CN115694086A - Middle-arranged motor of electric bicycle - Google Patents
Middle-arranged motor of electric bicycle Download PDFInfo
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- CN115694086A CN115694086A CN202211348164.4A CN202211348164A CN115694086A CN 115694086 A CN115694086 A CN 115694086A CN 202211348164 A CN202211348164 A CN 202211348164A CN 115694086 A CN115694086 A CN 115694086A
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- middle shaft
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Abstract
The invention discloses a middle motor of an electric bicycle, which comprises an outer shell part, an output assembly and a Hall motor, wherein the output assembly comprises a middle shaft, a sensor assembly and a thrust assembly; the outer shell part is used for penetrating and rotating the middle shaft, the sensor assembly is used for recording and outputting the rotating torque and the rotating speed of the middle shaft, the middle shaft drives the external gear wheel set to rotate in a one-way synchronous mode through the rotation of the coaxially arranged one-way ratchet wheel, and the thrust assembly is used for transmitting the axial thrust of the middle shaft; the motor shaft where the Hall motor is located is used as output, and the secondary gear is used for reducing speed to drive the large gear set located on the outer side to carry out synchronous transmission. The magnetic ring that sets up in this device's axis can make two switch hall element on the PCB board in the sensor assembly response magnetic field's the situation of change when rotating, and output and axis rotational speed are directly proportional pulse, owing to used two switch hall element simultaneously, so can also judge centraxonial direction of rotation to accomplish the detection of axis rotational speed and steering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric power-assisted bicycles, and particularly relates to a torque type middle-mounted motor of an electric bicycle.
Background
The middle-mounted motor is widely applied to the field of electric bicycles at present, and through simple installation of the middle-mounted motor and a bicycle body, the electric control driving of a common bicycle can be realized, the proportional control of manpower and electric power can also be realized, and perfect man-machine coordination is achieved.
The middle motor which is similar to the patent and can simply modify a common bicycle into an electric bicycle is also available before, but basically mainly takes a speed type as a main part, although few parts are also torque type, the structure is complex, the reliability and the stability are poor, the strength can not reach the standard of a European bicycle middle shaft fatigue test, and the middle motor is difficult to meet the requirement of mass production.
The existing torque sensing is roughly in the form of: slip ring, induction, phase difference, chain tension. These methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, such as: the slip ring type structure is simple, but belongs to a contact type, the sliding friction influences the service life, and the surface carbon deposition influences the performance and the reliability; the induction type response is fast, but the signal is weak and the stability is poor; the phase difference type signal is stable, but the mechanical structure is complex, and zero starting cannot be achieved; the chain tension type structure is the simplest and the cost is the lowest, but the chain tension type structure can not be used for detecting pure torque and can only be called as quasi-moment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a middle-arranged motor of an electric bicycle, which solves the technical problems in the prior art.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a middle motor of an electric bicycle comprises an outer shell part, an output component and a Hall motor,
the output assembly comprises a middle shaft, a sensor assembly and a thrust assembly; the outer shell part is used for positioning the middle shaft and installing the sensor assembly;
the sensor assembly detects and outputs the rotation torque and the rotation speed of the middle shaft, the one-way ratchet wheel piece is connected with the middle shaft through coaxial spiral inclined teeth, when the middle shaft drives the external gear wheel set to rotate in a one-way synchronous mode through the rotation of the one-way ratchet wheel piece, the middle shaft generates inward thrust, and the thrust assembly transmits the thrust to the pressure pad on the sensor assembly, so that the purpose of detecting the torque of the middle shaft is achieved;
and a motor shaft where the Hall motor is positioned is used as output, and the secondary gear is used for reducing speed to drive the large gear set positioned on the outer side to carry out synchronous transmission.
Further, the sensor assembly comprises a PCB, a sensor bracket and a pressure gasket;
the sensor bracket is used as a fixed framework and is used for mounting a PCB (printed Circuit Board), a positioning pressure gasket and an axial positioning magnetic ring; the sensor assembly is integrally fixed on the outer shell, and the middle shaft penetrates through the outer shell to rotate and output.
Furthermore, the side at pressure gasket place is pasted with the strain resistor, half-bridge or full-bridge are constituteed to the strain resistor, take place deformation when rotating along with the axis through the pressure gasket, detect the moment when the axis rotates.
Furthermore, a magnetic ring is coaxially arranged on the middle shaft, N groups of magnetic poles are arranged on the magnetic ring along the outer diameter, and N is 6-36 groups;
meanwhile, two first switch Hall elements are arranged on the PCB, the magnetic ring is driven by the middle shaft to rotate to generate magnetic field change, and the first switch Hall elements generate corresponding output pulses after sensing the magnetic field change, so that the rotating speed of the middle shaft can be detected through any one of the first switch Hall elements.
Furthermore, the first switch Hall elements are adjacently distributed according to the magnetic pole movement direction of the magnetic ring, two output pulses are generated, and the rotation direction of the middle shaft can be judged by judging the sequence of the two output pulses.
Furthermore, the middle shaft is coaxially and mutually meshed with the spiral inner helical teeth of the ratchet wheel piece through the spiral outer helical teeth, and synchronous transmission is realized;
meanwhile, a unidirectional jack is arranged on the periphery of the ratchet wheel piece, when the pedal drives the middle shaft to rotate towards the front direction with force, the jack on the ratchet wheel piece drives the external gear wheel set to rotate synchronously, and when the middle shaft rotates towards the rear direction, the jack on the ratchet wheel piece is separated from the synchronous rotation of the gear wheel set.
Further, the middle shaft is installed to the two end portions with the center as symmetry: the oil seal, the clamp spring, the bearing and the thrust bearing;
when the middle shaft transmits the pedal force to the bull gear set, the thrust bearing ensures that the bearing is prevented from generating a rightward axial force by the middle shaft;
the clamp spring is used for axially positioning the middle shaft, and when the middle shaft generates a rightward axial force, a leftward reaction force is generated to ensure that the middle shaft cannot move rightward;
the oil seal ensures the waterproof performance of the end part of the middle shaft.
Furthermore, the thrust assembly comprises a thrust roller pin and a plurality of groups of thrust gaskets, wherein the thrust roller pin and the thrust gaskets are coaxially arranged in a laminated manner, and the thrust roller pin is positioned between any 2 adjacent thrust gaskets.
Further, a motor shaft where the Hall motor is located serves as output;
the rotor magnetic pole of the Hall motor is higher than the end face of the stator by at least 3mm, the stator is integrally wrapped by a shell where the Hall motor is located, a second switch Hall element which is tightly attached to and faces the rotor magnetic pole is arranged on the surface of the magnetic pole, which is higher than the end face of the stator, of the rotor magnetic pole, and the 3 second switch Hall elements are welded on a PCB to form a complete and independent assembly and are fixed on an end cover of the Hall motor.
Furthermore, the side position where the outer shell component is located is set to be a cavity, and the cavity hides the redundant part of the outgoing line or the external plug-in, so that the function and the appearance are improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. when the magnetic ring arranged on the middle shaft of the device rotates along with the middle shaft, 2 first Hall elements on the PCB board can induce the change condition of the magnetic field, and therefore the rotating speed of the middle shaft can be detected.
2. The strain resistor arranged on the pressure gasket of the device detects the torque of the center shaft when the pressure gasket rotates along with the deformation of the center shaft when the center shaft rotates through the torque force change of the center shaft rotation.
3. 3 second switch Hall elements for detecting the position of a rotor on the Hall motor of the device are welded on a PCB and are all arranged on a plastic bracket to form a complete independent component. The assembly is arranged on the end cover of the Hall motor through two screws, and the mounting hole of the assembly is designed to be long waist-shaped, so that the assembly can be used for adjusting the relative position between the Hall element of the second switch and the stator slot, and the maximum performance of the motor is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall explosive structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sensor assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of a thrust assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a ratchet member according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a partially unfolded structure of the motor according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the invention provides a mid-motor of an electric bicycle, which includes an outer shell member 1, an output assembly 2, and a hall motor 3. As shown in fig. 2, the output assembly 2 includes a central shaft 21, a sensor assembly 22, and a thrust assembly 23, the sensor assembly 22 includes a PCB 221, a sensor bracket 222, and a pressure pad 223, the sensor bracket 222 is used as a fixing frame for mounting the PCB 221, the pressure pad 223, and the axial positioning magnetic ring 201. The PCB 221 is mounted directly on the sensor holder 222 (in this case 3 plastic bosses pressed against the PCB 221 by hot-pressing).
The sensor assembly 22 is integrally fixed to the outer housing member 1, and the center shaft 21 rotates and outputs. At this time, the side where the pressure gasket 223 is located is provided with the strain resistor 2231 (two sides are alternately distributed), the strain resistor 2231 may be a half-bridge or full-bridge structure, and the moment when the middle shaft 21 rotates is detected through the deformation of the pressure gasket 223 when rotating along with the middle shaft 21.
A magnetic ring 201 is coaxially arranged on the middle shaft 21, the magnetic ring 201 is provided with N groups of magnetic poles along the outer diameter, N is 6-36 groups, each group of magnetic poles of the magnetic ring 201 are radially distributed outwards along the axis of the middle shaft 21 (the magnetic ring 201 on the middle shaft 21 is embedded in a middle cavity where the sensor support 222 is positioned during assembly, and the shell protects the outside); meanwhile, two first switch hall elements (2211A and 2211B respectively) are arranged on the PCB 221, the magnetic field change is generated when the middle shaft 21 drives the magnetic ring 201 to rotate, 2 first switch hall elements generate corresponding output pulses after sensing the magnetic field change, and the frequency of the pulses represents the rotating speed of the middle shaft 21.
The two first switch hall elements are adjacently distributed according to the magnetic pole movement direction of the magnetic ring 201, so that two output pulses can be generated, and the middle shaft 21 can be judged to rotate forwards or backwards by judging the sequence of the two output pulses.
As shown in fig. 4, when the middle shaft 21 rotates, the helical external helical teeth 211 are engaged with corresponding teeth in the middle of the ratchet member 24 to realize synchronous transmission, and a unidirectional jack 241 is arranged on the periphery of the ratchet member 24, so that when the middle shaft 21 is driven to rotate forward by foot pedal force, the jack 241 on the ratchet member 24 drives the external large gear set 25 to rotate synchronously, the external side of the large gear set 25 is coaxially engaged with the dental disc assembly 26, and the middle shaft 21 rotates at this time and is driven to rotate by the chain on the dental disc assembly 26. The jack 241 on the ratchet member 24 disengages the synchronous rotation of the large gear set 25 when the bottom bracket 21 is rotated in the rearward direction.
The left end of the middle shaft 21 is respectively provided with: oil seal 2122, clamp spring 2121, bearing 212 and thrust bearing 2123.
The left end of the middle shaft 21 is supported by a bearing 212, the outer side of the bearing seat 212 is positioned by a clamp spring 2121, and when the middle shaft 21 generates a rightward axial force, a leftward reaction force is generated to ensure that the middle shaft 21 does not move rightward. The oil seal 2122 on the left side of the circlip 2121 is used for water proofing, and the thrust bearing 2123 is installed on the right side of the bearing 212, because when the middle shaft 21 transmits the pedal force to the large gear set 25, the middle shaft 21 generates a large rightward axial force, and the thrust bearing 2123 can ensure that the bearing 212 is protected from the axial force, so that the bearing 212 is not damaged due to the large axial force.
The right end part of the middle shaft 21 is also provided with another group of snap springs, and the sensor component 22, the thrust component 23, the ratchet wheel component 24, a plurality of groups of types of bearing components and gaskets which are sleeved on the middle part of the middle shaft 21 are all firmly sleeved together. Thrust assembly 23 includes thrust roller 231 and a plurality of thrust washer 232, thrust roller 231 and thrust washer 232 set up each other on top of each other to make thrust roller 231 be located between any two thrust washers 232, and thrust assembly 23's effect is: the axial force of the middle shaft 21 can be transmitted to the pressure gasket 223, and the radial force of the middle shaft 21 can be prevented from being transmitted to the pressure gasket 223 to cause the damage of the sensor assembly 22.
When the bicycle is pedalled by hand, power is transmitted to the crankset assembly 26 by:
middle shaft → ratchet piece → 3 jacks on the ratchet piece → ratchet teeth in the inner ring of the bull gear set → spline on the inner ring of the bull gear set → crankset.
Due to the action and reaction forces of the central shaft 21 and the ratchet member 24, and the helical tooth connection of the two, the ratchet member 24 is forced to the left, which is proportional to the pedaling force.
The left side force of the ratchet member 24 is applied to the pressure pad by:
the ratchet wheel piece → the thrust gasket → the needle roller assembly → the thrust gasket → the pressure gasket;
namely, the pedal drives the rotation of the central shaft 21, so as to drive the synchronous rotation of the ratchet wheel piece 24 coaxially sleeved with the central shaft 21, and the force applied to the pressure pad 223 is in direct proportion to the pedal force, so that the pedal force can be detected through the strain resistor on the pressure pad 223, and the moment of the central shaft 21 can be detected.
Because the surface of the magnetic ring 201 is tightly adhered to the 2 first switch hall elements 2211A and 2211B on the PCB 221, the change of the magnetic field on the magnetic ring 201 can be easily induced (at this time, a certain distance is generated between the two groups of first switch hall elements 2211A and 2211B), so that the rotation frequency of the middle shaft 21 is detected, the speed of the middle shaft 21 is detected, meanwhile, the 2 first switch hall elements 2211A and 2211B are adjacently distributed along the magnetic pole movement direction of the magnetic ring 201, two output pulses are generated, and the middle shaft 21 can be easily judged to be in forward rotation or reverse rotation by judging the sequence of the two output pulses.
As shown in fig. 5, a motor shaft 31 where the hall motor 3 is located is used as an output, and the large gear set 25 located at the outer side is driven to synchronously transmit through the speed reduction of the secondary gear.
The rotor magnetic pole 33 of the Hall motor 3 is higher than the right end face of the stator 32 by at least 3mm, the stator 32 is integrally wrapped by the shell, 3 second switch Hall elements 301A, 301B and 301C (and 301A, 301B and 301C are adjacently distributed) which are tightly attached to and face the rotor magnetic pole 33 are arranged on the magnetic pole surface of the rotor magnetic pole 33 higher than the right end face of the stator 32, and the 3 second switch Hall elements are welded on the PCB 221 and are installed on a plastic support to form a complete independent assembly. The assembly is arranged on the end cover on the right side of the Hall motor 3 through two screws, and the mounting hole of the assembly is designed to be long waist-shaped, so that the assembly can be used for adjusting the relative position between the Hall element of the second switch and the stator slot where the stator 32 is located, and the maximum performance of the Hall motor 3 is ensured.
The side position where the outer shell member 1 is located is set to be the cavity 101, and the cavity 101 can hide redundant parts of outgoing lines or external inserts and the like, so that functions and appearances are improved.
Claims (10)
1. A middle motor of an electric bicycle comprises an outer shell part, an output component and a Hall motor, and is characterized in that,
the output assembly comprises a middle shaft, a sensor assembly and a thrust assembly; the outer shell part is used for positioning the middle shaft and installing the sensor assembly;
the sensor assembly detects and outputs the rotation torque and the rotation speed of the middle shaft, the one-way ratchet wheel piece is connected with the middle shaft through coaxial spiral inclined teeth, when the middle shaft drives the external gear wheel set to rotate in a one-way synchronous mode through the rotation of the one-way ratchet wheel piece, the middle shaft generates inward thrust, and the thrust assembly transmits the thrust to the pressure pad on the sensor assembly, so that the purpose of detecting the torque of the middle shaft is achieved;
and a motor shaft where the Hall motor is positioned is used as output, and the secondary gear is used for reducing speed to drive the large gear set positioned on the outer side to carry out synchronous transmission.
2. The center motor for electric bicycles, as recited in claim 1,
the sensor assembly comprises a PCB, a sensor bracket and a pressure gasket;
the sensor bracket is used as a fixed framework and is used for mounting a PCB (printed circuit board), a positioning pressure gasket and an axial positioning magnetic ring; the sensor assembly is integrally fixed on the outer shell, and the middle shaft penetrates through the outer shell to rotate and output.
3. The middle-mounted motor of the electric bicycle as claimed in claim 2, wherein the side where the pressure gasket is located is attached with a strain resistor, the strain resistor forms a half bridge or a full bridge, and the pressure gasket deforms along with the rotation of the middle shaft to detect the torque of the middle shaft during rotation.
4. The centrally-mounted motor for the electric bicycle as claimed in claim 2, wherein a magnetic ring is coaxially arranged on the middle shaft, and N groups of magnetic poles are arranged on the magnetic ring along the outer diameter, wherein N is 6-36 groups;
meanwhile, two first switch Hall elements are arranged on the PCB, the magnetic ring is driven by the middle shaft to rotate to generate magnetic field change, and the first switch Hall elements sense the magnetic field change to generate corresponding output pulses, so that the rotating speed of the middle shaft can be detected through any one of the first switch Hall elements.
5. The mid-motor of the electric bicycle as claimed in claim 4, wherein the first switching Hall elements are adjacently distributed according to the magnetic pole movement direction of the magnetic ring, and generate two output pulses, and the rotation direction of the middle shaft can be judged by judging the sequence of the two output pulses.
6. The mid-motor of the electric bicycle as claimed in claim 2, wherein the middle shaft is coaxially engaged with the helical inner helical teeth of the ratchet member through helical outer helical teeth to realize synchronous transmission;
meanwhile, a unidirectional jack is arranged on the periphery of the ratchet wheel piece, when the pedal drives the middle shaft to rotate towards the front direction with force, the jack on the ratchet wheel piece drives the external gear wheel set to rotate synchronously, and when the middle shaft rotates towards the rear direction, the jack on the ratchet wheel piece is separated from the synchronous rotation of the gear wheel set.
7. The center motor of the electric bicycle according to claim 1, wherein the center shaft is mounted to both ends of the center shaft symmetrically with respect to the center: the oil seal, the clamp spring, the bearing and the thrust bearing;
when the middle shaft transmits the pedal force to the bull gear set, the thrust bearing ensures that the bearing is prevented from generating a rightward axial force by the middle shaft;
the clamp spring is used for axially positioning the middle shaft, and when the middle shaft generates a rightward axial force, a leftward reaction force is generated to ensure that the middle shaft cannot move rightward;
the oil seal ensures the waterproof performance of the end part of the middle shaft.
8. The mid-motor of the electric bicycle according to claim 1, wherein the thrust assembly comprises a thrust roller and a plurality of sets of thrust washers, the thrust roller and the thrust washers are coaxially stacked, and the thrust roller is located between any 2 adjacent thrust washers.
9. The center-mounted motor of the electric bicycle according to claim 1, wherein a motor shaft on which the hall motor is arranged is used as an output;
the rotor magnetic pole of the Hall motor is higher than the stator end face by at least 3mm, the stator is integrally wrapped by a shell where the Hall motor is located, 3 second switch Hall elements which are tightly attached to and face the rotor magnetic pole are arranged on the surface of the magnetic pole, higher than the stator end face, of the rotor magnetic pole, and the 3 second switch Hall elements are welded on a PCB to form a complete and independent assembly and fixed on an end cover of the Hall motor.
10. The centrally-mounted motor for the electric bicycle according to claim 1, wherein the lateral position of the outer housing member is provided with a cavity, and the cavity hides the redundant part of the outgoing line or the external plug-in unit.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211348164.4A CN115694086A (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2022-10-31 | Middle-arranged motor of electric bicycle |
| PCT/CN2022/133225 WO2024092893A1 (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2022-11-21 | Mid-drive motor for electric bicycle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211348164.4A CN115694086A (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2022-10-31 | Middle-arranged motor of electric bicycle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115694086A true CN115694086A (en) | 2023-02-03 |
Family
ID=85046173
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211348164.4A Pending CN115694086A (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2022-10-31 | Middle-arranged motor of electric bicycle |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115694086A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024092893A1 (en) |
-
2022
- 2022-10-31 CN CN202211348164.4A patent/CN115694086A/en active Pending
- 2022-11-21 WO PCT/CN2022/133225 patent/WO2024092893A1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024092893A1 (en) | 2024-05-10 |
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