该程序被处理器执行时实现如上述实施例一所述的基于多端口矩阵的光伏集群直流外送振荡分析方法中的步骤。This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, the multi-port matrix-based photovoltaic cluster DC output oscillation analysis method described in the first embodiment is implemented. A step of.
实施例四Embodiment four
本实施例提供了一种计算机设备,包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序,所述处理器执行所述程序时实现如上述实施例一所述的基于多端口矩阵的光伏集群直流外送振荡分析方法中的步骤。This embodiment provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and operable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the above-mentioned first embodiment based on Steps in the analysis method for DC external transmission oscillation of photovoltaic cluster with multi-port matrix.
本领域内的技术人员应明白,本发明的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此,本发明可采用硬件实施例、软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且,本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器和光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the present invention can take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage and optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器,使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It should be understood that each procedure and/or block in the flowchart and/or block diagram, and a combination of procedures and/or blocks in the flowchart and/or block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or processor of other programmable data processing equipment to produce a machine such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing equipment produce a An apparatus for realizing the functions specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中,使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品,该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions The device realizes the function specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上,使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理,从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, causing a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby The instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flow chart or blocks of the flowchart and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程,是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成,所述的程序可存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中,该程序在执行时,可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。其中,所述的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(Read-Only Memory,ROM)或随机存储记忆体(Random AccessMemory,RAM)等。Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented through computer programs to instruct related hardware, and the programs can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. During execution, it may include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Wherein, the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM) or a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) and the like.
上述虽然结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行了描述,但并非对本发明保护范围的限制,所属领域技术人员应该明白,在本发明的技术方案的基础上,本领域技术人员不需要付出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围以内。Although the specific implementation of the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay creative work Various modifications or variations that can be made are still within the protection scope of the present invention.
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CN116505520A (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-07-28 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Method and system for suppressing oscillation of photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system |
CN117996712A (en) * | 2024-04-07 | 2024-05-07 | 广东电网有限责任公司珠海供电局 | Method and device for determining stability of direct current power distribution system |
CN118920508A (en) * | 2024-07-18 | 2024-11-08 | 广州蓝蕊电子有限公司 | Photovoltaic grid-connected power generation control method and related device based on cloud platform |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN116505520A (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-07-28 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Method and system for suppressing oscillation of photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system |
CN116505520B (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-11-07 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | A method and system for oscillation suppression of photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system |
CN117996712A (en) * | 2024-04-07 | 2024-05-07 | 广东电网有限责任公司珠海供电局 | Method and device for determining stability of direct current power distribution system |
CN118920508A (en) * | 2024-07-18 | 2024-11-08 | 广州蓝蕊电子有限公司 | Photovoltaic grid-connected power generation control method and related device based on cloud platform |
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