CN115681232B - Hydraulic system and four-way forklift with same - Google Patents
Hydraulic system and four-way forklift with same Download PDFInfo
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- CN115681232B CN115681232B CN202211377916.XA CN202211377916A CN115681232B CN 115681232 B CN115681232 B CN 115681232B CN 202211377916 A CN202211377916 A CN 202211377916A CN 115681232 B CN115681232 B CN 115681232B
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Abstract
The application discloses a hydraulic system and a four-way forklift with the hydraulic system, which belong to the technical field of forklift hydraulic systems and comprise an oil tank, a power part, a working part, a control part and a traveling part, wherein the power part is respectively connected with the working part and the traveling part through the control part, the power part comprises a gear pump and a plunger pump, the gear pump is connected with the working part, and the traveling part comprises a first traveling motor, a second traveling motor, a rear steering cylinder, a left steering cylinder and a right steering cylinder; the working part comprises a lifting oil cylinder, an inclined oil cylinder and a telescopic oil cylinder, the plunger pump is connected with a first walking motor and a second walking motor of the walking part, and the gear pump is also connected with a rear steering oil cylinder, a left steering oil cylinder and a right steering oil cylinder of the walking part. The application can solve the problems of insufficient energy density, space occupation of a motor, space occupation of a gearbox of the forklift of the internal combustion engine, noise tail gas pollution and the like of the electric forklift in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of forklift hydraulic systems, and particularly relates to a hydraulic system and a four-way forklift with the hydraulic system.
Background
Most of the conventional common forklifts adopt an engine, a gearbox or a motor, a gearbox driving mode, the gearbox is directly connected with a power source, and the arrangement of components of the whole forklift is limited; the connection mode of the engine and the gearbox occupies large space, and noise pollution and the like are serious; the energy density of the transmission mode of the motor and the gearbox is small, and the driving force is limited; the motor arrangement takes up space and may require the arrangement of multiple motors.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a hydraulic system capable of solving the technical problems of insufficient energy density, occupied space of a motor, occupied space of a gearbox of a forklift of an internal combustion engine, pollution of noise tail gas and the like of an electric forklift in the prior art and a four-way forklift with the hydraulic system; the hydraulic system can be used for driving the walking part and the working part of the four-way forklift and has the advantages of quiet running, high energy density, adjustable walking speed, self-adaptive adjustment of driving force and the like.
The technical scheme provided by the application is as follows: the hydraulic system comprises an oil tank, a power part, a working part, a control part and a walking part, wherein the power part is respectively connected with the working part and the walking part through the control part, the power part comprises a gear pump and a plunger pump, the gear pump is connected with the working part, and the walking part comprises a first walking motor, a second walking motor, a rear steering cylinder, a left steering cylinder and a right steering cylinder; the working part comprises a lifting oil cylinder, an inclined oil cylinder and a telescopic oil cylinder, the plunger pump is connected with a first walking motor and a second walking motor of the walking part, and the gear pump is also connected with a rear steering oil cylinder, a left steering oil cylinder and a right steering oil cylinder of the walking part.
Optionally, the gear pump is connected with the working part, the rear steering cylinder, the left steering cylinder and the right steering cylinder through priority valves, the priority valves are connected with the working part through proportional solenoid valves, the priority valves are connected with the rear steering cylinder, the left steering cylinder and the right steering cylinder through proportional solenoid valves, the priority valves are also connected with the rear steering cylinder, the left steering cylinder and the right steering cylinder through a steering gear, and the priority valves, the proportional solenoid valves and the steering gear are all provided with oil return ports and are connected to the oil tank.
Optionally, the priority valve and the steering gear are both load sensing type, and the first traveling motor and the second traveling motor are both double-speed hydraulic motors.
Optionally, the left steering cylinder and the right steering cylinder are connected in series and are connected to the steering gear with the rear steering cylinder through a two-position six-way valve, the proportional electromagnetic valve is connected to an oil inlet and an oil return port of the two-position six-way valve, the left steering cylinder or the right steering cylinder is connected in parallel with a steering adjustment valve, and when the steering adjustment valve is switched to be in a communication state, the left steering cylinder or the right steering cylinder is short-circuited.
Optionally, the plunger pump passes through the motor direction switching valve and connects first walking motor with the second walking motor, be equipped with the brake piston on first walking motor with the second walking motor, the brake piston is connected to pressure control circuit through walking brake switching valve, the plunger pump is the closed plunger pump, first walking motor with the second walking motor still is connected with high low speed switching valve, high low speed switching valve also is connected to pressure control circuit, be equipped with pressure control valves in the pressure control circuit.
Optionally, the travel brake switching valve and an oil return port of the high-low speed switching valve are connected to the oil tank, and the type or specification of the first travel motor and the type or specification of the second travel motor are the same or different.
Optionally, the plunger pump is connected with a left overflow valve and a right overflow valve, a hydraulic oil output port of the plunger pump is connected to a flushing valve, and an oil return port of the flushing valve is connected to the oil tank.
Optionally, the plunger pump is integrated with a supplementary oil pump, an oil suction port of the supplementary oil pump and an oil suction port of the gear pump are both connected to the oil tank, and the gear pump and the plunger pump are driven by the same motor.
Optionally, the walking part only includes the first walking motor or the second walking motor, or the walking part further includes a third walking motor, and the third walking motor is also connected with the plunger pump.
The application also provides a four-way forklift, which comprises wheels and the hydraulic system, wherein the first walking motor and/or the second walking motor of the hydraulic system are/is arranged on the wheels.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The novel power and transmission system scheme is provided, the whole vehicle is driven by a pump and a hydraulic motor, energy transmission is realized through hydraulic transmission, the oil supplementing pump, the gear pump and the plunger pump are driven by motors, the novel power and transmission system scheme is silent and environment-friendly, a power source and a driving part can be arranged in a separated mode, the whole forklift is more free and flexible in whole vehicle layout, the hydraulic driving energy density is high, and the novel power and transmission system has a smaller volume and larger load;
(2) The power part plunger pump in the hydraulic system is integrated with an overflow valve, so that the walking part is not damaged due to the pressure of the system; the oil supplementing pump is matched with a flushing valve to flush and cool the system; the plunger pump is matched with a double-speed motor, and is switched at high and low speed through the electromagnetic valve, so that different working conditions are met, and the working efficiency is improved; the motor is self-adaptive by pressure, and the rotating speeds of different wheel diameters are automatically adjusted by the motor, so that the running stability of the whole vehicle is ensured;
(3) The priority valve and the steering gear are both load sensing type, so that sufficient oil supply can be ensured no matter how the load and the rotating speed of the steering wheel change, and the steering is stable and reliable;
(4) The front wheel steering mechanism of the forklift uses the left steering oil cylinder and the right steering oil cylinder to carry out series connection, so that the steering synchronization of the front wheels is ensured, meanwhile, a two-position two-way valve is additionally arranged in the middle of the series oil cylinders and used as a steering adjusting valve, and a certain wheel in the front wheels can be independently adjusted, so that the front wheel deviation caused by accumulation of hydraulic internal leakage is prevented, and the abrasion and the running position deviation of the forklift are caused by the mismatch of the positions of the front wheels.
(5) The static pressure system has high energy density, small volume and high power; one plunger pump corresponds one to three hydraulic motors, and motor rotational speed carries out self-adaptation according to pressure and adjusts, and the control degree of difficulty reduces.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals: 1. a plunger pump; 2. a make-up pump; 3. a left overflow valve; 4. a right overflow valve; 5. a flush valve; 6. a first travel motor; 7. a motor direction switching valve; 8. a high-low speed switching valve; 9. a travel brake switching valve; 10. a right steering cylinder; 11. a steering adjustment valve; 12. a left steering cylinder; 13. two-position six-way valve; 14. a rear steering cylinder; 15. a proportional solenoid valve; 16. a telescopic oil cylinder; 17. tilting the oil cylinder; 18. lifting oil cylinders; 19. a diverter; 20. a priority valve; 21. an oil tank; 22. a gear pump; 23. and a second traveling motor.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the application.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, integrally connected, or detachably connected; can be mechanical connection or electric connection, or can be communication between two elements; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and the specific meaning of the above terms will be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The hydraulic system shown in fig. 1 comprises an oil tank 21, a power part, a working part, a control part and a walking part, wherein the oil tank 21 is an open type oil tank, the power part is respectively connected with the working part and the walking part through hydraulic hoses by the control part, the power part comprises a gear pump 22 and a plunger pump 1, the gear pump 22 and the plunger pump 1 are duplex pumps and are driven by motors for reducing the number of motors and improving the driving efficiency, the plunger pump 1 is integrated with a supplementary oil pump 2, an oil suction port of the supplementary oil pump 2 and an oil suction port of the gear pump 22 are connected to the oil tank 21, the gear pump 22 and the plunger pump 1 are driven by the same motor, and the motor can be a submersible motor, and the gear pump 22, the plunger pump 1 and the motor can be arranged in the oil tank 21; the gear pump 22 is connected with a working part, the walking part comprises a first walking motor 6, a second walking motor 23, a rear steering cylinder 14, a left steering cylinder 12 and a right steering cylinder 10, the first walking motor 6 and the second walking motor 23 are used for driving wheels of the four-way forklift to rotate, and the rear steering cylinder 14, the left steering cylinder 12 and the right steering cylinder 10 are respectively used for driving two front wheels and one rear wheel of the four-way forklift to steer; the working part comprises two lifting oil cylinders 18, two inclined oil cylinders 17 and two telescopic oil cylinders 16, the plunger pump 1 is connected with a first walking motor 6 and a second walking motor 23 of the walking part, and the gear pump 22 is also connected with a rear steering oil cylinder 14, a left steering oil cylinder 12 and a right steering oil cylinder 10 of the walking part. The gear pump 22 connects the working portion, the rear steering cylinder 14, the left steering cylinder 12 and the right steering cylinder 10 through the priority valve 20, the priority valve 20 connects the working portion through the proportional solenoid valve 15, the priority valve 20 connects the rear steering cylinder 14, the left steering cylinder 12 and the right steering cylinder 10 through the proportional solenoid valve 15, the priority valve 20 also connects the rear steering cylinder 14, the left steering cylinder 12 and the right steering cylinder 10 through the steering gear 19, and the priority valve 20, the proportional solenoid valve 15 and the steering gear 19 are all provided with an oil return port and are connected to the oil tank 21.
The priority valve and the steering gear are both load sensing type, the oil supply pressure can be adjusted according to load change to ensure stable and reliable steering, the first traveling motor and the second traveling motor are both double-speed hydraulic motors, high-speed and low-speed switching can be realized, different traveling speeds in different scenes can be provided, and the speed can be increased or decreased.
The left steering cylinder and the right steering cylinder are connected in series and are connected to the steering gear through a two-position six-way valve with the rear steering cylinder, the proportional electromagnetic valve is connected to an oil inlet and an oil return port of the two-position six-way valve, the left steering cylinder or the right steering cylinder is connected in parallel with the steering adjustment valve, when the steering adjustment valve is switched to be in a communicating state, hydraulic oil directly flows through the steering adjustment valve and does not flow through the left steering cylinder or the right steering cylinder any more due to large pressure difference on a flow path, namely, the left steering cylinder or the right steering cylinder is short-circuited, and the steering adjustment valve adopts a two-position two-way valve or an electromagnetic on-off valve.
The plunger pump is connected with a first walking motor and a second walking motor through motor direction switching valves, brake pistons are arranged on the first walking motor and the second walking motor, the brake pistons are connected to a pressure control loop through walking brake switching valves, the plunger pump is a closed plunger pump, the first walking motor and the second walking motor are also connected with high-low speed switching valves, the high-low speed switching valves are also connected to the pressure control loop, and a pressure control valve group is arranged in the pressure control loop. The brake switching valve and the high-low speed switching valve are two-position three-way valves; the pressure control valve group is connected to the plunger pump, and the pressure control loop is also connected with the left overflow valve and the right overflow valve.
The oil return port of walking braking switching valve and high low speed switching valve is connected to the oil tank, and type or specification of first walking motor is the same or different with type or specification of second walking motor, and the hydraulic motor of different specifications is selected according to the wheel size and is matees, and hydraulic motor has all been adopted to first walking motor and second walking motor, has saved fork truck's chassis space, is convenient for arrange the portal, helps reducing fork truck overall dimension, improves the field utilization ratio.
The plunger pump is connected with a left overflow valve and a right overflow valve, a hydraulic oil output port of the plunger pump is connected to the flushing valve, and an oil return port of the flushing valve is connected to the oil tank.
In other embodiments, depending on the carrying capacity and driving force requirements of the forklift, the travelling section may comprise only the first travelling motor or the second travelling motor, or the travelling section may further comprise a third travelling motor, which is also connected to the plunger pump.
The embodiment of the application also provides a four-way forklift, which comprises wheels and the hydraulic system, wherein the first walking motor and/or the second walking motor of the hydraulic system are/is arranged on the wheels. If the forklift is a four-way forward forklift, the wheels comprise two front wheels and one rear wheel, and the first travelling motor can be arranged on the rear wheel only according to the design carrying capacity of the forklift; or the first walking motor and the second walking motor are respectively arranged on the two front wheels, and the third walking motor is arranged on the rear wheel, so that larger carrying capacity is provided.
It will be understood that the application has been described in terms of several embodiments, and that various changes and equivalents may be made to these features and embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the application without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the application not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the application will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The hydraulic system is characterized by comprising an oil tank, a power part, a working part, a control part and a walking part, wherein the power part is respectively connected with the working part and the walking part through the control part, the power part comprises a gear pump and a plunger pump, the gear pump is connected with the working part, and the walking part comprises a first walking motor, a second walking motor, a rear steering cylinder, a left steering cylinder and a right steering cylinder; the working part comprises a lifting oil cylinder, an inclined oil cylinder and a telescopic oil cylinder, the plunger pump is connected with a first walking motor and a second walking motor of the walking part, and the gear pump is also connected with a rear steering oil cylinder, a left steering oil cylinder and a right steering oil cylinder of the walking part;
the gear pump is connected with the working part, the rear steering cylinder, the left steering cylinder and the right steering cylinder through priority valves, the priority valves are connected with the working part through proportional electromagnetic valves, the priority valves are connected with the rear steering cylinder, the left steering cylinder and the right steering cylinder through the proportional electromagnetic valves, and the priority valves are also connected with the rear steering cylinder, the left steering cylinder and the right steering cylinder through steering gears; the priority valve and the steering gear are both load sensing type;
the left steering cylinder and the right steering cylinder are connected in series and are connected to the steering gear with the rear steering cylinder through a two-position six-way valve, the left steering cylinder or the right steering cylinder is connected in parallel with a steering adjustment valve, and when the steering adjustment valve is switched to be in a communication state, the left steering cylinder or the right steering cylinder is short-circuited.
2. The hydraulic system of claim 1, wherein the priority valve, proportional solenoid valve, and diverter are each provided with an oil return port and are connected to the oil tank.
3. The hydraulic system of claim 2, the first and second travel motors each being two-speed hydraulic motors.
4. The hydraulic system of claim 3, the proportional solenoid valve connected to an oil inlet and an oil return of the two-position six-way valve.
5. The hydraulic system according to claim 4, wherein the plunger pump is connected to the first traveling motor and the second traveling motor through motor direction switching valves, brake pistons are arranged on the first traveling motor and the second traveling motor, the brake pistons are connected to a pressure control loop through traveling brake switching valves, the plunger pump is a closed plunger pump, the first traveling motor and the second traveling motor are also connected with high-low speed switching valves, the high-low speed switching valves are also connected to the pressure control loop, and a pressure control valve group is arranged in the pressure control loop.
6. The hydraulic system according to claim 5, wherein an oil return port of the travel brake switching valve and the high-low speed switching valve is connected to the oil tank, and a type or a specification of the first travel motor and a type or a specification of the second travel motor are the same or different.
7. The hydraulic system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the plunger pump is connected with a left relief valve and a right relief valve, a hydraulic oil output port of the plunger pump is connected to a flushing valve, and a return port of the flushing valve is connected to the tank.
8. The hydraulic system of claim 7, the plunger pump being integrated with a supplemental pump, an oil suction port of the supplemental pump and an oil suction port of the gear pump both being connected to the oil tank, the gear pump and the plunger pump being driven by the same motor.
9. The hydraulic system of claim 8, the travel section comprising only the first travel motor or the second travel motor, or the travel section further comprising a third travel motor also connected to the plunger pump.
10. A four-way forklift truck, characterized by comprising wheels and a hydraulic system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, on which wheels a first travel motor and/or a second travel motor of the hydraulic system are mounted.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211377916.XA CN115681232B (en) | 2022-11-04 | 2022-11-04 | Hydraulic system and four-way forklift with same |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211377916.XA CN115681232B (en) | 2022-11-04 | 2022-11-04 | Hydraulic system and four-way forklift with same |
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| CN115681232A CN115681232A (en) | 2023-02-03 |
| CN115681232B true CN115681232B (en) | 2023-09-01 |
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| CN115681232A (en) | 2023-02-03 |
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