CN115677354A - Method for preparing nano PCBN composite sheet from nano CBN powder at high temperature and high pressure - Google Patents

Method for preparing nano PCBN composite sheet from nano CBN powder at high temperature and high pressure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115677354A
CN115677354A CN202211369751.1A CN202211369751A CN115677354A CN 115677354 A CN115677354 A CN 115677354A CN 202211369751 A CN202211369751 A CN 202211369751A CN 115677354 A CN115677354 A CN 115677354A
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powder
nano
boron nitride
cubic boron
composite sheet
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肖长江
马金明
栗正新
张群飞
汤黎辉
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Henan University of Technology
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Henan University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a nano PCBN composite sheet by nano CBN powder at high temperature and high pressure, belonging to the field of manufacturing of superhard materials. The main process is that nanometer cubic boron nitride powder is treated by acid and alkali, then nanometer alumina, nanometer titanium nitride and sintering aid are mixed with the nanometer cubic boron nitride powder according to a certain proportion, the mixture is put into a high-energy ball mill and mixed by a wet mixing method to obtain mixed raw materials, and then the mixed raw materials are treated at high temperature in vacuum for standby in order to remove impurities and steam adsorbed on the surface of the powder; plating a layer of titanium film on the hard alloy, assembling the hard alloy matrix with the surface covered by titanium and the mixed raw materials into a standard sample block, drying in vacuum, and putting into a cubic press for high-temperature high-pressure preparation to obtain the PCBN composite sheet. The PCBN composite sheet prepared by the invention has the advantages of high hardness, good toughness, good wear resistance and excellent high-temperature performance, the service life of the PCBN composite sheet is prolonged, the synthetic process is simple and controllable, the operation is easy, the production efficiency is high, and the industrial production can be met.

Description

Method for preparing nano PCBN composite sheet from nano CBN powder at high temperature and high pressure
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of superhard material manufacturing, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a nano PCBN composite sheet by nano CBN powder at high temperature and high pressure.
Background
The main hard components of modern cutter materials, such as high-speed steel, hard alloy and ceramic, are carbide, nitride and oxide. The hardness of these compounds is up to 3000HV, plus the overall hardness of the cementitious substance is below 2000 HV. For the processing of modern engineering materials, the hardness of the tool material is not applied in some cases, and then the superhard tool material is produced. Superhard cutter materials are mainly Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN) and diamond, and their hardness is several times higher than other cutter materials. The hardness of diamond is highest, which can reach 10000HV, and the hardness of CBN (8000-9000 HV) is second to diamond. The diamond cutter is only suitable for processing nonferrous metal materials and nonmetallic materials, and the high temperature resistance of the diamond cutter is poor; the CBN cutting tool is chemically inert to ferrous metals (metals containing iron group elements), is resistant to high temperature, is particularly suitable for cutting ferrous metals, and is also suitable for machining common hard and brittle materials.
However, cubic boron nitride single crystal is difficult to be made into a large-sized tool, and has anisotropy of single crystal, which is influenced by crystal cleavage mechanism, and some mechanical properties of CBN, such as hardness and wear resistance, have strong directionality, thereby limiting its industrial application. In order to meet the requirement of industrial processing, the cubic boron nitride composite material composite sheet is developed. The material is prepared by sintering cubic boron nitride micropowder with or without binder at high temperature and high pressure. The cubic boron nitride composite material sintered at high temperature and high pressure can make up the defects of single crystals in some aspects, and the size of the composite sheet is larger, so that the cubic boron nitride composite material has a very wide development space in industry.
The size of the cubic boron nitride grains directly affects the sintering strength and the breakage resistance of the PCBN compact. The cubic boron nitride particles with fine crystal grains can increase the interface area and improve the sintering strength and the crack expansion resistance of the PCBN composite sheet, and the smaller the size of the cubic boron nitride crystal grains is, the stronger the breakage resistance of the PCBN composite sheet is, and the better the cutting sharpness of the PCBN composite sheet is. The small-grain cubic boron nitride crystal grains can provide larger reaction specific surface area, thereby inducing transformation and crystal epitaxial growth to obtain the PCBN compact with a completely compact microstructure. The density and hardness of the material can be obviously improved by using the nanoscale CBN particles to prepare the PCBN, and the application of the PCBN composite sheet is widened.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: provides a method for preparing a nano PCBN composite sheet by using nano CBN powder at high temperature and high pressure.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted to realize the purpose:
the invention provides a nano PCBN (polycrystalline cubic boron nitride) composite sheet, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass at high temperature and high pressure:
40-90% of cubic boron nitride powder, 0-30% of nano alumina, 0-10% of nano titanium nitride and 1-10% of sintering aid;
the sintering aid is one or a mixture of more of Al powder, ti powder, co powder and Ni powder, and the particle size range of the metal powder is less than 1 mu m.
Preferably, the CBN particle size ranges < 1 μm.
Preferably, the particle size of the nano alumina powder is less than 50nm; the granularity of the nanometer titanium nitride powder is less than 100nm.
The preparation method of the PCBN cutter material comprises the following steps:
(1) treating cubic boron nitride powder: placing cubic boron nitride powder into a dilute hydrochloric acid solution with the mass fraction of 10-30% to boil for 10-50 min, then cleaning, placing the cubic boron nitride powder subjected to acid treatment into a NaOH solution with the mass fraction of 10-30% to boil for 10-50 min, cleaning, centrifugally separating the cubic boron nitride powder subjected to acid-base washing, washing with distilled water and then absolute ethyl alcohol, and then drying in vacuum for later use;
(2) mixing materials: putting the nano alumina, the nano titanium nitride and the sintering aid and the cubic boron nitride powder treated in the step (1) into a high-energy ball mill, mixing by adopting a wet mixing method, and performing vacuum drying treatment after wet mixing;
(3) vacuum high-temperature treatment: in order to remove impurities and steam adsorbed on the surface of the powder, the mixed material obtained in step (2) is mixed at 10 -1 -10 -3 Processing for 1-3h at 800-1000 ℃ under vacuum;
(4) treatment of the hard alloy substrate: plating a titanium film on the hard alloy with the surface of the # -shaped trench by using a magnetron sputtering coating instrument to obtain a hard alloy matrix with the surface covered by titanium;
(5) assembling standard blocks: assembling the mixed material obtained in the step (3) and the hard alloy matrix obtained in the step (4) into a standard sample block at 10 -1 -10 -3 Vacuum drying at 200-400 deg.C for 20-60 min;
(6) preparing at high temperature and high pressure: and (5) placing the standard sample block obtained in the step (5) into a cubic press for high-temperature high-pressure sintering to obtain the PCBN composite sheet.
Preferably, in the step (1) and the step (2), the vacuum drying temperature is 40-80 ℃, the drying time is 12-24h, and the vacuum degree is 10 -1 -10 -3
Preferably, in the step (2), the wet mixing liquid medium is acetone or absolute ethyl alcohol, and the ratio of the liquid medium: the total weight of the raw materials is as follows: the total weight of the grinding ball is 2:1:3, the grinding ball is made of hard alloy or agate;
preferably, in the step (2), the rotating speed of the ball mill is 200-400r/min, and the ball milling time is 3-8h;
preferably, in the step (4), the thickness of the titanium film plated on the hard alloy substrate is 0.5-2 μm;
preferably, in the step (6), the sintering process parameters are as follows: the sintering pressure is 5-8GPa, the sintering temperature is 1300-1800 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 5-30min.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
1. the PCBN prepared by the method has the advantages of high hardness, good toughness, good wear resistance and excellent high-temperature performance, and the service life of the PCBN composite sheet is prolonged.
2. The performance of the PCBN composite sheet can be adjusted by adjusting the granularity of the cubic boron nitride powder and the proportion of the cubic boron nitride powder to each binder component.
3. The synthesis process is simple and controllable, easy to operate and high in production efficiency, and can meet the requirement of industrial production.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to specific examples:
example 1:
the PCBN (polycrystalline cubic boron nitride) composite sheet is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass at high temperature and high pressure:
60% of cubic boron nitride powder, 30% of nano alumina and 10% of Ti powder; wherein the average particle size of the cubic boron nitride powder is 300nm, the average particle size of the Ti powder is 60nm, and the average particle size of the nano-alumina is 20nm.
The preparation method of the PCBN composite sheet comprises the following steps:
(1) treating cubic boron nitride powder: boiling cubic boron nitride powder in 30 wt% dilute hydrochloric acid solution for 30min, washing, boiling in 30 wt% NaOH solution for 20min, centrifuging, washing with distilled water, ethanol and 3.0 × 10% -3 Vacuum drying at 60 deg.C for 24 hr;
(2) mixing materials: ball milling is carried out on a high-energy ball mill, the liquid medium is absolute ethyl alcohol, and the liquid medium: the total weight of the raw materials is as follows: the total weight of the grinding ball is 2:1:3, the grinding ball is made of hard alloy, the rotating speed is 300r/min, and the ball milling time is 6 hours; at 3.0X 10 -3 Vacuum drying at 60 deg.C for 24 hr;
(3) vacuum high-temperature treatment: in order to remove impurities and steam adsorbed on the surface of the powder, the mixed material obtained in the step (2) is mixed at 3.0X 10 -3 Processing for 1h under vacuum at 900 ℃;
(4) treatment of the hard alloy substrate: plating a titanium film with the thickness of 1 mu m on the hard alloy of the ditch with the surface in the shape of a Chinese character 'tu' by using a magnetron sputtering coating instrument to obtain a hard alloy matrix with the surface covered by titanium;
(5) assembling standard blocks: assembling the mixed material obtained in the step (3) and the hard alloy matrix obtained in the step (4) into a standard sample block of 3.0 x 10 -3 Vacuum drying at 200 deg.C for 30min under vacuum;
(6) preparing at high temperature and high pressure: and (4) placing the standard sample block obtained in the step (5) into a cubic press to sinter the PCBN composite sheet at high temperature and high pressure, wherein the sintering pressure is 6GPa, the sintering temperature is 1500 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10min.
Example 2:
the PCBN (polycrystalline cubic boron nitride) composite sheet is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass at high temperature and high pressure:
60% of cubic boron nitride powder, 30% of nano aluminum oxide and 10% of Al powder and Co powder; wherein, al powder: the mass ratio of the Co powder is 1:1, the average particle size of cubic boron nitride powder is 500nm, the average particle size of Al powder is less than 1 mu m, the average particle size of Co powder is 400nm, and the average particle size of nano-alumina is 50nm.
The preparation method of the PCBN composite sheet comprises the following steps:
(1) treating cubic boron nitride powder: boiling cubic boron nitride powder in 30 wt% dilute hydrochloric acid solution for 20min, washing, boiling in 30 wt% NaOH solution for 30min, centrifuging, washing with distilled water, ethanol and 3.0 × 10% -3 Vacuum drying at 70 deg.C for 24 hr; (2) mixing materials: ball milling is carried out on a high-energy ball mill, the liquid medium is absolute ethyl alcohol, and the liquid medium: the total weight of the raw materials is as follows: the total weight of the grinding ball is 2:1:3, the grinding ball is made of hard alloy, the rotating speed is 300r/min, and the ball milling time is 5 hours; at 3.0X 10 -3 Vacuum drying at 70 deg.C for 24 hr;
(3) vacuum high-temperature treatment: to remove the adsorbed on the powder surfaceFlour impurities and steam, mixing the mixture obtained in step (2) at 3.0 × 10 -3 Processing for 2 hours at the temperature of 800 ℃ in vacuum;
(4) treatment of the hard alloy substrate: plating a titanium film with the thickness of 1.5 mu m on the hard alloy of the ditch with the surface in the shape of the Chinese character 'tu' by using a magnetron sputtering coating instrument to obtain a hard alloy matrix with the surface covered by titanium;
(5) assembling standard blocks: assembling the mixed material obtained in the step (3) and the hard alloy matrix obtained in the step (4) into a standard sample block of 3.0 x 10 -3 Vacuum drying at 300 deg.C for 30 min;
(6) preparing at high temperature and high pressure: and (4) placing the standard sample block obtained in the step (5) into a cubic press to sinter the PCBN composite sheet at high temperature and high pressure, wherein the sintering pressure is 5.5GPa, the sintering temperature is 1600 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 20min.
Example 3:
the PCBN (polycrystalline cubic boron nitride) composite sheet is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass at high temperature and high pressure:
70% of cubic boron nitride powder, 15% of nano aluminum oxide, 5% of nano titanium nitride, and 10% of Al powder and Co powder; wherein, al powder: the mass ratio of the Co powder is 1:1, cubic boron nitride powder consists of three particle sizes, wherein the average particle size is 50nm, 300nm and 800nm respectively, and the mass ratio of the three particles is 3:5:2. the average particle size of Al powder is less than 1 mu m, the average particle size of Co powder is 400nm, the average particle size of nano alumina is 20nm, and the average particle size of nano titanium nitride is 20nm.
The preparation method of the PCBN composite sheet comprises the following steps:
(1) treating cubic boron nitride powder: boiling cubic boron nitride powder in 30% dilute hydrochloric acid solution for 30min, washing, boiling in 30% NaOH solution for 30min, centrifuging, washing with distilled water, ethanol, and 3.0 × 10 -3 Vacuum drying at 80 deg.C for 15 hr;
(2) mixing materials: ball milling is carried out on a high-energy ball mill, the liquid medium is absolute ethyl alcohol, and the liquid medium: total weight of raw materials: the total weight of the grinding ball is 2:1:3, grinding balls are made of agates, the rotating speed is 200r/min, and the ball milling time is 8 hours; at 3.0X 10 -3 Vacuum drying at 80 deg.C for 15 hr;
(3) vacuum high-temperature treatment: in order to remove impurities and steam adsorbed on the surface of the powder, the mixed material obtained in the step (2) is mixed at 3.0X 10 -3 Processing for 2 hours at the temperature of 900 ℃ in vacuum;
(4) treatment of the hard alloy substrate: plating a titanium film with the thickness of 2 mu m on the hard alloy with the surface of the # -shaped trench by using a magnetron sputtering coating instrument to obtain a hard alloy matrix with the surface covered by titanium;
(5) assembling standard blocks: assembling the mixed material obtained in the step (3) and the hard alloy matrix obtained in the step (4) into a standard sample block of 3.0 x 10 -3 Vacuum drying at 400 deg.C for 30min under vacuum;
(6) preparing at high temperature and high pressure: and (6) placing the standard sample block obtained in the step (5) into a cubic press to sinter the PCBN composite sheet at high temperature and high pressure, wherein the sintering pressure is 6GPa, the sintering temperature is 1700 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 15min.

Claims (8)

1. A method for preparing a nano PCBN composite sheet by using nano CBN powder at high temperature and high pressure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. treating cubic boron nitride powder: placing cubic boron nitride powder into a dilute hydrochloric acid solution with the mass fraction of 10-30% to boil for 10-50 min and then clean, placing the cubic boron nitride powder subjected to acid treatment into a NaOH solution with the mass fraction of 10-30% to boil for 10-50 min and clean, centrifugally separating the cubic boron nitride powder subjected to acid-base washing, washing with distilled water and then absolute ethyl alcohol, and then drying in vacuum for later use;
B. mixing materials: placing the nano alumina, the nano titanium nitride, the sintering aid and the treated cubic boron nitride powder into a high-energy ball mill, mixing by adopting a wet mixing method, and performing vacuum drying treatment after wet mixing;
C. vacuum high-temperature treatment: in order to remove impurities and steam adsorbed on the surface of the powder, the mixed material obtained in step (2) is mixed at 10 -1 -10 -3 Processing for 1-3h at 800-1000 ℃ under vacuum;
D. treatment of the hard alloy substrate: plating a titanium film on the hard alloy with the surface of the # -shaped trench by using a magnetron sputtering coating instrument to obtain a hard alloy matrix with the surface covered by titanium;
E. assembling standard blocks: assembling the mixed material obtained in the step (3) and the hard alloy matrix obtained in the step (4) into a standard sample block at 10 -1 -10 -3 Vacuum drying at 200-400 deg.C for 20-60 min;
F. preparing at high temperature and high pressure: and (5) placing the standard sample block obtained in the step (5) into a cubic press for high-temperature high-pressure sintering to obtain the PCBN composite sheet.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the CBN particle size range is < 1 μm.
3. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: 40-90% of cubic boron nitride powder, 0-30% of nano aluminum oxide, 0-10% of nano titanium nitride and 1-10% of sintering aid, wherein the sintering aid is one or a mixture of Al powder, ti powder, co powder and Ni powder, the particle size is less than 1 mu m, the particle size of the nano aluminum oxide powder is less than 50nm, and the particle size of the nano titanium nitride powder is less than 100nm.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the cubic boron nitride powder can be a single path or two to three mixed particle sizes.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: vacuum drying at 40-80 deg.C for 12-24 hr under vacuum degree of 10 -1 -10 -3
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the wet mixing liquid medium is acetone or absolute ethyl alcohol, and the liquid medium: the total weight of the raw materials is as follows: the total weight of the grinding ball is 2:1:3, the grinding ball is made of hard alloy or agate; the rotating speed of the ball mill is 200-400r/min, and the ball milling time is 3-8h.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the thickness of the titanium film plated on the hard alloy substrate is 0.5-2 μm.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the sintering process parameters are as follows: the sintering pressure is 5-8GPa, the sintering temperature is 1300-1800 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 5-30min.
CN202211369751.1A 2022-11-04 2022-11-04 Method for preparing nano PCBN composite sheet from nano CBN powder at high temperature and high pressure Pending CN115677354A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN111635234A (en) * 2020-06-10 2020-09-08 中国有色桂林矿产地质研究院有限公司 Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite sheet and preparation method and application thereof
CN113941708A (en) * 2021-10-12 2022-01-18 桂林理工大学 Preparation method for enhancing interface bonding capability of PcBN composite sheet
CN114351026A (en) * 2022-01-12 2022-04-15 富耐克超硬材料股份有限公司 Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite material

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107098704A (en) * 2017-05-08 2017-08-29 中原工学院 A kind of preparation method of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride sintered material
CN111635234A (en) * 2020-06-10 2020-09-08 中国有色桂林矿产地质研究院有限公司 Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite sheet and preparation method and application thereof
CN113941708A (en) * 2021-10-12 2022-01-18 桂林理工大学 Preparation method for enhancing interface bonding capability of PcBN composite sheet
CN114351026A (en) * 2022-01-12 2022-04-15 富耐克超硬材料股份有限公司 Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite material

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