CN115697447A - 气道面罩脚踏板装置 - Google Patents
气道面罩脚踏板装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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Abstract
本发明属于医学和呼吸面罩领域。它是一种心肺复苏设备,通过足部或压缩机控制的波纹管机构提供辅助通气。该装置解放了用于压缩传统自充气气道面罩袋单元(AMBU)的手,从而可以用空闲的手将面罩贴在患者脸上,减少手动压缩产生的机械疲劳目前的机制。该装置附在通气面罩上,可以配备频率计,并与包括传统心肺复苏设备在内的附件兼容;它内部有一个阀门,用于控制氧气罐的填充以及释放氧气以供应给患者的时间。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医学或兽医学领域;涉及卫生、呼吸或麻醉面罩,特别是涉及心肺复苏装置,其目的是通过由脚部控制的波纹管机构为患者提供辅助通气。该机构解放了经常用于压缩传统自充气袋或AMBU(气道面罩袋单元)的手,以便用于正确调整患者脸上的面罩并确保适当的密封,以及减少由当前机制执行的手动压缩产生的机械疲劳。该装置与传统的通气面罩相连,内部有一个阀门,用于控制储氧罐的填充以及释放氧气以供应给患者的时间。
背景技术
常规通气通常在心肺复苏的情况下进行,并且在大多数情况下使用自动充气袋系统,也称为AMBU(气道面罩袋单元),它连接到面罩,允许空气从从气囊进入呼吸道,但是,需要着重说明的是,为了实现有效的通气,有必要在面罩和患者面部之间形成良好的密封,这是通过将双手放在面罩周围来实现的,从而为下颌的牵引留出空间。同样,为了使空气进入面罩,应对气囊进行充分充气,每次所需通气时按压气囊。当前的设备并未设计为同时最佳地保证两种功能的性能,因为为了确保面罩的充分密封,有必要在患者的面部和气囊上执行双手操作,以保证面罩的稳定性并避免空气损失。当需要给气囊充气时,操作者必须将一只手从面罩上移开,以压下装有该机构的气囊并将空气送入呼吸道,从而使面罩与鼻腔和口腔之间的适当密封失效,在大多数情况下会导致空气泄漏和通气效果的丧失。
在负责进行通气的卫生专业人员没有接受过充分培训的情况下,如果在个人的气道上同时进行操作,或者即使患者有与通气困难相关的因素,这些故障甚至更为普遍。同样,在心肺复苏的情况下,正确定位面罩和同时进行长时间气囊充气过程中所涉及的体力劳动,会导致操作员随着时间的流逝而做出更大的机械努力,这会加重身体损耗,并可能在过程中产生更多错误。
相关背景方面,2016年5月18日公开的专利申请EP3020439A1“通风装置和操作通风装置的方法(Ventilation Device and Method for Operation a Ventilator)”,持有人为Vera Seifert,展示了一种呼吸设备,包括呼吸袋,该呼吸袋具有至少一个含氧气体入口阀、含氧气体出口阀、呼吸元件和包括脚踏板的机构驱动装置。脚踏板可以配置为杠杆、按钮、开关、摇杆、压力机、钳子或这些的任意组合。也可以将脚部控制装置和复苏袋设计为波纹管。当操作所有上述实施例时,用脚进行直线或弓形(抬升)运动。本发明涉及一种呼吸装置和方法,其目的是便于操作手动复苏器和AMBU呼吸袋,主要是在提供治疗时,通过设计为多种配置的踏板的致动器元件以便于释放至少一只手,用于压下设有氧气入口和出口阀门的呼吸器袋子。主要区别之一在于现有技术没有描O2储存袋,而是提到O2是通过O2入口和出口阀直接供应的。
发明EP302020439A1的权利要求包括用于手动复苏的设备的完整系统。另一方面,本发明描述了一种独特的配件,它可以替代救生袋,包括一个踏板操作的柔性波纹管机构,该机构最初提供空气,但由于与市场上现有的面罩和不同的阀门兼容,它可以将其与压力阀连接,从而与O2储气袋连接。此外,它还有一个阀门系统,其中包括一个闸门,以确保正确填充O2储存袋。
还有2008年4月17日公布的专利申请号US20080087285A“救生包的可调节多功能背带”,它显示了一种用于救生包的可调节多功能背带,连接到救生包并且可以调节到更紧或更松。背带可以将单只手掌固定在救生包上,从而可以单手操作救生,另一只手操作面罩按压患者的颌部,因此以有效地达到救援目的。此外,背带还可以让救生包单手携带或挂在墙上作为靠背。在这种背景下,带子可以更牢固地握住救生包,但是,由于手部运动压缩袋子而产生的机械磨损仍然存在,同样,仅用一只手握住患者的面罩并不能保证适当的密封的面罩。新发明是心肺复苏装置的一部分,旨在通过由脚部控制的波纹管机构为患者提供辅助通气;它提供了一种新的机制,通过气门在装置中填充空气踏板,该气门反过来控制从储气袋和外部供应进入面罩的氧气入口。
本发明旨在用作替代手动复苏袋的附件,但与其他现有附件兼容,例如面罩、压力阀、供氧连接等,也适用于外部供氧或仅与环境空气供应一起使用。
此外,2016年3月10日公布的专利申请US20160067435A1,“咽内气道设备和工具包及使用方法(Endopharyngeal Airway Device and Kit and Method of Use)”,展示了一种套件,用于在需要清醒镇静监测麻醉护理(MAC)的外科手术过程中,存在气道阻塞风险而无法使用当前麻醉技术进行正常通气的患者进行通气。包括一个单腔内咽鼻管,其远端有一个眼形开口,一个圆柱形近端用作麻醉应用的适配器,例如通过改进的救生包或其他各种麻醉应用进行气道正压。与鼻管远端相邻的是呼气末二氧化碳监测端口(ETCO2)。在柔性鼻通气管的远端是一个眼孔,允许空气流到后咽部。该套件还包括一个改进的救生包,它允许在手术过程中控制气流到患者。
本背景讨论了对手术过程中需要部分意识的患者的麻醉输送系统的改进,特别是为气道阻塞患者设计的。该设备旨在改善患者身上的空气流动和方向,没有自动充气控制系统,并与正压设备一起使用。此外,背景需要一种插管,这在心肺复苏中不是必需的,并且专注于改进具有部分意识状态的麻醉程序。它的设计没有具体说明如何确保患者面部的密封,也没有减少由于压缩充气袋而导致的肌肉疲劳,这些都是新发明提出的解决方案。
发明描述
附图说明了本发明在所提出的用于气道面罩的脚踏式充气装置内的提出范围。
图1显示了用于气道面罩的脚踏式充气装置的侧视图。
图2显示了面罩及其与阀机构的连接的放大侧视图。
图3显示了面罩的放大侧视图及其与储罐的关系以及脚踏式吹气器的开放连接。
图4显示了踏板充气单元的侧视图。
图5显示了阀机构(3)的侧视图和控制环境空气进气的阀门的关闭状态。
图6显示了阀机构(3)的侧视图和控制环境空气进气的阀门的打开状态。
图7显示了阀机构(3)的图示以及致动器与阀门(3d)的关系。
本发明是一种用于气道面罩的脚踏式充气装置,该气道面罩是心肺复苏装置的一部分,其目的是通过脚部控制的波纹管机构为患者提供辅助通气。该机构解放了经常用于压缩传统救护袋的手,以便用于正确调整患者面部的面罩并确保适当的密封,还可以减少使用当前机制进行手动压缩时产生的机械疲劳。
该装置与传统的气道面罩相连,内部有五个主要部分:控制储罐填充和释放氧气以供应给患者的时刻的阀机构、密封面罩、储罐、踏板和踏板连接管。
该装置包括具有周边密封(1a)的面罩(1),该面罩放置在患者的面部上,当按压时在面部和面罩(1)之间产生气密密封。联轴器(2)通过连接器(2a)将面罩(1)连接到阀机构(3),连接器(2a)还具有压力测量装置(2c)以指示注入空气的压力和垂直连接器(2b)将压力测量装置(2c)调整到连接器(2a)。
阀机构(3)通过接头(3c)连接到踏板管(5),其中接头(3c)具有闸门(3a),当压力足以升高闸门(3a)时,该闸门控制来自踏板管(5)和储罐(4)的空气通道。
阀机构(3)通过储罐接头(4a)连接到储罐(4),储罐中储存的氧气从外部给药装置流出并连接到将氧气引导到储罐(4)和阀机构(3)的气门(3b)。波纹管踏板(6)连接到踏板管(5),当踩下踏板管(5)时,会产生一股气流,通过踏板管(5)流向接头(3c),闸门(3a)位于接头(3c)上,闸门(3a)升高,允许由波纹管踏板(6)产生的空气与来自储罐(4)的氧气以及来自外部源的氧气通过气门(3b)混合;该空气混合物通过联轴器(2)被引导至面罩(1),并以这种方式通过紧紧地固定在患者脸上的面罩(1)供应给患者。
因此,通过促进双手在将面罩(1)固定在患者面部的操作中的使用,保证了更好的氧气传输并因此保证了心肺复苏过程。相反,当波纹管踏板(6)没有被压下时,闸门(3a)保持静止,这有利于用通过气门(3b)进入的外部源的氧气填充储罐(4)。
如图4显示了波纹管踏板(6)和将其连接到踏板管(5)的连接件(6a),该踏板管将空气引导到接头(3c)以分配到设备的其余部分。
闸门(3a)内部是中空的,并具有一个阀门(3d),该阀门(3d)控制环境空气通过接头(3c)进入踏板管(5)并最终到达波纹管踏板(6)。这样,波纹管踏板(6)将具有必要的流体,用于将氧气从储罐推回面罩(1)。当波纹管踏板(6)被压下时,阀门(3d)关闭,因为连接到阀门(3d)的致动器(3e)依次被阀机构(3)的内壁压下,如图5所示,通过如图5所示的机械、液压、气动或电子锁定机构产生阀门(3d)的关闭,如图7所示。在图6中,致动器(3e)显示为释放状态,这发生在波纹管踏板(6)未按下时,因此,当致动器(3e)释放时,阀门(3d)打开并允许环境空气通过接头(3c)进入,然后通过踏板管(5)最终到达波纹管踏板(6)。阀门(3d)具有传统的和市售的杂质过滤器,可防止不需要的颗粒进入。
在本发明的一个实施例中,该设备具有频率计(7)和用于将频率信号可视化的LED显示器(8)和将数据传输到外部显示器并允许估计频率和通气量的信号发送器(9)。通过连续测量呼出的CO2来帮助患者减少呼吸性酸中毒而不产生气压伤的反应;这反过来又用于测量呼吸频率和氧饱和度SP02的测量,这在估计心率时也很有用。
当患者在地板上并且由于医护人员的位置而不能致动波纹管踏板(6)时,致动压缩机(10),该压缩机积聚空气并随后以同步方式向患者释放该空气,即充气是基于不同传感器的测量自动进行的。
气道面罩袋单元(AMBU)通气必须保持足够的全身氧合,以维持基础身体需求和血流动力学稳定性。因此,新发明的气道面罩脚踏式充气装置提供了一种通气解决方案,使操作者能够获得有利的位置来进行面罩(1)的密封和气囊充气,以实现有效的通气,降低阻力。通过改善人体工程学来执行操作,从而减少新鲜气体的进入和排出,并减少系统中空气的过度损失和负责的卫生专业人员的体力劳动。
Claims (5)
1.用于气道面罩的脚踏式充气装置,其特征在于,五个主要部分:第一部分是面罩(1),具有位于患者面部一侧的周边密封(1a);以及通过连接器(2a)将面罩(1)与阀机构(3)连接的联轴器(2);第二部分是阀机构(3),其具有用于指示注入空气时的压力的压力测量装置(2c)、具有将压力测量装置(2c)调节到连接器(2a)的垂直连接器(2b)、具有用于外部氧气接入的气门(3b)、频率计(7)和具有用于连接到储罐(4)的储罐接头(4a);其中阀机构(3)通过接头(3c)连接到踏板管(5),该接头(3c)具有控制来自踏板管(5)的空气通过的闸门(3a),并连接到储罐(4);第三部分是储罐(4),其在当压力足以升高闸门(3a)时运行;第四部分是波纹管踏板(6)或压缩机(10),用于提供必要的流体来推动氧气从储罐进入面罩(1),该面罩(1)连接到第五部分;第五部分是踏板管(5),其相对端连接到阀机构(3),因此当波纹管踏板(6)被踩下时,产生一股气流,通过踏板管(5)流向接头(3c),闸门(3a)位于接头(3c)上,闸门(3a)上升允许由波纹管踏板(6)产生的空气或由压缩机(10)产生的空气与来自储罐(4)的氧气以及来自外部源的氧气混合并通过气门(3b)进入。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于气道面罩的脚踏式充气装置,其特征在于,所述阀机构(3)通过储罐接头(4a)连接到储罐(4),其中储罐储存从外部给药装置流出的氧气并连接至气门(3b)将氧气输送到储罐(4)和阀机构(3)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于气道面罩的脚踏式充气装置,其特征在于,所述闸门(3a)内部是中空的,并且具有阀门(3d),所述阀门(3d)控制环境空气通过接头(3c)进入,所述接头(3c)由踏板管(5)承载,最终到达波纹管踏板(6)-
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于气道面罩的脚踏式充气装置,其特征在于,所述阀机构(3)具有致动器(3e),致动器(3e)通过机械、液压、气动或电子类型的锁定机构和传统的微粒过滤器连接到阀门(3d),其中致动器(3e)又被阀机构(3)的内壁压下。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于气道面罩的脚踏式充气装置,其特征在于,所述频率计(7)具有用于显示频率信号的LED显示器(8)和将数据传输到外部显示器的信号发送器(9),通过连续测量呼出的二氧化碳来估计患者的频率和通气反应。
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