CN115693806A - Battery protection circuit and battery pack - Google Patents

Battery protection circuit and battery pack Download PDF

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CN115693806A
CN115693806A CN202110826648.4A CN202110826648A CN115693806A CN 115693806 A CN115693806 A CN 115693806A CN 202110826648 A CN202110826648 A CN 202110826648A CN 115693806 A CN115693806 A CN 115693806A
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battery
preset
current
voltage
circuit breaker
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CN115693806B (en
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周继浩
李康泉
蔡小丽
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BYD Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于电池技术领域,特别是涉及一种电池保护电路及电池包。该电池保护电路,包括可恢复断路控制电路和第一控制器;可恢复断路控制电路包括连接第一控制器的主动开关以及连接电池电芯的可恢复断路器;第一控制器还用于在检测到电池电芯的温度大于或等于预设电池温度,或电池电芯的电流大于或等于第一预设电流,或电池电芯的电压大于或等于第一预设电压时,控制主动开关导通,以将可恢复断路器的动作温度提升至预设动作温度,进而使得可恢复断路器断开。本发明中,可恢复断路控制电路发生动作后,可以重复使用,且该电池保护电路作为电池电芯的二级保护电路或三级保护电路进行使用。

Figure 202110826648

The invention belongs to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery protection circuit and a battery pack. The battery protection circuit includes a recoverable circuit breaker control circuit and a first controller; the recoverable circuit breaker control circuit includes an active switch connected to the first controller and a recoverable circuit breaker connected to battery cells; the first controller is also used to When it is detected that the temperature of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the preset battery temperature, or the current of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the first preset current, or the voltage of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, the active switch is controlled to conduct To increase the operating temperature of the recoverable circuit breaker to the preset operating temperature, so that the recoverable circuit breaker is turned off. In the present invention, the recoverable circuit breaker control circuit can be used repeatedly after it is activated, and the battery protection circuit is used as a secondary protection circuit or a tertiary protection circuit for battery cells.

Figure 202110826648

Description

一种电池保护电路及电池包A battery protection circuit and battery pack

技术领域technical field

本发明属于电池技术领域,特别是涉及一种电池保护电路及电池包。The invention belongs to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery protection circuit and a battery pack.

背景技术Background technique

市场上手机电池、笔记本电池、平板电池等二次保护器件一般使用正温度系数电阻PTC和温度保险丝等方案。其中,正温度系数电阻PTC为高分子聚合物材料,每次动作后其内阻不可完全恢复,同时其材料受到使用环境中温度、湿度、腐蚀性气体等的影响,正温度系数电阻PTC在使用一段时间后,其内阻会变大,从而造成电池可使用容量降低和电池自身方向损耗增加。另外,温度保险丝在发生动作后,其不能恢复使用,从而造成资源的浪费,更进一步地会造成使用终端的报废。Secondary protection devices such as mobile phone batteries, notebook batteries, and tablet batteries generally use solutions such as positive temperature coefficient resistors PTC and thermal fuses. Among them, the positive temperature coefficient resistor PTC is a high molecular polymer material, and its internal resistance cannot be completely restored after each action. At the same time, its material is affected by the temperature, humidity, corrosive gas, etc. After a period of time, its internal resistance will increase, resulting in a decrease in the usable capacity of the battery and an increase in the loss in the direction of the battery itself. In addition, after the thermal fuse is activated, it cannot be restored to use, thus causing a waste of resources and further causing scrapping of the terminal.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明解决了现有技术中电池二次保护器件存在的动作后,不可重复使用等技术问题,提供了一种电池保护电路及电池包。The invention solves the technical problems of non-reusability after the secondary protection device of the battery exists in the prior art, and provides a battery protection circuit and a battery pack.

本发明一实施例提供了一种电池保护电路,包括可恢复断路控制电路和第一控制器;所述可恢复断路控制电路包括主动开关和可恢复断路器;所述主动开关的一端连接所述第一控制器,所述主动开关的另一端连接所述可恢复断路器和外部设备,所述可恢复断路器远离外部设备的一端连接电池电芯;An embodiment of the present invention provides a battery protection circuit, including a recoverable circuit breaker control circuit and a first controller; the recoverable circuit breaker control circuit includes an active switch and a recoverable circuit breaker; one end of the active switch is connected to the A first controller, the other end of the active switch is connected to the resettable circuit breaker and the external device, and the end of the resettable circuit breaker away from the external device is connected to the battery cell;

所述第一控制器用于实时检测电池电芯的温度、电流和电压;The first controller is used to detect the temperature, current and voltage of the battery cell in real time;

所述第一控制器还用于在检测到所述电池电芯的温度大于或等于预设电池温度,或所述电池电芯的电流大于或等于第一预设电流,或所述电池电芯的电压大于或等于第一预设电压时,控制所述主动开关导通,以将所述可恢复断路器的动作温度提升至预设动作温度,进而使得所述可恢复断路器断开;其中,所述可恢复断路器在所述动作温度大于或等于所述预设动作温度的情况下保持断开,且在所述动作温度小于所述预设动作温度时导通。The first controller is further configured to detect that the temperature of the battery cell is greater than or equal to a preset battery temperature, or that the current of the battery cell is greater than or equal to a first preset current, or that the battery cell When the voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, the active switch is controlled to be turned on, so as to raise the operating temperature of the recoverable circuit breaker to the preset operating temperature, thereby causing the recoverable circuit breaker to be disconnected; wherein , the resettable circuit breaker remains open when the operating temperature is greater than or equal to the preset operating temperature, and is turned on when the operating temperature is lower than the preset operating temperature.

可选地,所述第一控制器还用于在检测到电池电芯的温度小于预设电池温度,所述电池电芯的电流小于第一预设电流,且所述电池电芯的电压小于第一预设电压时,控制所述主动开关断开。Optionally, the first controller is further configured to detect that the temperature of the battery cell is less than a preset battery temperature, the current of the battery cell is less than a first preset current, and the voltage of the battery cell is less than When the first preset voltage is reached, the active switch is controlled to be turned off.

可选地,所述可恢复断路器包括被动开关组件和第一发热件,所述可恢复断路控制电路还包括第二发热件;所述第一发热件和所述被动开关组件并联在所述电池电芯和外部设备之间,所述第二发热件的一端连接所述主动开关,所述第二发热件的另一端连接在所述第一发热件与所述外部设备之间的连接线路上;所述主动开关远离所述第二发热件的一端连接所述第一控制器;Optionally, the recoverable circuit breaker includes a passive switch assembly and a first heating element, and the resettable circuit breaker control circuit further includes a second heating element; the first heating element and the passive switch assembly are connected in parallel on the Between the battery cell and the external device, one end of the second heating element is connected to the active switch, and the other end of the second heating element is connected to the connection line between the first heating element and the external device above; the end of the active switch away from the second heating element is connected to the first controller;

所述第二发热件用于在所述主动开关导通时,使得所述被动开关组件升温至所述预设动作温度。The second heating element is used to raise the temperature of the passive switch assembly to the preset operating temperature when the active switch is turned on.

可选地,所述第一发热件为第一PTC电阻,所述第二发热件为第二PTC电阻。Optionally, the first heating element is a first PTC resistor, and the second heating element is a second PTC resistor.

可选地,所述电池保护电路还包括连接所述第一控制器的充电保护开关,所述电池电芯顺次通过所述可恢复断路器以及所述充电保护开关连接充电设备;Optionally, the battery protection circuit further includes a charging protection switch connected to the first controller, and the battery cell is connected to a charging device through the recoverable circuit breaker and the charging protection switch in sequence;

所述第一控制器还用于在检测到充电设备对所述电池电芯进行充电时,若所述可恢复断路器导通且所述主动开关断开,且所述电池电芯的电压大于第二预设电压,控制所述充电保护开关断开,并持续检测所述电池电芯的电压;其中,所述第二预设电压小于所述第一预设电压;The first controller is further configured to detect that the charging device is charging the battery cell, if the resettable circuit breaker is turned on and the active switch is turned off, and the voltage of the battery cell is greater than A second preset voltage, controlling the charging protection switch to turn off, and continuously detecting the voltage of the battery cell; wherein, the second preset voltage is lower than the first preset voltage;

所述第一控制器还用于在检测到所述电池电芯的电压大于或等于所述第一预设电压时,控制所述主动开关导通,以将所述可恢复断路器的动作温度提升至预设动作温度,进而使得所述可恢复断路器断开。The first controller is also used to control the active switch to turn on when it detects that the voltage of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, so as to reduce the operating temperature of the resettable circuit breaker to Raising to a preset operating temperature, thereby causing the resettable circuit breaker to open.

可选地,所述电池保护电路还包括连接所述第一控制器的充电保护开关,所述电池电芯顺次通过所述可恢复断路器以及所述充电保护开关连接充电设备;Optionally, the battery protection circuit further includes a charging protection switch connected to the first controller, and the battery cell is connected to a charging device through the recoverable circuit breaker and the charging protection switch in sequence;

所述第一控制器还用于在检测到充电设备对所述电池电芯进行充电时,若所述可恢复断路器导通且所述主动开关断开,且所述电池电芯的电流大于或等于第二预设电流,则控制所述充电保护开关断开,并持续检测所述电池电芯的电流;其中,所述第二预设电流小于所述第一预设电流;The first controller is further configured to detect that the charging device is charging the battery cell, if the resettable circuit breaker is turned on and the active switch is turned off, and the current of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the second preset current, control the charging protection switch to turn off, and continuously detect the current of the battery cell; wherein, the second preset current is smaller than the first preset current;

所述第一控制器还用于在检测到所述电池电芯的电流大于或等于所述第一预设电流时,控制所述主动开关导通,以将所述可恢复断路器的动作温度提升至预设动作温度,进而使得所述可恢复断路器断开。The first controller is further configured to control the active switch to turn on when it detects that the current of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the first preset current, so as to reduce the operating temperature of the resettable circuit breaker to Raising to a preset operating temperature, thereby causing the resettable circuit breaker to open.

可选地,所述电池保护电路还包括连接所述第一控制器的放电保护开关,所述电池电芯顺次通过所述可恢复断路器以及所述放电保护开关连接用电设备;Optionally, the battery protection circuit further includes a discharge protection switch connected to the first controller, and the battery cells are connected to electrical equipment through the recoverable circuit breaker and the discharge protection switch in sequence;

所述第一控制器还用于在检测到所述电池电芯对用电设备进行放电时,若所述可恢复断路器导通且所述主动开关断开,且所述电池电芯的电压大于第三预设电压,则控制所述放电保护开关断开,并持续检测所述电池电芯的电流;其中,所述第三预设电压小于所述第一预设电压;The first controller is further configured to detect that the battery cell is discharging the electric device, if the resettable circuit breaker is turned on and the active switch is turned off, and the voltage of the battery cell is If it is greater than the third preset voltage, the discharge protection switch is controlled to be turned off, and the current of the battery cell is continuously detected; wherein, the third preset voltage is lower than the first preset voltage;

所述第一控制器还用于在检测到所述电池电芯的电流大于或等于所述第一预设电流时,控制所述主动开关导通,以将所述可恢复断路器的动作温度提升至预设动作温度,进而使得所述可恢复断路器断开。The first controller is further configured to control the active switch to turn on when it detects that the current of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the first preset current, so as to reduce the operating temperature of the resettable circuit breaker to Raising to a preset operating temperature, thereby causing the resettable circuit breaker to open.

可选地,所述电池保护电路还包括连接所述控制模块的放电保护开关,所述电池电芯顺次通过所述可恢复断路器以及所述放电保护开关连接用电设备;Optionally, the battery protection circuit further includes a discharge protection switch connected to the control module, and the battery cells are connected to electrical equipment through the recoverable circuit breaker and the discharge protection switch in sequence;

所述第一控制器还用于在检测到所述电池电芯对用电设备进行放电时,若所述可恢复断路器导通且所述主动开关断开,且所述电池电芯的电流大于第三预设电流,则控制所述放电保护开关断开,并持续检测所述电池电芯的电流;所述第三预设电流小于所述第一预设电流;The first controller is further configured to detect that the battery cell is discharging the electric device, if the resettable circuit breaker is turned on and the active switch is turned off, and the current of the battery cell is If the current is greater than the third preset current, the discharge protection switch is controlled to be turned off, and the current of the battery cell is continuously detected; the third preset current is smaller than the first preset current;

所述第一控制器还用于在检测到所述电池电芯的电流大于或等于所述第一预设电流时,控制所述主动开关导通,以将所述可恢复断路器的动作温度提升至预设动作温度,进而使得所述可恢复断路器断开。The first controller is further configured to control the active switch to turn on when it detects that the current of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the first preset current, so as to reduce the operating temperature of the resettable circuit breaker to Raising to a preset operating temperature, thereby causing the resettable circuit breaker to open.

可选地,所述电池电芯通过所述可恢复断路器连接充电设备;所述电池保护电路还包括第二控制器,所述第二控制器连接所述电池电芯以及所述主动开关;Optionally, the battery cell is connected to a charging device through the recoverable circuit breaker; the battery protection circuit further includes a second controller, and the second controller is connected to the battery cell and the active switch;

所述第二控制器用于在检测到所述电池电芯的电压大于或等于极限预设电压时,控制所述主动开关导通;其中,所述极限预设电压大于所述第一预设电压。The second controller is configured to control the active switch to turn on when it detects that the voltage of the battery cell is greater than or equal to a preset limit voltage; wherein, the preset limit voltage is greater than the first preset voltage .

本发明中,所述第一控制器还用于在检测到所述电池电芯的温度大于或等于预设电池温度,或所述电池电芯的电流大于或等于第一预设电流,或所述电池电芯的电压大于或等于第一预设电压时,控制所述主动开关导通;主动开关导通后,电池电芯工作的过程中,所述可恢复断路器的动作温度将继续提高,当所述可恢复断路器的温度升高至预设动作温度时,所述可恢复断路器根据自身的特性将由导通的状态切换至断开的状态,且只要所述可恢复断路器的温度大于或等于所述预设动作温度,或者电池电芯大电流、高电压状态未解除,所述可恢复断路器就始终保持在断开的状态,此时,所述电池电芯不会持续以较大的电流或电压进行充电或放电的工作,从而避免了电池电芯的电流或电压过高,而出现的电池电芯发生爆炸、自燃等事故。当所述可恢复断路器的温度小于所述预设动作温度,且电池电芯的大电流、高电压状态解除时,所述可恢复断路器就保持在导通的状态,且所述可恢复断路器的电阻将不会发生变化,从而所述可恢复断路器可以重复使用。另外,该可恢复断路控制电路作为电池电芯的二级保护电路或三级保护电路进行使用。In the present invention, the first controller is further configured to detect that the temperature of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the preset battery temperature, or the current of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the first preset current, or the When the voltage of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, the active switch is controlled to be turned on; after the active switch is turned on, the operating temperature of the resettable circuit breaker will continue to increase during the working process of the battery cell , when the temperature of the resettable circuit breaker rises to the preset operating temperature, the resettable circuit breaker will switch from the on state to the off state according to its own characteristics, and as long as the resettable circuit breaker If the temperature is greater than or equal to the preset action temperature, or the high current and high voltage state of the battery cell is not released, the resettable circuit breaker will always remain in the disconnected state. At this time, the battery cell will not continue The charging or discharging work is carried out with a relatively large current or voltage, thereby avoiding accidents such as explosion and spontaneous combustion of the battery cell due to excessive current or voltage of the battery cell. When the temperature of the resettable circuit breaker is lower than the preset operating temperature, and the high current and high voltage state of the battery cell is released, the resettable circuit breaker remains in the on state, and the resettable The resistance of the circuit breaker will not change so that the resettable circuit breaker can be used repeatedly. In addition, the recoverable disconnection control circuit is used as a secondary protection circuit or a tertiary protection circuit for battery cells.

本发明另一实施例还提供了一种电池包,包括电池和上述的电池保护电路。Another embodiment of the present invention also provides a battery pack, including a battery and the above-mentioned battery protection circuit.

附图说明Description of drawings

下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

图1为本发明第一实施例提供的电池保护电路的示意图;FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery protection circuit provided by a first embodiment of the present invention;

图2为本发明第二实施例提供的电池保护电路的示意图;2 is a schematic diagram of a battery protection circuit provided by a second embodiment of the present invention;

图3为本发明第一实施例提供的电池保护电路的原理图;3 is a schematic diagram of the battery protection circuit provided by the first embodiment of the present invention;

图4为本发明第三实施例提供的电池保护电路的示意图;FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a battery protection circuit provided by a third embodiment of the present invention;

图5为本发明第四实施例提供的电池保护电路的示意图;5 is a schematic diagram of a battery protection circuit provided by a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

图6为本发明第四实施例提供的电池保护电路的工作流程图。FIG. 6 is a working flowchart of the battery protection circuit provided by the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

说明书中的附图标记如下:The reference signs in the instructions are as follows:

1、可恢复断路控制电路;11、主动开关;12、可恢复断路器;121、被动开关组件;122、第一发热件;13、第二发热件;2、第一控制器;3、充电保护开关;4、放电保护开关;5、第二控制器;6、电池电芯;7、充电设备;8、用电设备。1. Recoverable circuit breaker control circuit; 11. Active switch; 12. Recoverable circuit breaker; 121. Passive switch assembly; 122. First heating element; 13. Second heating element; 2. First controller; 3. Charging Protection switch; 4. Discharge protection switch; 5. Second controller; 6. Battery cells; 7. Charging equipment; 8. Electrical equipment.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为了使本发明所解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步的详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

需要理解的是,术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”、“中部”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为本发明的限制。It should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "middle", etc. are based on the orientation or position shown in the drawings The relationship is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

如图1至图3所示,本发明一实施例提供的一种电池保护电路,包括可恢复断路控制电路1和第一控制器2;所述可恢复断路控制电路1包括主动开关11和可恢复断路器12;所述主动开关11的一端连接所述第一控制器2,所述主动开关11的另一端连接所述可恢复断路器12和外部设备,所述可恢复断路器12远离外部设备的一端连接电池电芯6;可以理解地,所述可恢复断路器12可以安装在电池包内部;而所述外部设备包括但不限于充电设备7和用电设备8。As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a battery protection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a recoverable disconnect control circuit 1 and a first controller 2; the recoverable disconnect control circuit 1 includes an active switch 11 and a Recovery circuit breaker 12; one end of the active switch 11 is connected to the first controller 2, the other end of the active switch 11 is connected to the recoverable circuit breaker 12 and external equipment, and the recoverable circuit breaker 12 is far away from the outside One end of the device is connected to the battery cell 6; it can be understood that the resettable circuit breaker 12 can be installed inside the battery pack;

所述第一控制器2用于实时检测电池电芯6的温度、电流和电压;可以理解地,所述第一控制器2可以通过温度探测传感器等检测电池电芯6的温度,可以通过电量计采检测电池电芯6的电压和电流等。需要说明地,所述第一控制器2始终处于检测电池电芯6的温度、电压以及电流的状态。The first controller 2 is used to detect the temperature, current and voltage of the battery cell 6 in real time; it can be understood that the first controller 2 can detect the temperature of the battery cell 6 through a temperature detection sensor, etc. Measure and detect the voltage and current of the battery cell 6, etc. It should be noted that the first controller 2 is always in the state of detecting the temperature, voltage and current of the battery cell 6 .

所述第一控制器2还用于在检测到所述电池电芯6的温度大于或等于预设电池温度,或所述电池电芯6的电流大于或等于第一预设电流,或所述电池电芯6的电压大于或等于第一预设电压时,控制所述主动开关11导通,以将所述可恢复断路器12的动作温度提升至预设动作温度,进而使得所述可恢复断路器12断开;其中,所述可恢复断路器12在所述动作温度大于或等于所述预设动作温度的情况下保持断开,且在所述动作温度小于所述预设动作温度时导通。可以理解地,所述预设电池温度、所述第一预设电压、所述第一预设电流均可以根据实际需求来确定;而所述预设动作温度是由所述可恢复断路控制电路1自身的特性来确定的。进一步地,当所述电池电芯6的电流处于大电流状态时,所述第一控制器2控制所述主动开关11导通,所述主动开关11导通之后,使得所述可恢复断路器12的温度会上升至所述预设动作温度,所述可恢复断路器12的温度上升至所述预设动作温度后,所述可恢复断路器12保持在断开的状态;也即,所述电池电芯6处于大电流状态时,所述可恢复断路器12就会一直处于断开的状态;或者当所述电池电芯6的电压处于高电压状态时,所述第一控制器2也会控制所述主动开关11导通,所述主动开关11导通之后,使得所述可恢复断路器12的温度会上升至所述预设动作温度,所述可恢复断路器12的温度上升至所述预设动作温度后,所述可恢复断路器12保持在断开的状态;也即,所述电池电芯6处于大电流状态时,所述可恢复断路器12就会一直处于断开的状态。当所述电池电芯6的大电流和/或高电压状态解除时,所述第一控制器2将控制所述主动开关11断开,此时,所述可恢复断路器12的温度将会降低至所述预设动作温度之下,所述可恢复断路器12将会处于导通的状态。The first controller 2 is also used to detect that the temperature of the battery cell 6 is greater than or equal to the preset battery temperature, or the current of the battery cell 6 is greater than or equal to the first preset current, or the When the voltage of the battery cell 6 is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, the active switch 11 is controlled to be turned on, so as to raise the operating temperature of the recoverable circuit breaker 12 to the preset operating temperature, thereby making the recoverable The circuit breaker 12 is disconnected; wherein, the resettable circuit breaker 12 remains disconnected when the operating temperature is greater than or equal to the preset operating temperature, and when the operating temperature is lower than the preset operating temperature conduction. Understandably, the preset battery temperature, the first preset voltage, and the first preset current can all be determined according to actual needs; and the preset action temperature is determined by the recoverable disconnection control circuit 1 to determine its own characteristics. Further, when the current of the battery cell 6 is in a high current state, the first controller 2 controls the active switch 11 to be turned on, and after the active switch 11 is turned on, the resettable circuit breaker 12 will rise to the preset operating temperature, and after the temperature of the resettable circuit breaker 12 rises to the preset operating temperature, the resettable circuit breaker 12 will remain in the disconnected state; that is, the When the battery cell 6 is in a high current state, the resettable circuit breaker 12 will always be in an open state; or when the voltage of the battery cell 6 is in a high voltage state, the first controller 2 The active switch 11 will also be controlled to be turned on. After the active switch 11 is turned on, the temperature of the resettable circuit breaker 12 will rise to the preset operating temperature, and the temperature of the resettable circuit breaker 12 will rise. After reaching the preset operating temperature, the resettable circuit breaker 12 remains in the off state; that is, when the battery cell 6 is in a high current state, the resettable circuit breaker 12 will always be in the off state. open state. When the high current and/or high voltage state of the battery cell 6 is released, the first controller 2 will control the active switch 11 to turn off, at this time, the temperature of the resettable circuit breaker 12 will be When the temperature drops below the preset operating temperature, the resettable circuit breaker 12 will be turned on.

具体地,在电池电芯6充电的过程中,如果所述第一控制器2检测到所述电池电芯6的电压大于所述第一预设电压,或者检测到所述电池电芯6的电流大于所述第一预设电流时,所述第一控制器2将控制所述主动开关11导通;此后,在所述电池保护电路充电的过程中,所述可恢复断路器12的温度将继续升高,当所述可恢复断路器12的温度升高至预设动作温度时,所述可恢复断路器12根据自身的特性将由导通的状态切换至断开的状态,且只要可恢复断路器12的温度大于或等于所述预设动作温度,所述可恢复断路器12就始终保持在断开的状态(也即,所述电池电芯6的大电流或者高电压未解除时,所述第一控制器控制所述主动开关11导通,从而使得所述可恢复断路器12的温度保持在所述预设动作温度之上,进而所述可恢复断路器12保持断开状态),此时,可以避免充电设备7持续以较大的电流或电压对所述电池电芯6进行充电,而引起的所述电池电芯6出现爆炸、自燃等事故;当所述电池电芯6的大电流或者高电压解除时,所述第一控制器2将控制所述主动开关11断开,所述可恢复断路器12的温度将会降低至所述预设动作温度以下,此时,所述可恢复断路器12将由断开状态切换至导通状态,并且保持在导通的状态,从而所述可恢复断路器12可以重复使用。Specifically, during the charging process of the battery cell 6, if the first controller 2 detects that the voltage of the battery cell 6 is greater than the first preset voltage, or detects that the voltage of the battery cell 6 When the current is greater than the first preset current, the first controller 2 will control the active switch 11 to be turned on; thereafter, during the charging process of the battery protection circuit, the temperature of the resettable circuit breaker 12 will continue to rise, when the temperature of the resettable circuit breaker 12 rises to the preset operating temperature, the resettable circuit breaker 12 will switch from the on state to the off state according to its own characteristics, and as long as it can When the temperature of the recovery circuit breaker 12 is greater than or equal to the preset operating temperature, the recovery circuit breaker 12 will always remain in the disconnected state (that is, when the high current or high voltage of the battery cell 6 is not released , the first controller controls the active switch 11 to turn on, so that the temperature of the resettable circuit breaker 12 remains above the preset operating temperature, and then the resettable circuit breaker 12 remains in the off state ), at this time, it can be avoided that the charging device 7 continues to charge the battery cell 6 with a relatively large current or voltage, which may cause accidents such as explosion and spontaneous combustion of the battery cell 6; when the battery cell 6 6 when the high current or high voltage is released, the first controller 2 will control the active switch 11 to turn off, and the temperature of the resettable circuit breaker 12 will drop below the preset operating temperature. , the resettable circuit breaker 12 will switch from the off state to the on state, and remain in the on state, so that the resettable circuit breaker 12 can be used repeatedly.

在电池电芯6放电的过程中,当所述第一控制器2检测到所述电池电芯6的电压大于或等于所述第一预设电压,或者检测到所述电池电芯6的电流大于或等于所述第一预设电流时,所述第一控制器2将控制所述主动开关11导通;此后,所述可恢复断路器12的工作原理与所述充电过程中的工作原理一致,在此就不再赘述,可恢复断路器12避免了电池电芯6持续以较大的电流或电压对用电设备8进行供电,而引起的所述电池电芯6出现爆炸、自燃等事故。During the discharge process of the battery cell 6, when the first controller 2 detects that the voltage of the battery cell 6 is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, or detects that the current of the battery cell 6 When the current is greater than or equal to the first preset current, the first controller 2 will control the active switch 11 to be turned on; after that, the working principle of the resettable circuit breaker 12 is the same as the working principle in the charging process Consistent, so it will not be described in detail here. The resettable circuit breaker 12 prevents the battery cell 6 from continuously supplying power to the electrical device 8 with a relatively large current or voltage, which may cause the battery cell 6 to explode, spontaneously ignite, etc. ACCIDENT.

需要说明地,在所述电池电芯6充电或放电的过程中,所述电池电芯6的温度将升高,当所述第一控制器2检测到电池电芯6的温度大于预设电池温度时,所述第一控制器2将控制所述主动开关11导通。It should be noted that during the process of charging or discharging the battery cell 6, the temperature of the battery cell 6 will increase. When the first controller 2 detects that the temperature of the battery cell 6 is greater than the preset battery temperature, the first controller 2 will control the active switch 11 to be turned on.

在一实施例中,所述第一控制器2还用于在检测到电池电芯6的温度小于预设电池温度,所述电池电芯6的电流小于第一预设电流,且所述电池电芯6的电压小于第一预设电压时,控制所述主动开关11断开。可以理解地,在电池电芯6工作的过程中,只有在所述电池电芯6的温度小于预设电池温度,所述电池电芯6的电流小于第一预设电流,以及所述电池电芯6的电压小于第一预设电压时,所述第一控制器2将控制所述主动开关11断开,此时,在电池电芯6工作的过程中,所述可恢复断路器12在所述动作温度将不会升高至所述预设动作温度;也即,该电池保护电路处于正常的充放电状态。In one embodiment, the first controller 2 is further configured to detect that the temperature of the battery cell 6 is lower than the preset battery temperature, the current of the battery cell 6 is lower than the first preset current, and the battery When the voltage of the battery cell 6 is lower than the first preset voltage, the active switch 11 is controlled to be turned off. It can be understood that, during the working process of the battery cell 6, only when the temperature of the battery cell 6 is lower than the preset battery temperature, the current of the battery cell 6 is smaller than the first preset current, and the battery cell 6 When the voltage of the battery cell 6 is lower than the first preset voltage, the first controller 2 will control the active switch 11 to turn off. At this time, during the working process of the battery cell 6, the resettable circuit breaker 12 is The operating temperature will not rise to the preset operating temperature; that is, the battery protection circuit is in a normal charging and discharging state.

本发明中,所述第一控制器2还用于在检测到所述电池电芯6的温度大于或等于预设电池温度,或所述电池电芯6的电流大于或等于第一预设电流,或所述电池电芯6的电压大于或等于第一预设电压时,控制所述主动开关11导通;主动开关11导通后,电池电芯6工作的过程中,所述可恢复断路器12的动作温度将继续提高,当所述可恢复断路器12的温度升高至预设动作温度时,所述可恢复断路器12根据自身的特性将由导通的状态切换至断开的状态,且只要所述可恢复断路器12的温度大于或等于所述预设动作温度,或者电池电芯6大电流、高电压状态未解除,所述可恢复断路器12就始终保持在断开的状态,此时,所述电池电芯6不会持续以较大的电流或电压进行充电或放电的工作,从而避免了电池电芯6的电流或电压过高,而出现的电池电芯6发生爆炸、自燃等事故。当所述可恢复断路器12的温度小于所述预设动作温度,且电池电芯6的大电流、高电压状态解除时,所述可恢复断路器12就保持在导通的状态,且所述可恢复断路器12的电阻将不会发生变化,从而所述可恢复断路器12可以重复使用。另外,该可恢复断路控制电路1作为电池电芯6的二级保护电路或三级保护电路进行使用。In the present invention, the first controller 2 is also used to detect that the temperature of the battery cell 6 is greater than or equal to the preset battery temperature, or the current of the battery cell 6 is greater than or equal to the first preset current , or when the voltage of the battery cell 6 is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, the active switch 11 is controlled to be turned on; after the active switch 11 is turned on, during the working process of the battery cell 6, the recoverable open circuit The operating temperature of the circuit breaker 12 will continue to increase. When the temperature of the recoverable circuit breaker 12 rises to the preset operating temperature, the recoverable circuit breaker 12 will switch from the on state to the off state according to its own characteristics. , and as long as the temperature of the resettable circuit breaker 12 is greater than or equal to the preset operating temperature, or the state of high current and high voltage of the battery cell 6 is not released, the resettable circuit breaker 12 is always kept in the off state. state, at this time, the battery cell 6 will not continue to charge or discharge with a large current or voltage, thereby avoiding the current or voltage of the battery cell 6 being too high, and the battery cell 6 occurring Explosion, spontaneous combustion and other accidents. When the temperature of the resettable circuit breaker 12 is lower than the preset operating temperature, and the high current and high voltage state of the battery cell 6 is released, the resettable circuit breaker 12 remains in the conduction state, and the The resistance of the resettable circuit breaker 12 will not change, so that the resettable circuit breaker 12 can be used repeatedly. In addition, the recoverable disconnection control circuit 1 is used as a secondary protection circuit or a tertiary protection circuit of the battery cell 6 .

在一实施例中,如图1至图3所示,所述可恢复断路器12包括被动开关组件121和第一发热件122,所述可恢复断路控制电路1还包括第二发热件13;所述第一发热件122和所述被动开关组件121并联在所述电池电芯6和外部设备之间,所述第二发热件13的一端连接所述主动开关11,所述第二发热件13的另一端连接在所述第一发热件122与所述外部设备之间的连接线路上;所述主动开关11远离所述第二发热件13的一端连接所述第一控制器2;可以理解地,所述第一发热件122和所述第二发热件13均包括但不限于发热电阻等,作为优选,所述第一发热件为第一PTC电阻,所述第二发热件为第二PTC电阻。也即,所述第一发热件122和所述第二发热件13均PTC(Positive Temperature Coefficient,正的温度系数)发热电阻。In one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , the resettable circuit breaker 12 includes a passive switch assembly 121 and a first heating element 122, and the resettable circuit breaker control circuit 1 further includes a second heating element 13; The first heating element 122 and the passive switch assembly 121 are connected in parallel between the battery cell 6 and the external device, one end of the second heating element 13 is connected to the active switch 11, and the second heating element The other end of 13 is connected to the connection line between the first heating element 122 and the external device; the end of the active switch 11 away from the second heating element 13 is connected to the first controller 2; Understandably, both the first heating element 122 and the second heating element 13 include but are not limited to heating resistors, etc., preferably, the first heating element is a first PTC resistor, and the second heating element is a first heating element. Two PTC resistors. That is, both the first heating element 122 and the second heating element 13 are PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient, positive temperature coefficient) heating resistors.

所述第一发热件122用于维持所述被动开关组件121维持当前的导通的状态;所述第二发热件13用于在所述主动开关11导通时,使得所述被动开关组件121升温至所述预设动作温度。具体地,电池电芯6充电的过程中,当所述第一控制器2控制所述主动开关11断开时,电池电芯6通过所述被动开关组件121与充电设备7导通,而所述第一发热件122被所述被动开关组件121短路;此时,电池电芯6可以进行正常的充电工作。当所述第一控制器2控制所述主动开关11导通时,所述充电设备7的一部分电流或电压通过所述开关121进入电池电芯6,另一部分电流或电压通过所述第二发热件13流出,进入所述电池电芯6的电流或电压将会大大降低,同时,电流经过所述第二发热件13后,所述第二发热件13的温度将急剧上升,使得所述被动开关组件121的温度达到其预设动作温度,从而所述第二发热件13可以起到辅助被动开关组件121快速加热并使其断开,避免了充电设备7持续以较大的电流或电压对所述电池电芯6进行充电,从而避免了电池电芯6出现过程的事故,同时还避免了所述电池电芯6的充电电压过大而出现的爆炸、自燃等事故。被动开关组件121断开后,充电设备7的电流一部分通过第二发热件13、主动开关11可以回到充电设备7的负极,另一部分电流通过第一发热件122进入电芯组电池电芯7;由于第一发热件122和所述第二发热件13为PTC,正温度系数电阻。在预设动作温度时,即阻值显著增大,在外部充电设备的电压不变的情况下,降低了整个充电回路的的电流,其降到了动作前的1%~1‰;降低了电池电芯6的持续能量输入,而保证电池电芯6的安全;另外,在电池电芯6充电的过程中,所述第一发热件122可以起到分压作用和所述第二发热件13可以起到分流的作用,从而可以防止电池电芯6出现过充的现象。The first heating element 122 is used to maintain the current conduction state of the passive switch assembly 121; the second heating element 13 is used to make the passive switch assembly 121 turn on when the active switch 11 is turned on. Heat up to the preset action temperature. Specifically, during the charging process of the battery cell 6, when the first controller 2 controls the active switch 11 to be turned off, the battery cell 6 is connected to the charging device 7 through the passive switch assembly 121, and the The first heating element 122 is short-circuited by the passive switch assembly 121; at this time, the battery cell 6 can perform normal charging work. When the first controller 2 controls the active switch 11 to be turned on, a part of the current or voltage of the charging device 7 enters the battery cell 6 through the switch 121, and another part of the current or voltage passes through the second heating element. 13 flows out, the current or voltage entering the battery cell 6 will be greatly reduced, and at the same time, after the current passes through the second heating element 13, the temperature of the second heating element 13 will rise sharply, so that the passive The temperature of the switch assembly 121 reaches its preset operating temperature, so that the second heating element 13 can assist the passive switch assembly 121 to quickly heat up and make it disconnected, preventing the charging device 7 from continuing to use a large current or voltage to The battery cells 6 are charged, thereby avoiding accidents in the process of the battery cells 6 , and also avoiding accidents such as explosion and spontaneous combustion caused by excessive charging voltage of the battery cells 6 . After the passive switch assembly 121 is disconnected, part of the current of the charging device 7 can return to the negative pole of the charging device 7 through the second heating element 13 and the active switch 11, and the other part of the current enters the battery cell 7 through the first heating element 122 ; Since the first heating element 122 and the second heating element 13 are PTC, positive temperature coefficient resistors. At the preset operating temperature, that is, the resistance value increases significantly, and when the voltage of the external charging device remains unchanged, the current of the entire charging circuit is reduced to 1% to 1‰ before the action; The continuous energy input of the battery cell 6 ensures the safety of the battery cell 6; in addition, during the charging process of the battery cell 6, the first heating element 122 can function as a voltage divider and the second heating element 13 It can function as a shunt, thereby preventing the battery cell 6 from being overcharged.

进一步地,电池电芯6放电的过程中,当所述第一控制器2控制所述主动开关11断开时,电池电芯6的电流直接通过所述被动开关组件121流入用电设备8中,而所述第一发热件122被所述被动开关组件121短路,此时,电池电芯6可以进行正常的放电功能。当所述第一控制器2检测到所述电池电芯6的电压大于所述第一预设电压,或者所述电池电芯6的电流大于所述第一预设电流时,所述第一控制器2控制所述主动开关11导通,所述电池电芯6的一部分电流或电压通过所述被动开关组件121对用电设备8进行充电,另一部分电流或电压通过所述第二发热件13;由于所述第二发热件13在常温时,其阻值很低,其流过的电流很大,因此所述第二发热件13的发热量很大;从而使得所述被动开关组件121的温度上升至所述预设动作温度,进而使得所述被动开关组件断开;进而使电流流经第一发热件122后进入第二发热件13及用电设备8,所述第一发热件122和所述第二发热件13均PTC电阻,所述第一发热件122和所述第二发热件13的温度上升后其阻值增大,其流过的电流减小,对外输出功率减少到1‰,同时第一发热件122分压,降低了对外的电压输出;从而避免了所述电池电芯6持续以较大的电压或电流给用电设备8供电,而引起的爆炸、自燃等安全事故。Further, during the discharge process of the battery cell 6, when the first controller 2 controls the active switch 11 to be turned off, the current of the battery cell 6 directly flows into the electric device 8 through the passive switch assembly 121 , and the first heating element 122 is short-circuited by the passive switch assembly 121 , at this time, the battery cell 6 can perform a normal discharge function. When the first controller 2 detects that the voltage of the battery cell 6 is greater than the first preset voltage, or the current of the battery cell 6 is greater than the first preset current, the first The controller 2 controls the active switch 11 to turn on, a part of the current or voltage of the battery cell 6 charges the electric device 8 through the passive switch assembly 121, and another part of the current or voltage passes through the second heating element 13. Since the resistance of the second heating element 13 is very low at normal temperature, the current flowing through it is very large, so the heat generation of the second heating element 13 is very large; thus, the passive switch assembly 121 The temperature of the temperature rises to the preset action temperature, and then the passive switch assembly is disconnected; and then the current flows through the first heating element 122 and then enters the second heating element 13 and the electrical equipment 8, and the first heating element 122 and the second heating element 13 are all PTC resistors, the resistance value of the first heating element 122 and the second heating element 13 increases after the temperature rises, the current flowing through it decreases, and the external output power decreases to 1‰, at the same time, the first heating element 122 divides the voltage, reducing the external voltage output; thereby avoiding the explosion and spontaneous combustion caused by the battery cell 6 continuing to supply power to the electrical equipment 8 with a relatively large voltage or current and other security incidents.

在一实施例中,所述被动开关组件121包括第一端、第二端以及双金属片,在被动开关组件121处在预设动作温度以下时,也即所述第一端和所述第二端接通;当被动开关组件处在预设动作温度以上时,所述第一端和所述第二端由于双金属片变形状态发生变化发生空间位移使其断开;所述电池电芯6连接所述第一端,所述充电设备7或所述用电设备8连接所述第二端;所述第一加热件122连接在所述第一端和第二端之间。可以理解地,所述双金属片为两侧不同材料的金属片叠合而成;当所述双金属片的温度升高时,由于两种材料的热膨胀系数不一样而变形量不一样,从而所述双金属片将发生折弯等变形,当所述第一控制器2控制主动开关11导通,所述第二发热件13中有电流通过时,所述双金属片的动作温度达到所述预设动作温度,所述双金属片将发生变形并带动所述输入端和所述输出端之间断开,此时,所述电池电芯6通过所述第一发热件122连接充电设备7或用电设备8;并且,所述双金属片的动作温度大于所述预设动作温度时,所述被动开关保持在断开的状态。当所述电池电芯6的大电流或高电压解除之后,所述第一控制器2将控制所述主动开关11断开,此时,所述第二发热件13将没有电流通过,所述第一发热件122将没有电流通过,所述双金属片的温度将降低至所述预设动作温度之下,所述双金属片将恢复原状,所述第一端和所述第二端导通,此时,电池电芯6通过所述输入端、所述双金属片以及所述第二端连通充电设备7或用电设备8;并且,所述双金属片的温度小于所述预设动作温度的时,所述被动开关保持在导通的状态。本实施例中,所述被动开关组件121在动作后,所述第一发热件122、所述第二发热件13可以恢复原始状态,以及所述被动开关的电阻不会发生改变,从而该被动开关组件121还可以重复使用。In one embodiment, the passive switch assembly 121 includes a first end, a second end and a bimetal strip. When the passive switch assembly 121 is below a preset operating temperature, that is, the first end and the second end The two ends are connected; when the passive switch assembly is above the preset operating temperature, the first end and the second end are disconnected due to spatial displacement due to the change of the deformation state of the bimetal sheet; the battery cell 6 is connected to the first end, and the charging device 7 or the electric device 8 is connected to the second end; the first heating element 122 is connected between the first end and the second end. It can be understood that the bimetallic sheet is formed by laminating metal sheets of different materials on both sides; when the temperature of the bimetallic sheet increases, the amount of deformation is different due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficients of the two materials, thus The bimetal strip will be bent and deformed. When the first controller 2 controls the active switch 11 to be turned on and the second heating element 13 has a current passing through it, the action temperature of the bimetal strip reaches the specified value. The preset operating temperature, the bimetal will deform and drive the disconnection between the input end and the output end, at this time, the battery cell 6 is connected to the charging device 7 through the first heating element 122 or the electric device 8; and, when the action temperature of the bimetal strip is greater than the preset action temperature, the passive switch remains in the off state. When the high current or high voltage of the battery cell 6 is released, the first controller 2 will control the active switch 11 to turn off, at this time, the second heating element 13 will have no current passing through, and the No current will flow through the first heating element 122, the temperature of the bimetal strip will drop below the preset action temperature, the bimetal strip will return to its original state, and the first end and the second end will conduct At this time, the battery cell 6 is connected to the charging device 7 or the electric device 8 through the input terminal, the bimetal strip and the second terminal; and the temperature of the bimetal strip is lower than the preset When the operating temperature is lower, the passive switch remains in a conducting state. In this embodiment, after the passive switch assembly 121 operates, the first heating element 122 and the second heating element 13 can return to their original state, and the resistance of the passive switch will not change, so that the passive switch The switch assembly 121 can also be reused.

在本申请相关技术中,可恢复断路器12能够在其所处的环境温度达到可恢复断路器12的预设动作温度时,被动开关组件121能断开,以使被动开关组件121的第一端和第二端之间断开,进而断开电池电芯6的充放电回路,避免因环境温度过高,或者电池温度过高而影响到可恢复断路器12所处环境温度过高时,电池出现安全风险。并且在可恢复断路器12所处的环境温度变化到低于可恢复断路器12动作的温度时,可恢复断路器12就会恢复成导通状态(也即,第一端和第二端通过触点接触导通),进而使电池充放电回路闭合。但由于存在可恢复断路器12所处的环境温度降至动作温度以下,但电池仍存在安全风险的情况,进而相关技术中的可恢复断路器12无法有效地降低电池安全风险,因此本案提出了利用第一控制器2与主动开关11以及第二发热件13的配合,使可恢复断路器12能够准确地在电池出现安全风险时断开电池充放电回路(也即,利用所述第一控制器2控制所述主动开关11导通,所述第二发热件13中有电流流过时,所述第二发热件13散发的热量辅助所述可恢复断路器12的温度上升至所述预设动作温度,从而所述可恢复断路器12将断开),并在解除安全风险时恢复电池充放电回路(也即,在电池电芯6的充放电回路的高电压或大电流接触时,所述第一控制器2控制所述主动开关11断块,所述第二发热件中将没有电流流过,所述可恢复断路器12的温度将将下降至所述预设动作温度之下,从而所述可恢复断路器12件闭合),从而避免了电池以较高的电压或电流进行充放电,所造成的电池发生爆炸、自燃等安全事故,提升了电池的安全性。In the related technology of this application, when the ambient temperature of the resettable circuit breaker 12 reaches the preset operating temperature of the resettable circuit breaker 12, the passive switch assembly 121 can be disconnected, so that the first passive switch assembly 121 terminal and the second terminal, and then disconnect the charging and discharging circuit of the battery cell 6, so as to avoid the influence of the recoverable circuit breaker 12 when the ambient temperature of the resettable circuit breaker 12 is too high. A security risk arises. And when the ambient temperature of the resettable circuit breaker 12 changes to a temperature lower than the action temperature of the resettable circuit breaker 12, the resettable circuit breaker 12 will return to the conduction state (that is, the first terminal and the second terminal pass through Contact conduction), and then the battery charging and discharging circuit is closed. However, since the ambient temperature of the resettable circuit breaker 12 drops below the operating temperature, the battery still has safety risks, and the resettable circuit breaker 12 in the related art cannot effectively reduce the battery safety risk. Therefore, this case proposes Using the cooperation of the first controller 2 with the active switch 11 and the second heating element 13, the resettable circuit breaker 12 can accurately disconnect the battery charging and discharging circuit when the battery has a safety risk (that is, using the first control The device 2 controls the active switch 11 to conduct, and when the second heating element 13 has current flowing, the heat dissipated by the second heating element 13 assists the temperature of the resettable circuit breaker 12 to rise to the preset value. operating temperature, so that the resettable circuit breaker 12 will be disconnected), and restore the battery charging and discharging circuit when the safety risk is removed (that is, when the high voltage or large current of the charging and discharging circuit of the battery cell 6 contacts, the The first controller 2 controls the active switch 11 to break, no current will flow through the second heating element, and the temperature of the resettable circuit breaker 12 will drop below the preset operating temperature, Thus, the recoverable circuit breaker 12 is closed), thereby avoiding battery charging and discharging with higher voltage or current, resulting in safety accidents such as battery explosion and spontaneous combustion, and improving the safety of the battery.

在一实施例中,如图4和图5所示,所述电池保护电路还包括连接所述第一控制器2的充电保护开关3,所述电池电芯6顺次通过所述可恢复断路器12以及所述充电保护开关3连接充电设备7;可以理解地,所述充电保护开关3为所述电池电芯6的一级保护开关。In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the battery protection circuit further includes a charging protection switch 3 connected to the first controller 2, and the battery cell 6 passes through the recoverable circuit breaker in sequence. The device 12 and the charging protection switch 3 are connected to the charging device 7; it can be understood that the charging protection switch 3 is a primary protection switch for the battery cell 6.

所述第一控制器2还用于在检测到充电设备7对所述电池电芯6进行充电时,若所述可恢复断路器12导通且所述主动开关11断开,且检测到所述电池电芯6的电压大于第二预设电压,控制所述充电保护开关3断开,并持续检测所述电池电芯6的电压;其中,所述第二预设电压小于所述第一预设电压。可以理解地,所述第一预设电压为电池电芯6充电过程中,所述第一控制器2控制所述主动开关11导通或断开的临界电压,一般是指电池充电的安全电压的电压值,当电池电压到达该安全电压时,电池容易发生爆炸、起火等风险,进而造成安全事故。所述第二预设电压为电池电芯6充电过程中,所述第一控制器2控制所述充电保护开关3导通或断开的临界电压,一般是指电池电芯6充电的电池保护电压,当电池电芯6的充电电压达到电池保护电压以上时,能够保证电池6能够正常的充电,并且不会损伤电池,但电池电芯6充电电压小于电池保护电压时,则电池电芯6有可能会因为过充等原因而损伤其使用寿命。在正常的电池充电过程中,所述充电保护开关3以及所述被动开关组件121处于常闭的状态,所述主动开关11处于常开的状态,以保证充电设备7能够稳定地对电池进行充电。进一步地,所述第二预设电压可以根据实际需求来设定。本申请通过在检测到所述电池6的电压大于第二预设电压且小于第一预设电压时,第一控制器控制充电保护开关3断开,以避免电池电压继续升高,而损伤电池寿命。进一步地,当电池电芯6的电压处于第二预设电压和所述第一预设电压之间时,所述电池电芯6的电压可能会造成电池电芯6的损坏,但是不至于造成电池电芯6出现爆炸、自燃等安全事故。The first controller 2 is also used for detecting that the charging device 7 is charging the battery cell 6, if the resettable circuit breaker 12 is turned on and the active switch 11 is turned off, and it is detected that the The voltage of the battery cell 6 is greater than the second preset voltage, the charging protection switch 3 is controlled to be turned off, and the voltage of the battery cell 6 is continuously detected; wherein, the second preset voltage is lower than the first preset voltage. It can be understood that the first preset voltage is the threshold voltage at which the first controller 2 controls the active switch 11 to be turned on or off during the charging process of the battery cell 6, and generally refers to a safe voltage for battery charging. When the battery voltage reaches the safe voltage, the battery is prone to explosion, fire and other risks, which will cause safety accidents. The second preset voltage is the critical voltage at which the first controller 2 controls the charging protection switch 3 to be turned on or off during the charging process of the battery cell 6, and generally refers to the battery protection for charging the battery cell 6. Voltage, when the charging voltage of the battery cell 6 reaches above the battery protection voltage, it can ensure that the battery 6 can be charged normally without damaging the battery, but when the charging voltage of the battery cell 6 is lower than the battery protection voltage, the battery cell 6 It may damage its service life due to overcharging and other reasons. During a normal battery charging process, the charging protection switch 3 and the passive switch assembly 121 are in a normally closed state, and the active switch 11 is in a normally open state, so as to ensure that the charging device 7 can charge the battery stably . Further, the second preset voltage can be set according to actual needs. In this application, when it is detected that the voltage of the battery 6 is greater than the second preset voltage and less than the first preset voltage, the first controller controls the charging protection switch 3 to turn off, so as to avoid the battery voltage from continuing to rise and damage the battery. life. Further, when the voltage of the battery cell 6 is between the second preset voltage and the first preset voltage, the voltage of the battery cell 6 may cause damage to the battery cell 6 , but it will not cause damage to the battery cell 6 . Safety accidents such as explosion and spontaneous combustion occurred in the battery cell 6 .

具体地,在电池电芯6充电的过程中,当所述第一控制器2检测到所述电池电芯6的电压大于第二预设电压且小于第一预设电压时;此时,如果充电设备7继续对电池电芯6进行充电,电池电芯6可能会因电压过大而损伤其使用寿命等事故;因此所述第一控制器2控制所述充电保护开关3关断,从而所述充电设备7将不会对电池电芯6进行充电,从而避免了电池电芯6因充电电压过大而影响其使用寿命。需要说明地,当电池电芯6的电压小于所述第二预设电压时,充电设备7通过所述被动开关组件121和所述充电保护开关3给所述电池电芯6进行正常的充电。Specifically, during the charging process of the battery cell 6, when the first controller 2 detects that the voltage of the battery cell 6 is greater than the second preset voltage and lower than the first preset voltage; at this time, if The charging device 7 continues to charge the battery cell 6, and the battery cell 6 may damage its service life due to excessive voltage; therefore, the first controller 2 controls the charging protection switch 3 to turn off, so that all The above-mentioned charging device 7 will not charge the battery cell 6, thereby preventing the service life of the battery cell 6 from being affected by the excessive charging voltage. It should be noted that when the voltage of the battery cell 6 is lower than the second preset voltage, the charging device 7 charges the battery cell 6 normally through the passive switch assembly 121 and the charging protection switch 3 .

所述第一控制器2还用于在检测到所述电池电芯6的电压大于或等于所述第一预设电压时,控制所述主动开关11导通,以将所述可恢复断路器12的动作温度提升至预设动作温度,进而使得所述可恢复断路器12断开,从而断开整个电池充电回路,防止电池电压继续升高,避免电池出现起火、爆炸等风险。可以理解地,当所述第一控制器2控制所述充电保护开关3断开时,而所述充电保护开关3实际上并没有被断开;从而充电设备7将持续对电池电芯6进行充电,所述电池电芯6的充电电压将会持续升高;当所述第一控制器2检测到所述电池电芯6的充电电压大于或等于所述第一预设电压时,所述第一控制器2控制所述主动开关11导通;此时,所述充电设备7的一部分电流或电压通过所述被动开关组件121进入电池电芯6,另一部分电流或电压通过所述第二发热件13流出,电流流过所述第二发热件13使得所述第二发热件13的温度急剧上升,从而所述第二发热件13的热量使得所述被动开关组件121的温度达到所述预设动作温度,被动开关组件121将自动断开;所述被动开关组件121断开之后,所述充电设备7一部分电流流经第一发热件122进入所述电池电芯6中,另一部分电流经过第二发热件13流出。由于,第一发热件121和第二发热件13为PTC电阻,因此当其自身流经电流后,第一发热件121和第二发热件13能够维持被动开关组件处于断开状态,从而所述第一发热件122将起到分压、限流的技术效果,避免了电池电压的电压过大而出现自燃、爆炸等事故。The first controller 2 is also used to control the active switch 11 to turn on when it detects that the voltage of the battery cell 6 is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, so as to turn on the resettable circuit breaker. The operating temperature of 12 is raised to the preset operating temperature, and then the resettable circuit breaker 12 is disconnected, thereby disconnecting the entire battery charging circuit, preventing the battery voltage from continuing to rise, and avoiding risks such as fire and explosion of the battery. It can be understood that when the first controller 2 controls the charging protection switch 3 to be turned off, the charging protection switch 3 is not actually turned off; thus the charging device 7 will continue to charge the battery cell 6 charging, the charging voltage of the battery cell 6 will continue to increase; when the first controller 2 detects that the charging voltage of the battery cell 6 is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, the The first controller 2 controls the active switch 11 to be turned on; at this time, a part of the current or voltage of the charging device 7 enters the battery cell 6 through the passive switch assembly 121, and another part of the current or voltage passes through the second The heating element 13 flows out, and the current flows through the second heating element 13 so that the temperature of the second heating element 13 rises sharply, so that the heat of the second heating element 13 makes the temperature of the passive switch assembly 121 reach the Preset operating temperature, the passive switch assembly 121 will be automatically disconnected; after the passive switch assembly 121 is disconnected, a part of the current of the charging device 7 flows into the battery cell 6 through the first heating element 122, and another part of the current It flows out through the second heating element 13. Since the first heating element 121 and the second heating element 13 are PTC resistors, when a current flows through themselves, the first heating element 121 and the second heating element 13 can maintain the passive switch assembly in an off state, so that the The first heating element 122 will have the technical effects of voltage division and current limitation, avoiding accidents such as spontaneous combustion and explosion due to excessive voltage of the battery voltage.

在一实施例中,如图4和图5所示,所述电池保护电路还包括连接所述第一控制器2的充电保护开关3,所述电池电芯6顺次通过所述可恢复断路器12以及所述充电保护开关3连接充电设备7。In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the battery protection circuit further includes a charging protection switch 3 connected to the first controller 2, and the battery cell 6 passes through the recoverable circuit breaker in sequence. The device 12 and the charging protection switch 3 are connected to the charging device 7 .

所述第一控制器2还用于在检测到充电设备7对所述电池电芯6进行充电时,若所述可恢复断路器12导通且所述主动开关11断开,且检测到所述电池电芯6的电流大于或第二预设电流且小于第一预设电流时,则控制所述充电保护开关3断开,并持续检测所述电池电芯6的电流。可以理解地,所述第一预设电流为电池电芯6充电过程中,所述第一控制器2控制所述主动开关11导通或断开的临界电流,一般是指电池充电的安全电流的电流值,当电池充电电流到达该安全电流后,电池容易发生爆炸、起火等风险,进而造成安全事故。所述第二预设电流为电池电芯6充电过程中,所述第一控制器2控制所述充电保护开关3断开或导通的临界电流,且所述第二预设电流可以根据实际需求来设定,一般是指电池充电的电池保护电流,当电池充电电流达到电池保护电流以下时,能够保证电池正常充电行,并且不会损伤电池,但电池充电电流大于电池保护电流时,则电池可能会损伤其使用寿命。进一步地,所述第二预设电流可以根据实际需求来设定。本申请通过在检测到所述电池6的充电电流大于第二预设电流且小于第一预设电流时,第一控制器控制充电保护开关3断开,以避免电池电流继续升高,而损伤电池寿命。进一步地,当电池电芯6的充电电流处于第二预设电流和所述第一预设电流之间时,所述电池电芯6的电流可能会造成电池电芯6的损坏,但是不至于造成电池电芯6出现爆炸、自燃等安全事故。The first controller 2 is also used for detecting that the charging device 7 is charging the battery cell 6, if the resettable circuit breaker 12 is turned on and the active switch 11 is turned off, and it is detected that the When the current of the battery cell 6 is greater than or the second preset current and less than the first preset current, the charging protection switch 3 is controlled to be turned off, and the current of the battery cell 6 is continuously detected. Understandably, the first preset current is the critical current at which the first controller 2 controls the active switch 11 to be turned on or off during the charging process of the battery cell 6, and generally refers to a safe current for battery charging. When the battery charging current reaches the safe current value, the battery is prone to explosion, fire and other risks, which will cause safety accidents. The second preset current is the critical current at which the first controller 2 controls the charging protection switch 3 to be turned off or on during the charging process of the battery cell 6, and the second preset current can be determined according to the actual situation. It can be set according to the requirement, generally refers to the battery protection current for battery charging, when the battery charging current is below the battery protection current, it can ensure the normal charging of the battery without damaging the battery, but when the battery charging current is greater than the battery protection current, then Batteries may impair their lifespan. Further, the second preset current can be set according to actual needs. In this application, when it is detected that the charging current of the battery 6 is greater than the second preset current and less than the first preset current, the first controller controls the charging protection switch 3 to turn off, so as to prevent the battery current from continuing to rise and damage the battery. Battery Life. Further, when the charging current of the battery cell 6 is between the second preset current and the first preset current, the current of the battery cell 6 may cause damage to the battery cell 6, but it will not Cause safety accidents such as explosion and spontaneous combustion in the battery cell 6 .

具体地,在电池电芯6充电的过程中,当所述第一控制器2检测到所述电池电芯6的电流大于第二预设电流且小于所述第一预设电流时;此时,如果充电设备7继续对电池电芯6进行充电,电池电芯6可能因充电电流过大而损伤其使用寿命事故;因此,所述第一控制器2控制所述充电保护开关3关断,从而所述充电设备7将不会对电池电芯6进行充电,从而避免了电池电芯6因充电电压过大而影响其使用寿命。需要说明地,当电池电芯6的充电电流小于所述第二预设电流时,充电设备7通过所述被动开关组件121和所述充电保护开关3给所述电池电芯6进行充电。Specifically, during the charging process of the battery cell 6, when the first controller 2 detects that the current of the battery cell 6 is greater than the second preset current and less than the first preset current; at this time , if the charging device 7 continues to charge the battery cell 6, the battery cell 6 may damage its service life due to an excessive charging current; therefore, the first controller 2 controls the charging protection switch 3 to turn off, Therefore, the charging device 7 will not charge the battery cell 6, thereby preventing the service life of the battery cell 6 from being affected by excessive charging voltage. It should be noted that when the charging current of the battery cell 6 is less than the second preset current, the charging device 7 charges the battery cell 6 through the passive switch assembly 121 and the charging protection switch 3 .

所述第一控制器2还用于在检测到所述电池电芯6的电流大于或等于所述第一预设电流时,控制所述主动开关11导通,以将所述可恢复断路器12的动作温度提升至预设动作温度,进而使得所述可恢复断路器12断开,从而断开整个电池充电回路,防止电池电流继续升高,避免电池出现起火、爆炸等风险。可以理解地,当所述第一控制器2控制所述充电保护开关3断开时,而所述充电保护开关3实际上并没有被断开;从而充电设备7将持续对电池电芯6进行充电,电池的充电电流将会持续升高;所述第一控制器2控制所述主动开关11导通;此时,所述充电设备7的一部分电流或电压通过所述被动开关组件121进入电池电芯6,另一部分电流或电压通过所述第二发热件13流出,电流流过所述第二发热件13使得所述第二发热件13的温度急剧上升,从而所述第二发热件13的热量使得所述被动开关组件121的温度达到所述预设动作温度,被动开关组件121将自动断开;所述被动开关断开之后,所述充电设备7一部分电流流经第一发热件122进入所述电池电芯6中,另一部分电流经过第二发热件13流出。由于,第一发热件121和第二发热件13为PTC电阻,因此当其自身流经电流后,第一发热件121和第二发热件13能够维持被动开关组件处于断开状态,从而所述第一发热件122将起到分流的技术效果,避免了电池电压的电流过大而出现的自燃、爆炸等事故。并且由于在被动开关组件121断开后,第一发热件122和第二发热件13能够始终维持被动开关组件121断开,进而提高了电池的安全性,避免电池充电电流持续升高,降低电池起火甚至爆炸的风险。The first controller 2 is also used to control the active switch 11 to turn on when it detects that the current of the battery cell 6 is greater than or equal to the first preset current, so as to turn on the resettable circuit breaker. The operating temperature of 12 is raised to the preset operating temperature, and then the resettable circuit breaker 12 is disconnected, thereby disconnecting the entire battery charging circuit, preventing the battery current from continuing to rise, and avoiding risks such as fire and explosion of the battery. It can be understood that when the first controller 2 controls the charging protection switch 3 to be turned off, the charging protection switch 3 is not actually turned off; thus the charging device 7 will continue to charge the battery cell 6 charging, the charging current of the battery will continue to increase; the first controller 2 controls the active switch 11 to be turned on; at this time, a part of the current or voltage of the charging device 7 enters the battery through the passive switch assembly 121 The battery cell 6, another part of the current or voltage flows out through the second heating element 13, and the current flows through the second heating element 13 so that the temperature of the second heating element 13 rises sharply, so that the second heating element 13 The heat of the passive switch assembly 121 makes the temperature of the passive switch assembly 121 reach the preset action temperature, and the passive switch assembly 121 will be automatically disconnected; after the passive switch is disconnected, a part of the current of the charging device 7 flows through the first heating element 122 Into the battery cell 6 , another part of the current flows out through the second heating element 13 . Since the first heating element 121 and the second heating element 13 are PTC resistors, when a current flows through themselves, the first heating element 121 and the second heating element 13 can maintain the passive switch assembly in an off state, so that the The first heating element 122 will play a technical effect of shunting, avoiding accidents such as spontaneous combustion and explosion caused by excessive current of the battery voltage. And since the first heating element 122 and the second heating element 13 can keep the passive switching assembly 121 disconnected after the passive switch assembly 121 is disconnected, thereby improving the safety of the battery, avoiding the continuous increase of the battery charging current and reducing the battery life. Risk of fire or even explosion.

在一实施例中,如图4和图5所示,所述电池保护电路还包括连接所述第一控制器2的放电保护开关4,所述电池电芯6顺次通过所述可恢复断路器12以及所述放电保护开关4连接用电设备8;可以理解地,所述放电保护开关4为所述电池电芯6的一级保护开关。In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the battery protection circuit further includes a discharge protection switch 4 connected to the first controller 2, and the battery cell 6 passes through the recoverable circuit breaker in sequence. The device 12 and the discharge protection switch 4 are connected to the electrical equipment 8; it can be understood that the discharge protection switch 4 is a primary protection switch for the battery cell 6.

所述第一控制器2还用于在检测到所述电池电芯6对用电设备8进行放电时,若所述可恢复断路器12导通且所述主动开关11断开,且所述电池电芯6的电压小于第三预设电压,则控制所述放电保护开关4断开,并持续检测所述电池电芯6的电流;其中,所述第三预设电压小于所述第一预设电压;可以理解地,所述第三预设电压为电池电芯6放电过程中,所述第一控制器2控制所述放电保护开关4导通或断开的临界电压;一般是指电池电芯6放电的电池保护电压,当电池电芯6的放电电压处于第三预设电压以上,且在所述第一预设电压以下时,能够保证电池6能够正常的放电,并且不会损伤电池;但电池电芯6的放电电压处于第二预设电压以下时,则电池电芯6就会因为过量放电而损伤其使用寿命。而所述放电保护开关4和所述被动开关组件121处于常闭的状态,所述主动开关11处于常开的状态;也即,电池电芯6处于正常放电的过程中,所述放电保护开关4和所述被动开关组件121处于导通的状态,所述主动开关11处于断开的状态。进一步地,所述第三预设电压可以根据实际需求来设定;而所述电池电芯6正常情况下是恒流或恒功率放电的。本申请通过在检测到所述电池6的放电电压小于所述第三预设电压时,控制所述放电保护开关4断开,以避免电池电压继续降低,而损伤电池寿命。The first controller 2 is further configured to detect that the battery cell 6 is discharging the electric device 8, if the resettable circuit breaker 12 is turned on and the active switch 11 is turned off, and the When the voltage of the battery cell 6 is lower than the third preset voltage, the discharge protection switch 4 is controlled to be turned off, and the current of the battery cell 6 is continuously detected; wherein, the third preset voltage is lower than the first preset voltage Preset voltage; understandably, the third preset voltage is the critical voltage at which the first controller 2 controls the discharge protection switch 4 to be turned on or off during the discharge process of the battery cell 6; generally refers to The battery protection voltage of the battery cell 6 discharge, when the discharge voltage of the battery cell 6 is above the third preset voltage and below the first preset voltage, it can ensure that the battery 6 can be discharged normally, and will not damage the battery; but when the discharge voltage of the battery cell 6 is below the second preset voltage, the battery cell 6 will damage its service life due to excessive discharge. While the discharge protection switch 4 and the passive switch assembly 121 are in a normally closed state, the active switch 11 is in a normally open state; that is, the battery cell 6 is in the process of normal discharge, and the discharge protection switch 4 and the passive switch component 121 are in the on state, and the active switch 11 is in the off state. Further, the third preset voltage can be set according to actual needs; and the battery cells 6 are normally discharged with constant current or constant power. In the present application, when it is detected that the discharge voltage of the battery 6 is lower than the third preset voltage, the discharge protection switch 4 is controlled to be turned off, so as to prevent the battery voltage from continuing to decrease and damage the battery life.

具体地,在电池电芯6放电的过程中,当所述第一控制器2检测到所述电池电芯6的电压大于第三预设电压时;此时,如果电池电芯6持续对对用电设备8进行放电,电池电芯6可能会发生发鼓、漏液等事故;此时,所述第一控制器2控制所述放电保护开关4关断,从而电池电芯6不会对用电设备8进行放电,避免了电池电芯6因持续放电导致其电压过低,进而出现发鼓、漏液事故。需要说明地,当电池电芯6的电压小于所述第三预设电压,所述电池电芯6通过所述被动开关和所述放电保护开关4给用电设备8进行正常的放电。Specifically, during the discharge process of the battery cell 6, when the first controller 2 detects that the voltage of the battery cell 6 is greater than the third preset voltage; at this time, if the battery cell 6 continues to When the electrical equipment 8 is discharged, accidents such as drumming and liquid leakage may occur in the battery cell 6; at this time, the first controller 2 controls the discharge protection switch 4 to turn off, so that the battery cell 6 will not be damaged. The electrical equipment 8 is discharged, which avoids the battery cell 6 from being too low in voltage due to continuous discharge, and then bulging and liquid leakage accidents occur. It should be noted that when the voltage of the battery cell 6 is lower than the third preset voltage, the battery cell 6 performs normal discharge to the electric device 8 through the passive switch and the discharge protection switch 4 .

所述第一控制器2还用于在检测到所述电池电芯6的电流大于或等于所述第一预设电流时,控制所述主动开关11导通,以将所述可恢复断路器12的动作温度提升至预设动作温度,进而使得所述可恢复断路器12断开,从而断开整个电池放电回路,防止电池继续大电流放电,避免电池出现起火、爆炸等风险。可以理解地,当所述第一控制器2控制所述放电保护开关4断开时,而所述放电保护开关4实际上并没有被断开;从而电池电芯6将持续以较大的电流对用电设备8进行放电,所述电池电芯6的电压将会持续降低;当所述第一控制器2检测到所述电池电芯6的电流大于或等于所述第一预设电流时,所述第一控制器2控制所述主动开关11导通,此时,所述电池电芯6的一部分电流通过所述被动开关组件121进入用电设备8中,另一部分电流通过被动开关组件122和和所述第二发热件13流出;此后,所述被动开关组件122和所述第二发热件13均有电流流过,从而所述第一发热件122和所述第二发热件13的温度将会升高,进而使得所述被动开关组件121的动作温度达到所述预设动作温度,所述被动开关组件121件自动断开;所述被动开关组件121件自动断开之后,电池电芯6的一部分电流通过所述第一发热件122流入电设备8,另一部分电流通过所述第一发热件122和第二发热件13流回所述电池电芯,从而避免了电池电芯6持续以较大的电流给用电设备8进行放电,而出现的爆炸、自燃等事故。The first controller 2 is also used to control the active switch 11 to turn on when it detects that the current of the battery cell 6 is greater than or equal to the first preset current, so as to turn on the resettable circuit breaker. The operating temperature of 12 is raised to the preset operating temperature, and then the resettable circuit breaker 12 is disconnected, thereby disconnecting the entire battery discharge circuit, preventing the battery from continuing to discharge at a large current, and avoiding risks such as fire and explosion of the battery. It can be understood that when the first controller 2 controls the discharge protection switch 4 to be disconnected, the discharge protection switch 4 is not actually disconnected; thus, the battery cell 6 will continue to discharge with a relatively large current When the electrical equipment 8 is discharged, the voltage of the battery cell 6 will continue to decrease; when the first controller 2 detects that the current of the battery cell 6 is greater than or equal to the first preset current , the first controller 2 controls the active switch 11 to be turned on, at this time, a part of the current of the battery cell 6 enters the electric device 8 through the passive switch assembly 121, and another part of the current passes through the passive switch assembly 122 and the second heating element 13 flow out; thereafter, both the passive switch assembly 122 and the second heating element 13 have current flow, so that the first heating element 122 and the second heating element 13 The temperature will increase, so that the action temperature of the passive switch assembly 121 reaches the preset action temperature, and the passive switch assembly 121 is automatically disconnected; after the passive switch assembly 121 is automatically disconnected, the battery A part of the current of the battery cell 6 flows into the electric device 8 through the first heating element 122, and another part of the current flows back to the battery cell through the first heating element 122 and the second heating element 13, thereby avoiding the battery cell 6 Continuously discharge the electrical equipment 8 with a large current, and accidents such as explosion and spontaneous combustion occur.

在一实施例中,如图3和图4所示,所述电池保护电路还包括连接所述第一控制器2的放电保护开关4,所述电池电芯6顺次通过所述可恢复断路器12以及所述放电保护开关4连接用电设备8。In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the battery protection circuit further includes a discharge protection switch 4 connected to the first controller 2, and the battery cell 6 passes through the recoverable circuit breaker in sequence. The device 12 and the discharge protection switch 4 are connected to the electrical equipment 8 .

所述第一控制器2还用于在检测到所述电池电芯6对用电设备8进行放电时,若所述可恢复断路器12导通且所述主动开关11断开,且所述电池电芯6的电流大于第三预设电流,则控制所述放电保护开关4断开,并持续检测所述电池电芯6的电流;所述第三预设电流小于所述第一预设电流;可以理解地,所述第三预设电流为所述电池电芯6放电过程中,所述第一控制器2控制所述放电保护开关4导通或断开的临界电流;一般是指电池放电的电池保护电流,当电池电芯6的放电电流处于该电池保护电流以下时,能够保证电池6能够正常的放电,并且不会损伤电池;但电池电芯6的放电电流处于该电池保护电流以上时,则电池电芯6就会因为过大电流放电而损伤其使用寿命。所述第一预设电流为所述电池电芯6放电过程中,所述第一控制器控制所述主动开关11导通或断开的临界电流;一般是指电池放电的安全电流的电流值,当电池放电电流处于该安全电流以上,电池容易发生爆炸、起火等风险,进而造成安全事故。而所述第三预设电流可以根据实际需求来设定。本申请通过在检测到所述电池6的放电电流大于第三预设电流且小于第一预设电流时,第一控制器控制放电保护开关4断开,以避免电池的放电电流继续升高,而损伤电池寿命。进一步地,当电池电芯6的放电电流处于第三预设电流和所述第一预设电流之间时,所述电池电芯6的放电电流可能会造成电池电芯6的损坏,但是不至于造成电池电芯6出现爆炸、自燃等安全事故。The first controller 2 is further configured to detect that the battery cell 6 is discharging the electric device 8, if the resettable circuit breaker 12 is turned on and the active switch 11 is turned off, and the When the current of the battery cell 6 is greater than the third preset current, the discharge protection switch 4 is controlled to be turned off, and the current of the battery cell 6 is continuously detected; the third preset current is less than the first preset current current; understandably, the third preset current is the critical current at which the first controller 2 controls the discharge protection switch 4 to be turned on or off during the discharge process of the battery cell 6; generally refers to The battery protection current for battery discharge, when the discharge current of the battery cell 6 is below the battery protection current, it can ensure that the battery 6 can discharge normally without damaging the battery; but the discharge current of the battery cell 6 is below the battery protection current. When the current is above, the battery cell 6 will damage its service life due to excessive current discharge. The first preset current is the critical current that the first controller controls the active switch 11 to turn on or off during the discharge process of the battery cell 6; it generally refers to the current value of the safe current for battery discharge , when the battery discharge current is above the safe current, the battery is prone to explosion, fire and other risks, which will cause safety accidents. The third preset current can be set according to actual needs. In the present application, when it is detected that the discharge current of the battery 6 is greater than the third preset current and less than the first preset current, the first controller controls the discharge protection switch 4 to turn off, so as to avoid the discharge current of the battery from continuing to rise, And damage the battery life. Further, when the discharge current of the battery cell 6 is between the third preset current and the first preset current, the discharge current of the battery cell 6 may cause damage to the battery cell 6, but not As for causing safety accidents such as explosion and spontaneous combustion in the battery cell 6 .

具体地,在电池电芯6放电的过程中,当所述第一控制器2检测到所述电池电芯6的电流大于第三预设电流且小于所述第一预设电流时;此时,如果电池电芯6持续以较高的电流对用电设备8进行放电,电池电芯6可能会因放电电流过大而损伤其使用寿命;因此,所述第一控制器2控制所述放电保护开关4关断,从而电池电芯6不会对用电设备8进行放电,从而避免了电池电芯6因放电电流过大而影响其使用寿命。Specifically, during the discharge process of the battery cell 6, when the first controller 2 detects that the current of the battery cell 6 is greater than the third preset current and smaller than the first preset current; at this time , if the battery cell 6 continues to discharge the electrical equipment 8 with a higher current, the battery cell 6 may damage its service life due to excessive discharge current; therefore, the first controller 2 controls the discharge The protection switch 4 is turned off, so that the battery cell 6 will not discharge the electrical equipment 8, thereby preventing the service life of the battery cell 6 from being affected by an excessive discharge current.

所述第一控制器2还用于在检测到所述电池电芯6的电流大于或等于所述第一预设电流时,控制所述主动开关11导通,以将所述可恢复断路器12的动作温度提升至预设动作温度,进而使得所述可恢复断路器12断开,从而断开整个电池放电回路,防止电池继续大电流放电,避免电池出现起火、爆炸等风险。可以理解地,当所述第一控制器2控制所述放电保护开关4断开时,而所述放电保护开关4实际上并没有被断开;从而电池电芯6将持续以较大的电流对用电设备8进行放电,所述电池电芯6将继续发电,第一控制器2控制所述主动开关11导通,此时,所述电池电芯6的一部分电流通过所述被动开关组件121进入用电设备8中,另一部分电流通过第一发热件122和所述第二发热件13回到电池电芯6的负极;此后,所述第一发热件122和所述第二发热件13均有电流流过,从而所述第一发热件122和所述第二发热件13的热量将会使得所述被动开关组件121的动作温度达到所述预设动作温度,进而带动所述被动开关组件121断开;所述被动开关组件121断开之后,电池电芯6的一部分电流通过所述第一发热件122流入电设备8,另一部分电流通过所述第一发热件122和第二发热件13流回所述电池电芯,从而避免了电池电芯6持续以较大的电流给用电设备8进行放电,而出现的爆炸、自燃等事故。The first controller 2 is also used to control the active switch 11 to turn on when it detects that the current of the battery cell 6 is greater than or equal to the first preset current, so as to turn on the resettable circuit breaker. The operating temperature of 12 is raised to the preset operating temperature, and then the resettable circuit breaker 12 is disconnected, thereby disconnecting the entire battery discharge circuit, preventing the battery from continuing to discharge at a large current, and avoiding risks such as fire and explosion of the battery. It can be understood that when the first controller 2 controls the discharge protection switch 4 to be disconnected, the discharge protection switch 4 is not actually disconnected; thus, the battery cell 6 will continue to discharge with a relatively large current Discharge the electrical equipment 8, the battery cell 6 will continue to generate electricity, the first controller 2 controls the active switch 11 to be turned on, at this time, a part of the current of the battery cell 6 passes through the passive switch assembly 121 enters the electrical equipment 8, and another part of the current returns to the negative pole of the battery cell 6 through the first heating element 122 and the second heating element 13; thereafter, the first heating element 122 and the second heating element 13 has a current flowing through them, so that the heat of the first heating element 122 and the second heating element 13 will make the action temperature of the passive switch assembly 121 reach the preset action temperature, and then drive the passive switch assembly 121 The switch assembly 121 is disconnected; after the passive switch assembly 121 is disconnected, a part of the current of the battery cell 6 flows into the electrical equipment 8 through the first heating element 122, and another part of the current flows through the first heating element 122 and the second heating element 122. The heating element 13 flows back to the battery cell, thereby avoiding accidents such as explosion and spontaneous combustion caused by the battery cell 6 continuously discharging a large current to the electrical device 8 .

在一实施例中,如图4和图5所示,所述电池电芯6通过所述可恢复断路器12连接充电设备7;所述电池保护电路还包括第二控制器5,所述第二控制器5连接所述电池电芯6以及所述主动开关11;可以理解地,所述第二控制器5与所述第一控制器2均可以控制所述主动开关11导通和断开。In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the battery cell 6 is connected to the charging device 7 through the recoverable circuit breaker 12; the battery protection circuit further includes a second controller 5, and the first The second controller 5 is connected to the battery cell 6 and the active switch 11; understandably, both the second controller 5 and the first controller 2 can control the active switch 11 to be turned on and off .

所述第二控制器5用于在检测到所述电池电芯6的电压大于或等于极限预设电压时,控制所述主动开关11导通;其中,所述极限预设电压大于所述第一预设电压。可以理解地,所述极限预设电压为所述电池电芯6充电的过程中,所述第二控制器5控制所述主动开关11导通或断开的临界电压,一般是指电池充电的极限电压,当电池电压到达该极限电压后,电池极容易发生爆炸、起火等风险,进而造成安全事故。需要所明的,所述极限预设电压大于所述第一预设电压,所述第一预设电压大于所述第二预设电压所述第二预设电压为所述电池电芯6充电的过程中,所述第一控制器2控制所述充电保护开关3导通或断开的临界电压,一般是指电池充电的电池保护电压(也即,当充电电芯在所述第二预设电压以下时,电池可以进行正常的充电工作,而不损伤其使用寿命;当充电电芯在所述第二预设电压以上时,电池因充电电压过高,而不损伤其使用寿命);所述第一预设电压为所述电池电芯6充电的过程中,所述第一控制器2控制所述主动开关11导通或断开的临界电压,一般是指电池充电的安全电压(也即,当充电电芯在所述第一预设电压以上时,电池因充电电压过高而容易发生爆炸、自燃等事故)。进一步地,电池的充电电压大于所述极限预设电压时,电池出现爆炸、自燃等事故的概率很大,电池的充电电压处于所述第一预设电压和所述极限预设电压之间时,电池出现爆炸。自燃等事故的概率较大;当电池的充电电压处于第二预设电压和第一预设电压之间时,电池充电时会损伤其使用寿命,而不至于发生爆炸、自燃等安全事故;或者发生爆炸、自燃等安全事故的概率较低;当电池的充电电压处于第二预设电压以下时,电池可以进行正常的充电工作。具体地,在充电设备7对电池电芯6进行充电的过程中,当所述第一控制器2检测到所述电池电芯6的电压大于第一预设电压时,所述第一控制器2将所述第一主动开关11导通时,从而所述第一发热件122将起到分压、限流的技术效果,避免电池电芯6因电压过高而发生自燃、爆炸等事故;如果所述第一控制器2因为故障等原因,在所述电池电芯6的电压大于或等于所述第一预设电压时,所述主动开关11没有导通;此时,所述电池电芯6的电压将进一步升高,当所述第二控制器5检测到电池电芯6的电压大于或等于所述极限预设电压时,所述第二控制器5将控制所述主动开关11导通,从而所述第一发热件122和所述第二发热件13均接入电池电芯6的充电电路中,进而可以避免电池电芯6的电压过高而出现的自燃、爆炸等事故。The second controller 5 is used to control the active switch 11 to turn on when it detects that the voltage of the battery cell 6 is greater than or equal to a preset limit voltage; wherein, the preset limit voltage is greater than the first preset voltage a preset voltage. It can be understood that the preset limit voltage is the critical voltage at which the second controller 5 controls the active switch 11 to be turned on or off during the process of charging the battery cell 6, which generally refers to the threshold voltage for charging the battery. Limit voltage, when the battery voltage reaches the limit voltage, the battery is very prone to explosion, fire and other risks, which will cause safety accidents. It should be noted that the limit preset voltage is greater than the first preset voltage, and the first preset voltage is greater than the second preset voltage. The second preset voltage charges the battery cell 6 During the process, the first controller 2 controls the critical voltage of the charging protection switch 3 to be turned on or off, which generally refers to the battery protection voltage of battery charging (that is, when the charging cell is in the second preset When the voltage is below the set voltage, the battery can perform normal charging work without damaging its service life; when the charging cell is above the second preset voltage, the battery will not damage its service life due to the high charging voltage); During the process of charging the battery cell 6 by the first preset voltage, the first controller 2 controls the threshold voltage at which the active switch 11 is turned on or off, which generally refers to a safe voltage for battery charging ( That is, when the charging cell is above the first preset voltage, the battery is prone to accidents such as explosion and spontaneous combustion due to the charging voltage being too high). Further, when the charging voltage of the battery is greater than the preset limit voltage, the probability of accidents such as explosion and spontaneous combustion of the battery is high; when the charging voltage of the battery is between the first preset voltage and the preset limit voltage , the battery exploded. The probability of accidents such as spontaneous combustion is high; when the charging voltage of the battery is between the second preset voltage and the first preset voltage, the service life of the battery will be damaged during charging, and safety accidents such as explosion and spontaneous combustion will not occur; or The probability of safety accidents such as explosion and spontaneous combustion is low; when the charging voltage of the battery is below the second preset voltage, the battery can perform normal charging work. Specifically, in the process of charging the battery cell 6 by the charging device 7, when the first controller 2 detects that the voltage of the battery cell 6 is greater than the first preset voltage, the first controller 2. When the first active switch 11 is turned on, the first heating element 122 will have the technical effects of voltage division and current limitation, so as to avoid accidents such as spontaneous combustion and explosion of the battery cell 6 due to excessive voltage; If the first controller 2 is due to failure or other reasons, when the voltage of the battery cell 6 is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, the active switch 11 is not turned on; at this time, the battery cell The voltage of the cell 6 will further increase, and when the second controller 5 detects that the voltage of the battery cell 6 is greater than or equal to the limit preset voltage, the second controller 5 will control the active switch 11 Conduction, so that the first heating element 122 and the second heating element 13 are connected to the charging circuit of the battery cell 6, thereby avoiding accidents such as spontaneous combustion and explosion caused by the voltage of the battery cell 6 being too high .

进一步地,每个电池包有多个所述电池电芯6组成,每个所述电池电芯6都会分担一部分充电设备7的总电压;在电池包组装的过程中,所述电池包中的一个或多个电池电芯6出现电压信号断路时,由于第一控制器2内部的检测原因,第一控制器2检测的电压值高于实际电芯电压值而会生误动作,此时,所述的第二控制器5检测到该电压值高于所述预设极限电压时,所述第二控制器5件控制所述主动开关11导通,进而所述电池保护电路中将连接有所述可恢复断路器12,可恢复断路器12在电池电芯的电压过高时,其会导致所述被动开关断开,进而使得所述电池电芯6的电压持续升高;因为使用有所述可恢复断路器12,在其连接正常后可恢复而不会损坏电池包。Further, each battery pack is composed of a plurality of battery cells 6, and each of the battery cells 6 will share a part of the total voltage of the charging device 7; during the assembly of the battery pack, the When the voltage signal of one or more battery cells 6 is disconnected, due to the internal detection of the first controller 2, the voltage value detected by the first controller 2 is higher than the actual cell voltage value and a malfunction will occur. At this time, When the second controller 5 detects that the voltage value is higher than the preset limit voltage, the second controller 5 controls the active switch 11 to be turned on, and then the battery protection circuit will be connected with The resettable circuit breaker 12, when the voltage of the battery cell 12 is too high, it will cause the passive switch to be disconnected, so that the voltage of the battery cell 6 continues to rise; because the use of The resettable circuit breaker 12 can be restored without damaging the battery pack after its connection is normal.

需要所明的,在如图3所示的电池保护电路中,所述充电保护开关3和所述放电保护开关4为电池包的一级保护开关,所述可恢复断路控制电路1为电池包的二级保护开关,另外,每个电池电芯6还需要设计一个三级保护开关。在如图4所示的实施例中,其中一个所述三级保护开关为所述可恢复断路控制电路1,该可恢复断路控制电路1可以进到三级保护开关以及所述二级保护开关的作用,从而在电池保护电路中减少了一个二级保护开关,减小了电池保护电路的空间布局紧张和热反应集中等问题。It should be noted that in the battery protection circuit shown in Figure 3, the charge protection switch 3 and the discharge protection switch 4 are primary protection switches of the battery pack, and the recoverable disconnection control circuit 1 is a battery pack In addition, each battery cell 6 also needs to design a third-level protection switch. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, one of the three-level protection switches is the recoverable disconnection control circuit 1, and the recoverable disconnection control circuit 1 can enter the third-level protection switch and the second-level protection switch. Therefore, a secondary protection switch is reduced in the battery protection circuit, which reduces the problems of space layout and thermal reaction concentration of the battery protection circuit.

本发明另一实施例还提供了一种电池包,包括电池和上述的电池保护电路。可以理解地,电池可以根据实际需求设置多个所述电池电芯6。Another embodiment of the present invention also provides a battery pack, including a battery and the above-mentioned battery protection circuit. It can be understood that the battery can be provided with multiple battery cells 6 according to actual needs.

以上仅为本发明较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention .

Claims (10)

1. A battery protection circuit, comprising a resettable circuit control circuit and a first controller; the restorable circuit-breaking control circuit comprises an active switch and a restorable circuit breaker; one end of the active switch is connected with the first controller, the other end of the active switch is connected with the restorable circuit breaker and external equipment, and one end, far away from the external equipment, of the restorable circuit breaker is connected with the battery cell;
the first controller is used for detecting the temperature, the current and the voltage of the battery cell in real time;
the first controller is further configured to control the active switch to be turned on when detecting that the temperature of the battery electric core is greater than or equal to a preset battery temperature, or the current of the battery electric core is greater than or equal to a first preset current, or the voltage of the battery electric core is greater than or equal to a first preset voltage, so as to raise the action temperature of the recoverable circuit breaker to a preset action temperature, and further disconnect the recoverable circuit breaker; the recoverable circuit breaker keeps off when the action temperature is greater than or equal to the preset action temperature, and is switched on when the action temperature is less than the preset action temperature.
2. The battery protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the first controller is further configured to control the active switch to be turned off when it is detected that the temperature of the battery cell is less than a preset battery temperature, the current of the battery cell is less than a first preset current, and the voltage of the battery cell is less than a first preset voltage.
3. The battery protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the recoverable circuit breaker comprises a passive switch assembly and a first heat generating component, the recoverable circuit breaker control circuit further comprising a second heat generating component; the first heating element and the passive switch component are connected in parallel between the battery cell and external equipment, one end of the second heating element is connected with the active switch, and the other end of the second heating element is connected to a connecting circuit between the first heating element and the external equipment; one end of the active switch, which is far away from the second heating element, is connected with the first controller;
the second heating part is used for heating the passive switch assembly to the preset action temperature when the active switch is switched on.
4. The battery protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the first heat generating member is a first PTC resistor and the second heat generating member is a second PTC resistor.
5. The battery protection circuit of claim 1, further comprising a charge protection switch connected to the first controller, wherein the battery cell is connected to a charging device through the recoverable circuit breaker and the charge protection switch in sequence;
the first controller is further configured to, when it is detected that the charging device charges the battery electric core, control the charging protection switch to be turned off and continuously detect the voltage of the battery electric core if the recoverable circuit breaker is turned on and the active switch is turned off, and the voltage of the battery electric core is greater than a second preset voltage; wherein the second preset voltage is less than the first preset voltage;
the first controller is further configured to control the active switch to be turned on when it is detected that the voltage of the battery electric core is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, so as to raise the action temperature of the recoverable circuit breaker to a preset action temperature, and further disconnect the recoverable circuit breaker.
6. The battery protection circuit of claim 1, further comprising a charge protection switch connected to the first controller, wherein the battery cell is connected to a charging device through the recoverable circuit breaker and the charge protection switch in sequence;
the first controller is further configured to, when it is detected that the charging device charges the battery electric core, control the charging protection switch to be turned off and continuously detect the current of the battery electric core if the recoverable circuit breaker is turned on and the active switch is turned off, and the current of the battery electric core is greater than or equal to a second preset current; wherein the second preset current is smaller than the first preset current;
the first controller is further configured to control the active switch to be turned on when it is detected that the current of the battery electric core is greater than or equal to the first preset current, so as to raise the action temperature of the recoverable circuit breaker to a preset action temperature, and further disconnect the recoverable circuit breaker.
7. The battery protection circuit of claim 1, further comprising a discharge protection switch connected to the first controller, the battery cells being connected to a consumer in sequence through the recoverable circuit breaker and the discharge protection switch;
the first controller is further configured to, when detecting that the battery electric core discharges electric equipment, if the recoverable circuit breaker is turned on and the active switch is turned off, and the voltage of the battery electric core is smaller than a third preset voltage, control the discharge protection switch to be turned off, and continuously detect the current of the battery electric core; wherein the third preset voltage is less than the first preset voltage;
the first controller is further configured to control the active switch to be turned on when detecting that the current of the battery electric core is greater than or equal to the first preset current, so as to raise the action temperature of the recoverable circuit breaker to a preset action temperature, and further disconnect the recoverable circuit breaker.
8. The battery protection circuit of claim 1, further comprising a discharge protection switch connected to the control module, wherein the battery cell is connected to a power consumer in sequence through the recoverable circuit breaker and the discharge protection switch;
the first controller is further configured to, when it is detected that the battery electric core discharges the electric equipment, control the discharge protection switch to be turned off and continuously detect the current of the battery electric core if the recoverable circuit breaker is turned on and the active switch is turned off, and the current of the battery electric core is greater than a third preset current; the third preset current is smaller than the first preset current;
the first controller is further configured to control the active switch to be turned on when it is detected that the current of the battery electric core is greater than or equal to the first preset current, so as to raise the action temperature of the recoverable circuit breaker to a preset action temperature, and further disconnect the recoverable circuit breaker.
9. The battery protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the battery cells are connected to a charging device through the recoverable circuit breaker; the battery protection circuit further comprises a second controller, and the second controller is connected with the battery electric core and the active switch;
the second controller is used for controlling the active switch to be conducted when the voltage of the battery electric core is detected to be greater than or equal to a limit preset voltage; wherein the limit preset voltage is greater than the first preset voltage.
10. A battery pack comprising a battery and the battery protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202110826648.4A 2021-07-21 2021-07-21 Battery protection circuit and battery pack Active CN115693806B (en)

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CN111211587A (en) * 2018-11-21 2020-05-29 联正电子(深圳)有限公司 Equalizing circuit, charging device and energy storage device
CN112335118A (en) * 2018-06-22 2021-02-05 伯恩斯公司 circuit breaker

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JP2002204525A (en) * 2000-12-28 2002-07-19 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd Breaker and packed battery having the breaker built-in
US20080116851A1 (en) * 2005-04-20 2008-05-22 Iichiro Mori Secondary Battery Protection Circuit, Battery Pack and Thermosensitive Protection Switch Device
CN207098596U (en) * 2017-03-07 2018-03-13 深圳市赛航科技有限公司 A kind of BMS disconnection protection circuits
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