CN115671911A

CN115671911A - Harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system and treatment method

Info

Publication number: CN115671911A
Application number: CN202211317106.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李飞
Original assignee: Urban Environmental Protection Fangchenggang Co ltd
Current assignee: Urban Environmental Protection Fangchenggang Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-26
Filing date: 2022-10-26
Publication date: 2023-02-03

Abstract

The invention provides a harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system and a treatment method, wherein the treatment system comprises an adsorption device and a decomposition device, an exhaust port of the adsorption device is communicated with an air inlet of the decomposition device through an exhaust main pipe, the adsorption device comprises an adsorption box, a plurality of inner chambers are arranged inside the adsorption box, exhaust branch pipes communicated with the exhaust main pipe are respectively arranged on the side wall of each inner chamber, a partition plate is arranged between the adjacent inner chambers, a sliding groove is formed in the inner wall of the partition plate, a sliding plate is connected inside the sliding groove in a sliding mode, a front sealing plate is welded on the inner side of the sliding plate, an adsorption box is welded on the rear side of the front sealing plate, a sponge filter screen is arranged inside the adsorption box, an activated carbon box is arranged on the lower side of the sponge filter screen, and a metal net rack is arranged on the lower side of the activated carbon box. The treatment method realizes the circulating filtration and the impurity adsorption, and realizes the interception, the decomposition and the adsorption of the flue gas through the decomposition tower body, thereby realizing the refined purification treatment.

Description

Harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system and treatment method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of waste gas purification, in particular to a harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system and a treatment method.

Background

In the fields of smelting, chemical engineering, garbage treatment, industrial production, organic waste incineration and the like, a large amount of organic waste gas such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, flue gas, harmful substances and the like are generated, so that the problems of desulfurization and denitrification treatment are required when organic waste such as flue gas, harmful substances and the like is discharged, and thus, a series of problems such as difficult selection of a flue gas desulfurization system, large occupied area, high investment, large manpower investment and the like are caused when various enterprises perform flue gas desulfurization and denitrification treatment. At present, when flue gas and harmful substances are treated, the flue gas and the harmful substances are firstly decomposed, cooled and preliminarily adsorbed in a high-temperature pretreatment system at 100-200 ℃ and then sent into an activated carbon adsorption and desorption device for retreatment, not only the occupied area of each system is large, but also the system is not fine enough and cannot completely adsorb the discharged harmful substances, and the activated carbon adsorption and desorption device reaches an adsorption saturation state after being used for a long time, so that the harmful substances are not completely adsorbed and the phenomenon of incomplete treatment occurs, thereby reducing the purification effect, and the reduction of the adsorption efficiency can be caused by untimely replacement.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system and a treatment method. In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

according to one aspect of the invention, the harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system comprises an adsorption device and a decomposition device, wherein an exhaust port of the adsorption device is communicated with an air inlet of the decomposition device through an exhaust main pipe, the adsorption device comprises an adsorption box, a plurality of inner chambers are arranged inside the adsorption box, exhaust branch pipes communicated with the exhaust main pipe are respectively arranged on the side wall of each inner chamber, a partition plate is arranged between every two adjacent inner chambers, a sliding groove is formed in the inner wall of each partition plate, a sliding plate is connected inside the sliding groove in a sliding mode, a front seal plate is welded on the inner side of the sliding plate, an adsorption box is welded on the rear side of the front seal plate, a sponge filter screen is arranged inside the adsorption box, an activated carbon box is arranged on the lower side of the sponge filter screen, and a metal net rack is arranged on the lower side of the activated carbon box.

Furthermore, a plurality of first through holes are formed in the side wall of the adsorption box on one side opposite to the exhaust branch pipes, an air inlet branch pipe is connected to each first through hole, a fog filter is connected to the inlet end of each air inlet branch pipe, an air inlet main pipe is connected to the inlet end of each fog filter, a first negative pressure induced draft fan is arranged on the exhaust main pipe close to one end of an air inlet of the decomposition device, and a second induced draft fan is arranged at one end of each air inlet main pipe; the inlet end of the first negative pressure draught fan is connected with the outlet end of the exhaust main pipe, and the outlet of the first negative pressure draught fan is communicated with the gas inlet of the decomposing device.

Further, decomposition device is including decomposing the tower body and setting up by supreme interception net that has set gradually down in decomposing the tower body, the shower, the wire mesh filters, decomposition mechanism and active carbon filter screen, bottom lateral part at decomposing the tower body is provided with the decomposition input port, bottom at decomposing the tower body is provided with the decomposition drain, top at decomposing the tower body is provided with the circulation exhaust outlet, top lateral part at decomposing the tower body is provided with the decomposition exhaust outlet, the circulation exhaust outlet of decomposing the tower body passes through circulation gas-supply pipe and inlet manifold's entry end one side intercommunication, just be close to inlet manifold's entry end one side on the circulation gas-supply pipe and install the circulation draught fan, be provided with smoke detection device on the high regional position that the level is not more than the circulation exhaust outlet on the active carbon filter screen.

Further, the metal net rack is welded on the inner wall of the adsorption box, the activated carbon box is placed at the upper end of the metal net rack, and the sponge filter screen is placed at the upper end of the activated carbon box.

Furthermore, the front end of the front sealing plate is welded with reinforcing plates, the reinforcing plates are located on the left side and the right side of the front sealing plate, second mounting holes are formed in the reinforcing plates, and the second mounting holes correspond to the first mounting holes formed in the front end of the partition plate.

Furthermore, the front end welding of leading shrouding has the handle, and the handle sets up to rectangle frame structure to the handle is provided with the horizontally three.

Furthermore, a slot is arranged between the adsorption boxes and is correspondingly spliced with the partition plate, the upper ends of the adsorption boxes are open, and a second through hole is formed in the lower ends of the adsorption boxes.

Furthermore, a metal grid plate structure is arranged on the outer side of the activated carbon box, a lifting groove is formed in the upper end of the grid plate, and a lifting rod with an arc-shaped structure is arranged inside the lifting groove.

According to another aspect of the invention, the invention provides a harmful flue gas adsorption purification treatment method, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, harmful flue gas is sucked by a second negative pressure draught fan and respectively enters an inner cavity of an adsorption box through a main gas inlet pipe, and the harmful flue gas is sequentially filtered and adsorbed by a sponge filter screen and an activated carbon box, so that primary purification treatment is realized;

step 2, sucking the harmful flue gas subjected to primary purification treatment by a first negative-pressure draught fan, sending the harmful flue gas into a decomposition tower body of a decomposition device through an exhaust main pipe, performing electrostatic adsorption interception through an interception net, performing adsorption filtration through a wire mesh, performing purification degradation through a decomposition mechanism, and performing filtration adsorption through an active carbon filter screen to realize purification degradation of the harmful flue gas;

and 3, monitoring the purification and degradation smoke parameters in real time by the smoke detection device, starting a circulating induced draft fan and sending the smoke into an adsorption box through a circulating gas conveying pipe and a gas inlet main pipe for secondary circulating adsorption and purification if the smoke parameters are larger than preset parameters, and discharging the purified and degraded smoke from a decomposition exhaust outlet of the decomposition tower body if the smoke parameters are smaller than the preset parameters.

And 4, after the evolution treatment is finished, starting the spray pipe to enable a spray head on the spray pipe to clean the interception net, and discharging the cleaning waste liquid from a decomposition sewage outlet.

Further preferably, the decomposition mechanism is a microwave plasma reactor, the operating voltage of the microwave plasma reactor is 10kV to 50kV, the power is 600W to 1200W, and the discharge time is 30s to 90s.

The invention has the advantages that the precipitation treatment system realizes the circulating filtration and the impurity adsorption, and the interception, the decomposition and the adsorption of the flue gas are realized through the decomposition tower body, so the refined purification treatment is realized; utilize baffle and spout inside the adsorption box, be convenient for slide the box through the slide and peg graft at interior cavity, then pass through the reinforcing plate, first mounting hole and second mounting hole, make to fix reinforcing plate and leading shrouding in the adsorption box front side through the bolt, realize seal installation, then through sponge filter screen and the active carbon box inside the adsorption box, be convenient for realize the filtration circulation of waste gas under the twitch of first negative pressure draught fan, when needing to dismantle and change the active carbon box, only need dismantle the bolt on the reinforcing plate, then pull out leading shrouding to the outside through the handle, and then can pull out the adsorption box, and then be convenient for take out the active carbon box from the uncovered of adsorption box upper end and change.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system principle structure of a harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an integrated structure of the adsorption tank according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an integrated structure of an adsorption cassette according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an internal structure of the adsorption cassette according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of an internal structure of the decomposition device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

1. A first negative pressure draught fan; 2. an exhaust manifold; 3. an exhaust branch pipe; 4. an adsorption tank; 5. a front closing plate; 6. an intake branch pipe; 7. a mist filter; 8. an intake manifold; 9. an inner chamber; 10. a first mounting hole; 11. a first through hole; 12. a chute; 13. a handle; 14. an adsorption box; 15. a slide plate; 16. a reinforcing plate; 17. a second mounting hole; 18. a sponge filter screen; 19. an activated carbon cartridge; 20. lifting the groove; 21. A metal net frame; 22. a second through hole; 23. a slot; 24. a partition plate; 200. a decomposition tower body; 201. an intercepting net; 202. a shower pipe; 203. filtering with a metal wire mesh; 204. a disassembly mechanism; 205. an active carbon filter screen; 206. a smoke detection device; 207. a decomposition exhaust outlet; 207a, an air outlet control valve; 208. a decomposition input port; 209. a sewage draining exit is decomposed; 210. a circulating exhaust outlet; 210a, a circulating gas conveying pipe; 210b, circulating induced draft fans.

Detailed Description

The following embodiments of the present invention are provided by way of specific examples, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic system schematic structure diagram of a purification processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic integrated structure diagram of an adsorption tank according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic integrated structure diagram of an adsorption cassette according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 4 is a schematic internal structure diagram of an adsorption cassette according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the invention provides a harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system, which comprises an adsorption device and a decomposition device, wherein an exhaust port of the adsorption device is communicated with an air inlet of the decomposition device through an exhaust main pipe 2, and the adsorption device comprises a first negative pressure induced draft fan 1, an adsorption box 4, a front-mounted closing plate 5 and an adsorption box 14. Specifically, the inside of adsorption box 4 is provided with a plurality of interior chambers 9, establish respectively on the lateral wall of every interior chamber 9 be provided with exhaust branch 3 of 2 intercommunications of exhaust manifold is provided with baffle 24 between adjacent interior chamber 9 to spout 12 has been seted up to the inner wall of baffle 24, the inside sliding connection of spout 12 has slide 15, and the inboard welding of slide 15 has leading shrouding 5 to the rear side welding of leading shrouding 5 has adsorbed box 14, the inside of adsorbing box 14 is provided with sponge filter screen 18, and sponge filter screen 18's downside is provided with activated carbon box 19 to activated carbon box 19's downside is provided with metal net rack 21.

In the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of first through holes 11 are formed in the side wall of the adsorption box 4 on one side opposite to the exhaust branch pipe 3, an air inlet branch pipe 6 is connected to each first through hole 11, a fog filter 7 is connected to the inlet end of each air inlet branch pipe 6, an air inlet header pipe 8 is connected to the inlet end of each fog filter 7, a first negative pressure induced draft fan 1 is arranged on an exhaust header pipe 2 close to one end of an air inlet of the decomposition device, and a second induced draft fan 100 is arranged at one end of each air inlet header pipe 8; the entry end of first negative pressure draught fan 1 is connected with exhaust manifold 2's exit end, at the export intercommunication of first negative pressure draught fan 1 the gas inlet of decomposition device, in this embodiment, exhaust manifold 2 is independently connected respectively with the exhaust branch 3 of entry end, the one end that first negative pressure draught fan 1 was kept away from to exhaust manifold 2 sets up to the shutoff end, in this embodiment, the flue gas output tube is connected to inlet manifold 8's one end, harmful flue gas passes through the flue gas conveyer pipe and gets into inlet manifold 8, the inlet manifold 8 other end sets up to the shutoff end, the flue gas is sent into each inner chamber 9 in adsorption tank 4 respectively through inlet manifold 8 and is adsorbed the filtration, detach the harmful substance in the flue gas.

In this embodiment, a metal net frame 21 is welded on the inner wall of the adsorption box 14, and the activated carbon box 19 is placed on the upper end of the metal net frame 21, and the sponge filter 18 is placed on the upper end of the activated carbon box 19; the outside of active carbon box 19 is provided with metal grid plate structure, and the grid plate upper end has been seted up and has been carried and draw recess 20 to carry the pull rod that the inside of carrying recess 20 was provided with the arc structure, active carbon box 19 wholly has the gas permeability, and active carbon box 19's inside is provided with the active carbon granule. Through carrying the inside arc of drawing recess 20 and carrying the pull rod, after taking out sponge filter screen 18 earlier when convenient to detach, handheld pull rod upwards takes out activated carbon box 19 again.

In this embodiment, the front end of the front sealing plate 5 is welded with the reinforcing plate 16, the reinforcing plate 16 is located on the left and right sides of the front sealing plate 5, the reinforcing plate 16 is provided with a second mounting hole 17 therein, and the second mounting hole 17 corresponds to the first mounting hole 10 provided on the front end of the partition plate 24. The reinforcing plate 16 reinforces the installation stability of the front sealing plate 5, and the front sealing plate 5 is arranged inside, and a silica gel sealing gasket is arranged on the inner surface of the slot 23 to reinforce the sealing performance of the connection with the partition plate 24. The handle 13 is welded to the front end of the front sealing plate 5, the handle 13 is of a rectangular frame structure, and the handles 13 are horizontally arranged in three.

In this embodiment, the handle 13 is used to facilitate pulling out the whole front sealing plate 5 to the outside, and secondly, the front sealing plate 5 is positioned outside to facilitate the upper, lower, left and right edges of the adsorption box 14 to be disposed, so as to facilitate the press-fit sealing with the outer edge of the adsorption box 4. A slot 23 is arranged between the adsorption boxes 14, the slot 23 is correspondingly inserted into the partition plate 24, the upper ends of the adsorption boxes 14 are open, and second through holes 22 are formed in the lower ends of the adsorption boxes 14.

In this embodiment, the opening of the adsorption box 14 facilitates the whole activated carbon box 19 to be taken out upward, and the adsorption box 14 does not slide out from the inside of the adsorption box 4, resulting in inconvenience of re-installation, and the second through hole 22 is communicated with the first through hole 11 in a vertical position.

The gas adsorption purification treatment system can effectively solve the problem that the existing activated carbon adsorption device is inconvenient to disassemble and replace an internal activated carbon box after long-term use, so that the adsorption efficiency is reduced, the adsorption box is conveniently inserted into an inner chamber in a sliding mode through a sliding plate by utilizing a partition plate and a sliding groove in the adsorption box, then the reinforcement plate 16 and the front sealing plate 5 are fixed on the front side of the adsorption box 4 through bolts through the reinforcement plate 16, the first mounting hole 10 and the second mounting hole 17 to realize sealed mounting, then the filtering and circulating of harmful smoke substances are conveniently realized under the drawing of the first negative pressure draught fan 1 through the sponge filter screen 18 and the activated carbon box 19 in the adsorption box 4, when the activated carbon box needs to be disassembled and replaced, only the bolts on the reinforcement plate are needed to be disassembled, then the front sealing plate 5 is pulled out outwards through the handle 13, so that the adsorption box 14 can be pulled out, and further the activated carbon box 14 can be conveniently taken out and replaced from an opening at the upper end of the adsorption box 14.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the decomposition device includes a decomposition tower body 200, and an intercepting screen 201, a shower pipe 202, a wire mesh filter 203, a decomposition mechanism 204, and an activated carbon filter 205 which are arranged in the decomposition tower body 200 from bottom to top in sequence, a decomposition input port 208 is arranged on a side portion of a bottom end of the decomposition tower body 200, a decomposition sewage discharge port 209 is arranged at a bottom of the decomposition tower body 200, a circulating exhaust outlet 210 is arranged at a top portion of the decomposition tower body 200, a decomposition exhaust outlet 207 is arranged on a side portion of a top end of the decomposition tower body 200, the circulating exhaust outlet 210 of the decomposition tower body 200 is communicated with one side of an inlet end of an air inlet header 8 through a circulating air pipe 210a, a circulating induced draft fan 210b is arranged on the circulating air pipe 210a and on one side of the inlet end close to the air inlet header 8, and the activated carbon filter 205 is arranged between a lower portion of the circulating exhaust outlet 210 and an upper portion of the decomposition mechanism 204 at a plurality of layers at oblique intervals; the decomposition mechanism 204 is used for decomposing organic matters in the flue gas into micromolecular products such as carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, so that complete decomposition of the flue gas and organic pollution can be quickly realized, the flue gas is more fully purified, the activated carbon adsorption material in the activated carbon filter screen 205 is quickly regenerated, and the decomposed products such as the carbon dioxide and the sulfur dioxide are favorably used for acid making recovery treatment; a flue gas detection device 206 is arranged on the activated carbon filter screen 205 at a height position where the horizontal height is not more than the height of the circulating exhaust outlet 210, and the flue gas detection device 206 is a flue gas sensor and is used for monitoring flue gas parameters processed in the decomposition tower body 200 in real time to determine whether the flue gas parameters meet the standard of purification treatment; the interception net 201 is an electrostatic interception net and can effectively filter pollutants such as smoke, dust and the like; the spray pipe 202 can flush the internal interception net 201, so that the interception net 201 is kept in a clean state, the effect of adsorbing and intercepting dirt substances is kept in real time, and the maintenance and cleaning of the interception net 201 are reduced; the metal wire mesh filter 203 is of an arc or conical net structure and is used for filtering out dust, oil stains and mist in the decomposed flue gas; the activated carbon filter screen 205 is used for further carrying out fine adsorption filtration and leasing treatment on the decomposed flue gas, so that the treatment effect of the flue gas is improved, and the technical problems of incompleteness, incompleteness and poor treatment effect of the existing flue gas purification equipment are effectively solved.

According to another aspect of the present invention, with reference to fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a harmful flue gas adsorption purification treatment method, which includes the following steps:

step 1, harmful flue gas is sucked by a second negative pressure draught fan 100 and respectively enters an inner chamber 9 of an adsorption box 4 through an air inlet main pipe 8, and the harmful flue gas is sequentially filtered and adsorbed by a sponge filter screen 19 and an activated carbon box 20, so that primary purification treatment is realized;

step 2, harmful flue gas subjected to primary purification treatment is sucked by a first negative pressure draught fan 1 and is sent into a decomposition tower body 200 of a decomposition device through an exhaust main pipe 2, electrostatic adsorption interception is performed through an interception net 201, adsorption filtration is performed through a wire mesh filter 203, purification degradation is performed through a decomposition mechanism 204, and filtration and adsorption are performed through an active carbon filter screen 205, so that purification degradation of the harmful flue gas is realized, and after the harmful flue gas is degraded, the active carbon filter screen 205 can filter pollutants such as smoke, dust and the like most effectively; the decomposition mechanism 204 is a microwave plasma reactor, the working voltage of the microwave plasma reactor is 10kV to 50kV, the power is 600W to 1200W, and the discharge time is 30s to 90s; volatile organic matters in the flue gas are decomposed into products such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and the like under the condition of high-voltage discharge of the microwave plasma reactor, so that the decomposition of the flue gas is realized, and the flue gas is more fully purified

Step 3, the flue gas detection device 206 monitors the flue gas parameters of purification degradation in real time, if the flue gas parameters are larger than preset parameters, the circulating induced draft fan 210b is started, the flue gas is sent into the adsorption box 4 through the circulating gas pipe 210a and the gas inlet main pipe 8 for secondary circulating adsorption purification, if the flue gas parameters are smaller than the preset parameters, the purified and degraded flue gas is discharged from the decomposition exhaust outlet 210 of the decomposition tower body 200, the harmful flue gas is purified and degraded in the space where the decomposition mechanism 204 is located, then the harmful flue gas rises to the activated carbon filter screen 205 for filtering and adsorption, the harmful substances in the purified gas are monitored on line by the flue gas detection device 206, after the monitoring is qualified, the purified gas is discharged through the gas outlet control valve 207a arranged on the decomposition exhaust outlet 207 and is sent to the next process for recycling, and therefore the target of high-efficiency purification of the harmful flue gas is achieved;

and 4, after the evolution treatment is finished, the spraying pipe 203 is opened, so that a spray head on the spraying pipe 203 cleans the intercepting net 201, cleaning waste liquid is discharged from the decomposition sewage outlet 209, the use process is convenient, the operation is simple, the internal intercepting net 201 can be washed, the intercepting net 201 is ensured to be kept in a clean state, the intercepting effect is prevented from being lost due to excessive adsorption of dirty substances, therefore, the active carbon adsorption materials in the active carbon filter screen 205 and the metal wire mesh filter layer 203 can be prevented from being frequently replaced, the method is suitable for different occasions, harmful flue gas treatment under different environments, and the whole treatment system has strong applicability.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system: the treatment system comprises an adsorption device and a decomposition device, and is characterized in that: adsorption equipment's gas vent passes through exhaust manifold (2) and decomposition device's income gas port intercommunication, adsorption equipment includes adsorption box (4), the inside of adsorption box (4) is provided with a plurality of interior chambers (9), establish on the lateral wall of every interior chamber (9) respectively be provided with exhaust branch (3) of exhaust manifold (2) intercommunication are provided with baffle (24) between adjacent interior chamber (9) to spout (12) have been seted up to the inner wall of baffle (24), the inside sliding connection of spout (12) has slide (15), and the inboard welding of slide (15) has leading shrouding (5), and the rear side welding of leading shrouding (5) has adsorption box (14), the inside of adsorption box (14) is provided with sponge filter screen (18), and the downside of sponge filter screen (18) is provided with activated carbon box (19) to the downside of activated carbon box (19) is provided with metal net rack (21).

2. The harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of first through holes (11) are formed in the side wall of the adsorption tank (4) on the side opposite to the exhaust branch pipe (3), an air inlet branch pipe (6) is connected to each first through hole (11), a mist filter (7) is connected to the inlet end of the air inlet branch pipe (6), an air inlet header pipe (8) is connected to the inlet end of the mist filter (7), a first negative pressure induced draft fan (1) is arranged on the exhaust header pipe (2) close to one end of an air inlet of the decomposition device, and a second induced draft fan (100) is arranged at one end of the air inlet header pipe (8); the inlet end of the first negative pressure draught fan (1) is connected with the outlet end of the exhaust main pipe (2), and the outlet of the first negative pressure draught fan (1) is communicated with the gas inlet of the decomposing device.

3. The harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system according to claim 2, wherein the decomposition device comprises a decomposition tower body (200) and a blocking net (201), a spraying pipe (202), a wire mesh filter (203), a decomposition mechanism (204) and an activated carbon filter screen (205) which are arranged in the decomposition tower body (200) from bottom to top in sequence, a decomposition exhaust outlet (207) is arranged at the top end side of the decomposition tower body (200), a decomposition input port (208) is arranged at the bottom end side of the decomposition tower body (200), a decomposition drain (209) is arranged at the bottom of the decomposition tower body (200), a circulating exhaust outlet (210) is arranged at the top of the decomposition tower body (200), the circulating exhaust outlet (210) of the decomposition tower body (200) is communicated with one side of the inlet end of the air inlet header pipe (8) through a circulating air conveying pipe (210 a), a circulating induced draft fan (210 b) is arranged on the circulating air conveying pipe (210 a) and on one side of the inlet end close to the air header pipe (8), and a flue gas detection device (206) is arranged on the activated carbon filter screen (205) at a height position which is not higher than the circulating exhaust outlet (210).

4. The harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the metal net rack (21) is welded on the inner wall of the adsorption box (14), the activated carbon box (19) is placed on the upper end of the metal net rack (21), and the sponge filter screen (18) is placed on the upper end of the activated carbon box (19).

5. The harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the front end of the front closing plate (5) is welded with the reinforcing plates (16), the reinforcing plates (16) are positioned at the left and right sides of the front closing plate (5), the reinforcing plates (16) are internally provided with second mounting holes (17), and the second mounting holes (17) correspond to the first mounting holes (10) formed at the front end of the partition plate (24).

6. The harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system according to claim 1, wherein a handle (13) is welded to the front end of the front sealing plate (5), the handle (13) is arranged in a rectangular frame structure, and the number of the handles (13) is three.

7. The harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system according to claim 1, wherein slots (23) are arranged between the adsorption boxes (14), the slots (23) are correspondingly inserted with the partition plates (24), the upper ends of the adsorption boxes (14) are open, and the lower ends of the adsorption boxes (14) are provided with second through holes (22).

8. The harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system according to claim 1, wherein a metal grid plate structure is arranged on the outer side of the activated carbon box (19), a lifting groove (20) is formed in the upper end of the grid plate, and a lifting rod with an arc-shaped structure is arranged inside the lifting groove (20).

9. A treatment method using the harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment system of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the treatment method comprises the following steps:

step 1, harmful flue gas is sucked by a second negative pressure draught fan (100) and respectively enters an inner chamber (9) of an adsorption box (4) through an air inlet main pipe (8), and the harmful flue gas is sequentially filtered and adsorbed by a sponge filter screen (19) and an activated carbon box (20), so that primary purification treatment is realized;

step 2, harmful flue gas subjected to primary purification treatment is sucked by a first negative pressure draught fan (1), and is sent into a decomposition tower body (200) of a decomposition device through an exhaust main pipe (2), and is subjected to electrostatic adsorption interception through an interception net (201), adsorption and filtration through a wire mesh filter (203), purification and degradation through a decomposition mechanism (204), and filtration and adsorption through an active carbon filter screen (205), so that the harmful flue gas is purified and degraded;

and 3, monitoring the purification and degradation smoke parameters in real time by the smoke detection device (206), if the smoke parameters are larger than preset parameters, starting the circulating induced draft fan (210 b), sending the smoke into the adsorption box (4) through the circulating gas conveying pipe (210 a) and the gas inlet main pipe (8) for secondary circulating adsorption and purification, and if the smoke parameters are smaller than the preset parameters, discharging the purification and degradation smoke from a decomposition exhaust outlet (210) of the decomposition tower body (200).

And 4, after the evolution treatment is finished, starting the spray pipe (203), enabling a spray head on the spray pipe (203) to clean the interception net (201), and discharging the cleaning waste liquid from the decomposition sewage outlet (209).

10. The harmful flue gas adsorption and purification treatment method according to claim 9, wherein the decomposition mechanism (204) is a microwave plasma reactor, the operating voltage of the microwave plasma reactor is 10kV to 50kV, the power of the microwave plasma reactor is 600W to 1200W, and the discharge time is 30s to 90s.