CN115693150A - Radiation unit and antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a radiation unit and an antenna, wherein the radiation unit comprises a plurality of radiation arms which jointly limit a radiation surface, and a resonance layer arranged on a different plane from the radiation surface, the resonance layer correspondingly comprises a resonator corresponding to the radiation arms, the resonator comprises an open ring-shaped element, and the open ring-shaped element is partially arranged in parallel with an arm body of the radiation arm corresponding to the open ring-shaped element. The resonator of the invention has the radiation units corresponding to the resonators with the radiation arms not in the same plane, the resonator can expand the low-frequency bandwidth of the radiation units through the open ring-shaped piece of the resonator, the gain is improved, the caliber of the loading resonator is smaller than that of the traditional resonator, the caliber of the radiation units can be reduced, the distance between the radiation units and the adjacent radiation units can be enlarged, and therefore, the mutual coupling effect between the radiation units and the adjacent radiation units can be reduced, and the radiation units and the adjacent radiation units can be conveniently arranged in an array.

Description

Radiation unit and antenna

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mobile communication, and particularly relates to a radiation unit and an antenna provided with the radiation unit.

Background

With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, mobile communication networks are gradually developed from 2G to 5G, even 6G. Because each generation of mobile communication network works in different frequency bands, corresponding antennas are required to be configured when each generation of mobile communication network is arranged so as to transmit signals in different frequency bands. However, with the operation of the 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G mobile communication networks, in order to save space resources of the base station, the antennas corresponding to the 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G mobile communication networks are arranged in common with the base station, so as to improve the utilization rate of the base station.

However, configuring the antennas for 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G respectively will greatly increase the arrangement cost and maintenance cost of the base station, and the simultaneous arrangement of multiple antennas will greatly occupy the space resources of the base station, and the multiple antennas will have severe mutual coupling, resulting in electromagnetic radiation pollution.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to a radiating element and an antenna for solving at least one of the above problems.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme that the method is suitable for various purposes of the invention:

the invention provides a radiation unit, which comprises a plurality of radiation arms, a resonance layer and a split ring-shaped element, wherein the plurality of radiation arms jointly define a radiation surface, the resonance layer is arranged on a different plane from the radiation surface, the resonance layer comprises a resonator corresponding to the radiation arms, the resonator comprises a split ring-shaped element, and the split ring-shaped element is partially arranged in parallel with an arm body of the radiation arm corresponding to the split ring-shaped element.

Furthermore, the opening annular part is formed by a plurality of annular arms in a surrounding mode, the radiation arm comprises a plurality of radiation branches, and the projection of at least one annular arm in the opening annular part on the radiation surface is parallel to one of the radiation branches of the corresponding radiation arm.

Further, the resonator also comprises a resonance ring arranged in the split ring-shaped piece, and the shape of the resonance ring corresponds to that of the split ring-shaped piece.

Further, the open ring has a regular geometric shape with an axisymmetric structure.

Further, the resonator is a solid strip line or a complementary structure of the solid strip line.

The resonance layer and the radiation surface are arranged in parallel, a plurality of resonators are arranged on the resonance layer, and the resonators are respectively arranged corresponding to the radiation arms.

Further, the number of the resonance layers is multiple, and the resonance layers are stacked in parallel along the radiation front direction and/or the radiation back direction of the radiation surface.

Further, the area of the resonators in the plurality of resonance layers arranged in the forward direction of radiation is sequentially reduced or arranged in equal size along the radiation path.

Specifically, the radiating unit further includes a feeding element for feeding power to each radiating arm, at least one of the resonant layers is capacitively coupled to the feeding element, and the feeding element includes a feeding coupling plate coupled to the corresponding radiating arm and the resonator.

The present invention further provides an antenna including a reflector plate and an antenna sub-array disposed on the reflector plate, wherein the antenna sub-array includes the radiating element as described in any one of the above objects.

The present invention has various advantages over the prior art, including but not limited to:

first, the radiation surface and the resonance layer of the radiation unit are arranged on different planes, so that the resonator arranged on the resonance layer and the corresponding radiation arm arranged on the radiation surface are arranged correspondingly, the open ring of the resonator and the arm body of the corresponding radiation arm are arranged partially in parallel, the open ring and the radiation arm are coupled with each other conveniently, the low-frequency bandwidth is expanded, the radiation unit is suitable for signal radiation in a wide frequency band, the gain can be improved, the radiation capability can be improved, the smaller caliber of the resonator is convenient for the miniaturization of the radiation unit, the radiation unit is convenient to arrange on a base station, and the use of sky surface resources is reduced.

And secondly, the aperture of the resonator of the radiation unit is smaller than that of the traditional resonator, so that the resonator is loaded on the radiation unit, the aperture of the radiation unit can be reduced, the gap between the radiation unit and the adjacent radiation unit in the antenna array can be increased, the mutual coupling effect between the radiation units is reduced, and the radiation performance of the radiation unit is improved.

And thirdly, the opening is arranged on the opening annular part of the resonator of the radiation unit, so that the resonator has an opening structure, the resonator has the metamaterial characteristic, and the radiation performance of the radiation unit, such as negative refractive index improvement, is realized.

In addition, the radiation unit can control the expansion of the low-frequency bandwidth, the control of the gain and the directional radiation capability of the radiation unit by controlling the distance between the radiation surface and the resonance layer.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a bottom view of the first dielectric plate of the radiating element in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of a radiation unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of a radiation unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a resonator according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is between a split ring and a radiating arm.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a resonator of a radiation unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a resonator of a radiation unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a resonator of a radiation unit according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a split ring of a resonator of a radiating element according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation unit according to another embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding element of the radiation unit of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a diagram illustrating the low frequency bandwidth and the impedance matching performance when the test antenna uses the radiating element of the present invention and the resonance layers are 3mm, 6mm and 12mm from the radiating surface, respectively.

Fig. 14 is a graph showing gain performance when the test antenna uses the radiating element of the present invention with the resonant layers at 3mm, 6mm and 12mm from the radiating plane, respectively.

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram showing a relative ratio of a standing wave ratio when a test antenna uses the radiation unit 100 of the present invention and a standing wave ratio when a test antenna uses a radiation unit not loaded with a resonance layer.

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram showing a relative ratio of a standing wave ratio when a test antenna uses a radiating element of the present invention and a standing wave ratio when the test antenna uses a radiating element not loaded with a resonance layer.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or wirelessly coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes all or any element and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

The invention provides a radiation unit, wherein a resonator is configured on a radiation arm of the radiation unit, the resonator and the corresponding radiation arm are arranged in a stacking mode to widen the bandwidth of the radiation unit and improve the gain of the radiation unit, and the caliber of a loaded resonator is smaller than that of a traditional resonator.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, with reference to fig. 1, the radiating element 100 includes a radiating surface 110, a resonant layer 120, and a feeding element 130, where the radiating surface 110 and the resonant layer 120 are parallel and overlapped.

Referring to fig. 2, a plurality of radiation arms 111 are disposed in the radiation surface 110, and the plurality of radiation arms 111 collectively define the radiation surface 110. The plurality of radiation arms 111 are disposed on one surface of the first dielectric plate 140, that is, the surface of the first dielectric plate 140 on which the radiation arms 111 are disposed is the radiation surface 110. In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of radiation arms 111 are disposed on the reverse side 141 of the first dielectric plate 140, that is, the reverse side 141 of the first dielectric plate 140 is the radiation surface 110.

In one embodiment, the radiation unit 100 is a dual-polarized radiation unit 100, the plurality of radiation arms 111 are divided into two groups, and the two groups of radiation arms 111 are respectively arranged along different polarization directions to form the dual-polarized radiation unit 100.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the radiation unit 100 is a dual-polarized radiation unit 100, the plurality of radiation arms 111 are respectively provided in two pairs, each pair of radiation arms 111 is respectively arranged along different polarization directions, and each pair of radiation arms 111 includes two oppositely arranged radiation arms 111. The radiation arm 111 has a plurality of radiation branches 1111, and the radiation arm 111 is formed by connecting the plurality of radiation branches 1111. Preferably, the radiating arm 111 is surrounded by a plurality of radiating arms 111 to form a ring structure.

Referring to fig. 3, the resonant layer 120 is disposed parallel to the radiation surface 110, and the resonant layer 120 is not disposed on the same plane as the radiation surface 110. The resonance layer 120 is disposed to overlap the radiation surface 110, and a projection of the resonance layer 120 on the radiation surface 110 overlaps or coincides with the radiation surface 110. Moreover, the distance between the resonance layer 120 and the radiation surface 110 can be adjusted to adjust the low-frequency bandwidth of the radiation unit 100, the loading of the resonance layer 120 is equivalent to extending the electrical transmission path of the radiation arm 111, and the closer the distance between the resonance layer 120 and the radiation surface 100 is, the stronger the energy coupling between the resonance layer 120 and the radiation arm on the radiation surface 110 is, so that the stronger the capability of expanding the low-frequency bandwidth is.

Specifically, in conjunction with fig. 4, a plurality of resonators 121 are disposed in the resonant layer 120, and the plurality of resonators 121 are disposed corresponding to the plurality of radiating arms 111 on the radiating surface 110, that is, each resonator 121 corresponds to one radiating arm 111, so that the plurality of resonators 121 are also disposed in a dual polarization manner to serve as parasitic elements, enhance directional radiation of the radiating element 100, and expand a low frequency bandwidth and facilitate impedance matching. The corresponding resonators 121 and the radiation arms 111 are stacked in a one-to-one correspondence in position, in other words, the projection of the resonator 121 on the radiation surface 110 overlaps or overlaps with the corresponding radiation arm 111.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the placing angle of the resonator 121 is different from the placing angle of the corresponding radiation arm 111, and the placing angle of the resonator 121 and the placing angle of the corresponding radiation arm 111 have a difference of 0 to 90 °, so that the projection of the resonator 121 on the radiation plane 110 does not coincide with the corresponding radiation arm 111, and the low-frequency bandwidth of the radiation unit 100 is adjusted by adjusting the placing angle. Preferably, the difference between the lying angle of the resonator 121 and the lying angle of the corresponding radiation arm 111 is 0 ° or 90 °.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the resonator 121 is disposed offset from the geometric center of the corresponding radiating arm 111, and the geometric center of the resonator 121 does not correspond to the geometric center of the corresponding radiating arm 111, in other words, the geometric center of the projection of the resonator 121 on the radiating plane 110 does not correspond to the geometric center of the corresponding radiating arm 111, so that the projection of the resonator 121 on the radiating plane 110 partially coincides with the corresponding radiating arm 111, or the projection of the resonator 121 on the radiating plane 110 coincides with the projection of the resonator 121 on the radiating plane 110, but the projection of the resonator 121 on the radiating plane 110 is offset from the geometric center of the corresponding radiating arm 111, and the greater the offset angle is, the stronger the resonator 121 has the capability of expanding the low-frequency bandwidth, so that the radiating unit 100 expands the low-frequency bandwidth.

With reference to fig. 1 and 4, the resonator 121 includes a split ring 1211 and a resonant ring 1212, and the resonant ring 1212 is disposed in the split ring 1211. Opening annular member 1211 includes coupling ring 12111 and opening 12112 provided on coupling ring 12111, opening 12112 being provided such that coupling ring 12111 has an open-loop structure.

Specifically, the coupling ring 12111 is surrounded by a plurality of ring arms 12113 such that the coupling ring 12111 has a polygonal structure, and the opening 12112 is disposed on one of the ring arms 12113. Preferably, the coupling ring 12111 has a regular geometry with an axisymmetric structure. Such as pentagonal, hexagonal, octagonal lamps, etc.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 5, at least one ring arm 12113 of the coupling ring 12111 of the open-loop 1211 is disposed in parallel with one of the radiating branches 1111 of the corresponding radiating arm 111, so that the resonator 121 and the corresponding radiating arm 111 can be coupled with each other, thereby improving the radiation performance of the radiating unit 100, and the low frequency bandwidth can be adjusted by controlling the distance between the radiating arm 111 and the corresponding resonator 121, where loading the resonator 121 is equivalent to extending the electrical transmission path of the radiating arm 111, and the closer the distance between the resonator 121 and the radiating arm 111 is, the stronger the energy coupling is, and the stronger the expansion capability of the low frequency bandwidth is.

Specifically, coupling ring 12111 includes a first ring arm 12114, and radiating arm 111 includes a first radiating branch 1112, where first ring arm 12114 of coupling ring 12111 is parallel to first radiating branch 1112 of corresponding radiating arm 111, that is, a projection of first ring arm 12114 on radiating plane 110 is parallel to first radiating branch 1112, so that first ring arm 12114 and first radiating branch 1112 are coupled to each other, thereby expanding a low-frequency bandwidth and improving radiation performance of radiating unit 100.

Further, coupling ring 12111 further includes a second ring arm 12115, and second ring arm 12115 and first ring arm 12114 extend in different directions, and radiating arm 111 further includes a second radiating branch 1113, and an extending direction of second radiating branch 1113 is different from an extending direction of first radiating branch 1112. Second loop arms 12115 of coupling loops 12111 are parallel to second radiation branches 1113 of corresponding radiation arms 111, that is, the projection of second loop arms 12115 on radiation surface 110 is parallel to the arrangement of second radiation arms 1113, so that second loop arms 12115 and second radiation branches 1113 are coupled to each other, thereby expanding the low-frequency bandwidth and improving the radiation performance of radiation unit 100.

In a further embodiment, the coupling loop 12111 further comprises a plurality of loop arms 12113 arranged in parallel with the corresponding radiating branches 1111 of the radiating arm 111.

In one embodiment, the projection of first loop arm 12114 onto radiation surface 110 coincides with first radiation branch 1112 and the projection of second loop arm 12115 onto radiation surface 110 coincides with second radiation branch 1113.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the shape of the radiation arm 111 corresponds to the shape of the open ring 1211 of the corresponding resonator 121, and the projection of the coupling ring 12111 on the radiation surface 110 is partially overlapped with the corresponding radiation arm 111, so as to facilitate mutual coupling between the coupling ring 12111 and the corresponding radiation arm 111. And the projection of at least one loop arm 12113 of coupling loop 12111 onto radiation surface 110 intersects with one of radiation branches 1111 of radiation arm 111, and the projection of at least one loop arm 12113 of radiation arm 111 onto radiation surface 110 is maintained parallel to the corresponding radiation branch 1111 of radiation arm 111.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 and 4, the shape of the resonance ring 1212 corresponds to the shape of the coupling ring 12111, but the resonance ring 1212 is not provided with the opening 12112. The resonant ring 1212 comprises a plurality of resonant arms 1241, which plurality of resonant arms 1241 enclose the resonant ring 1212. The plurality of resonator arms 1241 of the resonator ring 1212 are arranged in parallel corresponding to the plurality of ring arms 12113 of the coupling ring 12111, respectively, so that the resonator arms 1241 are coupled to the corresponding ring arms 12113.

When the plurality of radiating arms 111 on the radiating surface 110 are excited to generate an electromagnetic signal, the electromagnetic signal is projected onto the resonant ring 1212, and an induced current is generated on both the ring arms 12113 of the coupling ring 12111 and the resonant arms 1241 of the resonant ring 1212, thereby having an inductive effect. The gap between the ring arm 12113 of the coupling ring 12111 and the corresponding resonating arm 1241 of the resonating ring 1212 may be equivalent to a capacitance, and the opening 12112 on the coupling ring 12111 may also be equivalent to a capacitance, so that the whole between the coupling ring 12111 and the resonating ring 1212 is equivalent to an RLC circuit, that is, the resonator 121 is equivalent to an RLC circuit.

By adjusting the distance of the gap between the loop arm 12113 of the coupling loop 12111 and the corresponding resonance arm 1241 of the resonance loop 1212, and adjusting the size of the opening 12112 on the coupling loop 12111, the equivalent capacitance and the equivalent inductance value of the equivalent RLC circuit can be adjusted. Since the resonant ring 1212 is a complete ring structure, the resonant ring 1212 can provide a certain impedance matching for the radiation unit 100 as a guiding structure. In some embodiments, the resonant ring 1212 and the coupling ring 12111 together form the resonator 121, such that the resonator 121 is made of left-handed material or metamaterial and has a better negative refractive index, and the radiating element 100 has a better negative refractive index to improve its guiding effect, so as to enhance the directional radiation performance of the radiating element 100, thereby improving the gain of the radiating element 100.

The resonator 121 is disposed parallel to the radiating surface 110, and the resonator 121 may expand a low frequency bandwidth of the radiating element 100 and miniaturize the radiating element 100. The aperture of the radiation unit 100 is controlled by the resonator 121, so that when the radiation unit 100 is arranged in an array with other radiation units 100, the distance between the radiation unit 100 and the adjacent radiation unit 100 can be increased, the coupling degree between the arrays is reduced, and the mutual coupling and the directional diagram are improved.

In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the resonator 121 has various shapes, and the shape of the open ring 1211 of the resonator 121 corresponds to the shape of the resonance ring 1212. The coupling ring 12111 of the open ring 1211 has a regular geometric shape with an axisymmetric structure, and the regular geometric shape of the coupling ring 12111 is beneficial to improving the uniformity of the radiation unit 100 and improving the radiation performance. For example, the shapes of the following embodiments are included.

In the first embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the coupling ring 12111 of the open ring 1211 is rectangular, and the rectangular coupling ring 12111 is provided with an opening 12112 to form a rectangular open ring 1211. A resonance ring 1212 is provided in the open ring 1211, and the resonance ring 1212 has a rectangular shape corresponding to the shape of the coupling ring 12111. Preferably, the resonance ring 1212 is also provided with an opening, and the opening 12121 of the resonance ring 1212 and the opening 12111 of the open ring 1211 are respectively disposed at two sides of the resonator 121. The split ring 1211 and the resonant ring 1212 of the resonator 121 according to the first embodiment are rectangular, so that the split ring 1211 and the resonant ring 1212 are coupled to each other, the bandwidth is expanded, and the aperture of the radiating element 100 is reduced.

In the second embodiment, referring to fig. 7, the coupling ring 12111 of the open ring 1211 is circular, and the resonance ring 1212 is also circular corresponding to the coupling ring 12111. Preferably, the resonance ring 1212 is also provided with an opening 12121, and the opening 12121 of the resonance ring 1212 and the opening 12112 of the open ring 1211 are respectively disposed at two sides of the resonator 121. The open ring 1211 and the resonant ring 1212 of the resonator 121 according to the second embodiment are circular, so that the open ring 1211 and the resonant ring 1212 are coupled to each other, the bandwidth is expanded, and the aperture of the radiating element 100 is reduced.

In the third embodiment, referring to fig. 8, the coupling ring 12111 of the open ring 1211 is octagonal, and the resonant ring 1212 has an octagonal shape corresponding to the coupling ring 12111. Compared with the case where the coupling ring 12111 and the resonance ring 1212 are circular or square, the resonator 121 in which the coupling ring 12111 and the resonance ring 1212 are octagonal has the advantages of both the resonator in which the coupling ring is rectangular and the resonator in which the coupling ring is circular, so that the low-frequency bandwidth can be expanded, and the aperture of the radiation unit 100 can be reduced. Preferably, the coupling rings 12111 may also be of regular geometric shape such as hexagonal, decagonal, etc.

In a variant embodiment, with reference to fig. 9, the open ring 1211 is provided with a pair of extending branches 12116, the pair of extending branches 12116 being provided on both sides of the opening 12112 of the open ring 1211. The extending branches 12116 extend toward the inside of the open ring 1211 to extend the electrical transmission path of the open ring 1211, thereby improving the radiation performance of the radiation unit 100. In a further embodiment, the resonator 121 is not provided with a coupling loop.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in conjunction with fig. 3, the radiation performance of the radiation unit 100, such as low frequency bandwidth, gain, and impedance matching, can be adjusted by controlling the distance between the resonance layer 120 and the radiation surface 110. The closer the resonance layer 120 is to the radiation surface 110, the more convenient the miniaturization of the radiation unit 100 is, and the lower frequency bandwidth can be expanded to improve the impedance matching capability.

Specifically, referring to fig. 14, when the distance between the resonance layer 120 of the radiating element 100 and the radiating surface 110 is 3mm, 6mm, and 12mm, respectively, it is known that the closer the distance between the resonance layer 120 and the radiating surface 110 is, the stronger the coupling capability between the resonator 121 and the corresponding radiating arm 111 is, and the resonator 121 can equivalently extend the length of the corresponding radiating arm 111, so that the low-frequency point of the radiating element 100 is further reduced, the low-frequency bandwidth broadening capability is enhanced, the impedance bandwidth tends to be flat, and the radiating element 100 can be further miniaturized.

Referring to fig. 15, when the distance between the resonance layer 120 of the radiation unit 100 and the radiation surface 110 is 3mm, 6mm and 12mm, respectively, it is known that the closer the resonance layer 120 is to the radiation surface 110, the higher the overall gain of the radiation unit 100 is, the stronger the guiding function of the resonator 121 is, and the stronger the directional radiation capability of the radiation unit 100 is.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 11 and 12, the resonant layer 120 has a plurality of resonant layers 120, and the plurality of resonant layers 120 are stacked in parallel and disposed on different planes. The plurality of resonance layers 120 are disposed on the same side of the radiation surface 110 or disposed on two sides of the radiation surface 110, respectively, and the plurality of resonance layers 120 are disposed on one side or two sides of the radiation surface 110, so that the gain of the radiation unit can be increased, the low-frequency bandwidth can be expanded, and the radiation performance of the radiation unit can be improved. For example, the first resonance layer 124 and the second resonance layer 125 are provided on the radiation unit 100.

Specifically, the radiation direction of the radiation surface 110 is a radiation forward direction, and the side opposite to the radiation forward direction is a radiation backward direction. The plurality of resonant layers 120 are disposed in the radiation front direction or the radiation rear direction of the radiation plane 110, or the plurality of resonant layers 120 are disposed in the radiation front direction and the radiation rear direction of the radiation plane 110, respectively.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 11, when the plurality of resonant layers 120 are disposed on the same side of the radiation surface 110, the size of the resonators 121 on the resonant layers 120 is sequentially reduced according to the distance from the radiation surface 110, that is, the area of the resonator 121 on the resonant layer 120 closer to the radiation surface 110 is larger, and the area of the resonator 121 on the resonant layer 120 farther from the radiation surface 110 is smaller. For example, the first resonance layer 124 and the second resonance layer 125 are disposed on the same side of the radiation unit 100, wherein the first resonance layer 124 is closer to the radiation surface 110, and the second resonance layer 125 is farther from the radiation surface 110, and the area of the resonator 121 on the first resonance layer 124 is larger than that of the resonator on the second resonance layer 125.

In a further embodiment, the plurality of resonant layers 120 are disposed in the radiation front direction of the radiation surface 110, and the area of the resonators 121 on the plurality of resonant layers 120 is sequentially reduced or equally enlarged along the radiation path in the radiation front direction, which is the signal radiation path of the radiation surface 110. Preferably, two resonance layers 120 are disposed in a radiation forward direction of the radiation surface 110.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, the resonant layer 120 is disposed on one side of the second dielectric plate 150. The second dielectric plate 150 is stacked in parallel with the first dielectric plate 140. The first dielectric sheet 140 is supported by a plurality of first support pillars 160 to mount the first dielectric sheet 140 to an external member. In one embodiment, the external member is a reflection plate 180.

In one embodiment, the second dielectric plate 150 is provided with a plurality of second supporting pillars (not shown), which are supported on the first dielectric plate 140 or on an external member.

In one embodiment, the resonator 121 on the resonant layer 120 is a solid strip line, specifically a metal strip line, disposed on the second dielectric plate 150.

In another embodiment, referring to fig. 10, a copper layer 151 covers a side of the second dielectric board 150 on which the resonant layer 120 is disposed, and the resonator 121 is a slot formed by etching the copper layer 151, so as to fix the resonator 121 on the resonant layer 120 and facilitate manufacturing of the resonator 121.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in conjunction with fig. 13, the feeding element 130 feeds the radiation arm 111 and the resonance layer 120 in a coupling manner. The feeding element 130 includes a feeding line 131 and a coupling feeding sheet 132, the feeding line 131 is used for connecting with an external cable 133, the feeding line 131 is connected with the coupling feeding sheet 132, the coupling feeding sheet 132 is disposed on the front surface 142 of the first dielectric board 140, and the coupling feeding sheet 132 is used for coupling feeding the radiation arm 111 disposed on the radiation surface 110 and the resonator 121 disposed on the resonance layer 120.

In one embodiment, the coupling feeding plate 132 is fan-shaped, and the coupling feeding plate 132 is arranged in a fan shape, so that the coupling feeding plate 132 and the radiation arm 111 on the radiation surface 110 can realize large-area energy coupling, and the isolation and cross polarization index of the radiation unit 100 can also be improved.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, since the radiating element 100 is a dual-polarized radiating element 100, the feeding element 130 is provided with one feeding line 131 and one coupling feeding plate 132 corresponding to each polarization, that is, the feeding element 130 is provided with two feeding lines 131 and two coupling feeding plates 132 for coupling feeding to the radiating arms 111 corresponding to the polarization, respectively. Preferably, the pair of power feeding lines 131 are orthogonally arranged, and corresponding metalized vias are arranged on the first dielectric board 140 at the intersection of the pair of power feeding lines 131, so as to prevent the pair of power feeding lines 131 from interfering with each other and affecting the electrical performance of the radiation unit 100.

In one embodiment, the external cable 133 is a coaxial cable, an inner conductor of the coaxial cable is connected to the feeding line 131, and an outer conductor of the coaxial cable is welded to a through hole for passing the coaxial cable, which is disposed on the first dielectric plate 140.

Referring to fig. 16, fig. 16 is a schematic diagram showing a relative ratio of a standing wave ratio when a test antenna uses the radiation unit 100 of the present invention and a standing wave ratio when the test antenna uses a radiation unit not loaded with a resonance layer. As can be seen from fig. 16, when the test antenna uses a radiating element not loaded with a resonance layer, the standing wave ratio is almost greater than 2, and the impedance matching is poor; when the test antenna uses the radiation unit 100 of the invention, the standing-wave ratio is obviously improved, except that the standing-wave ratio in the original frequency band is less than 1.6, the bandwidth of 1.4GHz-1.7GHz is also expanded, and the impedance matching capability is greatly improved.

The invention also provides an antenna, which comprises a reflecting plate and an antenna subarray arranged on the reflecting plate, wherein the antenna subarray comprises a plurality of radiating elements which are connected with each other in parallel for feeding, and the radiating elements are the radiating elements.

The invention also provides a base station comprising the antenna.

In summary, the radiation unit of the present invention is provided with the resonators stacked in parallel corresponding to the radiation arms, and the resonators can expand the low frequency bandwidth of the radiation unit through the open ring members, improve the gain, and reduce the mutual coupling effect, so as to be conveniently arranged in an array with the adjacent radiation unit.

The foregoing description is only exemplary of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the invention according to the present invention is not limited to the specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also encompasses other embodiments in which any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents is possible without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. For example, the above features and (but not limited to) features having similar functions of the present invention are mutually replaced to form the technical solution.

Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A radiating element comprising a plurality of radiating arms that together define a radiating plane, characterized in that it further comprises a resonance layer that is located on a different plane than the radiating plane, said resonance layer comprising a resonator that corresponds to said radiating arms, said resonator comprising an open loop that is located partially parallel to the arm of the radiating arm that corresponds to its position.

2. The radiating element of claim 1, wherein the open loop is defined by a plurality of loop arms, the radiating arms include a plurality of radiating branches, and a projection of at least one loop arm of the open loop onto the radiating surface is parallel to one of the radiating branches of the corresponding radiating arm.

3. The radiating element of claim 1, wherein the resonator further comprises a resonating ring disposed within the split ring shaped member, the resonating ring having a shape corresponding to a shape of the split ring shaped member.

4. The radiating element of claim 2, wherein the open loop has a regular geometric shape with an axisymmetric configuration.

5. The radiating element of claim 1, wherein the resonator is a solid strip or a complementary structure of a solid strip.

6. The radiating element of claim 1, wherein the resonant layer is disposed parallel to the radiating surface, and a plurality of resonators are disposed on the resonant layer, the plurality of resonators being disposed corresponding to the plurality of radiating arms, respectively.

7. The radiating element according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the number of the resonance layers is plural, and the forward radiation direction and/or the backward radiation direction along the radiating surface are stacked in parallel.

8. The radiating element according to claim 7, wherein the resonators in the plurality of resonant layers disposed in the forward direction of radiation are sequentially reduced in area or disposed in equal size in a direction away from the radiating arm.

9. The radiating element of claim 1, further comprising a feeding element for feeding respective ones of the radiating arms, at least one of the resonant layers being disposed in capacitive coupling with the feeding element, the feeding element including a feeding coupling tab coupled to the respective radiating arm and the resonator.

10. An antenna comprising a reflector plate and an antenna subarray disposed on the reflector plate, the antenna subarray comprising the radiating element of any one of claims 1 to 9.

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