CN115679477A - Sheath-core composite fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 101000623895 Bos taurus Mucin-15 Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 96
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010044 bi-component spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sheath-core composite fiber and a preparation method thereof, wherein the sheath-core composite fiber is an inflatable hollow fiber and comprises a component I, a component II and a component III; the component I is a skin layer, the component II and the component III are core layers, and the component II and the component III are positioned on the inner side of the component I; the section of the second component is crescent, the third component is gas to form a hollow structure, and the third component is positioned between the first component and the second component; the second component and the third component are both eccentrically arranged. According to the sheath-core composite fiber and the preparation method thereof, the third component (namely the hollow structure) is added between the first component and the second component, so that the asymmetry of the fiber with the sheath-core structure can be increased, the stress borne by the fiber is not uniform, the sheath-core composite fiber has good curling elasticity, the fiber skin breaking condition is avoided, the comprehensive performance of the fiber is improved, the hollow characteristic of the fiber is combined, the heat preservation performance of the fiber is improved, and the sheath-core composite fiber can be widely applied to the field of clothing fiber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite fibers, and particularly relates to a sheath-core composite fiber and a preparation method thereof.
Background
A fiber product obtained by melt spinning two or more components is called a composite fiber, and when the adopted cross section is an asymmetric cross section such as parallel and eccentric sheath core, and the shrinkage rates of the components are different, the composite fiber can obtain a permanently stable crimped structure. Composite fibers have many advantages over monocomponent fibers, such as good loft, resiliency, and a wool-like hand.
The typical elastic composite fiber is T400 bicomponent composite fiber, which is obtained by a composite spinning process by utilizing different thermodynamic properties of PTT and PET. The two components have different shrinkage performances and are arranged in parallel, so that the composite fiber can form a three-dimensional curling effect under the action of internal stress after being subjected to heat treatment or drafting, and the three-dimensional spiral curling structure provides the fiber with larger elongation and higher elastic recovery rate, so that the composite fiber has wide application in the fields of clothing, non-woven fabrics and the like.
However, the side-by-side composite fiber requires good compatibility of the two components, and the processing temperatures of the two components are close to each other, so that the diversification of the component types is limited. Meanwhile, the basic physical properties of the two components of the parallel composite fiber are different, so that the requirements on subsequent weaving and dyeing and finishing are different, and the condition that the color and the performance of the fabric formed by the difference of the dyeing and finishing processes are uneven is easily caused.
Skin core conjugate fiber top layer is single component, the later weaving dyeing and finishing technology only need consider the requirement of top layer component can, however in order to make the fibre have good elasticity, then need the fibre in the sandwich layer have enough eccentricity, and the eccentricity is higher, the elasticity effect is better, but the improvement of eccentricity can lead to conjugate fiber the broken skin phenomenon to appear, sandwich layer component leaks the fibre surface promptly, can influence the spinning shaping when serious.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a sheath-core composite fiber and a preparation method thereof aiming at the defects of the prior art, the sheath-core composite fiber and the preparation method thereof can increase asymmetry of the fiber with the sheath-core structure by adding a hollow structure between two components, so that the stress borne by the fiber is not uniform, the sheath-core composite fiber has good curling elasticity, the condition of fiber skin breaking is avoided, the comprehensive performance of the fiber is improved, and the heat preservation performance of the fiber is improved by combining the hollow characteristic of the fiber.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a sheath-core composite fiber is an inflatable hollow fiber and comprises a component I, a component II and a component III; the component I is a skin layer, the component II and the component III are core layers, and the component II and the component III are positioned on the inner side of the component I; the section of the component II is crescent, the component III is gas to form a hollow structure, and the component III is positioned between the component I and the component II; the second component and the third component are both eccentrically arranged. Through the structural design, the sheath-core composite fiber with excellent elasticity can be obtained, and meanwhile, the heat-insulating property of the fiber is improved by combining the hollow characteristic of the fiber.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the component I is one of PET, PTT and PBT, the component II is one of PET, PTT and PBT, and the component I and the component II are made of different materials so as to provide a shrinkage stress difference and enable the fiber to have crimping performance.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the component III is one of nitrogen and argon.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, in the sheath-core composite fiber, the eccentricity of the component II is 0-50%, and the hollow eccentricity is 40-90%.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts another technical scheme as follows:
a method for preparing sheath-core composite fiber comprises the steps of respectively introducing a spinning solution of a component I, a spinning solution of a component II and a gas of a component III into a three-component spinning machine, spinning through a sheath-core composite spinning assembly, then blowing, cooling, oiling, winding, falling into a yarn storage barrel for balancing, stretching and winding into a barrel to obtain the sheath-core composite fiber with a hollow structure.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the ratio of the component I to the component II is 20: 80-80: 20, and the hollowness is 30-60%.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the component I is one of PET, PTT and PBT, the component II is one of PET, PTT and PBT, and the component I and the component II are made of different materials to provide a shrinkage stress difference, so that the fiber has a crimping property; when spinning, the spinning temperature corresponding to PTT is 240-270 ℃, the spinning temperature corresponding to PET is 270-295 ℃, the spinning temperature corresponding to PBT is 240-270 ℃, the side blowing temperature is 15-25 ℃, the wind speed is 0.3-0.7 m/s, and the spinning speed is 2800-5500m/min.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the component III is one of nitrogen and argon; during spinning, the temperature of the third component is consistent with the spinning temperature of the second component, the wind pressure of the third component is 0.05-0.3Mpa, the wind speed can be matched with the spinning speed by providing certain wind pressure, and meanwhile, the shape of the core layer component is supported.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the strength of the obtained sheath-core composite fiber is 2.5-4.5cN/dtex, the crimp rate is 40-70%, and the elastic recovery rate is 95-99%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the fundamental principle of elasticity of composite fibers is that there is a difference in the shrinkage stresses between the two components, resulting in a difference in the shrinkage stresses across the plane of the composite fiber, thereby causing the fiber to curl. According to the invention, the hollow structure is added between the first component and the second component, namely the third component belonging to gas is added between the first component and the second component, so that the asymmetry of the skin-core structure fiber is increased, the stress borne by the fiber is not uniform, the skin-core structure composite fiber (namely, the skin-core composite fiber) has good curling elasticity, meanwhile, the hollow structure is added between the first component and the second component, the asymmetry is increased, the eccentricity of the second component is not required to be designed to be too high (the eccentricity of the second component is only 0-50%), the skin-core composite fiber with excellent elasticity can be obtained, the conditions that the fiber is broken and the second component leaks to the surface of the fiber are avoided, and the comprehensive performance of the fiber is improved.
According to the invention, the hollow structure is added between the two components, so that the sheath-core composite fiber with excellent elasticity can be obtained, and meanwhile, the hollow characteristic of the fiber is combined, so that the heat-insulating property of the fiber is improved, and the fiber is endowed with higher added value.
The component I and the component II adopt different materials to provide the shrinkage stress difference, so that the sheath-core composite fiber has the crimping performance.
The temperature of the third component is consistent with the spinning temperature of the second component, the third component has certain wind pressure to generate wind speed, and the wind speed is matched with the spinning speed and simultaneously plays a role in supporting the shape of the core layer component.
In conclusion, the invention solves the defect of poor curling elasticity of the composite fiber with the sheath-core structure, the surface layer of the invention is a single component, the problem that the post-treatment process of the fiber is difficult to match due to the difference of the two components of the parallel composite fiber is solved, and the comprehensive performance of the fiber is improved. The strength of the sheath-core composite fiber obtained by the invention is 2.5-4.5cN/dtex, the crimp rate is 40-70%, and the elastic recovery rate is 95-99%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a sheath-core composite fiber according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further description of embodiments of the invention is made with reference to the accompanying drawings:
example 1:
a sheath-core type composite fiber is an inflatable hollow fiber, and comprises a component I1, a component II 2 and a component III 3 as shown in figure 1; the component I1 is a skin layer, the component II and the component III 3 are core layers, and the component II 2 and the component III 3 are positioned on the inner side of the component I1; the section of the second component 2 is crescent, the third component 3 is gas to form a hollow structure, and the third component 3 is positioned between the first component 1 and the second component 2; the component two 2 and the component three 3 are both eccentrically arranged.
The preparation method of the sheath-core composite fiber comprises the following steps: respectively introducing the spinning solution of the component I1, the spinning solution of the component II 2 and the gas of the component III 3 into a three-component spinning machine (two components are melt channels, and one component is a gas channel), extruding through a core-type composite spinning assembly, and then blowing, cooling, oiling, winding, falling into a yarn storage barrel for balancing, stretching, winding into a barrel and the like to obtain the core-sheath composite fiber with a hollow structure.
The proportion of the first component 1 to the second component 2 is 30 percent; the eccentricity of the component II 2 is 0%, and the hollow eccentricity is 50%; the component I1 is PTT, the component II 2 is PET, and the component III 3 is nitrogen.
During melt spinning, the corresponding spinning temperature of PTT is 240 ℃, the corresponding spinning temperature of PET is 295 ℃, the side blowing temperature is 18 ℃, the wind speed is 0.5m/s, and the spinning speed is 3300m/min; the temperature of the nitrogen is consistent with the spinning temperature of the PET, and the air pressure of the nitrogen is 0.06Mpa; finally obtaining the sheath-core composite fiber.
Example 2:
a sheath-core type composite fiber is an inflatable hollow fiber, and comprises a first component 1, a second component 2 and a third component 3 as shown in figure 1; the component I1 is a skin layer, the component II 2 and the component III 3 are core layers, and the component II 2 and the component III 3 are positioned on the inner side of the component I1; the section of the second component 2 is crescent, the third component 3 is gas to form a hollow structure, and the third component 3 is positioned between the first component 1 and the second component 2; the component two 2 and the component three 3 are eccentrically arranged.
The preparation method of the sheath-core composite fiber comprises the following steps: respectively introducing the spinning solution of the component I1, the spinning solution of the component II 2 and the gas of the component III 3 into a three-component spinning machine (wherein two components are melt channels, and one component is a gas channel), extruding through a core-type composite spinning assembly, and then blowing, cooling, oiling, winding, falling into a yarn storage barrel for balancing, stretching, winding into a barrel and the like to obtain the core-sheath composite fiber with a hollow structure.
The proportion of the first component 1 to the second component 2 is 70 percent; the eccentricity of the component II 2 is 20 percent, and the hollow eccentricity is 55 percent; the component I1 is PET, the component II 2 is PBT, and the component III 3 is argon.
During melt spinning, the corresponding spinning temperature of PET is 281 ℃, the corresponding spinning temperature of PBT is 261 ℃, the temperature of cross air blowing is 20 ℃, the air speed is 0.5m/s, and the spinning speed is 4000m/min; the temperature of the argon is consistent with the spinning temperature of the PBT, and the air pressure of the argon is 0.08MPa; finally obtaining the sheath-core composite fiber.
Example 3:
a sheath-core type composite fiber is an inflatable hollow fiber, and comprises a first component 1, a second component 2 and a third component 3 as shown in figure 1; the component I1 is a skin layer, the component II 2 and the component III 3 are core layers, and the component II 2 and the component III 3 are positioned on the inner side of the component I1; the section of the second component 2 is crescent, the third component 3 is gas to form a hollow structure, and the third component 3 is positioned between the first component 1 and the second component 2; the component two 2 and the component three 3 are both eccentrically arranged.
The preparation method of the sheath-core composite fiber comprises the following steps: respectively introducing the spinning solution of the component I1, the spinning solution of the component II 2 and the gas of the component III 3 into a three-component spinning machine (wherein two components are melt channels, and one component is a gas channel), extruding through a core-type composite spinning assembly, and then blowing, cooling, oiling, winding, falling into a yarn storage barrel for balancing, stretching, winding into a barrel and the like to obtain the core-sheath composite fiber with a hollow structure.
The ratio of component one 1 to component two 2 is 50:50, the hollowness is 60 percent; the eccentricity of the component II 2 is 0 percent, and the hollow eccentricity is 60 percent; the component I1 is PBT, the component II 2 is PTT, and the component III 3 is argon.
During melt spinning, the spinning temperature corresponding to PBT is 258 ℃, the spinning temperature corresponding to PTT is 251 ℃, the side blowing temperature is 22 ℃, the wind speed is 0.5m/s, and the spinning speed is 3800m/min; the temperature of the argon is consistent with the spinning temperature of the PTT, and the air pressure of the argon is 0.07Mpa; finally obtaining the sheath-core composite fiber.
Example 4:
a sheath-core type composite fiber is an inflatable hollow fiber, and comprises a component I1, a component II 2 and a component III 3 as shown in figure 1; the component I1 is a skin layer, the component II 2 and the component III 3 are core layers, and the component II 2 and the component III 3 are positioned on the inner side of the component I1; the section of the second component 2 is crescent, the third component 3 is gas to form a hollow structure, and the third component 3 is positioned between the first component 1 and the second component 2; the component two 2 and the component three 3 are eccentrically arranged.
The preparation method of the sheath-core composite fiber comprises the following steps: respectively introducing the spinning solution of the component I1, the spinning solution of the component II 2 and the gas of the component III 3 into a three-component spinning machine (wherein two components are melt channels, and one component is a gas channel), extruding through a core-type composite spinning assembly, and then blowing, cooling, oiling, winding, falling into a yarn storage barrel for balancing, stretching, winding into a barrel and the like to obtain the core-sheath composite fiber with a hollow structure.
The proportion of the first component 1 to the second component 2 is 40 percent, and the hollowness is 55 percent; the eccentricity of the component II 2 is 30 percent, and the hollow eccentricity is 58 percent; the component I1 is PET, the component II 2 is PBT, and the component III 3 is nitrogen.
During melt spinning, the corresponding spinning temperature of PET is 281 ℃, the corresponding spinning temperature of PBT is 262 ℃, the side blowing temperature is 19 ℃, the wind speed is 0.7m/s, and the spinning speed is 4200m/min; the temperature of nitrogen is consistent with the spinning temperature of PBT, and the air pressure of nitrogen is 0.1Mpa; finally obtaining the sheath-core composite fiber.
Example 5:
a sheath-core type composite fiber is an inflatable hollow fiber, and comprises a component I1, a component II 2 and a component III 3 as shown in figure 1; the component I1 is a skin layer, the component II 2 and the component III 3 are core layers, and the component II 2 and the component III 3 are positioned on the inner side of the component I1; the section of the second component 2 is crescent, the third component 3 is gas to form a hollow structure, and the third component 3 is positioned between the first component 1 and the second component 2; the component two 2 and the component three 3 are both eccentrically arranged.
The preparation method of the sheath-core composite fiber comprises the following steps: respectively introducing the spinning solution of the component I1, the spinning solution of the component II 2 and the gas of the component III 3 into a three-component spinning machine (wherein two components are melt channels, and one component is a gas channel), extruding through a core-type composite spinning assembly, and then blowing, cooling, oiling, winding, falling into a yarn storage barrel for balancing, stretching, winding into a barrel and the like to obtain the core-sheath composite fiber with a hollow structure.
The proportion of the first component 1 to the second component 2 is 20 percent; the eccentricity of the component II 2 is 0 percent, and the hollow eccentricity is 40 percent; the component I1 is PET, the component II 2 is PBT, and the component III 3 is nitrogen.
During melt spinning, the spinning temperature corresponding to PET is 270 ℃, the spinning temperature corresponding to PBT is 240 ℃, the side blowing temperature is 15 ℃, the wind speed is 0.3m/s, and the spinning speed is 2800m/min; the temperature of nitrogen is consistent with the spinning temperature of PBT, and the air pressure of nitrogen is 0.05Mpa; finally obtaining the sheath-core composite fiber.
Example 6:
a sheath-core type composite fiber is an inflatable hollow fiber, and comprises a component I1, a component II 2 and a component III 3 as shown in figure 1; the component I1 is a skin layer, the component II 2 and the component III 3 are core layers, and the component II 2 and the component III 3 are positioned on the inner side of the component I1; the section of the second component 2 is crescent, the third component 3 is gas to form a hollow structure, and the third component 3 is positioned between the first component 1 and the second component 2; the component two 2 and the component three 3 are both eccentrically arranged.
The preparation method of the sheath-core composite fiber comprises the following steps: respectively introducing the spinning solution of the component I1, the spinning solution of the component II 2 and the gas of the component III 3 into a three-component spinning machine (two components are melt channels, and one component is a gas channel), extruding through a core-type composite spinning assembly, and then blowing, cooling, oiling, winding, falling into a yarn storage barrel for balancing, stretching, winding into a barrel and the like to obtain the core-sheath composite fiber with a hollow structure.
The proportion of the first component 1 to the second component 2 is 80 percent; the eccentricity of the component II 2 is 50%, and the hollow eccentricity is 90%; the component I1 is PTT, the component II 2 is PBT, and the component III 3 is argon.
During melt spinning, the spinning temperature corresponding to PTT is 270 ℃, the spinning temperature corresponding to PBT is 270 ℃, the side blowing temperature is 25 ℃, the wind speed is 0.7m/s, and the spinning speed is 5500m/min; the temperature of the argon is consistent with the spinning temperature of the PBT, and the air pressure of the argon is 0.3Mpa; finally obtaining the sheath-core composite fiber.
Comparative example 1:
the sheath-core type composite fiber of comparative example 1 is different from that of example 1 in structure in that a hollow design of component three 3 is not employed, i.e., the sheath-core type composite fiber of comparative example 1 includes component one 1 and component two 2, and component two 2 is located inside component one 1.
The preparation method of the sheath-core composite fiber in comparative example 1 was:
introducing the spinning solution of the component I1 and the spinning solution of the component II 2 into a bi-component spinning machine, wherein the two components are melt channels, and extruding the two components into a sheath-core composite spinning component to form composite fibers;
wherein the proportion of the first component 1 to the second component 2 is 30:70. the eccentricity of the component two 2 is 0 percent; the component I1 is PTT, and the component II 2 is PET.
During melt spinning, the corresponding spinning temperature of PTT is 240 ℃, the corresponding spinning temperature of PET is 295 ℃, the side blowing temperature is 18 ℃, the wind speed is 0.5m/s, and the spinning speed is 3300m/min; finally obtaining the sheath-core composite fiber.
Comparative example 2:
the core-sheath composite fiber of comparative example 2 is different from example 4 in structure in that a hollow design of component three 3 is not employed, i.e., the core-sheath composite fiber of comparative example 2 includes component one 1 and component two 2, and component two 2 is located inside component one 1.
The preparation method of the sheath-core composite fiber in comparative example 2 was:
introducing the spinning solution of the component I1 and the spinning solution of the component II 2 into a bi-component spinning machine, wherein the two components are melt channels, and extruding the two components into a sheath-core composite spinning component to form composite fibers;
wherein the ratio of the component I1 to the component II 2 is 40:60. the eccentricity of the component two 2 is 30 percent; the component I1 is PET, and the component II 2 is PBT.
During melt spinning, the corresponding spinning temperature of PET is 281 ℃, the corresponding spinning temperature of PBT is 262 ℃, the side blowing temperature is 19 ℃, the wind speed is 0.7m/s, and the spinning speed is 4200m/min; finally obtaining the sheath-core composite fiber.
Comparative example 3:
the sheath-core type composite fiber of comparative example 3 is different from that of example 4 in structure in that a hollow design of component three 3 is not used and a high eccentricity is used, i.e., the sheath-core type composite fiber of comparative example 1 includes component one 1 and component two 2, and component two 2 is located inside component one 1.
The preparation method of the sheath-core composite fiber in comparative example 3 was:
introducing the spinning solution of the component I1 and the spinning solution of the component II 2 into a bi-component spinning machine, wherein the two components are melt channels, and extruding the two components into a sheath-core composite spinning component to form composite fibers;
wherein the ratio of the component I1 to the component II 2 is 40:60. the eccentricity of the component two 2 is 80 percent; the component I1 is PET, and the component II 2 is PBT.
During melt spinning, the corresponding spinning temperature of PET is 281 ℃, the corresponding spinning temperature of PBT is 262 ℃, the side blowing temperature is 19 ℃, the wind speed is 0.7m/s, and the spinning speed is 4200m/min; finally obtaining the sheath-core composite fiber.
Examples comparative data:
as can be seen from the data in examples 1 to 6, the sheath-core composite fiber provided by the present invention has excellent breaking strength, crimp rate, elastic recovery rate and thermal insulation property. It can be seen from comparison between example 1 and comparative example 1 that when the composite fiber does not adopt the hollow design of the third component, the composite fiber has no crimp property, poor elastic recovery rate and poor heat retention property, and when the composite fiber is added into the hollow structure, the fiber has stress difference due to asymmetry of the fiber structure, so that excellent crimp rate and elastic recovery rate are provided for the fiber, and excellent heat retention property is also provided.
As can be seen from comparison of example 4 with comparative example 2, the composite fiber sample containing the hollow design exhibits better crimp rate and elastic recovery rate at the same eccentricity, and has excellent heat retention property. It can be seen from comparison between example 4 and comparative example 3 that the crimp performance and elastic recovery rate of the composite fiber provided by the present invention can be approached by increasing the eccentricity, but the core layer has a high eccentricity, so that a sheath breaking phenomenon is likely to occur during the spinning process, i.e., the core layer component leaks to the fiber surface, which results in a low fiber yield and a low strength. The comparison shows that the sheath-core composite fiber and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention solve the problem that the elastic property and the mechanical property of the existing sheath-core composite fiber are incompatible, and simultaneously endow the fiber with excellent heat preservation property, thereby having remarkable creativity, innovation and practicability.
The scope of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the above embodiments, and the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and any alterations, modifications, and improvements that may occur to those skilled in the art are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A sheath-core type composite fiber is characterized in that: the sheath-core composite fiber is an inflatable hollow fiber and comprises a component I, a component II and a component III;
the component I is a skin layer, the component II and the component III are core layers, and the component II and the component III are positioned on the inner side of the component I;
the section of the component II is crescent, the component III is gas to form a hollow structure, and the component III is positioned between the component I and the component II; the second component and the third component are both eccentrically arranged.
2. The sheath-core composite fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: the component I is one of PET, PTT and PBT, the component II is one of PET, PTT and PBT, and the component I and the component II are made of different materials.
3. The sheath-core composite fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that: the third component is one of nitrogen and argon.
4. The sheath-core composite fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the sheath-core composite fiber, the eccentricity of the component two is 0-50%, and the eccentricity of the hollow is 40-90%.
5. A method for producing the sheath-core composite fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: respectively introducing the spinning solution of the first component, the spinning solution of the second component and the gas of the third component into a three-component spinning machine, spinning by a core-skin type composite spinning assembly, and then blowing, cooling, oiling, winding, falling into a yarn storage cylinder for balancing, stretching and winding into a cylinder to obtain the core-skin type composite fiber with a hollow structure.
6. The method for producing the sheath-core composite fiber according to claim 5, characterized in that: the proportion of the first component to the second component is 20: 80-80: 20 and the hollowness is 30-60 percent.
7. The method for producing the sheath-core composite fiber according to claim 5, characterized in that: the first component is one of PET, PTT and PBT, the second component is one of PET, PTT and PBT, and the first component and the second component are made of different materials;
during spinning, the corresponding spinning temperature of PTT is 240-270 ℃, the corresponding spinning temperature of PET is 270-295 ℃, the corresponding spinning temperature of PBT is 240-270 ℃, the temperature of cross air blowing is 15-25 ℃, the wind speed is 0.3-0.7 m/s, and the spinning speed is 2800-5500m/min.
8. The method for producing the sheath-core composite fiber according to claim 7, characterized in that: the third component is one of nitrogen and argon;
during spinning, the temperature of the third component is consistent with the spinning temperature of the second component, and the wind pressure of the third component is 0.05-0.3MPa.
9. The method for producing the sheath-core composite fiber according to claim 5, characterized in that: the strength of the obtained sheath-core composite fiber is 2.5-4.5cN/dtex, the crimp rate is 40-70%, and the elastic recovery rate is 95-99%.
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Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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