CN115689370B - Forest asset management performance evaluation index system construction method based on analytic hierarchy process - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forest asset management performance evaluation index system construction method based on analytic hierarchy process, which comprises the steps of firstly acquiring forest asset data and constructing an evaluation index system according to the acquired data; then, calculating the weight of the evaluation index in the constructed evaluation index system by fitting analysis; carrying out qualitative and quantitative evaluation on each evaluation index according to the fitting result, and carrying out comprehensive grading on the evaluation indexes according to the calculation of the evaluation result; and finally, dividing a plurality of grades according to the comprehensive score. By the mode, the forest resource asset management performance evaluation index system is constructed, and theoretical support can be provided for the overall construction of the evaluation index system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a system construction method, in particular to a forest asset management performance evaluation index system construction method based on hierarchical analysis.
Background
With the rapid development of social economy, people increasingly pay attention to the sustainable development of society, and the primary problem of the sustainable development is the sustainable utilization and management of natural resources, so that the natural resource asset management performance evaluation enters the field of view of people. The forest resource is taken as an important component of the natural resource, and a natural ecological system formed by taking the forest resource asset as a main body is an important source of life data and social production data of people and is also a necessary condition for maintaining the global ecological environment stable. Therefore, forest resource asset management performance assessment is an important field in natural resource asset management performance assessment work.
At present, the work and research of forest resource asset management performance evaluation in China are still in a starting stage and an exploring stage, the test point work of forest resource asset audit has been developed in 8 provinces of related places in China at present, and a certain popularization and implementation are obtained, but the present technology still faces a plurality of problems, such as difficulty in quantifying the value of forest resources, limited data sources and incomplete information, non-uniform standard of compiling a natural resource asset liability list, lack of uniformly-accepted audit evaluation index system, lack of professional talents familiar with forest resource asset release audit and the like, so that in the process of carrying out forest resource asset management performance evaluation test point work, the evaluation index system and evaluation content adopted in each region of each province are different.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a forest asset management performance evaluation index system construction method based on hierarchical analysis.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a forest asset management performance evaluation index system construction method based on analytic hierarchy process comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring forest resource asset data and constructing an evaluation index system according to the acquired data;
s2, calculating the weight of each evaluation index in the constructed evaluation index system by fitting analysis;
s3, carrying out qualitative and quantitative evaluation on each evaluation index according to the fitting result, and calculating an evaluation index comprehensive score according to the evaluation result;
and S4, dividing a plurality of grades according to the comprehensive score.
Further, the forest resource asset data in S1 includes: forest resource quantity, forest resource quality, operation data of forest resources, protection data of forest resources, forest ecosystem function data and policy making and executing data.
The specific way of constructing the evaluation index system in the step S1 is as follows:
s11, dividing forest resource asset data into a target layer, an element layer and an index layer in sequence;
s12, carrying out pairwise comparison between data in the data of each layer to obtain the importance degree of the data of each layer;
and S13, carrying out importance comparison on each layer of elements according to the importance degree of each layer of elements and each item of data of the previous layer to obtain a judgment matrix of each layer of data.
The specific way of performing the pairwise comparison between the data in the data of each layer in S12 is as follows:
wherein ,covariance of data X and data Y representing participation in comparison,/->Variance of data X representing participation in comparison, +.>Variance of data Y for the participation comparison; />For the comparison of the importance of the two data which are involved in the comparison, if +.>Number of participation in comparisonThe importance of X with respect to the data Y involved in the comparison is higher if +.>The importance of the data X involved in the comparison is lower than the importance of the data Y involved in the comparison.
The further judgment matrix in S13 is expressed as:
wherein, A is a judgment matrix, and row data in the matrix are sequentially forest resource quantity, forest resource quality, operation data of forest resources, protection data of forest resources, forest ecosystem function data and policy formulation and execution data; the column data sequentially comprise the quantity of forest resources, the quality of forest resources, the operation data of forest resources, the protection data of forest resources, the functional data of a forest ecosystem and the policy making and executing data; the values in the matrix represent the degree of importance of the row data and column data judgment.
The step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
s21, performing data fitting according to the judgment matrix, and calculating the weight of each data index;
s22, calculating the consistency index of each weight, judging whether the consistency ratio of each weight accords with logic, and if so, reserving each weight index; if not, data distribution optimization is carried out, and weight distribution adjustment is carried out.
The specific calculation mode of calculating the consistency index of each weight in S22 is as follows:
wherein ,to determine the maximum feature root of the matrix, n is the number of data, < >>Is a random consistency index value,/>For consistency index, ++>Is a consistency ratio.
The specific way of fitting in S2 is as follows:
wherein ,comprehensive scoring of the output evaluation index +.>The method comprises the steps of respectively determining the quantity of forest resources, the quality of the forest resources, the operation data of the forest resources, the protection data of the forest resources, the functional data of a forest ecosystem and the policy formulation and execution data, wherein corresponding product items are the weights of the data.
Further, the qualitative and quantitative evaluation in S3 is as follows:
s31, adopting a Min-Max method to normalize the quantitative index data, wherein the specific mode is as follows:
wherein ,X i 'the' representation of the single-item index score,X max represents the maximum value of the index,X min the minimum value of the index is indicated,X i representing the actual value of the index;
s32, expert scoring is carried out on the qualitative indexes by using an expert scoring mode;
s33, calculating final evaluation scores of forest resource asset management protection within a certain time period by using a linear weighting mode, wherein the calculation mode is as follows:
wherein ,Y i is the comprehensive evaluation score value, the larger the value is, the better the forest resource management and protection effect is in the evaluation time,X i ' is the normalized score of the i-th evaluation index,W i the weight of each evaluation factor is n, and the number of the evaluation indexes is n.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
and carrying out weight analysis and comprehensive evaluation on the indexes by adopting an analytic hierarchy process and a fitting mode, constructing a forest resource asset management performance evaluation index system, and providing theoretical support for the overall construction of the evaluation index system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a forest asset management performance evaluation index system construction method based on analytic hierarchy process.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and all the inventions which make use of the inventive concept are protected by the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined in the appended claims to those skilled in the art.
A forest asset management performance evaluation index system construction method based on analytic hierarchy process, as shown in figure 1, comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring forest resource asset data and constructing an evaluation index system according to the acquired data;
when the evaluation index is selected, working experience summary of forest resource asset departure audit test points is learned and developed all over the country by reading related theories of forest resource asset audit and environment audit at home and abroad, and the forest resource asset departure audit evaluation index is researched by referring to the previous research developed in the aspect of forest resource asset departure audit evaluation index, combining expert consultation and questionnaires, and contacting the staff of forestry departments and audit departments. Finally determining and executing 6-dimensional construction of a multi-level evaluation index system from the forest resource quantity, the forest resource quality, the management of the forest resource, the forest resource protection, the forest ecosystem function and related policies, as shown in the table 1
Table 1 Multi-level evaluation index System
(1) Forest resource quantity. The present element index is generally represented by a natural forest area, an artificial forest area, a natural forest accumulation amount, an artificial forest accumulation amount, a forest land holding amount, and the like. These indexes are all investigated by forest resource class two.
(2) Forest resource quality. Mainly reflects the productivity and health condition of forest resources; the element index is respectively embodied by indexes such as forest land productivity, artificial forest unit area accumulation amount, artificial forest area change amount, unit area comprehensive growth amount and the like.
(3) And (5) managing forest resources. The method mainly refers to the operating conditions of forestry departments on forests, and is mainly embodied by indexes such as newly-built forests, middle-young forests tending proportion, low-efficiency forests transformation proportion and the like.
(4) And (5) protecting forest resources. The investigation is embodied by aspects of forest pest incidence, forest fire incidence, illegal and illicit harvest, illegal and illicit occupation forest land area, change of the number of rare endangered species, change of the number of ancient trees and the like.
(5) Forest ecosystem functions. The natural environment conditions and the utility of human beings formed and maintained by the forest ecological system and the ecological process; the element index is mainly embodied by the aspects of variety richness change, forest land water conservation function change, forest land water and soil conservation function change, forest carbon reserve change and the like.
(6) Related policy formulation and enforcement. The method mainly refers to the implementation strength specified by related policies in the process of forest resource management and protection by forestry departments, and the investigation is embodied in aspects of whether a forest management scheme is compiled or not, forest land feature occupation approval system, forest fire prevention institutions and facilities, forest evidence harvesting implementation conditions and the like.
On the basis that the construction of the framework of the evaluation index system is completed,
s11, dividing forest resource asset data into a target layer, an element layer and an index layer in sequence;
s12, carrying out pairwise comparison between data in the data of each layer to obtain the importance degree of the data of each layer, wherein the specific mode is as follows:
wherein ,covariance of data X and data Y representing participation in comparison,/->Variance of data X representing participation in comparison, +.>Variance of data Y for the participation comparison; />For the comparison of the importance of the two data which are involved in the comparison, if +.>The importance of the data X involved in the comparison is higher than that of the data Y involved in the comparison, if +.>The importance of the data X involved in the comparison is lower than the importance of the data Y involved in the comparison.
S13, comparing the importance degree of each layer of element with each item of data of the previous layer to obtain a judgment matrix of each layer of data, wherein the judgment matrix is expressed as:
the importance judging scale of each index adopts an importance grade scale method of 1-9, and the importance grade of the index is evaluated in a numerical form. As shown in table 2.
Table 2 importance judging scale of each index and meaning explanation thereof
S2, calculating the weight of the evaluation index in the constructed evaluation index system by fitting analysis.
In this embodiment, the method comprises the following steps of
S21, carrying out data fitting according to the judgment matrix, and calculating the weight of each data index, wherein the specific fitting formula is as follows:
wherein ,comprehensive scoring of the output evaluation index +.>The method comprises the steps of respectively determining the quantity of forest resources, the quality of the forest resources, the operation data of the forest resources, the protection data of the forest resources, the functional data of a forest ecosystem and the policy formulation and execution data, wherein corresponding product items are the weights of the data.
S22, calculating the consistency index of each weight, judging whether the consistency ratio of each weight accords with logic, and if so, reserving each weight index; if not, data distribution optimization is carried out, weight distribution adjustment is carried out, and the calculation mode is as follows:
wherein ,to determine the maximum feature root of the matrix, n is the number of data, < >>Is a random consistency index value,/>For consistency index, ++>The consistency ratio is shown in Table 3.
Table 3 determination of matrix RI values
Through the construction of the judgment matrix of each detailed index and through consistency test, a forest resource management performance evaluation index system and each index weight are further obtained, as shown in table 4.
Table 4 forest resource management performance evaluation index system and each index weight
S3, carrying out qualitative and quantitative evaluation on each evaluation index according to the fitting result, and carrying out comprehensive grading on the evaluation indexes according to the evaluation result calculation;
the forest resource asset performance evaluation index system consists of qualitative indexes and quantitative indexes. For quantitative indexes, a standardized processing method is adopted; and for the qualitative indexes, an expert scoring method is adopted to obtain scores of different indexes, so that final comprehensive scores are obtained through summarizing.
S31, because the unit quantities of the raw data of the quantitative indexes are different and cannot be directly compared, a standardized processing method is adopted to remove the influence caused by the difference of orders of magnitude and dimensions, so that different index data also have uniform comparison standards. The method adopts a Min-Max standardization method to carry out standardization treatment on the original data, and the specific formula is as follows:
forward index normalization score:
negative index normalized score:
wherein ,X i 'the' representation of the single-item index score,X max represents the maximum value of the index,X min the minimum value of the index is indicated,X i representing the actual value of the index;
s32, expert scoring is carried out on the qualitative indexes by using an expert scoring mode; for qualitative index, a questionnaire method is adopted. Setting up five grades A-E through questionnaires, respectively corresponding to five equal difference scores of 100 minutes to 20 minutes, requesting relevant expert personnel of forestry offices and audit offices to score indexes, and carrying out simple weighted average on the scoring results so as to obtain the final scoring value of the qualitative index.
S33, calculating final evaluation scores of forest resource asset management protection within a certain time period by using a linear weighting mode, wherein the calculation mode is as follows:
wherein ,Y i is the comprehensive evaluation score value, the larger the value is, the better the forest resource management and protection effect is in the evaluation time,X i ' is the normalized score of the i-th evaluation index,W i the weight of each evaluation factor is n, and the number of the evaluation indexes is n.
And S4, dividing a plurality of grades according to the comprehensive score, and perfecting the construction of the evaluation index.
The conditions according to the comprehensive score are as follows: excellent, good, medium and bad. The specific grade composite score values are shown in table 5.
Table 5 comprehensive score evaluation rating
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present invention, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention in view of the above.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein are for the purpose of aiding the reader in understanding the principles of the present invention and should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various other specific modifications and combinations from the teachings of the present disclosure without departing from the spirit thereof, and such modifications and combinations remain within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (4)
1. The forest asset management performance evaluation index system construction method based on the analytic hierarchy process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, acquiring forest resource asset data and constructing an evaluation index system according to the acquired data, wherein the specific mode for constructing the evaluation index system is as follows:
s11, dividing forest resource asset data into a target layer, an element layer and an index layer in sequence;
s12, carrying out pairwise comparison between data in the data of each layer to obtain the importance degree of the data of each layer;
s13, comparing the importance degree of each layer of element with each item of data of the previous layer to obtain a judgment matrix of each layer of data, wherein the judgment matrix is expressed as follows:
wherein, A is a judgment matrix, and row data in the matrix are sequentially forest resource quantity, forest resource quality, operation data of forest resources, protection data of forest resources, forest ecosystem function data and policy formulation and execution data; the column data sequentially comprise the quantity of forest resources, the quality of forest resources, the operation data of forest resources, the protection data of forest resources, the functional data of a forest ecosystem and the policy making and executing data; the numerical value in the matrix represents the importance degree obtained by judging the row data and the column data;
s2, calculating the weight of the evaluation index in the constructed evaluation index system by fitting analysis, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s21, carrying out data fitting according to the judgment matrix, and calculating the weight of each data index, wherein the specific formula of the data fitting is as follows:
wherein ,comprehensive scoring of the output evaluation index +.>The method comprises the steps of respectively determining the quantity of forest resources, the quality of the forest resources, the operation data of the forest resources, the protection data of the forest resources, the functional data of a forest ecosystem and the policy formulation and execution data, wherein corresponding product items are the weights of the data;
s22, calculating the consistency index of each weight, judging whether the consistency ratio of each weight accords with logic, and if so, reserving each weight index; if not, data distribution optimization is carried out, and weight distribution adjustment is carried out;
s3, carrying out qualitative and quantitative evaluation on each evaluation index according to the fitting result, and calculating the comprehensive score of the evaluation index according to the evaluation result, wherein the qualitative and quantitative evaluation modes are as follows:
s31, adopting a Min-Max method to normalize the quantitative index data, wherein the specific mode is as follows:
wherein ,X i 'the' representation of the single-item index score,X max represents the maximum value of the index,X min the minimum value of the index is indicated,X i representing the actual value of the index;
s32, expert scoring is carried out on the qualitative indexes by using an expert scoring mode;
s33, calculating final evaluation scores of forest resource asset management protection within a certain time period by using a linear weighting mode, wherein the calculation mode is as follows:
wherein ,Y i is the comprehensive evaluation score value, the larger the value is, the better the forest resource management and protection effect is in the evaluation time,X i ' is the normalized score of the i-th evaluation index,W i the weight of each evaluation factor is given, and n is the number of evaluation indexes;
and S4, dividing a plurality of grades according to the comprehensive score.
2. The method for constructing a forest asset management performance evaluation index system based on hierarchical analysis as set forth in claim 1, wherein the forest asset data in S1 includes: forest resource quantity, forest resource quality, operation data of forest resources, protection data of forest resources, forest ecosystem function data and policy making and executing data.
3. The method for constructing a forest asset management performance evaluation index system based on hierarchical analysis according to claim 1, wherein the specific manner of performing the pairwise comparison between the data in each layer of data in S12 is as follows:
wherein ,covariance of data X and data Y representing participation in comparison,/->Variance of data X representing participation in comparison, +.>Variance of data Y for the participation comparison; />For the comparison of the importance of the two data which are involved in the comparison, if +.>The data X involved in the comparison is of higher importance than the data Y involved in the comparison, ifThe data X involved in the comparison is of lower importance than the data Y involved in the comparison.
4. The method for constructing a forest asset management performance evaluation index system based on hierarchical analysis according to claim 1, wherein the specific calculation mode of calculating the consistency index of each weight in S22 is as follows:
wherein ,to determine the maximum feature root of the matrix, n is the number of data, < >>Is a random consistency index value,/>For consistency index, ++>Is a consistency ratio.
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