CN115675183A

CN115675183A - Electric control structure based on power battery pack and cooling system thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115675183A
Application number: CN202110856707.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 江涛
Original assignee: Chery and Wanda Guizhou Bus Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chery and Wanda Guizhou Bus Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-28
Filing date: 2021-07-28
Publication date: 2023-02-03

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrical control structure based on a power battery pack and a cooling system thereof, wherein the electrical control structure comprises a battery module group, a positive electrode circuit of the battery module group is connected with a current sensor and a main positive relay, a main negative electrode circuit is connected with a negative relay, the main positive relay and the main negative relay are respectively and electrically connected with a high-voltage interface and a charging interface of a whole vehicle, the current sensor, the main positive relay and the main negative relay are electrically connected with a low-voltage interface of the whole vehicle through a BMS chip, and the BMS chip is connected with a whole vehicle controller through a communication interface; wherein, battery module group, BMS chip, current sensor, main positive relay, main negative relay, pre-charge relay and pre-charge resistance install on the plane board of liquid cold plate, constitute power battery package, liquid cold plate exit linkage hydraulic pump, hydraulic pump connection heat exchanger import, heat exchanger exit linkage liquid cold plate import, form cooling system. The invention has more uniform heat dissipation mode and is greatly helpful for enhancing the stability of the power battery system and prolonging the service life.

Description

Electric control structure based on power battery pack and cooling system thereof

Technical Field

The power battery system is not only an important energy source of the hybrid electric vehicle, but also the only energy source of the pure electric vehicle. As a high-energy carrier, the safety, stability and reliability of a power battery system largely determine the overall working performance of a hybrid electric vehicle or a pure electric vehicle. As a core component of a new energy automobile, a power battery system also becomes one of key competitive elements of the new energy automobile in the production and sale processes.

The accumulation of heat is the most important cause of failure and safety accidents of the power battery system. The heat management of the power battery system is to control the temperature of the battery system in a cooling or heating mode in short, and the research and development of the power battery system are a key link in modern electric automobiles and are also important means for improving the performance of the whole automobiles. The power battery system dissipates a significant amount of heat during use, and the battery temperature affects the operation, cycle life, charge acceptability, power, energy, safety, and reliability of the power system. Most of passenger car whole car manufacturers in the current market use a whole car air conditioner evaporator as a cooler to cool a power battery. Because the air conditioner of the whole vehicle is adjusted according to the air temperature in the cab, the temperature of the power battery cannot be accurately controlled by the air conditioner condenser, and the heat dissipation effect of the power battery is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an electrical control structure based on a power battery pack and a cooling system thereof, which can timely take away excessive heat generated during the operation of the battery, so that the temperature rise of the battery is within a reasonable range, and the working environment of the battery is improved, thereby achieving the purposes of prolonging the service life of the battery and improving the reliability of the battery.

The technical scheme includes that the electric control structure based on the power battery pack comprises a battery module group, a BMS chip, a current sensor, a main positive relay and a main negative relay, wherein the current sensor and the main positive relay are connected into a positive circuit of the battery module group, the main negative relay is connected into a negative circuit of the battery module group, the main positive relay and the main negative relay are respectively and electrically connected with a high-voltage interface and a charging interface of a whole vehicle, the current sensor, the main positive relay and the main negative relay are electrically connected with a low-voltage interface of the whole vehicle through the BMS chip, and the BMS chip is connected with a controller of the whole vehicle through a communication interface.

Preferably, the main positive relay is connected with a pre-charging relay and a pre-charging resistor in parallel, and the pre-charging relay is connected with the BMS chip.

Preferably, the battery module group is formed by connecting a plurality of battery modules, and the MSD device is connected between the battery modules.

Preferably, the battery module is formed by connecting a plurality of battery monomers in series, and the battery monomers adopt lithium ion batteries.

Preferably, a voltage sensor and a temperature sensor are respectively mounted on the battery cells through a copper fixing frame, and the voltage sensor and the temperature sensor are respectively electrically connected with the BMS chip.

Cooling system based on power battery package, including power battery package, hydraulic pump and heat exchanger, battery module group, BMS chip, current sensor, main positive relay, main negative relay, pre-charge relay and pre-charge resistance install on the plane board of liquid cooling board, constitute power battery package, the liquid cooling board export passes through the water-cooled tube and connects the hydraulic pump, hydraulic pump connection heat exchanger import, heat exchanger exit linkage liquid cooling board import, wherein, power battery package is installed in the frame bottom, and the hydraulic pump is installed in the automobile body outside with heat exchanger.

Preferably, the liquid cooling plate adopts ethylene glycol as a heat transfer medium.

Preferably, a heat radiation fan is provided at one side of the heat exchanger.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) The temperature sensor, the voltage sensor and the current sensor are used for respectively acquiring corresponding signals for the battery monomer and the battery module group, the BMS chip is connected with the vehicle control unit through the communication interface to form a complete communication circuit, the power on/off of the main positive relay, the main negative relay and the pre-charging relay is controlled, the temperature of the battery monomer and the temperature of the power battery pack are accurately monitored, the vehicle control unit is used for controlling the hydraulic pump, under the power driving of the hydraulic pump, a heat transfer medium in a liquid cooling plate flows out of the power battery pack through the water cooling pipe and exchanges heat with a heat exchanger outside the power battery pack, and therefore the purpose of keeping the battery working within a reasonable temperature range is achieved, the liquid cooling heat dissipation mode is more uniform, the temperature difference of a battery core is small, the heat dissipation requirement of high-power charging and discharging can be met, and the stability of the power battery system and the service life are greatly improved;

2) The pre-charging relay and the pre-charging resistor are arranged in parallel with the main positive relay to form a pre-charging circuit, so that when the power battery pack is connected with the driving motor, some electric elements in the driving motor are prevented from being broken down by instant high voltage;

3) The MSD device is connected between the battery modules, so that the connection of a high-voltage circuit can be quickly separated, and the work of maintenance and the like is in a safer state;

4) According to the invention, the lithium ion battery is selected as the battery monomer, and the temperature sensor and the voltage sensor are connected through the copper fixing frame, so that copper has good thermal conductivity, the temperature of the battery monomer cell is reflected as true as possible, and the temperature difference of the cell is reduced during cooling control;

5) The invention selects glycol as heat transfer medium, the specific heat capacity of glycol is large, the glycol has good heat absorption capacity, the viscosity is low, and the glycol has good fluidity;

6) The heat dissipation wind is arranged, so that the heat dissipation of the heat exchanger is facilitated, and the cooling efficiency of the heat transfer medium is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electrical control structure of a power battery pack according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a power battery pack cooling system according to the present invention;

the labels in the figure are: 1. battery module group, 2, BMS chip, 3, current sensor, 4, main positive relay, 5, main negative relay, 6, pre-charge relay, 7, pre-charge resistance, 8, MSD device, 9, power battery package, 10, hydraulic pump, 11, heat exchanger, 12, liquid cooling board, 13, whole car high-voltage interface, 14, the interface that charges, 15, communication interface, 16, whole car controller, 17, low-voltage circuit interface, 18, whole car low-voltage, 19, radiator fan.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further explained in conjunction with the drawings attached to the specification in order to facilitate better understanding by those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1-2, based on the electrical control structure of the power battery pack and the cooling system thereof, the electrical control structure includes a battery module group 1, a BMS chip 2, a current sensor 3, a main positive relay 4, a main negative relay 5, a pre-charge relay 6, a pre-charge resistor 7, and an MSD device 8; the cooling system comprises a power battery pack 9, a hydraulic pump 10 and a heat exchanger 11.

The battery module group 1, the BMS chip 2, the current sensor 3, the main positive relay 4, the main negative relay 5, the pre-charging relay 6 and the pre-charging resistor 7 are arranged on a plane plate of the liquid cooling plate 12 to form a power battery pack 9; the liquid cooling plate 12 is a single-side blown liquid cooling plate, one side of which is a plane plate and the other side of which is a blown plate, and a heat transfer medium flows through a gap formed between the plane plate and the blown plate to carry away heat generated in the operation of the battery module group 1, so that the use effect of the cooling system is achieved.

The outlet of the liquid cooling plate 12 is connected with a hydraulic pump 10 through a water cooling pipe, the hydraulic pump 10 is connected with the inlet of a heat exchanger 11 through a water cooling pipe, and the outlet of the heat exchanger 11 is connected with the inlet of the liquid cooling plate 12 through a water cooling pipe; the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate 12 flows out of the power battery pack 9 through the water cooling pipe under the power driving of the hydraulic pump 10 to exchange heat with the heat exchanger 11, so that the purpose of keeping the battery module group 1 working in a reasonable temperature range is achieved. Wherein, the power battery pack 9 is arranged at the bottom of the frame, and the hydraulic pump 10 and the heat exchanger 11 are arranged at the outer side of the vehicle body.

Preferably, the liquid cooling plate 12 uses ethylene glycol as a heat transfer medium, and the ethylene glycol has a large specific heat capacity, a good heat absorption capacity, a low viscosity, and good fluidity.

Preferably, a heat dissipation fan 19 is disposed at one side of the heat exchanger 11 to discharge heat generated by the heat exchanger 11, which is beneficial to improving the cooling efficiency of the heat exchanger 11 to the heat transfer medium.

The electrical control structure of the power battery pack comprises: the positive circuit of the battery module group 1 is connected with the current sensor 3 and the main positive relay 4, the current sensor 3 is connected with the main positive relay 4 in series, the negative circuit of the battery module group 1 is connected with the main negative relay 5, and the main positive relay 4 and the main negative relay 5 are respectively connected with the whole vehicle high-voltage interface 13 and the charging interface 14 to form a high-voltage circuit. In order to prevent some electrical elements in the driving motor from being broken down by instant high voltage when the power battery pack 9 is connected with the driving motor, the pre-charging relay 6, the pre-charging resistor 7 and the main positive relay 4 are connected in parallel to form a pre-charging circuit. Meanwhile, the current sensor 3, the main positive relay 4, the main negative relay 5 and the pre-charging relay 6 are connected with the BMS chip 2, are electrically connected with a low-voltage circuit interface 17 through the BMS chip 2, and are connected with the whole vehicle low-voltage 18 to form a low-voltage circuit. And BMS core, 2 are connected with vehicle control unit 16 through communication interface 15, constitute complete communication circuit.

Specifically, the battery module group 1 is formed by mechanically connecting a plurality of battery modules, each battery module is formed by connecting a plurality of battery monomers in series, and each battery monomer is a lithium ion battery.

Preferably, the MSD device 7, i.e. a manual maintenance switch, is connected between the battery modules, so that the connection of the high-voltage circuit can be quickly separated, the safety of technicians who maintain the electric vehicle in a high-voltage environment or emergency accidents can be protected, and the maintenance and other work can be in a safer state, for example, the protection of external short-circuit conditions, and the high voltage needs to be disconnected during maintenance.

Preferably, install voltage sensor and temperature sensor through copper mount respectively on the battery monomer, copper has good heat conductivity, reflects the temperature of battery monomer electricity core as far as really possible, and voltage sensor and temperature sensor electricity respectively connect BMS chip 2, are favorable to through the communication of BMS chip 2, and vehicle control unit 16 adjusts hydraulic pump 10, reduces the electric core difference in temperature when being favorable to the control cooling.

The electric control structure of the power battery pack is used for accurately monitoring the temperature change of the power battery pack 9 and feeding back the temperature change to the vehicle control unit 16 in time, and then the vehicle control unit 16 controls the hydraulic pump 10 to drive the heat transfer medium to flow through the interior of the power battery pack 9 at a proper flow rate to exchange heat with the battery core, and then the heat transfer medium flows back to the heat exchanger 11 to exchange heat with the low-temperature heat transfer medium, so that the heat generated by the power battery is taken out of the power battery system. This liquid cooling radiating mode is more even, and the electric core difference in temperature is little, can satisfy the heat dissipation demand of high-power charge-discharge, has very big help to reinforcing power battery system stability, promotion life-span.

The above-described examples are merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and alterations of this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of this invention, and it is intended to cover such modifications and alterations in the invention as fall within the true spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. Electric control structure based on power battery package, its characterized in that: the battery charging system comprises a battery module group (1), a BMS chip (2), a current sensor (3), a main positive relay (4) and a main negative relay (5), wherein the current sensor (3) and the main positive relay (4) are connected into a positive circuit of the battery module group (1), the main negative relay (5) is connected into a negative circuit of the battery module group (1), the main positive relay (4) and the main negative relay (5) are respectively electrically connected with a whole vehicle high-voltage interface (13) and a charging interface (14), the current sensor (3), the main positive relay (4) and the main negative relay (5) are electrically connected with a low-voltage circuit interface (17) through the BMS chip (2), and the BMS chip (2) is connected with a whole vehicle controller (16) through a communication interface (15).

2. The power-battery-pack-based electrical control structure of claim 1, wherein: the main positive relay (4) is connected with a pre-charging relay (6) and a pre-charging resistor (7) in parallel, and the pre-charging relay (6) is connected with the BMS chip (2).

3. The power-battery-pack-based electrical control structure of claim 1, wherein: the battery module group (1) is formed by connecting a plurality of battery modules, and an MSD device (8) is connected between the battery modules.

4. The power-battery-pack-based electrical control structure of claim 1, wherein: the battery module is formed by connecting a plurality of battery monomers in series, and the battery monomers adopt lithium ion batteries.

5. The power-battery-pack-based electrical control structure of claim 4, wherein: and the single battery body is provided with a voltage sensor and a temperature sensor through a copper fixing frame, and the voltage sensor and the temperature sensor are respectively and electrically connected with the BMS chip (2).

6. The power-pack-based cooling system according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: including power battery package (9), hydraulic pump (10) and heat exchanger (11), battery module group (1), BMS chip (2), current sensor (3), main positive relay (4), main negative relay (5), pre-charge relay (6) and pre-charge resistance (7) are installed on the plane board of liquid cooling board (12), constitute power battery package (9), liquid cooling board (12) export is through water-cooled tube connection hydraulic pump (10), heat exchanger (11) import is connected in hydraulic pump (10), heat exchanger (11) exit linkage liquid cooling board (12) import, wherein, power battery package (9) are installed in the frame bottom, install in the automobile body outside hydraulic pump (10) and heat exchanger (11).

7. The power-pack-based cooling system of claim 6, wherein: the liquid cooling plate (12) adopts ethylene glycol as a heat transfer medium.

8. The power-battery-pack-based cooling system as claimed in claim 6, wherein: and a cooling fan (19) is arranged on one side of the heat exchanger (11).