CN115671911A - Harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system and treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system and treatment method. The treatment system includes an adsorption device and a decomposition device. The exhaust port of the adsorption device communicates with the air inlet of the decomposition device through a main exhaust pipe. The adsorption device includes an adsorption box. The interior of the adsorption box is provided with a plurality of inner chambers, and the side walls of each inner chamber are respectively provided with exhaust branch pipes communicating with the exhaust main pipe, and partitions are arranged between adjacent inner chambers , and the inner wall of the partition is provided with a chute, the inside of the chute is slidably connected with a slide plate, and the inner side of the slide plate is welded with a front sealing plate, and the rear side of the front sealing plate is welded with a suction box, and the inside of the suction box is provided with Sponge filter screen, and the underside of the sponge filter screen is provided with an activated carbon box, and the underside of the activated carbon box is provided with a metal grid frame. The treatment method of the present invention realizes circulation filtration and impurity adsorption, and realizes the interception, decomposition and adsorption of flue gas through the decomposition tower body, thereby realizing refined purification treatment.

Description

A harmful flue gas adsorption purification treatment system and treatment method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of waste gas purification, in particular to a harmful flue gas adsorption purification treatment system and treatment method.

Background technique

No matter in the fields of smelting, chemical industry, waste treatment, industrial production and organic waste incineration, a large amount of organic waste such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, flue gas and harmful substances will be produced. Therefore, in the face of flue gas It is necessary to carry out desulfurization and denitrification treatment when the organic waste such as harmful substances is discharged. This will inevitably lead to problems such as difficulty in selecting a flue gas desulfurization system, large area occupation, and high investment when various enterprises carry out flue gas desulfurization and denitrification treatment. , Human investment and other series of problems. At present, when the flue gas and harmful substances are treated, they are firstly decomposed in a high-temperature pretreatment system at 100-200°C, cooled and preliminarily adsorbed, and then sent to an activated carbon adsorption and desorption device for reprocessing. Each system not only occupies a relatively small area Large, the system settings are not fine enough, and the harmful substances discharged cannot be completely absorbed, and the activated carbon adsorption and desorption device reaches the adsorption saturation state after long-term use, resulting in the phenomenon that the harmful substances have not been completely absorbed and the treatment is not thorough. Reduce the purification effect, and if it is not replaced in time, the adsorption efficiency will be reduced.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the defects existing in the prior art, a harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system and treatment method are now provided. The treatment method of the present invention realizes circulation filtration and impurity adsorption, and realizes the interception of flue gas, Decomposition and adsorption, thus realizing fine purification treatment, can solve the problem that the existing activated carbon adsorption device is inconvenient to disassemble and replace the internal activated carbon cartridge after long-term use, which leads to the reduction of adsorption efficiency. To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system, the treatment system includes an adsorption device and a decomposition device, the exhaust port of the adsorption device passes through the main exhaust pipe and the air inlet of the decomposition device communicated, the adsorption device includes an adsorption box, the interior of the adsorption box is provided with a plurality of inner chambers, and the side walls of each inner chamber are respectively provided with exhaust branch pipes communicating with the exhaust main pipe, A partition is arranged between adjacent inner chambers, and the inner wall of the partition is provided with a chute, the inside of the chute is slidably connected with a slide plate, and the inner side of the slide plate is welded with a front sealing plate, and the front sealing plate An adsorption box is welded on the rear side of the suction box, and a sponge filter is arranged inside the adsorption box, and an activated carbon box is arranged on the underside of the sponge filter, and a metal grid frame is arranged on the underside of the activated carbon box.

Further, a plurality of first through holes are opened on the side wall of the adsorption box on the side opposite to the exhaust branch pipe, and an air intake branch pipe is connected to each first through hole, and a mist is connected to the inlet end of the air intake branch pipe. filter, and the inlet end of the mist filter is connected with an air intake main pipe, a first negative pressure induced draft fan is arranged on the exhaust main pipe near the air inlet end of the decomposition device, and a second induced draft fan is arranged at one end of the air intake main pipe ; The inlet end of the first negative pressure induced fan is connected to the outlet end of the exhaust main pipe, and the outlet of the first negative pressure induced fan is connected to the air inlet of the decomposition device.

Further, the decomposition device includes a decomposition tower body and is arranged in the decomposition tower body from bottom to top and is sequentially provided with an intercepting net, a spray pipe, a wire mesh filter, a decomposition mechanism and an activated carbon filter screen. A decomposition input port is provided at the top of the decomposition tower body, a decomposition sewage outlet is provided at the bottom of the decomposition tower body, a circulation exhaust outlet is provided at the top of the decomposition tower body, and a decomposition exhaust outlet is provided at the top side of the decomposition tower body. The circulating exhaust outlet of the body is connected with the inlet side of the main intake pipe through the circulating air pipe. A circulating induced draft fan is installed on the circulating air pipe near the inlet end of the main intake pipe. On the activated carbon filter screen and horizontally A smoke detection device is installed at the height area where the height is not higher than the circulation exhaust outlet.

Further, the metal grid frame is welded on the inner wall of the adsorption box, and the activated carbon box is placed on the upper end of the metal grid frame, and the sponge filter is placed on the upper end of the activated carbon box.

Further, the front end of the front sealing plate is welded with a reinforcement plate, and the reinforcement plate is located on the left and right sides of the front sealing plate, and a second installation hole is opened inside the reinforcement plate, and the second installation hole and the front end of the partition are opened corresponding to the location of the first mounting hole.

Further, the front end of the front sealing plate is welded with handles, and the handles are arranged in a rectangular frame structure, and there are three horizontal handles.

Further, slots are provided between the adsorption boxes, and the slots are correspondingly inserted into the partitions, and the upper end of the adsorption box is set as an open opening, and the lower end of the adsorption box is provided with a second through hole.

Further, the outer side of the activated carbon box is provided with a metal grid plate structure, and the upper end of the grid plate is provided with a lifting groove, and the inside of the lifting groove is provided with an arc-shaped lifting rod.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a harmful flue gas adsorption purification treatment method, the treatment method comprising the following steps:

Step 1, the harmful smoke is sucked by the second negative pressure induced draft fan, and enters the inner chamber of the adsorption box respectively through the main intake pipe, and the harmful smoke is filtered and adsorbed by the sponge filter and the activated carbon box in turn to realize the preliminary purification treatment ;

Step 2, the harmful flue gas that is preliminarily purified and treated is sucked by the first negative pressure induced draft fan, and sent into the decomposition tower body of the decomposition device through the exhaust main pipe, and intercepted by electrostatic adsorption through the intercepting net, and adsorbed and filtered by wire mesh filtration. The decomposition mechanism performs purification and degradation, and the activated carbon filter filters and absorbs to realize the purification and degradation of harmful smoke;

Step 3, the flue gas detection device monitors the flue gas parameters for purification and degradation in real time. If the flue gas parameters are greater than the preset parameters, start the circulating induced draft fan and send the flue gas into the adsorption box through the circulating air delivery pipe and the main intake pipe for recirculation adsorption and purification , if the flue gas parameter is less than the preset parameter, the purified and degraded flue gas is discharged from the decomposition exhaust outlet of the decomposition tower body.

Step 4, after the evolution process is completed, the spray pipe is opened, the nozzle on the spray pipe cleans the intercepting net, and the cleaning waste liquid is discharged from the decomposition outlet.

In the above solution, it is further preferred that the decomposition mechanism is a microwave plasma reactor, the microwave plasma reactor has a working voltage of 10kV-50kV, a power of 600-1200W, and a discharge time of 30s-90s.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the precipitation treatment system of the present invention realizes circulation filtration and impurity adsorption, and realizes the interception, decomposition and adsorption of flue gas through the decomposition tower body, thereby realizing refined purification treatment; The separator and the chute are convenient for slidingly inserting the adsorption box into the inner chamber through the slide plate, and then through the reinforcement plate, the first installation hole and the second installation hole, the reinforcement plate and the front sealing plate are fixed on the adsorption box by bolts. The front side of the box is sealed and installed, and then through the sponge filter and activated carbon box inside the adsorption box, it is convenient to realize the filtration and circulation of exhaust gas under the twitch of the first negative pressure induced draft fan. Remove the upper bolt, and then pull out the front sealing plate to the outside through the handle, so that the adsorption box can be pulled out, so that the activated carbon box can be taken out and replaced from the opening at the upper end of the adsorption box.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the integrated structure of the adsorption box according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the integrated structure of the adsorption box according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the adsorption box according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the decomposition device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

1. The first negative pressure induced fan; 2. Exhaust main pipe; 3. Exhaust branch pipe; 4. Adsorption box; 5. Front sealing plate; 6. Intake branch pipe; 7. Mist filter; 8. Intake main pipe ;9, inner chamber; 10, first mounting hole; 11, first through hole; 12, chute; 13, handle; 14, adsorption box; 15, slide plate; 16, reinforcing plate; 17, second mounting hole ; 18, sponge filter screen; 19, activated carbon box; 20, pulling groove; 21, metal grid frame; 22, second through hole; 23, slot; 24, partition; 200, decomposition tower body; 201, Interception net; 202, spray pipe; 203, wire mesh filter; 204, decomposition mechanism; 205, activated carbon filter; 206, smoke detection device; 207, decomposition exhaust outlet; 207a, outlet control valve; 208, decomposition Input port; 209, decomposition sewage outlet; 210, circulation exhaust outlet; 210a, circulation air pipe; 210b, circulation induced fan.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention are described below through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation modes, and various modifications or changes can be made to the details in this specification based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system principle structure of the purification treatment system of the embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the integrated structure of the adsorption box of the embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the integrated structure of the adsorption box of the embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the integrated structure of the adsorption box Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the adsorption box of the embodiment.

Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, the present invention provides a harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system, the treatment system includes an adsorption device and a decomposition device, the exhaust port of the adsorption device passes through the main exhaust pipe 2 and the decomposition device The air inlet is connected, and the adsorption device includes a first negative pressure induced fan 1 , an adsorption box 4 , a front sealing plate 5 and an adsorption box 14 . Specifically, the interior of the adsorption box 4 is provided with a plurality of inner chambers 9, and the side walls of each inner chamber 9 are respectively provided with exhaust branch pipes 3 communicated with the exhaust main pipe 2, and A partition 24 is arranged between the adjacent inner chambers 9, and the inner wall of the partition 24 is provided with a chute 12, the inside of the chute 12 is slidably connected with a slide plate 15, and the inside of the slide plate 15 is welded with a front sealing plate 5 , and the rear side of the front sealing plate 5 is welded with an adsorption box 14, the interior of the adsorption box 14 is provided with a sponge filter screen 18, and the underside of the sponge filter screen 18 is provided with an activated carbon box 19, and the bottom of the activated carbon box 19 A metal grid frame 21 is provided on the side.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of first through holes 11 are opened on the side wall of the adsorption box 4 on the side opposite to the exhaust branch pipe 3, and each first through hole 11 is connected with an intake branch pipe 6. The inlet end of the air intake branch pipe 6 is connected with a mist filter 7, and the inlet end of the mist filter 7 is connected with an air intake main pipe 8, and a first negative pressure guide is provided on the exhaust main pipe 2 near the air inlet end of the decomposition device. The blower fan 1 is provided with a second induced draft fan 100 at one end of the intake main pipe 8; the inlet end of the first negative pressure induced draft fan 1 is connected with the outlet end of the exhaust main pipe 2, Connect the air inlet of the decomposition device, in the present embodiment, the exhaust main pipe 2 is independently connected with the exhaust branch pipe 3 at the inlet end, and the end of the exhaust main pipe 2 away from the first negative pressure induced draft fan 1 is set as a blocking end, In this embodiment, one end of the intake main pipe 8 is connected to the flue gas output pipe, and harmful smoke enters the intake main pipe 8 through the flue gas delivery pipe, and the other end of the intake main pipe 8 is set as a blocking end, and the smoke passes through the intake main pipe. 8 are respectively sent to each inner chamber 9 in the adsorption box 4 for adsorption and filtration to remove harmful substances in the flue gas.

In the present embodiment, the metal grid frame 21 is welded on the inner wall of the adsorption box 14, and the activated carbon box 19 is placed on the upper end of the metal grid frame 21, and the sponge filter screen 18 is placed on the upper end of the activated carbon box 19; the outer side of the activated carbon box 19 is provided with Metal grid plate structure, and the top of the grid plate is provided with a lifting groove 20, and the inside of the lifting groove 20 is provided with a lifting rod with an arc structure, the activated carbon box 19 has air permeability as a whole, and the inside of the activated carbon box 19 Set with activated charcoal granules. By pulling the arc-shaped lifting rod inside the groove 20, it is convenient to take out the sponge filter screen 18 when dismounting, and then hold the lifting rod to take out the activated carbon box 19 upwards.

In this embodiment, the front end of the front sealing plate 5 is welded with a reinforcement plate 16, and the reinforcement plate 16 is located on the left and right sides of the front sealing plate 5, and the inside of the reinforcement plate 16 is provided with a second installation hole 17, the second The installation hole 17 corresponds to the first installation hole 10 opened at the front end of the partition plate 24 . The reinforcing plate 16 strengthens the installation stability of the front sealing plate 5 , and the inner surface of the front sealing plate 5 and the inner surface of the slot 23 are provided with a silicone gasket to strengthen the sealing performance connected with the partition plate 24 . The front end of the front sealing plate 5 is welded with handles 13 , and the handles 13 are arranged in a rectangular frame structure, and there are three horizontal handles 13 .

In this embodiment, the handle 13 is used to pull out the front sealing plate 5 as a whole to the outside. Secondly, the positioning of the front sealing plate 5 is conveniently arranged beyond the upper, lower, left, and right edges of the adsorption box 14, so as to be in harmony with the outer surface of the adsorption box 4. Edges are press-fit sealed. Slots 23 are provided between the adsorption boxes 14 , and the slots 23 are correspondingly inserted into the partitions 24 , and the upper end of the adsorption box 14 is set as an open opening, and the lower end of the adsorption box 14 is provided with a second through hole 22 .

In this embodiment, the opening of the adsorption box 14 is convenient for the whole upward removal of the activated carbon box 19, and it is not necessary to slide the adsorption box 14 out of the adsorption box 4 as a whole, resulting in inconvenient installation again. The second through hole 22 is connected to the first through hole. The upper and lower positions of the holes 11 are connected correspondingly.

The gas adsorption and purification treatment system of the present invention can effectively solve the problem that the existing activated carbon adsorption device is inconvenient to disassemble and replace the internal activated carbon box after long-term use, which in turn leads to the reduction of adsorption efficiency. , it is convenient to slide and insert the adsorption box into the inner chamber through the slide plate, and then through the reinforcement plate 16, the first installation hole 10 and the second installation hole 17, so that the reinforcement plate 16 and the front sealing plate 5 are fixed on the adsorption box by bolts The front side of 4 is sealed and installed, and then through the sponge filter 18 and activated carbon box 19 inside the adsorption box 4, it is convenient to realize the filtration and circulation of harmful smoke substances under the twitch of the first negative pressure induced draft fan 1, and the activated carbon needs to be disassembled and replaced When removing the box, you only need to remove the bolts on the reinforcing plate, and then pull the front sealing plate 5 outwards through the handle 13, so that the adsorption box 14 can be pulled out, so that the activated carbon box 14 can be easily removed from the opening on the upper end of the adsorption box 14. Remove and replace.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5 , the decomposition device includes a decomposition tower body 200 and is arranged in the decomposition tower body 200 from bottom to top and is sequentially provided with an interception net 201, a spray pipe 202, and a wire mesh filter 203. , decomposition mechanism 204 and activated carbon filter screen 205 are provided with decomposition input port 208 at the bottom end side of decomposition tower body 200, are provided with decomposition blowdown outlet 209 at the bottom of decomposition tower body 200, are provided with at the top of decomposition tower body 200 The circulation exhaust outlet 210 is provided with the decomposition exhaust outlet 207 at the top side of the decomposition tower body 200, and the circulation exhaust outlet 210 of the decomposition tower body 200 is communicated with the inlet end side of the air intake main pipe 8 by the circulation gas delivery pipe 210a On the circulation air pipe 210a and near the inlet end side of the air intake main pipe 8, a circulation induced draft fan 210b is installed, and the activated carbon filter screen 205 is arranged between the bottom of the circulation exhaust outlet 210 and the top of the decomposition mechanism 204 in a multi-layer inclined interval. between; the decomposition mechanism 204 is used to decompose the organic matter in the flue gas into small molecular products such as carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, which can not only quickly realize the complete decomposition of flue gas and organic pollution, but also make the flue gas more fully purified, making the The activated carbon adsorption material in the activated carbon filter screen 205 can be quickly regenerated, which is beneficial for the decomposed carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and other products to be used for acid recovery treatment; on the activated carbon filter screen 205 and the horizontal height is not greater than the height of the circulation exhaust outlet 210 A flue gas detection device 206 is arranged on it, and the flue gas detection device 206 is a flue gas sensor, which is used for real-time monitoring of the flue gas parameters processed in the decomposition tower body 200, whether it reaches the standard of purification treatment; the interception net 201 is an electrostatic The intercepting net can effectively filter out pollutants such as smoke and dust; the spray pipe 202 can flush the internal intercepting net 201 to ensure that the intercepting net 201 is kept clean, maintain the effect of absorbing and intercepting dirty substances in real time, and reduce interception Maintenance and cleaning of the net 201; the wire mesh filter 203 is an arc or conical mesh structure, which is used to filter out dust, oil and mist in the flue gas after decomposition; the activated carbon filter 205 is used to decompose After the flue gas is further finely adsorbed and filtered and rented out, the treatment effect of the flue gas is improved, thereby effectively solving the technical problems of the existing flue gas purification equipment that is not fine, incomplete and has a poor treatment effect.

According to another aspect of the present invention, with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, the present invention provides a harmful flue gas adsorption purification treatment method, the treatment method includes the following steps:

Step 1, the harmful smoke is sucked by the second negative pressure induced draft fan 100, and enters the inner chamber 9 of the adsorption box 4 respectively through the air intake manifold 8, and the harmful smoke is filtered through the sponge filter 19 and the activated carbon box 20 in turn. Adsorption, to achieve preliminary purification treatment;

Step 2, the harmful flue gas that is preliminarily purified and treated is sucked by the first negative pressure induced draft fan 1, and sent into the decomposition tower body 200 of the decomposition device through the exhaust main pipe 2, and is intercepted by electrostatic adsorption and wire mesh through the interception net 201. The filter 203 performs adsorption and filtration, the decomposition mechanism 204 performs purification and degradation, and the activated carbon filter 205 filters and absorbs to realize the purification and degradation of harmful smoke. After the harmful smoke is degraded, the activated carbon filter 205 can be the most effective for smoke, dust and other pollutants. filter; the decomposition mechanism 204 is a microwave plasma reactor, the microwave plasma reactor operating voltage is 10kV ~ 50kV, the power is 600 ~ 1200W, and the discharge time is 30s ~ 90s; the high voltage discharge status of the microwave plasma reactor The volatile organic compounds in the flue gas are decomposed into products such as carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, which achieves the decomposition of the flue gas and makes the flue gas more fully purified.

Step 3, the flue gas detection device 206 monitors the flue gas parameters for purification and degradation in real time. If the flue gas parameters are greater than the preset parameters, start the circulating induced draft fan 210b and send the flue gas into the adsorption box 4 through the circulating gas delivery pipe 210a and the main intake pipe 8 Carry out recirculation adsorption purification, if the flue gas parameter is less than the preset parameter, the flue gas that purifies and degrades is discharged from the decomposition exhaust outlet 210 of the decomposition tower body 200, and the harmful flue gas is purified and degraded in the space where the decomposition mechanism 204 is located, and then rises to The activated carbon filter 205 is filtered and adsorbed, and the harmful substances in the purified gas are monitored online by the smoke detection device 206. After the monitoring is qualified, they are discharged and sent to the next process by starting the gas outlet control valve 207a set on the decomposition exhaust outlet 207 Recycling, thus achieving the goal of high-efficiency purification of harmful flue gas;

Step 4, after the evolution process is completed, open the spray pipe 203, make the nozzle on the spray pipe 203 clean the interception net 201, and discharge the cleaning waste liquid from the decomposition sewage outlet 209, which is convenient to use and easy to operate, and can clean the internal The interception net 201 is flushed to ensure that the interception net 201 is kept clean, preventing excessive adsorption of dirty substances and losing the interception effect, thereby avoiding frequent replacement of activated carbon filter 205 and the activated carbon adsorption material inside the wire mesh filter layer 203, which is applicable Harmful flue gas treatment in different occasions and environments, the whole treatment system has strong applicability.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be It is regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system: the treatment system includes an adsorption device and a decomposition device, and is characterized in that: the exhaust port of the adsorption device is communicated with the gas inlet of the decomposition device through the main exhaust pipe (2), The adsorption device comprises an adsorption box (4), the interior of the adsorption box (4) is provided with a plurality of inner chambers (9), and the side walls of each inner chamber (9) are respectively provided with The exhaust branch pipe (3) connected to the exhaust main pipe (2) is provided with a partition (24) between adjacent inner chambers (9), and the inner wall of the partition (24) is provided with a chute (12) , the inside of the chute (12) is slidably connected with a slide plate (15), and the inside of the slide plate (15) is welded with a front sealing plate (5), and the rear side of the front sealing plate (5) is welded with a suction box (14), the inside of the adsorption box (14) is provided with a sponge filter screen (18), and the underside of the sponge filter screen (18) is provided with an activated carbon box (19), and the downside of the activated carbon box (19) is provided with A metal grid frame (21) is arranged. 2. A harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of first through holes are provided on the side wall of the adsorption box (4) on the side opposite to the exhaust branch pipe (3) (11), and on each first through hole (11), be connected with intake branch pipe (6), be connected with mist filter (7) at the entrance end of intake branch pipe (6), and mist filter (7) ) is connected to the intake main pipe (8), the first negative pressure induced draft fan (1) is arranged on the exhaust main pipe (2) near the air inlet end of the decomposition device, and at one end of the air intake main pipe (8) A second induced draft fan (100) is provided; the inlet end of the first negative pressure induced draft fan (1) is connected to the outlet end of the exhaust main pipe (2), and the outlet of the first negative pressure induced draft fan (1) is connected to the The air inlet of the decomposition device. 3. A kind of harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the decomposition device comprises a decomposition tower body (200) and is arranged in the decomposition tower body (200) sequentially from bottom to top Interception net (201), spray pipe (202), wire mesh filter (203), decomposition mechanism (204) and active carbon filter screen (205), are provided with decomposition row at the top side of decomposition tower body (200). Gas outlet (207), is provided with decomposition input port (208) at the bottom end side portion of decomposition tower body (200), is provided with decomposition blowdown outlet (209) at the bottom of decomposition tower body (200), in decomposition tower body ( The top of 200) is provided with circulation exhaust outlet (210), and the circulation exhaust outlet (210) of decomposing tower body (200) is communicated with the inlet end side of air intake main pipe (8) by circulation gas delivery pipe (210a), A circulating induced draft fan (210b) is installed on the circulating air delivery pipe (210a) and near the inlet end of the main intake pipe (8), on the active carbon filter screen (205) and the horizontal height is not greater than the circulating exhaust outlet (210 ) is provided with a smoke detection device (206) on the height position area. 4. A harmful fume adsorption and purification treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the metal grid frame (21) is welded on the inner wall of the adsorption box (14), and the activated carbon box (19) is placed on the metal Grid frame (21) upper end, and sponge filter screen (18) is placed on the upper end of gac box (19). 5. The harmful fume adsorption and purification treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the front end of the front sealing plate (5) is welded with a reinforcing plate (16), and the reinforcing plate (16) is located at the front Place the left and right sides of the sealing plate (5), and the inside of the reinforcing plate (16) is provided with a second mounting hole (17), the second mounting hole (17) and the first mounting hole ( 10) Position correspondence. 6. A harmful fume adsorption purification treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the front end of the front sealing plate (5) is welded with a handle (13), and the handle (13) is set as a rectangular frame body structure, and the handle (13) is provided with three levels. 7. A harmful fume adsorption and purification treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that a slot (23) is arranged between the adsorption boxes (14), and the slot (23) is connected to the partition ( 24) Corresponding plugging, and the upper end of the adsorption box (14) is set as an open opening, and the lower end of the adsorption box (14) is provided with a second through hole (22). 8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the activated carbon box (19) is provided with a metal grid plate structure on the outside, and the top of the grid plate is provided with a lifting concave groove (20), and the inside of the pulling groove (20) is provided with an arc-shaped lifting rod. 9. A treatment method utilizing the harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the treatment method comprises the following steps: Step 1, the harmful smoke is sucked by the second negative pressure induced draft fan (100), and enters the inner chamber (9) of the adsorption box (4) respectively through the intake manifold (8), and the harmful smoke passes through the sponge filter in turn (19), activated carbon box (20) is filtered and adsorbed, realizes preliminary purification treatment; Step 2, the harmful flue gas that is preliminarily purified and treated is sucked by the first negative pressure induced draft fan (1), and sent into the decomposition tower body (200) of the decomposition device through the exhaust main pipe (2), and passed through the intercepting net (201) Perform electrostatic adsorption interception, wire mesh filtration (203) for adsorption and filtration, decomposition mechanism (204) for purification and degradation, and activated carbon filter (205) for filtration and adsorption, so as to realize the purification and degradation of harmful smoke; Step 3, the flue gas detection device (206) monitors the flue gas parameters of purification and degradation in real time, if the flue gas parameters are greater than the preset parameters, start the circulating induced draft fan (210b) and pass through the circulating air delivery pipe (210a) and the main intake pipe (8) The flue gas is sent to the adsorption box (4) for recirculation adsorption purification, and if the flue gas parameter is less than the preset parameter, the purified and degraded flue gas is discharged from the decomposition exhaust outlet (210) of the decomposition tower body (200). Step 4, after the evolution process is completed, the spray pipe (203) is opened, the nozzle on the spray pipe (203) cleans the interception net (201), and the cleaning waste liquid is discharged from the decomposition sewage outlet (209). 10. The method for adsorption and purification of harmful flue gas according to claim 9, characterized in that, the decomposition mechanism (204) is a microwave plasma reactor, and the working voltage of the microwave plasma reactor is 10kV-50kV, The power is 600~1200W, and the discharge time is 30s~90s.

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