CN115693149A

CN115693149A - Array antenna and communication device

Info

Publication number: CN115693149A
Application number: CN202211335607.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 侯泽文; 李明超; 田欢; 苏国生; 李轶帆; 黄明达; 陈礼涛
Original assignee: Jingxin RF Technology Guangzhou Co ltd; Guangzhou Institute of Technology of Xidian University
Current assignee: Jingxin RF Technology Guangzhou Co ltd; Guangzhou Institute of Technology of Xidian University
Priority date: 2022-10-28
Filing date: 2022-10-28
Publication date: 2023-02-03

Abstract

The application relates to an array antenna and a communication device, wherein the array antenna comprises a reflecting plate, a radiation unit and a decoupling unit, the radiation unit is arranged on the reflecting plate, the decoupling unit is also arranged on the reflecting plate, and the decoupling unit is positioned at the side position of the radiation unit; wherein the decoupling component comprises a meta-surface having a band-pass characteristic and a phase discontinuity. The array antenna provided by the application changes the phase of the electromagnetic wave of the target frequency band generated by the radiation unit by utilizing the band-pass characteristic and the phase discontinuity of the super surface in the decoupling component, and further changes the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave based on the change of the phase of the electromagnetic wave, so that the electromagnetic wave reflected by the decoupling component cannot propagate to the radiation unit, and the electromagnetic wave refracted by the decoupling component cannot propagate to the adjacent radiation unit, thereby realizing the decoupling of the antenna array, reducing the interference, correspondingly improving the isolation, optimizing the antenna index and the directional diagram of the array antenna, and improving the communication efficiency.

Description

Array antenna and communication device

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of antenna technologies, and in particular, to an array antenna and a communication device.

Background

With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, developers are working to provide high-quality and high-rate communication services and alleviate the radio frequency spectrum resource shortage problem, and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology becomes a key technology to solve the problem.

A Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technique refers to using multiple transmitting antennas and multiple receiving antennas at a transmitting end and a receiving end simultaneously, so that signals are transmitted and received through the multiple antennas at the transmitting end and the receiving end, thereby realizing high-speed data transmission and significantly improving channel capacity.

However, the number of antennas is increased sharply, which increases the mutual coupling problem between the antennas, and causes the antenna isolation to be deteriorated and the directional pattern to be distorted, thereby deteriorating the antenna performance and affecting the communication efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, it is necessary to provide an array antenna and a communication device in order to solve the above technical problems.

In a first aspect, the present application provides an array antenna, comprising:

a reflective plate;

the radiation unit is arranged on the reflecting plate;

the decoupling component is arranged on the reflecting plate and is positioned at the side position of the radiating unit; wherein the decoupling component comprises a meta-surface having a band-pass characteristic and a phase discontinuity.

In one embodiment, the super-surface comprises a dielectric substrate and a plurality of super-surface units which are arranged on the dielectric substrate and are arranged in a periodic mode.

In one embodiment, the dimensions of the super-surface element are related to the target frequency band of the affected electromagnetic wave.

In one embodiment, the size of the super-surface unit is inversely related to the height of the target frequency band.

In one embodiment, the distance between two adjacent super-surface units is related to the phase change amount of the electromagnetic wave influenced by the super-surface.

In one embodiment, the distance between two adjacent super-surface units is inversely related to the phase change amount of the electromagnetic wave influenced by the super-surface.

In one embodiment, the super-surface unit comprises a first metal layer and a second metal layer, and the first metal layer is arranged around the periphery of the second metal layer.

In one of the embodiments, the distance between the first metal layer and the second metal layer is related to the amount of change in the phase of the affected electromagnetic wave.

In one of the embodiments, the distance between the first metal layer and the second metal layer is inversely related to the amount of change in the phase of the affected electromagnetic wave.

In one embodiment, the array antenna comprises a plurality of radiating elements, each provided with a decoupling component.

In one embodiment, the decoupling component further comprises a metal baffle, the metal baffle being connected to the super surface.

In one embodiment, the metal baffle and the super surface are spliced in the vertical direction, and the metal baffle is positioned below the super surface.

In one embodiment, the radiating element is a dual-polarized antenna element, and the dual-polarized antenna element comprises a bent radiating arm and a feed structure; the bent radiation arm is connected with the feed structure.

In a second aspect, the present application also provides a communication device comprising an array antenna of any of the above.

In the array antenna and the communication device, the provided array antenna comprises a reflecting plate, a radiating element and a decoupling element, wherein the radiating element is arranged on the reflecting plate, the decoupling element is also arranged on the reflecting plate, and the decoupling element is positioned at the side position of the radiating element; wherein the decoupling component comprises a meta-surface having a band-pass characteristic and a phase discontinuity. The array antenna provided by the application changes the phase of the electromagnetic wave generated by the radiation unit by utilizing the band-pass characteristic and the phase discontinuity of the super surface in the decoupling component, and further changes the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave based on the change of the phase of the electromagnetic wave, so that the electromagnetic wave reflected by the decoupling component cannot propagate to the radiation unit, and the electromagnetic wave refracted by the decoupling component cannot propagate to the adjacent radiation unit, thereby realizing the decoupling of the antenna array, reducing the interference, correspondingly improving the isolation, optimizing the antenna index and the directional diagram of the array antenna, and improving the communication efficiency based on the array antenna.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application and should not be construed as constituting any limitation to the present application. Other embodiments and other embodiments corresponding to the figures may also be obtained from these figures, as will be apparent to a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an array antenna according to an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the structure of a super-surface in one embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a super surface unit in one embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a structure of a different structure of a super surface unit in one embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a super surface in another embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a super surface in another embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an array antenna in another embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a top view of an array antenna according to an embodiment

FIG. 9 is a simulation diagram of S-parameters of an array antenna according to an embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating the contrast of the isolation between the loaded metal baffle of the array antenna and the front and rear adjacent units of the super-surface in FIG. 1;

FIGS. 11-12 are schematic diagrams illustrating a comparison between the loading metal baffle of the array antenna and the front and rear adjacent unit patterns of the super-surface in FIG. 1;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the voltage standing wave ratios of the antenna loading metal baffle and the adjacent front and rear units of the super-surface in FIG. 1.

Description of the reference numerals:

100-reflecting plate

200-radiation unit 210-bent radiation arm 220-feed structure

221-feed sheet 222-insulation fixing member 223-metal shell

300-decoupling component 310-super surface 320-metal baffle

311-dielectric substrate 312-super surface unit

3121 first Metal layer 3122 second Metal layer

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element. In addition, the connection may be for either a fixed or coupled or communicating function.

It is further noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one of 8230," does not exclude the presence of additional identical or equivalent elements in processes, methods, articles, or devices that comprise the element. Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," and the like do not constitute absolute spatial relationship limitations, but rather are relative terms.

The Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology refers to the use of multiple transmitting antennas and multiple receiving antennas at the transmitting end and the receiving end simultaneously, so that signals are transmitted and received through the multiple antennas at the transmitting end and the receiving end, high-speed data transmission is achieved, and channel capacity is significantly improved.

In view of this, the present application provides an array antenna, as shown in fig. 1, the array antenna includes a reflection plate 100, a radiation unit 200, and a decoupling component 300. Wherein, the radiation unit 200 is disposed on the reflection plate 100, the decoupling unit 300 is also disposed on the reflection plate 100, and the decoupling member 300 is located at a side position of the radiation unit 200. The decoupling member 300 may be located at least one side in a circumferential position of the radiation unit 200.

Decoupling component 300 includes a meta-surface 310 having a band-pass characteristic and a phase discontinuity. The band-pass characteristic means that electromagnetic waves can pass through the band-pass characteristic, namely the band-pass characteristic has transmissivity; the phase discontinuity refers to the characteristic that the reflected or transmitted electromagnetic wave does not propagate with the original phase change rule, but has a phase jump.

The reflection plate 100 is a metal reflection plate, electrically connected to the radiation unit 200 and grounded, and configured to reflect the electromagnetic waves radiated inwards outwards, so as to improve the directional radiation performance of the antenna and provide a supporting function for the whole antenna. The radiating unit 200 is used to radiate electromagnetic waves, and the meta-surface 310 in the decoupling member 300 has a band-pass characteristic and a phase discontinuity by which the phase of the electromagnetic wave of the target frequency band can be changed to change the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave of the target frequency band.

Alternatively, in order to improve the decoupling effect, the super-surface 310 may be vertically disposed between two adjacently disposed radiation units 200, achieving effective isolation between the radiation units 200. It is also possible to arrange a plurality of super-surfaces 310 vertically side by side between two adjacently arranged radiation units 200 to improve the decoupling effect.

Optionally, the array antenna includes a plurality of radiation units 200, where the radiation units 200 may be base station antennas, may be co-frequency antennas, and correspondingly form co-frequency arrays, and may also be pilot frequency antennas, and correspondingly form pilot frequency arrays; the radiation units 200 may be arranged in a parallel uniform array, or in a staggered grid array; the vertical distance between adjacent radiation units 200 is set to 0.65 wavelength of the central frequency point, and may also be set to 0.55 wavelength of the central frequency point. The radiating element 200 may also be an antenna element in various forms such as a PCB, a metal plate, and a patch. In this embodiment, the setting parameters of the radiation unit are not specifically limited to meet the design requirements.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned super-surface 310 has a certain influence on the phase of the electromagnetic wave generated by the radiation unit 200, but the influence on the electromagnetic wave in the target frequency band is the largest, and the target frequency band is determined by the specification parameters of the radiation unit 200 and the super-surface 310.

The fundamental reason for decoupling the antenna array provided by the present application is that the decoupling component 300 changes the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave generated by the radiation unit 200, so that the reflected electromagnetic wave does not propagate to the radiation unit 200 itself, and the refracted electromagnetic wave does not propagate to the adjacent radiation unit 200, thereby decoupling the antenna array, reducing interference, and accordingly improving isolation.

The super-surface 310 in the decoupling component 300 is a super-surface structure capable of generating a phase gradient, and is an artificial layered material with a thickness much smaller than a wavelength, and has a band-pass characteristic and phase discontinuity, so that an incident electromagnetic wave can be transmitted through the material, and a phase jump occurs, which affects a propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave. Accordingly, the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave reflected or transmitted via the super surface 310 is changed.

The super-surface 310 is based on the generalized Snell's Law, and electromagnetic waves are abnormally reflected and refracted on the surface thereof, so that the propagation direction of the electromagnetic waves is obviously changed. Moreover, the reflection angle and the incident angle generated by the electromagnetic wave incident on the super surface 310 can be freely adjusted based on the phase jump generated on the super surface 310. That is to say, after the electromagnetic wave is incident on the super-surface 310, the electromagnetic wave is reflected and refracted, and the structural parameters of the super-surface 310 are changed to change the degree of phase jump of the electromagnetic wave on the super-surface 310, so as to adjust and control the reflection angle and the refraction angle, thereby realizing different decoupling effects, so that the reflected electromagnetic wave is not transmitted to the radiation unit 200 itself, and the refracted electromagnetic wave is not transmitted to the adjacent radiation unit 200.

In this embodiment, the provided array antenna includes a reflection plate, a radiation unit, and a decoupling component, where the radiation unit and the decoupling component are both disposed on the reflection plate, and the reflection plate is located at a side of the radiation unit; wherein the decoupling component includes a meta-surface having a band pass characteristic and a phase discontinuity therein. The array antenna provided by the application utilizes the band-pass characteristic and the phase discontinuity of the super surface to change the phase of the electromagnetic wave of the target frequency band generated by the radiation unit, and further changes the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave based on the change of the phase of the electromagnetic wave, so that the electromagnetic wave reflected by the decoupling component cannot propagate to the radiation unit, and the electromagnetic wave refracted by the decoupling component cannot propagate to the adjacent radiation unit, thereby realizing the decoupling of the antenna array, reducing the interference, correspondingly improving the isolation, optimizing the antenna index and the directional diagram of the array antenna, and improving the communication efficiency based on the array antenna.

In one embodiment, as shown in the schematic diagram of the super-surface structure shown in fig. 2, the super-surface 310 includes a dielectric substrate 311 and a plurality of super-surface units 312 disposed on the dielectric substrate 311 and arranged in a periodic manner.

Alternatively, the super surface unit 312 may be disposed on any one side of the dielectric substrate 311, or may be disposed on both sides of the dielectric substrate 311. The super-surface unit 312 includes a metal layer, which may be in the form of a strip, a sheet, a ring, a circle, a rectangle, a diamond, a triangle, a cross, etc., and may be in a regular shape or an irregular shape. The plurality of super surface units 312 may be arranged in an array of rows and columns or in an array of single row/column. In this embodiment, as to the structure and material of the super-surface 310, the shape and array arrangement pattern of the single super-surface unit 312 are not specifically limited, so as to meet the design requirement.

Optionally, the dielectric substrate 311 is a PCB (Printed Circuit Board), and the metal layer in the super-surface unit 312 is a copper foil. The specific forming process of the super-surface 310 may be to coat copper on a whole PCB, and then etch the copper layer to form a metal layer, so as to obtain the super-surface 310 including a plurality of super-surface units 312.

Alternatively, the size of the super surface element 312 is related to the target frequency band of the affected electromagnetic wave, i.e., the size of the super surface element 312 is related to the target frequency band of the mainly affected electromagnetic wave. The dimensions of the super-surface element 312 may be adjusted to change the target frequency band of the affected electromagnetic waves when designing the array antenna.

The size of the super-surface unit 312 is used to represent the size of the whole super-surface unit 312, and may be the thickness, length, width or volume of the super-surface unit 312.

Specifically, the size of the super-surface unit 312 is inversely related to the height of the target frequency band within a certain variation range. That is, in a certain variation range, the larger the size of the super-surface unit 312 is, the lower the target frequency band mainly affected by the whole super-surface 310 tends to be; conversely, the smaller the size of the super-surface element 312, the higher the frequency of the target band that is primarily affected by the entire super-surface 310.

In the embodiment, the influence of decoupling realized on the antenna impedance based on the super surface is small, the subsequent debugging on the antenna impedance is avoided, the use complexity is reduced, and meanwhile, the super surface is simple in structure, mature in processing technology, low in production cost and easy to realize large-scale production.

In addition to adjusting the target frequency band affected by the size change of the super surface unit 312, the influence degree of the distance change between two adjacent super surface units 312 on the electromagnetic wave of the target frequency band can be adjusted. The distance between two adjacent super-surface units 312 is related to the amount of phase change of the electromagnetic wave affected by the super-surface 310.

The distance between two adjacent super-surface units 312 is substantially the distance between the metal layers in the two adjacent super-surface units 312.

Specifically, the distance between two adjacent super-surface units 312 is inversely related to the amount of phase change of the electromagnetic wave affected by the super-surface 310 within a certain variation range. That is, within a certain variation range, the larger the distance between two adjacent super-surface units 312 is, the smaller the amount of phase variation of the electromagnetic wave affected by the whole super-surface 310 is; conversely, the smaller the distance between two adjacent super-surface units 312 is, the larger the amount of phase change of the electromagnetic wave affected by the entire super-surface 310 is.

In one embodiment, the metal layer in the super-surface cell 312 may be designed to further improve the decoupling effect of the array antenna. As shown in fig. 3, the metal layers in the super surface unit 312 include a first metal layer 3121 and a second metal layer 3122, and the first metal layer 3121 is surrounded by the periphery of the second metal layer 3122.

Optionally, the first metal layer 3121 and the second metal layer 3122 are disposed on the same side of the dielectric substrate 311.

Illustratively, in the super-surface unit shown in fig. 3, the first metal layer 3121 is a rectangular metal frame, and the second metal layer 3122 is a diamond-shaped metal sheet, and the diamond-shaped metal sheet is located inside the rectangular metal frame.

Alternatively, the super surface unit 312 may be the super surface unit a as shown in fig. 4, the first metal layer 3121 is a rectangular metal frame, and the second metal layer 3122 is a circular metal sheet; may be a super-surface unit b as shown in fig. 4, the first metal layer 3121 is a rectangular metal frame, and the second metal layer 3122 is also a rectangular metal frame; may be a super-surface unit c as shown in fig. 4, the first metal layer 3121 is a cross metal frame, and the second metal layer 3122 is a cross metal sheet; the super-surface unit d can also be a super-surface unit d as shown in fig. 4, the first metal layer 3121 is a rectangular metal frame, and the second metal layer 3122 is a rectangular metal sheet; or a super-surface unit e as shown in fig. 4, the first metal layer 3121 is a rectangular metal frame, and the second metal layer 3122 is a diamond metal frame. In this embodiment, the shapes and forms of the first metal layer 3121 and the second metal layer 3122 in the super-surface unit are not particularly limited, and the design requirements may be satisfied.

Alternatively, the super-surface 310 may be a super-surface formed by mixing and arranging super-surface units 312 with different structures as shown in fig. 5, a super-surface 310 formed by super-surface units 312 with the same structure but different sizes as shown in fig. 6, or a super-surface 310 formed by super-surface units 312 with the same structure and size as shown in fig. 2. In this embodiment, the structure and size of the super-surface unit 312 forming the super-surface 310 are not particularly limited, and the design requirement may be satisfied.

With respect to the above-described super surface unit 312 including the first metal layer 3121 and the second metal layer 3122, it is also possible to adjust the degree of influence of the distance change of the first metal layer 3121 and the second metal layer 3122 on the electromagnetic wave of the target frequency band. Wherein the distance between the first metal layer 3121 and the second metal layer 3122 is related to the phase change amount of the affected electromagnetic wave.

Specifically, the distance between the first metal layer 3121 and the second metal layer 3122 is inversely related to the amount of phase change of the affected electromagnetic wave. That is, the larger the distance between the first metal layer 3121 and the second metal layer 3122 is, the smaller the amount of change in the phase of the electromagnetic wave affected by the entire super surface 310 is, within a certain range of variation; conversely, the smaller the distance between the first metal layer 3121 and the second metal layer 3122, the greater the amount of phase change of the electromagnetic wave affected by the entire super surface 310.

In order to realize multi-azimuth influence on the electromagnetic wave generated by the radiation unit 200, in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the array antenna includes a plurality of radiation units 200, each radiation unit 200 is provided with a decoupling component 300, the decoupling components 300 are provided around part of the radiation units 200 to surround the radiation units 200 in four directions, namely front, back, left and right directions, so that propagation of the electromagnetic wave generated by the radiation units 200 in the four directions is changed, and the decoupling component 300 may be provided on one side of part of the radiation units 200, which may be selected as required. In this way, a desired electromagnetic boundary can be obtained and interference to the own radiation unit 200 and the adjacent radiation units 200 can be reduced.

To further improve the decoupling effect of the array antenna, in an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the decoupling component 300 further comprises a metal baffle 320. Wherein a metal baffle 320 is coupled to the super-surface 310.

Alternatively, the decoupling part 300 is located at a midline position between two adjacent radiation units 200.

The metal baffle 320 can prevent part of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiation unit 200 from being coupled to the adjacent radiation unit 200, so that the coupling degree is reduced, the antenna directional diagram is improved, and the decoupling effect of the whole array antenna is improved.

Optionally, the metal baffle 320 may be connected to the super-surface 310 in a splicing manner, or may be connected to the super-surface 310 in a suspending manner; metal dam 320 may be vertically disposed above and below super-surface 310, metal dam 320 may be above super-surface 310, or super-surface 310 may be above metal dam 320. As shown in fig. 7, the metal baffle 320 and the super surface 310 are vertically arranged, and the metal baffle 320 is located below the super surface 310. In this embodiment, the placement manner of the combination of the metal baffle 320 and the super-surface 310 is not particularly limited, and the total height of the metal baffle 320 and the super-surface 310 may also be determined according to the design requirement.

In one embodiment, the radiating element 200 in the array antenna is a dual-polarized antenna element, and includes a bent radiating arm and a feeding structure connected to each other.

Optionally, the dual-polarized antenna element may be a balun-fed dual-polarized antenna element, which has characteristics of a wide band, a small aperture, and the like, and can operate at 1.7-2.2GHz. As shown in fig. 8, the balun-fed dual-polarized antenna element comprises a meander radiation arm 210 and an electrical structure 220. Wherein the meander radiating arm 210 is connected to the feed structure 220.

Referring to fig. 8, the feeding structure 220 is a balun feeding structure, and includes a feeding plate 221, an insulating fixture 222, and a metal housing 223 (shown in fig. 7). The feeding plate 221 is fixed to the insulating fixture 222 and electrically connected to the power feeder, and the bent radiating arm 210 is electrically connected to the metal housing 223 and grounded.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1, the reflector plate 100 is used to carry a balun-fed dual-polarized antenna element (i.e., the radiating element 200) and decoupling components 300, providing support for the entire array antenna and acting as a common ground. The metal casing 223 of the dual-polarized antenna element is welded or screwed with the reflection plate 100 to realize feeding and fixing, and the metal baffle 320 is electrically connected with the reflection plate 100 through welding or screwing.

The bent radiating arm 210 and the metal casing 223 can be integrally formed, and the feed strip 221 and the metal casing 223 form a balun structure to couple and feed the element, so that the bandwidth of the antenna is widened. The bent radiating arm 210 fulfills the design requirement of antenna lateral miniaturization. The whole array antenna is formed to have broadband decoupling characteristics.

In summary, the method is based on the generalized snell theorem, the refraction and reflection principle of the electromagnetic wave is applied, the phase mutation is generated by loading the super surface, the reflection angle and the refraction angle of the electromagnetic wave can be regulated and controlled to change the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave, the mutual coupling of the array antenna is finally reduced, the antenna isolation is improved, the antenna index and the directional diagram are optimized, and the communication efficiency of the communication equipment based on the array antenna is improved. The antenna is particularly suitable for the MIMO array antenna with higher antenna overall miniaturization requirement.

Fig. 7 exemplarily provides a 4 x 4 array antenna including a super-surface 200 formed by a plurality of super-surface units shown in fig. 3, and the simulation result of the array antenna is as follows:

FIG. 9 is a graph showing S parameters of the super-surface unit in FIG. 3, wherein S (1, 1) -12dB and S (2, 1) >1dB are shown, so that the proposed super-surface is a transmission type super-surface.

Fig. 10 is a graph showing a comparison of the homopolarity isolation of the middle unit Port of the array antenna loaded with the metal baffle and the super-surface in fig. 1, when the metal baffle and the super-surface are not loaded, that is, no shielding exists between adjacent radiating units, the isolation of the Port 3 and the Port 5 is 14.5dB. The 1.9GHz-2.2GHz isolation after loading the metal baffle was improved by 3-4dB, but the 1.7GHz isolation was not improved as before loading and was more degraded by 1.6GHz, since the electrical length represented by the same array pitch became smaller with decreasing frequency, which was degraded. After the metal baffle and the super surface are loaded, the isolation degree in the frequency band is reduced by 5-7dB integrally in the frequency band under the condition of no shielding.

Fig. 11 and 12 are diagrams showing a comparison between Port 4 Port main polarization and cross polarization and whether the metal baffle and the super-surface are loaded in the array antenna in fig. 1, when the metal baffle and the super-surface are not loaded, that is, no shielding exists between adjacent radiation units, a Port 4 Port main polarization beam has a deformity due to strong mutual coupling, the maximum radiation direction deviates from 0 °, and the beam width is narrow; port 4 ports are too cross-polarized. After the metal baffle is loaded, the width and the gain of a main polarization beam are improved, but the back lobe is too large; port 4 Port cross-polarization is slightly improved, but not significant. After loading the metal baffle and the super-surface, the main polarization beam width of the Port 4 Port is further improved, the back lobe is reduced, and the cross polarization is obviously reduced.

Fig. 13 shows the voltage standing wave ratio change of the Port 4 on the super-surface and whether the metal baffle is loaded on the array antenna in fig. 1, and after the metal baffle and the super-surface are loaded, the voltage standing wave ratio is reduced to some extent due to the improvement of the mutual coupling problem, so that the standing wave of the array is not influenced by the loading of the super-surface and can be improved.

In one embodiment, the present application further provides a communication device comprising an array antenna.

As can be seen from fig. 1 to 8, the array antenna includes:

a reflection plate 100;

a radiation unit 200, the radiation unit 200 being disposed on the reflection plate 100;

a decoupling member 300, the decoupling member 300 being disposed on the reflection plate 100 and located at a side position of the radiation unit 200; wherein decoupling component 300 comprises a meta-surface 310 having a band-pass characteristic and a phase discontinuity.

In one embodiment, the super-surface 310 includes a dielectric substrate 311 and a plurality of super-surface units 312 disposed on the dielectric substrate 311 and arranged in a periodic manner.

In one embodiment, the size of the super-surface element 312 is related to the target frequency band of the affected electromagnetic wave.

In one embodiment, the size of the super surface unit 312 is inversely related to the height of the target frequency band.

In one embodiment, the distance between two adjacent super-surface elements 312 is related to the amount of phase change of the electromagnetic wave affected by the super-surface 310.

In one embodiment, the distance between two adjacent super-surface elements 312 is inversely related to the amount of phase change of the electromagnetic wave affected by the super-surface 310.

In one embodiment, the super surface unit 312 includes a first metal layer 3121 and a second metal layer 3122, the first metal layer 3121 being enclosed around a periphery of the second metal layer 3122.

In one of the embodiments, the distance between the first metal layer 3121 and the second metal layer 3122 is related to the amount of phase change of the affected electromagnetic wave.

In one of the embodiments, the distance between the first metal layer 3121 and the second metal layer 3122 is inversely related to the amount of phase change of the affected electromagnetic wave.

In one embodiment, the array antenna includes a plurality of radiation units 200, and each radiation unit 200 is provided with a decoupling member 300.

In one embodiment, the decoupling component 300 further comprises a metal baffle 320, and the metal baffle 320 is connected to the super-surface 310.

In one embodiment, the metal baffle 320 and the super-surface 310 are vertically arranged in a spliced manner, and the metal baffle 320 is located below the super-surface 310.

In one embodiment, the radiating element 200 is a dual-polarized antenna element, which includes a meander radiating arm 210 and a feed structure 220; the meander radiating arm 210 is connected to a feed structure 220.

In one embodiment, the array antenna further includes a reflection plate 300, and the reflection plate 300 is electrically connected to the radiation unit 200 and grounded.

In this embodiment, the structure of the array antenna, and the setting parameters and functions of the corresponding structure are the same as those in the foregoing embodiment of the array antenna, and are not described again here.

The foregoing is a further detailed description of the present application in connection with specific/preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the present application to that particular description. For a person skilled in the art to which the present application pertains, several alternatives or modifications to the described embodiments may be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these alternatives or modifications should be considered as falling within the scope of the present application. In the description of the present specification, reference to the description of "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "preferred embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. All possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments may not be described for the sake of brevity, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present disclosure as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present application, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these are all within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An array antenna, comprising:

a reflective plate;

a radiation unit disposed on the reflection plate;

a decoupling member disposed on the reflection plate and located at a side position of the radiation unit; wherein the decoupling component comprises a meta-surface having a band-pass characteristic and a phase discontinuity.

2. The array antenna of claim 1, wherein the super-surface comprises a dielectric substrate and a plurality of super-surface units arranged on the dielectric substrate and arranged in a periodic manner.

3. The array antenna of claim 2, wherein the size of the super-surface element is related to a target frequency band of the affected electromagnetic wave.

4. The array antenna of claim 3, wherein the size of the super-surface element is inversely related to the height of the target frequency band.

5. The array antenna of claim 2, wherein a distance between two adjacent super-surface elements is related to an amount of change in phase of the electromagnetic wave affected by the super-surface.

6. The array antenna of claim 5, wherein the distance between two adjacent super-surface units is inversely related to the amount of phase change of the electromagnetic wave affected by the super-surface.

7. The array antenna of claim 2, wherein the super-surface unit comprises a first metal layer and a second metal layer, and the first metal layer is arranged around the second metal layer.

8. Array antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that the distance between the first metal layer and the second metal layer is related to the amount of phase change of the affected electromagnetic wave.

9. Array antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that the distance between the first metal layer and the second metal layer is inversely related to the amount of change of the phase of the affected electromagnetic wave.

10. The array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the array antenna comprises a plurality of the radiation elements, each of the radiation elements being provided with the decoupling member.

11. Array antenna according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the decoupling component further comprises a metal baffle, which is connected with the super surface.

12. The array antenna of claim 11, wherein the metal bezel and the super surface are arranged in a vertically tiled arrangement, the metal bezel being located below the super surface.

13. Array antenna according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the radiating elements are dual polarized antenna elements comprising meander radiating arms and feeding structures; the bent radiation arm is connected with the feed structure.

14. A communication device comprising an array antenna according to any of claims 1 to 13.