CN115681493A - Mechanical speed change structure of electric tool - Google Patents
Mechanical speed change structure of electric tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN115681493A CN115681493A CN202211546081.6A CN202211546081A CN115681493A CN 115681493 A CN115681493 A CN 115681493A CN 202211546081 A CN202211546081 A CN 202211546081A CN 115681493 A CN115681493 A CN 115681493A
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Abstract
The application discloses mechanical variable speed structure includes: a motor and a motor shaft gear; a transmission shaft meshed with the motor shaft gear through a gear; the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear are fixed on the transmission shaft; the clutch gear shaft, and a first clutch gear and a second clutch gear which are movably sleeved on the clutch gear shaft; an output shaft engaged with the clutch gear shaft through a gear; the first clutch gear is meshed with the first transmission gear to form a first gear ratio, and the second clutch gear is meshed with the second transmission gear to form a second gear ratio; key grooves are formed in the first clutch gear and the second clutch gear; a clutch pin key which can move along the axial direction of the clutch gear shaft is arranged in the clutch gear shaft; and a push rod is arranged below the clutch pin key, and the clutch pin key is controlled to be clamped with the key groove on the first clutch gear or the second clutch gear by controlling the movement of the push rod, so that different rotating speed outputs are formed.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of electric tools, and more particularly, to a mechanical speed change mechanism for an electric tool.
Background
In the electric tool, different rotation speed outputs are often required to be provided according to different use scenes or different production requirements.
In the prior art, a plurality of structures with switchable rotation speed exist. For example, patent publication No. CN203061923U proposes a mechanical speed-changing engineering driller, which drives a moving gear to move through a shift lever, and then realizes actual transmission between one of the moving gear or a static gear and a transmission shaft, so as to change speed; also, for example, patent publication No. CN210023860U proposes a mechanical speed adjusting device for bench drills, in which a knob drives a shifting fork to drive a clutch to cooperate with different gears, so as to realize the switching of the rotating speed.
The shifting fork/the shifting rod drives the clutch or the moving gear to move, the contact surface between the shifting fork and the clutch or the moving gear is small (generally, one point or two points), the requirement on the machining precision of the part is high, and the clutch or the moving gear cannot move smoothly if the precision is low or the shifting fork is used for a long time, so that the gear shifting efficiency and the operation hand feeling are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
To the deficiency of the prior art, the application provides a mechanical speed change structure of an electric tool to solve the prior technical defects.
The technical scheme adopted by the application for solving the technical problem is as follows: a mechanical speed change structure of an electric tool comprises a motor and a motor shaft gear; a transmission shaft meshed with the motor shaft gear through a gear; the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear are fixed on the transmission shaft; the clutch gear shaft, and a first clutch gear and a second clutch gear which are movably sleeved on the clutch gear shaft; an output shaft engaged with the clutch gear shaft through a gear; the first clutch gear is meshed with the first transmission gear to form a first gear ratio, and the second clutch gear is meshed with the second transmission gear to form a second gear ratio; key grooves are formed in the first clutch gear and the second clutch gear; a clutch pin key which can move along the axial direction of the clutch gear shaft is arranged in the clutch gear shaft; the clutch gear shaft is internally provided with a central axial hole, a push rod is arranged to extend into the central axial hole to be abutted against the clutch pin key, a spring is arranged in the central axial hole at the end opposite to the push rod, the spring applies acting force to the clutch pin key to move towards the second clutch gear, and the clutch pin key is controlled to be clamped with the key groove on the first clutch gear or the second clutch gear by the cooperation of the push rod and the spring.
In the above technical solution, further, when the push rod is located at the first position in the central axial hole, the push rod presses the clutch pin to overcome the spring acting force, so that the clutch pin is engaged with the first clutch gear; when the push rod is located at the second position in the central axial hole, the clutch pin key is separated from the first clutch gear under the action force of the spring and moves to be clamped with the second clutch gear.
In the above technical scheme, further, a push button is fixedly mounted at an end of the push rod, the push button is provided with a fixture block, and the fixture block is locked with the machine body after the push rod rotates.
In the above technical scheme, further, the end of the central axial hole away from one end of the push rod is provided with a detachable limiting component, and the spring is arranged between the limiting component and the clutch pin.
As another technical solution adopted by the present application to solve the same technical problem: the mechanical speed changing structure of the electric tool comprises a motor and a motor shaft gear; a transmission shaft meshed with the motor shaft gear through a gear; the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear are fixed on the transmission shaft; the clutch gear shaft, and a first clutch gear and a second clutch gear which are movably sleeved on the clutch gear shaft; an output shaft engaged with the clutch gear shaft through a gear; the first clutch gear is meshed with the first transmission gear to form a first gear ratio, and the second clutch gear is meshed with the second transmission gear to form a second gear ratio; key grooves are formed in the first clutch gear and the second clutch gear; a clutch pin key which can move along the axial direction of the clutch gear shaft is arranged in the clutch gear shaft; the clutch gear shaft is internally provided with a central axial hole, a push rod is arranged to extend into the central axial hole to be connected with the clutch pin key, and the clutch pin key is driven by the push rod to be clamped with the key groove on the first clutch gear or the second clutch gear.
In the above technical solution, further, when the push rod is located at the first position in the central axial hole, the push rod drives the clutch pin key to engage with the first clutch gear; and when the push rod is positioned at the second position in the central axial hole, the push rod drives the clutch pin key to be separated from the first clutch gear and move to be clamped with the second clutch gear.
In the above technical scheme, further, the end of the push rod is rotatably provided with a push button through a bearing, the push button is provided with a fixture block, and the fixture block is locked with the machine body after the push button rotates.
As a further technical characteristic of the two technical schemes, the clutch gear shaft is provided with a sliding groove which penetrates through in the radial direction, and the clutch pin key moves in the sliding groove.
As a further technical feature of the two technical solutions, a flat bearing is further disposed between the first clutch gear and the second clutch gear.
As a further technical feature of the two technical solutions, an inner step is disposed in the central axial hole, a limiting boss is disposed at an inner end portion of the push rod, and the inner step is used for limiting the limiting boss to limit a maximum moving distance of the push rod.
As a further technical feature of the two technical solutions, the outer ring of the clutch gear shaft is provided with a retaining ring and an outer step, and the first clutch gear and the second clutch gear are arranged between the retaining ring and the outer step; a first flat gasket is arranged between the first clutch gear and the retainer ring, and a second flat gasket is arranged between the second clutch gear and the outer step.
As a further technical feature of the two technical solutions, the keyways on the first clutch gear or the second clutch gear are symmetrically arranged and are provided with two or more groups.
As a further technical feature of the two technical solutions, the machine body is provided with a first gear locking opening and a second gear locking opening.
As a further technical characteristic of two kinds of technical scheme, the both ends of clutch gear shaft are fixed on the organism through the bearing, are close to the outer end that pushes away the bearing of button one end and are provided with the oil blanket, the push rod passes the oil blanket and forms sealedly.
The beneficial effect of this application is: the speed change structure with a brand-new operation mode is provided for the electric tool, the switching of the rotating speed is realized by matching the movable pin key arranged in the clutch gear shaft with different clutch gears, the matching tolerance between the parts is larger, the machining precision requirement is reduced, and the gear shifting is smoother and easier; furthermore, the pin key is controlled by a push rod with a locking function, the operation is simple, and as one mode, automatic gear shifting can be realized under the action of a spring; alternatively, a manually controlled shift may be used.
Drawings
The present application is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a first state structure diagram of a first embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a second state structure diagram of the first embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a modified embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the clutch gear structure of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the present application.
In the figure, the first embodiment: 1. the clutch comprises a motor shaft gear, a transmission shaft, a first transmission gear, a second transmission gear, a first clutch gear, a second clutch gear, a clutch toothed shaft, an outer step, a sliding groove, a central axial hole, a 731 inner step, a 732 limiting component, a retainer ring, a 9 output shaft, a 10 key groove, a 11 clutch pin key, a 12 push rod, a 13 spring, a 14 push button, a 141 fixture block, a 15 oil seal, a 16 machine body, a 161 first gear locking opening, a 162 second gear locking opening, a 17 plane bearing, a 18 first flat gasket, a 19 second flat gasket, a first elastic element, a second elastic element, a third elastic element and a third elastic element, wherein the motor shaft gear is connected with the first clutch gear and the second clutch gear;
the second embodiment: the gear comprises a motor shaft gear 1A, a transmission shaft 2A, a first transmission gear 3A, a second transmission gear 4A, a first clutch gear 5A, a second clutch gear 6A, a clutch gear shaft 7A, a sliding chute 72A, a central axial hole 73A, an output shaft 9A, a clutch pin key 11A, a push rod 12A, a push button 14, an oil seal 15A, a machine body 16A, a first gear locking port 161A, a second gear locking port 162A and a plane bearing 17A.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the first embodiment of the present application: a mechanical speed changing structure can be applied to but not limited to electric tools such as drilling machines, electric hammers and the like which need to realize rotation speed switching. The clutch comprises a motor (not shown) arranged in a machine body and a motor shaft gear 1 driven by the motor to rotate, wherein one side of the motor shaft gear 1 is provided with a transmission shaft 2 meshed with the motor shaft gear 1 through a gear, a first transmission gear 3 and a second transmission gear 4 are fixedly arranged on the transmission shaft 2, a first clutch gear 5 and a second clutch gear 6 are respectively meshed with the first transmission gear 3 and the second transmission gear 4, the first clutch gear 5 and the second clutch gear 6 are movably sleeved on a clutch gear shaft 7 positioned on one side of the transmission shaft 2, the movable sleeve refers to that the first clutch gear 5 and the second clutch gear 6 can idle relative to the clutch gear shaft 7 under the premise of no third component, meanwhile, an outer step 71 is arranged on the clutch gear shaft 7, the second clutch gear 6 is arranged on the outer step 71, the first clutch gear 5 is arranged above the second clutch gear 6 (the upper side of the clutch gear 7 is only in the direction shown in the figure and does not mean that the specific direction of the clutch gear is limited), and then the outer end face of the second clutch gear 6 is provided with a retaining ring 8 to prevent the second clutch gear 5 and the clutch gear 6 from moving along the axial direction of the clutch shaft 7. The clutch gear shaft 7 drives the output shaft 9 to rotate in a gear transmission mode. The first clutch gear 5 is meshed with the first transmission gear 3 to form a first gear ratio, and the second clutch gear 6 is meshed with the second transmission gear 4 to form a second gear ratio, so that output of two different rotating speeds can be realized.
The first clutch gear 5 and the second clutch gear 6 are both provided with a key groove 10, the clutch toothed shaft 7 is provided with a sliding groove 72 which radially penetrates through, a movable clutch pin 11 is arranged in the sliding groove 72, the clutch toothed shaft 7 is also provided with a central axial hole 73 which penetrates through, a push rod 12 is arranged in the central axial hole 73, an inner step 731 is arranged in the central axial hole 73, the inner end part of the push rod 12 is provided with a limit boss 121, the push rod 12 is inserted into the central axial hole 73 from the upper end in the direction shown in the drawing and can move, and the limit boss 121 and the inner step 731 are used for limiting the maximum moving distance of the push rod 12 so as to prevent the push rod from falling off when reaching the maximum moving distance.
The inner end portion (i.e. the upper portion in the figure) of the push rod 12 is disposed at the lower end of the clutch pin 11, a spring 13 is disposed in the central axial hole 73 above the clutch pin 11 (i.e. in the central axial hole 73 at the end opposite to the push rod 12), a detachable limiting component 732 is disposed at the upper end port of the central axial hole 73, the limiting component 732 is preferably a set screw or a self-locking screw (for convenience of assembly and maintenance), the spring is disposed between the limiting component 732 and the clutch pin 11, and the spring 13 applies an acting force of the clutch pin 11 moving towards the second clutch gear 6, so that the position of the clutch pin 11 on the sliding chute 72 can be controlled by the movement of the push rod 12, and the clutch pin 11 is engaged with the key groove 10 on the first clutch gear 5 or the second clutch gear 6 by different positions of the clutch pin 11, thereby realizing speed change.
Specifically, when the push rod 12 is located at a first position (relatively above) in the central axial hole 73, the push rod presses the clutch pin 11 to overcome the acting force of the spring 13, so that the clutch pin 11 is located relatively above and is engaged with the first clutch gear 5, and the first clutch gear 5, the clutch pin 11 and the clutch gear shaft 7 form a whole to synchronously rotate, so as to realize first rotational speed output (as shown in fig. 1); when the push rod 12 is located at the second position in the central axial hole 73, that is, when the push rod 12 is downward, the clutch pin 11 is disengaged from the first clutch gear 5 and moves to be engaged with the second clutch gear 6 under the action of the spring 13, so as to realize the second rotational speed output (as shown in fig. 2).
The embodiment realizes that the clutch pin 11 can be automatically matched with the second clutch gear 6 under the action of the spring 13 when the push rod 12 is unlocked, and the automatic switching from the first gear to the second gear is realized.
In order to realize locking during first rotational speed output, a push button 14 is fixedly mounted at an end of the push rod 12 through a screw, the push button 14 is provided with a fixture block 141, the fixture block 141 locks the first gear locking hole 161 on the machine body 16 after the push rod 12 rotates, and when the fixture block 141 locks with the machine body 16, the clutch pin 11 is placed in the first clutch gear 5. In this embodiment, the upper end of the push rod 12 is in rotational contact with the lower end of the clutch pin 11, that is, during the operation, the push rod 12 is fixed, the clutch pin 11 will rotate along with the clutch gear and the clutch gear shaft 7, and during this process, the rotation of the first clutch gear 5 or the second clutch gear 6 will not drive the fixture block 141 to rotate out.
As shown in fig. 4, as a further modification of the first embodiment, a plane bearing 17 is further disposed between the first clutch gear 5 and the second clutch gear 6; the first clutch gear 5 and the second clutch gear 6 are arranged between the retainer ring 8 and the outer step 71 of the clutch gear shaft 7; a first flat gasket 18 is arranged between the first clutch gear 5 and the retainer ring 8, and a second flat gasket 19 is arranged between the second clutch gear 6 and the outer step 71. Through the arrangement of the plane bearing 17, the first clutch gear 5 can be prevented from being in direct contact with the second clutch gear 6, and the friction between the parts is reduced, so that the use effect is improved, and the service life is prolonged. The first flat gasket 18 can avoid the condition of uneven stress caused by uneven contact area between the retainer ring 8 and the first clutch gear 5. The second flat washer 19 is provided to increase a supporting area and a contact area of the second clutch gear 6 in a case where the width of the outer step 71 is limited, thereby stabilizing the structure.
In order to improve the probability of successful gear shifting, referring to fig. 3, the key slots 10 on the first clutch gear 5 or the second clutch gear 6 are symmetrically arranged and are provided with two or more sets, and in this embodiment, two sets of key slots 10 are used, which are arranged perpendicular to each other.
Two ends of the clutch gear shaft 7 are fixed on the machine body 16 through bearings, in order to ensure the sealing performance and prevent oil leakage, two ends of the clutch gear shaft 7 are fixed on the machine body 16 through bearings, an oil seal 15 is arranged at the outer end of the bearing close to one end of the push button 14, and the push rod 12 penetrates through the oil seal 15 to form sealing.
The technical scheme of this application, when using, only need through push button 14 and push rod 12 come control separation and reunion cotter 11 with the separation and reunion gear of difference mesh can, at separation and reunion cotter 11's removal in-process, the activity is smooth-going, the difficult condition that blocks shelves appear.
Referring to fig. 6, a second embodiment of the present application: in the figure, 1A is a motor shaft gear, 2A is a transmission shaft, 3A is a first transmission gear, 4A is a second transmission gear, 5A is a first clutch gear, 6A is a second clutch gear, 7A is a clutch gear shaft, 72A is a sliding chute, 73A is a central axial hole, 9A is an output shaft, 11A is a clutch pin key, 12A is a push rod, 14 is a push button, 15A is an oil seal, 16A is a machine body, 161A is a first gear locking port, 162A is a second gear locking port, and 17A is a plane bearing. The present embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment and the modified structure thereof, except that the present embodiment can directly perform manual control on the push rod 12A without providing a spring and a limiting component in the central axial hole 73A, so as to realize manual gear shifting. Specifically, the push rod 12A extends into the central axial hole 73A, and the upper end of the push rod 12A is fixedly connected with the clutch pin key 11A in various manners, such as screw fitting, interference press fitting and the like, and the push rod 12A drives the clutch pin key 11A to be engaged with the key groove on the first clutch gear 5A or the second clutch gear 6A; when the push rod 12A is located at a first position (i.e. relatively above) in the central axial hole 13A, the clutch pin key 11A is driven to be clamped with the first clutch gear 5A; when the push rod 12A is located at the second position (i.e., relatively below) in the central axial hole 13A, the push rod drives the clutch pin 11A to disengage from the first clutch gear 5A and move to engage with the second clutch gear 6A. Because the push rod 12A is fixedly matched with the clutch pin key 11A, when the clutch pin key 11A rotates, the push rod 12A also rotates along with the clutch pin key, in order to ensure the implementation, a push button 14A is rotatably installed at the lower end part of the push rod 12A through a bearing 18, and the push button 14A is provided with a clamping block which is locked with the machine body 16A after the push button 14A rotates. With such an arrangement, during operation, the rotation of the push rod 12A will not drive the push button 14A to disengage from the body 16A, thereby ensuring the locking of the gears. The present embodiment provides a new way of operation to achieve the same technical effect.
It should be further noted that, the present application provides a mechanical speed changing structure of an electric power tool, in the above embodiments, all of which are two-stage speed changing, but this is not meant to be limited to only two-stage speed changing, and in the technology of the above embodiments, it is a simple modification made to the technical solution of the present application in that one or more new sets of clutch gears and transmission gears are added to achieve more stages of speed changing.
Claims (14)
1. A mechanical speed changing structure of an electric tool comprises,
a motor and a motor shaft gear;
a transmission shaft meshed with the motor shaft gear through a gear;
the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear are fixed on the transmission shaft;
the clutch gear shaft, and a first clutch gear and a second clutch gear which are movably sleeved on the clutch gear shaft;
an output shaft engaged with the clutch gear shaft through a gear;
the first clutch gear is meshed with the first transmission gear to form a first gear ratio, and the second clutch gear is meshed with the second transmission gear to form a second gear ratio;
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
key grooves are formed in the first clutch gear and the second clutch gear;
a clutch pin key capable of moving along the axial direction of the clutch gear shaft is arranged in the clutch gear shaft;
the clutch gear shaft is internally provided with a central axial hole, a push rod is arranged to stretch into the central axial hole to be abutted against the clutch pin key, a spring is arranged in the central axial hole at the end opposite to the push rod, the spring applies acting force to the clutch pin key to move towards the second clutch gear, and the clutch pin key is controlled to be clamped with the key groove on the first clutch gear or the second clutch gear by matching the push rod with the spring.
2. The mechanical speed change structure of an electric tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the push rod is in the first position in the central axial hole, the push rod presses the clutch pin against the spring force to engage the clutch pin with the first clutch gear; when the push rod is located at the second position in the central axial hole, the clutch pin key is separated from the first clutch gear under the action force of the spring and moves to be clamped with the second clutch gear.
3. The mechanical speed changing structure of an electric tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein a push button is fixedly mounted at an end of the push rod, the push button is provided with a locking block, and the locking block is locked with the machine body after the push rod rotates.
4. The mechanical speed change structure of an electric tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the end of the central axial hole away from the end of the push rod is provided with a detachable limiting member, and the spring is arranged between the limiting member and the clutch pin.
5. A mechanical speed changing structure of an electric tool comprises,
a motor and a motor shaft gear;
a transmission shaft meshed with the motor shaft gear through a gear;
the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear are fixed on the transmission shaft;
the clutch gear shaft, and a first clutch gear and a second clutch gear which are movably sleeved on the clutch gear shaft;
an output shaft engaged with the clutch gear shaft through a gear;
the first clutch gear is meshed with the first transmission gear to form a first gear ratio, and the second clutch gear is meshed with the second transmission gear to form a second gear ratio;
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
key grooves are formed in the first clutch gear and the second clutch gear;
a clutch pin key capable of moving along the axial direction of the clutch gear shaft is arranged in the clutch gear shaft;
the clutch gear shaft is internally provided with a central axial hole, a push rod is arranged to extend into the central axial hole to be connected with a clutch pin key, and the clutch pin key is driven by the push rod to be clamped with a key groove on the first clutch gear or the second clutch gear.
6. The mechanical speed changing structure of the electric tool as claimed in claim 5, wherein the push rod drives the clutch pin to engage with the first clutch gear when the push rod is at the first position in the central axial hole; and when the push rod is positioned at a second position in the central axial hole, the push rod drives the clutch pin key to be separated from the first clutch gear and move to be clamped with the second clutch gear.
7. The mechanical speed changing structure of an electric tool as claimed in claim 5, wherein the end of the push rod is rotatably mounted with a push button through a bearing, the push button is provided with a latch, and the latch locks with the machine body after the push button is rotated.
8. The mechanical speed changing structure of an electric tool according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the clutch gear shaft is provided with a sliding groove which penetrates in the radial direction, and the clutch pin is movable in the sliding groove.
9. The mechanical speed change structure of an electric tool as claimed in claim 1 or 5, wherein a flat bearing is further provided between the first clutch gear and the second clutch gear.
10. The mechanical speed changing structure of an electric tool according to claim 1 or 5, wherein an inner step is arranged in the central axial hole, a limit boss is arranged at the inner end part of the push rod, and the inner step is used for limiting the limit boss so as to limit the maximum moving distance of the push rod.
11. The mechanical speed change structure of an electric tool as claimed in claim 1 or 5, wherein the outer ring of the clutch gear shaft is provided with a retainer ring and an outer step, and the first clutch gear and the second clutch gear are arranged between the retainer ring and the outer step; a first flat gasket is arranged between the first clutch gear and the retainer ring, and a second flat gasket is arranged between the second clutch gear and the outer step.
12. The mechanical speed changing structure of an electric tool as claimed in claim 1 or 5, wherein the key slots of the first clutch gear or the second clutch gear are symmetrically arranged and two or more sets are provided.
13. The mechanical speed changing structure of an electric tool as claimed in claim 3 or 7, wherein the body is provided with a first gear locking hole and a second gear locking hole.
14. The mechanical speed changing structure of an electric tool as claimed in claim 3 or 7, wherein both ends of the clutch gear shaft are fixed to the machine body through bearings, an oil seal is provided at an outer end of the bearing near one end of the push button, and the push rod penetrates through the oil seal to form a seal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211546081.6A CN115681493A (en) | 2022-12-05 | 2022-12-05 | Mechanical speed change structure of electric tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211546081.6A CN115681493A (en) | 2022-12-05 | 2022-12-05 | Mechanical speed change structure of electric tool |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115681493A true CN115681493A (en) | 2023-02-03 |
Family
ID=85056761
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211546081.6A Pending CN115681493A (en) | 2022-12-05 | 2022-12-05 | Mechanical speed change structure of electric tool |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115681493A (en) |
-
2022
- 2022-12-05 CN CN202211546081.6A patent/CN115681493A/en active Pending
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