CN115674806A - Composite impact-resistant pallet fork and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Composite impact-resistant pallet fork and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115674806A
CN115674806A CN202211399328.6A CN202211399328A CN115674806A CN 115674806 A CN115674806 A CN 115674806A CN 202211399328 A CN202211399328 A CN 202211399328A CN 115674806 A CN115674806 A CN 115674806A
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carbon fiber
impact
layer
composite
thickness
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曹伟伟
朱波
宋函默
谈红
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Huaxia Xingchen Suzhou New Material Technology Co ltd
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Huaxia Xingchen Suzhou New Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fork of a carrying robot and discloses a composite impact-resistant fork and a preparation method thereof, wherein a surface impact-resistant layer, a middle interface layer and a bottom rigid layer are sequentially arranged from one side to the other side, wherein the surface impact-resistant layer is a composite structure of a carbon fiber two-dimensional woven structure and a thermoplastic resin matrix; the middle interface layer adopts a composite structure of an aramid fiber honeycomb structure and a thermoplastic resin matrix; the bottom rigid layer comprises a main body and a plurality of buffer pieces, the main body is a composite structure of a high-strength carbon fiber three-dimensional woven structure and a thermosetting resin matrix, and the plurality of buffer pieces are uniformly pre-embedded on one side, close to the middle interface layer, of the main body. The fork with the structure has good impact resistance, rigidity, shock resistance and buffering performance.

Description

Composite impact-resistant pallet fork and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fork of a carrying robot, and particularly relates to a composite impact-resistant fork and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
With the continuous development of science and technology, many works are gradually changed from manual processing to robot completion, thereby greatly saving manpower and improving work efficiency. The transfer robot has a high-speed stable control technology, and realizes the stability of transfer by optimizing a track and improving the rigidity and joint servo performance of the pallet fork. The transfer robot can realize the complete automatic transfer of goods, and the working performance of the transfer robot directly influences the production efficiency, so that the transfer robot has positive significance for the improvement and optimization of the pallet fork in the transfer robot.
Carbon-fibre composite fork compares with ordinary fork and has the quality light, advantage such as corrosion resistance is strong, fatigue resistance height, but the fork generally can receive great impact action and shearing force in the use, and general carbon-fibre composite is hierarchical structure, and under these effort, easy layering between carbon-fibre composite's hierarchical structure, the whole easy deformation that takes place of fork even takes place to buckle, influences the whole life of fork.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a composite impact-resistant pallet fork and a preparation method thereof.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a composite impact-resistant pallet fork comprising, in order from one side to the other, a surface impact-resistant layer, an intermediate interface layer, and a bottom rigid layer, wherein,
the surface impact-resistant layer is a composite structure of a carbon fiber two-dimensional woven structure and a thermoplastic resin matrix;
the middle interface layer adopts a composite structure of an aramid fiber honeycomb structure and a thermoplastic resin matrix;
the bottom rigid layer comprises a main body and a plurality of buffer sheets, the main body is a composite structure of a high-strength carbon fiber three-dimensional woven structure and a thermosetting resin matrix, and the plurality of buffer sheets are uniformly distributed in a matrix and are pre-embedded on one side of the main body close to the middle interface layer, so that the buffer sheets are directly bonded and fixed with the middle interface layer;
the thickness of the buffer sheet is more than or equal to 1mm, and the thickness of the bottom rigid layer is at least 2 times of the thickness of the buffer sheet.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of the composite impact-resistant pallet fork, which comprises the following steps:
milling the formed aramid fiber honeycomb and filling thermoplastic resin;
respectively paving thermoplastic films on the upper surface and the lower surface of the aramid fiber honeycomb filled with the thermoplastic resin;
then respectively paving carbon fiber two-dimensional woven structure prepreg cloth and carbon fiber three-dimensional woven structure prepreg cloth on the upper surface and the lower surface of the aramid fiber honeycomb, and uniformly pre-embedding buffer sheets in one side of the carbon fiber three-dimensional woven structure prepreg cloth, which is close to the aramid fiber honeycomb;
and after paving, hot-pressing, curing and forming to obtain the finished product.
The beneficial effects achieved by one or more of the embodiments of the invention described above are as follows:
the surface impact-resistant layer is a composite structure of a carbon fiber two-dimensional woven structure and a thermoplastic resin matrix, the carbon fiber two-dimensional woven structure is used for isotropically reinforcing the resin matrix, a weak reinforcing direction is avoided, meanwhile, the reinforcing structure is a two-dimensional woven structure, and a strong interaction force exists between carbon fibers, so that the carbon fiber two-dimensional woven structure cannot be split under a strong impact effect and has strong impact resistance.
The middle interface layer adopts a composite structure of aramid fiber honeycomb and thermoplastic resin, and the structure has stronger shear resistance, can effectively improve the shear resistance of the pallet fork, and especially can improve the bending strength of the pallet fork. Simultaneously, this kind of structure can show the weight that alleviates the fork, strengthens the specific strength of fork.
The main part on bottom rigidity layer is the three-dimensional composite construction who weaves structure and thermosetting resin base member of high strength carbon fiber, and this kind of structure has stronger rigidity, as the most basic support of bottom, can effectively reduce the deformation of fork in the fork fortune process, provides powerful support for surperficial shock resistance layer and middle interface layer to effectively improve the performance of combined material fork.
The buffer sheet is evenly embedded at one side of the bottom rigid layer close to the middle interface layer and used for absorbing energy, so that a better buffer effect can be achieved on impact force applied to the fork, instantaneous impact on the bottom rigid layer is reduced, the stress condition of the bottom rigid layer is improved, and the bottom rigid layer is prevented from being broken under the large impact force. Meanwhile, the buffer sheet also has damping performance, so that the forking process is more stable.
The thickness more than or equal to 1mm of buffer chip to guarantee to provide effectual cushioning effect, prescribe a limit to the thickness on bottom rigidity layer, make the thickness of pre-buried buffer chip is detached to bottom rigidity layer, sufficient thickness carries out effective support to the resistant impact layer in surface and the middle interface layer of fork in addition.
If inside pre-buried bottom rigidity layer with the buffer chip, when bonding through part bottom rigidity layer between buffer chip and the middle boundary layer, at first need this part bottom rigidity layer will pass through deformation and transmit the buffer chip with power, make the buffer chip play corresponding effect, but the bottom rigidity layer that takes place deformation can drive other positions and take place deformation in succession, leads to the effect of buffer chip to be weakened. Therefore, the buffer sheet is directly bonded and fixed with the middle interface layer, when goods are placed on the fork body, force is directly transmitted to the buffer sheet through the surface impact-resistant layer and the middle interface layer, so that the buffer sheet plays a corresponding role, and deformation of the bottom rigid layer is reduced.
In the hot pressing process, a small amount of resin in the prepreg cloth on two sides of the aramid fiber honeycomb enters the aramid fiber honeycomb and is compounded with the aramid fiber honeycomb into a whole, so that the surface impact-resistant layer, the middle interface layer and the bottom rigid layer form a whole, the layering of the pallet fork in the using process is avoided, and the rigidity and the impact resistance of the pallet fork can be further improved. Meanwhile, the composite material has better corrosion resistance.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a composite impact-resistant panel structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the bottom rigid layer of the composite impact-resistant panel structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 1, the surface is shock resistant; 2. an intermediate interface layer; 3. a bottom rigid layer; 4. a buffer sheet.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a composite impact-resistant pallet fork comprising, in order from one side to the other, a surface impact-resistant layer, an intermediate interface layer, and a bottom rigid layer, wherein,
the surface impact-resistant layer is a composite structure of a carbon fiber two-dimensional woven structure and a thermoplastic resin matrix;
the middle interface layer adopts a composite structure of an aramid fiber honeycomb structure and a thermoplastic resin matrix;
the bottom rigid layer comprises a main body and a plurality of buffer sheets, the main body is a composite structure of a high-strength carbon fiber three-dimensional woven structure and a thermosetting resin matrix, and the plurality of buffer sheets are uniformly distributed in a matrix and are pre-embedded on one side of the main body close to the middle interface layer, so that the buffer sheets are directly bonded and fixed with the middle interface layer;
the thickness of the buffer sheet is more than or equal to 1mm, and the thickness of the bottom rigid layer is at least 2 times of the thickness of the buffer sheet.
The carbon fiber is a special fiber with high strength and modulus, has excellent mechanical properties such as high strength and modulus, and has the advantages of light weight, stable chemical components, good high temperature resistance and the like. Compared with the common steel pallet fork, the carbon fiber composite pallet fork has the advantages of light weight, high strength-to-mass ratio, strong corrosion resistance, high fatigue strength and the like. The aramid fiber honeycomb core layer mainly bears shear stress in the sandwich structure, so that the sandwich structure has high bending rigidity.
The plate adopts a multilayer structure, and the rigidity, impact resistance and friction resistance of the pallet fork are effectively improved.
In some embodiments, the cushion sheet is a chopped carbon fiber reinforced silicone rubber composite.
The pre-embedded buffer sheet in the rigid layer is formed by silicon rubber doped short carbon fibers, so that the high-strength and high-specific-stiffness rigid-layer embedded buffer sheet has good shock absorption and anti-vibration buffering effects.
Preferably, the mass percent of the silicon rubber in the buffer sheet is 30-50%, and the length of the chopped carbon fiber is 2-5mm.
In some embodiments, the two-dimensional planar weave structure of the surface impact resistant layer is selected from a plain, twill or satin weave structure with a resin content of 30% to 60%.
Preferably, the carbon fibers of the surface impact resistant layer are high strength carbon fibers selected from T300, T700, T800 or T1000.
Preferably, the thermoplastic resin of the surface impact resistant layer is selected from polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride or polystyrene.
Preferably, the thickness of the surface impact resistant layer is 2-4mm.
In some embodiments, the intermediate interface layer has a thickness of 3-5mm.
Preferably, the resin content of the intermediate interface layer is 30% to 60%.
The manufacture of aramid honeycomb generally adopts a stretching and expanding method, and the production process mainly comprises nine processes of gluing, superposing, pressing, cutting, stretching, shaping, gum dipping, curing and slicing. The thermoplastic resin may be any one of the thermoplastic resins used for the surface impact-resistant layer, and is not limited to the above.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the bottom rigid layer is 3-5mm and the thickness of the cushion sheet is 1-2mm.
Preferably, the difference in thickness between the bottom rigid layer and the cushioning sheet is at least 2mm. So as to ensure the rigidity of the bottom rigid layer at one side of the non-embedded buffer sheet and provide enough supporting function.
Preferably, the resin content of the bottom rigid layer is 30 to 60%.
Preferably, the three-dimensional weaving structure of the bottom rigid layer is a three-dimensional four-direction, three-dimensional five-direction, three-dimensional six-direction or three-dimensional seven-direction weaving structure;
the thermosetting resin is selected from epoxy resin, phenolic resin, unsaturated polyester resin or urea resin.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of the composite impact-resistant pallet fork, which comprises the following steps:
milling the formed aramid fiber honeycomb and filling thermoplastic resin;
respectively paving thermoplastic films on the upper surface and the lower surface which are filled with the aramid fiber honeycombs;
then respectively paving carbon fiber two-dimensional woven structure prepreg cloth and carbon fiber three-dimensional woven structure prepreg cloth on the upper surface and the lower surface of the aramid fiber honeycomb, and uniformly pre-burying buffer sheets in one side of the carbon fiber three-dimensional woven structure prepreg cloth, which is close to the aramid fiber honeycomb;
and after paving, hot-pressing, curing and forming to obtain the finished product.
In some embodiments, the thermoplastic adhesive film is made of Polyetherimide (PEI), polyether ketone (PEK), polysulfone (PSF), or polyether sulfone (PES).
In some embodiments, the carbon fiber two-dimensional woven structure prepreg is prepared by: placing the thermoplastic adhesive film and the carbon fiber cloth on a preheated press in a laminated manner, and carrying out hot pressing to obtain the carbon fiber cloth;
the hot pressing temperature is 120-150 ℃, the pressure is 0.5-2MPa, the hot pressing time is 20-60min, and after the hot pressing is finished, the heating is stopped and the temperature is kept for 40-60min.
Preferably, superfine thermoplastic bonding powder is sprayed between adjacent carbon fiber cloths.
Further preferably, the ultrafine thermoplastic bonding powder is selected from polyamide powder, polyethylene powder or polyurethane powder. The granularity of the powder is flexibly selected within the range of 200-2000 meshes.
In some embodiments, the hot-pressing curing molding temperature is 110-130 ℃, and the molding pressure is 0.1-0.5MPa.
The compression molding is to place the laminated thin plate pressed by the pre-impregnated cloth in a specific metal counter mold, and then heat, pressurize, solidify and mold. The compression molding process flow comprises the steps of firstly cutting the carbon fiber sheet according to the size of a product, cleaning a mold with a specific structure, coating a release agent, placing the carbon fiber sheet, carrying out mold closing treatment, and coating lubricating oil on a screw during screwing so as to ensure smooth mold opening. And (3) placing the finished carbon fiber product mold on a preheated hot press, and removing the pressure for 3-4 times at an interval of 10-20 s. The setting temperature of the press is 130-180 ℃, the pressure is 2-10 MPa, the pressurizing time is 30-90 min, and then the heating is stopped and the temperature is kept for 30-60 min. And (5) demolding after the mold is cooled.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the surface impact-resistant layer 1 is formed by combining a two-dimensional twill weave of T700 high-strength carbon fibers with a polyethylene resin, and has a thickness of 3mm and a resin content of 40%. The hot-press molding adopts polyamide powder with the granularity of 1000 meshes for bonding, and the thermoplastic adhesive film is a polyetherimide adhesive film. Hot press molding and compression molding are carried out at a press temperature of 150 deg.C and a pressure of 6MPa, three times of decompression are carried out before compression, the time interval is 10s, the compression time is 40min, and heating is stopped and maintained for 35min.
The middle interface layer 2 is of a honeycomb structure and is formed by compounding an aramid honeycomb structure and a polypropylene resin matrix, the resin content is 60%, and the thickness is 5mm.
The bottom rigid layer 3 adopts T1000 high strength carbon fiber to adopt three-dimensional seven to weave structure cooperation epoxy resin impregnation complex, and the buffer piece 4 comprises the short carbon fiber of silicon rubber doping, and silicon rubber content is 30%, and the length of short carbon fiber is 2mm, and the thickness of buffer piece is 2mm, and the buffer piece is matrix evenly distributed in the bottom rigid layer. The thickness of the bottom rigid layer was 5mm and the resin content was 40%.
The curing temperature of the 3 laminated parts in the autoclave is 120 ℃, and the forming pressure is 0.3Mpa. The total resin matrix content of the structural plate is 45%, and the thickness of the structural plate is 13mm.
Example 2
The surface impact-resistant layer is compounded by adopting T800 high-strength carbon fiber to carry out two-dimensional plain weave weaving and polypropylene resin, the thickness is 2mm, and the resin content is 50%. The hot-press molding adopts polyethylene powder with the granularity of 1000 meshes for bonding, and the thermoplastic adhesive film is a polysulfone adhesive film. Hot press molding and compression molding are carried out at a press temperature of 180 deg.C and a pressure of 7MPa, three times of decompression are carried out before compression, the time interval is 10s, the compression time is 80min, and heating is stopped and maintained for 40min.
The middle honeycomb layer is formed by compounding an aramid fiber honeycomb structure and a polyethylene resin matrix, the resin content is 50%, and the thickness is 4mm.
The bottom rigid layer adopts T300 high strength carbon fiber to adopt three-dimensional quadriversal to weave structure cooperation phenolic resin flooding complex, and the buffer piece comprises silicon rubber doping short carbon fiber, and silicon rubber content is 50%, and the length of short carbon fiber is 4mm, and the thickness of buffer piece is 2mm, and the buffer piece is matrix evenly distributed in the bottom rigid layer. The thickness of the bottom rigid layer was 4mm and the resin content was 50%.
The curing temperature of the 3 laminated parts in the autoclave is 120 ℃, and the forming pressure is 0.3Mpa. The total resin matrix content of the structural plate is 50%, and the thickness of the structural plate is 10mm.
Example 3
The surface impact-resistant layer is compounded with polyvinyl chloride resin by adopting T700 high-strength carbon fiber to weave two-dimensional satin, the thickness is 3mm, and the resin content is 60%. The hot-press molding adopts polyamide powder with the granularity of 800 meshes for bonding, and the thermoplastic adhesive film is a polyetherimide adhesive film. Hot press molding and compression molding are carried out at a press temperature of 150 deg.C and a pressure of 6MPa, three times of decompression are carried out before pressurization, the time interval is 10s, the pressurization time is 90min, and heating is stopped and kept for 35min.
The middle interface layer is of a honeycomb structure and is formed by compounding an aramid honeycomb structure and a polyvinyl chloride resin matrix, the resin content is 60%, and the thickness is 5mm.
The bottom rigid layer adopts T1000 high strength carbon fiber to adopt three-dimensional five to weave structure cooperation urea-formaldehyde resin flooding complex, and the buffer piece comprises silicon rubber doping short carbon fiber, and silicon rubber content is 40%, and the length of short carbon fiber is 5mm, and the thickness of buffer piece is 1mm, and the buffer piece is matrix evenly distributed in the bottom rigid layer. The thickness of the bottom rigid layer was 4mm and the resin content was 55%.
The curing temperature of the 3 laminated parts in the autoclave is 120 ℃, and the forming pressure is 0.3Mpa. The total resin matrix content of the structural sheet material is 58%, and the thickness of the structural sheet material is 12mm.
Example 4
The surface impact-resistant layer is compounded with polyethylene resin by adopting T300 high-strength carbon fiber to perform two-dimensional twill weaving, the thickness is 3mm, and the resin content is 50%. The hot-press molding adopts polyamide powder with the granularity of 500 meshes for bonding, and the thermoplastic adhesive film is a polyetherimide adhesive film. Hot press molding and compression molding are carried out at a press temperature of 130 deg.C and a pressure of 5MPa, three times of decompression are carried out before compression, the time interval is 10s, the compression time is 50min, and heating is stopped and maintained for 60min.
The middle interface layer is of a honeycomb structure and is formed by compounding an aramid honeycomb structure and a polypropylene resin matrix, the resin content is 30%, and the thickness is 4mm. The bottom rigid layer adopts T1000 high strength carbon fiber to adopt three-dimensional six to weave structure cooperation epoxy resin impregnation complex, and the buffer piece comprises silicon rubber doping short carbon fiber, and silicon rubber content is 30%, and the length of short carbon fiber is 2mm, and the thickness of buffer piece is 2mm, and the buffer piece is matrix evenly distributed in the bottom rigid layer. The thickness of the bottom rigid layer was 4mm and the resin content was 40%.
The curing temperature of the 3 laminated parts in the autoclave is 120 ℃, and the forming pressure is 0.3Mpa. The total resin matrix content of the structural plate is 40%, and the thickness of the structural plate is 11mm.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a compound resistant impact fork which characterized in that: a surface impact-resistant layer, a middle interface layer and a bottom rigid layer are arranged from one side to the other side in sequence, wherein,
the surface impact-resistant layer is a composite structure of a carbon fiber two-dimensional woven structure and a thermoplastic resin matrix;
the middle interface layer adopts a composite structure of an aramid fiber honeycomb structure and a thermoplastic resin matrix;
the bottom rigid layer comprises a main body and a plurality of buffer sheets, the main body is a composite structure of a high-strength carbon fiber three-dimensional woven structure and a thermosetting resin matrix, and the plurality of buffer sheets are uniformly distributed in a matrix and are pre-embedded on one side of the main body close to the middle interface layer, so that the buffer sheets are directly bonded and fixed with the middle interface layer;
the thickness of the buffer sheet is more than or equal to 1mm, and the thickness of the bottom rigid layer is at least 2 times of the thickness of the buffer sheet.
2. The composite impact pallet fork of claim 1, wherein: the buffer sheet is a short carbon fiber reinforced silicone rubber composite material; the mass percentage of the silicon rubber in the buffer sheet is 30-50%, and the length of the chopped carbon fiber is 2-5mm.
3. The composite impact pallet fork of claim 1, wherein: the two-dimensional plane weaving structure of the surface impact-resistant layer is selected from a plain weave, twill weave or satin weave structure; the carbon fiber of the surface impact-resistant layer is high-strength carbon fiber selected from T300, T700, T800 or T1000.
4. The composite impact resistant pallet fork of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the surface impact-resistant layer is 2-4mm; the thickness of the middle interface layer is 3-5mm; the thickness of the bottom rigid layer is 3-5mm, and the thickness of the buffer sheet is 1-2mm.
5. The composite impact resistant pallet fork of claim 1, wherein: the difference between the thicknesses of the bottom rigid layer and the cushioning sheet is at least 2mm.
6. The composite impact pallet fork of claim 1, wherein: the resin content of the surface impact-resistant layer is 30-60%, the resin content of the middle interface layer is 30-60%, and the resin content of the bottom rigid layer is 30-60%.
7. A method of making a composite impact pallet fork as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
milling the formed aramid honeycomb, and filling thermoplastic resin;
respectively paving thermoplastic films on the upper surface and the lower surface of the aramid honeycomb filled with the thermoplastic resin;
then respectively paving carbon fiber two-dimensional woven structure prepreg cloth and carbon fiber three-dimensional woven structure prepreg cloth on the upper surface and the lower surface of the aramid fiber honeycomb, and uniformly pre-burying buffer sheets in one side of the carbon fiber three-dimensional woven structure prepreg cloth, which is close to the aramid fiber honeycomb;
and after paving, hot-pressing, curing and forming to obtain the finished product.
8. The method of making a composite impact pallet fork of claim 7, wherein: the thermoplastic adhesive film is made of polyetherimide, polyether ketone, polysulfone or polyether sulfone.
9. The method of making a composite impact pallet fork of claim 7, wherein: the preparation method of the carbon fiber two-dimensional woven structure prepreg cloth comprises the following steps: placing the thermoplastic adhesive film and the carbon fiber cloth on a preheated press in a stacked manner, and carrying out hot pressing to obtain the composite material;
hot pressing at 120-150 deg.C under 0.5-2MPa for 20-60min, and stopping heating for 40-60min after hot pressing.
10. The method of making a composite impact pallet fork of claim 7, wherein: spraying superfine thermoplastic bonding powder between adjacent carbon fiber cloths; the ultra-fine thermoplastic binding powder is selected from polyamide powder, polyethylene powder or polyurethane powder.
CN202211399328.6A 2022-11-09 2022-11-09 Composite impact-resistant pallet fork and preparation method thereof Pending CN115674806A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118124236A (en) * 2024-05-07 2024-06-04 山东华特天维新材料有限公司 Impact-resistant composite material sliding plate and preparation method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118124236A (en) * 2024-05-07 2024-06-04 山东华特天维新材料有限公司 Impact-resistant composite material sliding plate and preparation method thereof

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