CN115670544A

CN115670544A - Breast bone spreader for drawing material of internal mammary artery

Info

Publication number: CN115670544A
Application number: CN202211322669.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 向俾桃; 李恺璇; 李佳
Original assignee: Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
Current assignee: Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
Priority date: 2022-10-27
Filing date: 2022-10-27
Publication date: 2023-02-03

Abstract

The invention relates to a sternum spreader for material taking of internal mammary artery, which comprises two shifting pieces for spreading a sternum, and further comprises an adjustable clamping mechanism, wherein an expansion mechanism is arranged on the clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism is used for fixing the expansion mechanism at a proper position on an operating table, the two shifting pieces are arranged on the expansion mechanism, the expansion mechanism enables the sternum to be spread by driving the two shifting pieces to be away from each other, a lifting mechanism is arranged on the expansion mechanism, and the expansion mechanism drives the two shifting pieces to be lifted upwards by the lifting mechanism in the process of driving the two shifting pieces to be away from each other. The sternum spreader for drawing materials from internal mammary arteries can be used for spreading the sternum in the horizontal direction and simultaneously lifting the sternum upwards by using the shifting sheet, so that the wound is effectively enlarged, the space of operability inside the wound is increased, a better spreading effect is achieved under the condition that a small force is applied to the sternum in the horizontal direction, and the risk of injury to the sternum is reduced.

Description

Breast bone spreader for drawing material of internal mammary artery

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of auxiliary appliances for thoracotomy, in particular to a sternum spreader for drawing materials of internal mammary artery.

Background

At present, in the operation of taking materials from internal mammary artery, two shifting pieces are driven to spread the sternum in the horizontal direction usually in a tooth form, in order to obtain a larger operation window, the mode can apply horizontal thrust to the sternum as much as possible, so that the sternum is stressed greatly and has a risk of fracture.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a sternum spreader for drawing materials of internal mammary artery, which solves the problems in the background technology. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a sternum spreader for taking materials of internal mammary arteries comprises two shifting pieces for spreading the sternum and an adjustable clamping mechanism, wherein an expansion mechanism is arranged on the clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism is used for fixing the expansion mechanism at a proper position on an operating table, the two shifting pieces are arranged on the expansion mechanism, the expansion mechanism enables the sternum to be spread by driving the two shifting pieces to be away from each other, a lifting mechanism is arranged on the expansion mechanism, and the two shifting pieces are driven by the expansion mechanism to be lifted upwards by the lifting mechanism in the process of driving the two shifting pieces to be away from each other by the expansion mechanism.

Preferably, the expansion mechanism comprises an adjusting plate, a first shaft rod is fixed in the middle of the adjusting plate, two strip-shaped through holes are symmetrically formed in two sides of the first shaft rod, the two strip-shaped through holes are formed in the adjusting plate, the directions of the two strip-shaped through holes are located on the same straight line, a fixed shaft of the shaft rod is rotatably connected to the middle point of the rocker, two ends of the rocker are hinged to sliding blocks through a first connecting rod, and the two sliding blocks are respectively connected into the two strip-shaped through holes in a sliding mode.

Preferably, a shaft bracket is fixed on the adjusting plate, a fixed shaft on the shaft bracket is rotatably connected with a screw, a rotary table is fixed at one end of the screw, a threaded sleeve is sleeved on the screw and is in threaded connection with one of the slide blocks, the threaded sleeve is fixedly connected with one of the slide blocks through a second connecting rod, and one end of the screw, which is far away from the rotary table, is in transmission connection with the clamping mechanism.

Preferably, be fixed with the cantilever on the slider, and two the mutual parallel arrangement of cantilever, cantilever perpendicular to regulating plate, two be fixed with the sliding sleeve on the cantilever lateral wall of one side mutually away from the body, and it has rack two, two to peg graft in the sliding sleeve the upper end of plectrum is fixed connection respectively two the lower extreme department of rack two, the lower extreme of plectrum is circular-arc, and two the plectrum is the splayed symmetry setting.

Preferably, the lifting mechanism comprises a second shaft rod rotationally connected to the cantilever through a fixed shaft, the second shaft rod and the cantilever are arranged in parallel, the two second racks are located on the outer sides of the two second shaft rods, a second gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to the second shaft rod, and the second gear is meshed with the corresponding second rack.

Preferably, one side of the adjusting plate, which is far away from the rocker, is fixed with a first rack, the first rack and the strip-shaped through hole are arranged in parallel, a first gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to a second shaft rod, and the first gear is meshed with teeth on the bottom surface of the first rack.

Preferably, the clamping mechanism comprises two clamping jaws, the clamping jaws are of a U shape with a downward opening, telescopic rods are hinged to the middle portions of the clamping jaws, and the two ends of the adjusting plate are fixedly connected with the upper ends of the telescopic rods through lapping rods.

Preferably, the medial surface of jack catch is seted up flutedly, the recess internal fixation has the round pin axle, it is connected with the semicircle board to sell epaxial dead axle rotation, and the circular arc profile of semicircle board is towards the middle part of jack catch, the position that round pin axle and semicircle board are connected is kept away from the centre of a circle of semicircle board and is close to the lower extreme position department of semicircle board, it is articulated through air rubber bag between the upper end of semicircle board and the inside wall of recess, run through and sliding connection ejector pin on the lateral wall of jack catch, and the one end that the ejector pin is located the recess can support with the lower extreme of semicircle board and detain the contact, the one end that the ejector pin is located the jack catch outside is connected with the jack catch through the spring.

Preferably, a containing cavity is formed in the clamping jaw, a pressure release valve communicated with the containing cavity is fixed on the clamping jaw, a channel is formed in the clamping jaw, one end of the channel is communicated with the containing cavity, and the other end of the channel is communicated with the rubber air bag through a second air pipe.

Preferably, a pump cylinder is fixed on the adjusting plate, a rotating shaft in the pump cylinder is rotatably connected with a reciprocating screw rod, the reciprocating screw rod is coaxially and fixedly connected with the screw rod, a piston plate is slidably connected in the pump cylinder, the reciprocating screw rod penetrates through and is slidably connected to the piston plate, a sliding rod parallel to the reciprocating screw rod is fixed in the pump cylinder, and the sliding rod penetrates through and is slidably connected to the piston plate.

Preferably, the two end parts of the pump cylinder are fixed and communicated with a first check valve and a second check valve, the first check valve is communicated with the accommodating cavity through a first air pipe, the conduction direction of the first check valve points to the accommodating cavity, and the conduction direction of the second check valve points to the inside of the pump cylinder.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the sternum distracter, the whole sternum distracter is fixed at a proper position on an operating table through the clamping mechanism, the two shifting pieces are driven to be away from each other through the expanding mechanism so as to distract the sternum, the two shifting pieces are driven to be lifted upwards through the lifting mechanism, the sternum is lifted upwards through the shifting pieces while being distracted in the horizontal direction through the expanding mechanism, so that the wound is effectively enlarged, the space of operability inside the wound is increased, a better distraction effect is achieved under the condition that a small force is applied to the sternum in the horizontal direction, the risk of injury to the sternum is reduced, and the clamping mechanism is arranged so that extra personnel are not needed to keep the stability of the distracted state of the sternum, so that time and labor are saved, and the operation difficulty is reduced.

According to the invention, the expansion mechanism drives the clamping mechanism to be more stably connected with the operating table in the process of driving the two shifting pieces to move, so that the adjusting plate is kept stable and immovable when the expansion mechanism adjusts the two shifting pieces, the sternum of a patient is prevented from being damaged, and the expansion mechanism is convenient to mount and dismount.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of the final assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a rear view of the adjustment plate structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the structure at A in FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the jaw of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a claw; 2. a telescopic rod; 3. an adjusting plate; 4. a first connecting rod; 5. a strip-shaped through hole; 6. a rocker; 7. a slider; 8. building a rod; 9. a one-way valve I; 10. a second one-way valve; 11. a first air pipe; 12. a pump barrel; 13. a reciprocating screw rod; 14. a piston plate; 15. a slide bar; 16. a screw; 17. a threaded sleeve; 18. a pedestal; 19. a turntable; 20. a second connecting rod; 21. a shifting sheet; 22. a first shaft lever; 23. a first rack; 24. a second gear; 25. a second shaft lever; 26. a cantilever; 27. a sliding sleeve; 28. a second rack; 29. a first gear; 30. a cavity; 31. a pressure relief valve; 32. a channel; 33. a second trachea; 34. a rubber air bag; 35. a semicircular plate; 36. a pin shaft; 37. a spring; 38. a top rod; 39. and (6) a groove.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a technical solution:

example 1

A sternum spreader for drawing material of internal mammary artery comprises two shifting pieces 21 used for spreading the sternum and an adjustable clamping mechanism, wherein an expansion mechanism is arranged on the clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism is used for fixing the expansion mechanism at a proper position on an operating table, the two shifting pieces 21 are arranged on the expansion mechanism, the expansion mechanism enables the sternum to be spread by driving the two shifting pieces 21 to be away from each other, a lifting mechanism is arranged on the expansion mechanism, and the two shifting pieces 21 are simultaneously driven by the lifting mechanism to be lifted upwards by the expansion mechanism in the process of driving the two shifting pieces 21 to be away from each other.

Example 2

The embodiment is realized on the basis of embodiment 1, wherein the expansion mechanism comprises an adjusting plate 3, a first shaft rod 22 is fixed in the middle of the adjusting plate 3, two strip-shaped through holes 5 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first shaft rod 22, the two strip-shaped through holes 5 are arranged on the adjusting plate 3, the directions of the two strip-shaped through holes 5 are on the same straight line, the first shaft rod 22 is fixedly connected to the middle point of a rocker 6 in a rotating manner, two ends of the rocker 6 are hinged to sliding blocks 7 through first connecting rods 4, the two first connecting rods 4 are arranged in parallel, the two sliding blocks 7 are respectively connected to the two strip-shaped through holes 5 in a sliding manner, a shaft bracket 18 is fixed on the adjusting plate 3, a screw 16 is rotatably connected to the shaft bracket 18 in a rotating manner, a rotating disc 19 is fixed to one end of the screw 16, a threaded sleeve 17 is sleeved on the screw 16 and is connected to the screw, the threaded sleeve 17 is fixedly connected to one of the sliding blocks 7 through second connecting rods 20, and one end of the screw 16, which is far away from the rotating disc 19, is in transmission connection with the clamping mechanism.

In this embodiment, be fixed with cantilever 26 on the slider 7, and two cantilever 26 is parallel to each other, and cantilever 26 perpendicular to regulating plate 3, two cantilever 26 is fixed with sliding sleeve 27 on the lateral wall of one side that backs on the back, and has pegged graft rack two 28 in the sliding sleeve 27, two the upper end of plectrum 21 is fixed connection respectively two the lower extreme department of rack two 28, the lower extreme of plectrum 21 is circular-arc, and two plectrum 21 is the splayed symmetry setting.

In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism includes a second shaft rod 25 rotatably connected to the cantilever 26 via a fixed shaft, the second shaft rod 25 and the cantilever 26 are arranged in parallel, two second racks 28 are located at outer sides of the two second shaft rods 25, a second gear 24 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the second shaft rod 25, the second gear 24 is meshed with the corresponding second rack 28, a first rack 23 is fixed to one side of the adjusting plate 3 away from the rocker 6, the first rack 23 and the strip-shaped through hole 5 are arranged in parallel, a first gear 29 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the second shaft rod 25, and the first gear 29 is meshed with teeth on the bottom surface of the first rack 23.

In this embodiment, clamping mechanism includes two jack catchs 1, and jack catchs 1 is the U-shaped form that opens downwards, and jack catchs 1's middle part articulates there is telescopic link 2, has the locking structure on the telescopic link 2, so that adjust telescopic link 2's length, and the both ends of regulating plate 3 are respectively through take the pole 8 with two the upper end fixed connection of telescopic link 2, recess 39 has been seted up to jack catchs 1's medial surface, recess 39 internal fixation has round pin axle 36, the fixed axis rotates on round pin axle 36 and is connected with semicircle board 35, and the circular arc profile of semicircle board 35 is towards jack catchs 1's middle part, the centre of a circle of semicircle board 35 and the lower extreme position department that is close to semicircle board 35 are kept away from to the position that round pin axle 36 is connected with semicircle board 35, it is articulated through rubber air bag 34 between the upper end of semicircle board 35 and the inside wall of recess 39, run through and sliding connection ejector pin 38 on jack catchs 1's the side wall, and the one end that ejector pin 38 is located recess 39 can support the lower extreme of semicircle board 35 and detain the contact, the one end that ejector pin 38 is located jack catchs 1 outer is connected with jack catchs 1 through spring 37 and jack catchs 1.

In the embodiment, a containing cavity 30 is formed in a clamping jaw 1, a pressure release valve 31 communicated with the containing cavity 30 is fixed on the clamping jaw 1, a channel 32 is formed in the clamping jaw 1, one end of the channel 32 is communicated with the containing cavity 30, the other end of the channel 32 is communicated with a rubber air bag 34 through an air pipe II 33, a pump barrel 12 is fixed on an adjusting plate 3, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected with a reciprocating screw 13 in the pump barrel 12, the reciprocating screw 13 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a screw 16, a piston plate 14 is slidably connected in the pump barrel 12, the reciprocating screw 13 is slidably connected on the piston plate 14 in a penetrating manner, a sliding rod 15 parallel to the reciprocating screw 13 is fixed in the pump barrel 12, the sliding rod 15 is slidably connected on the piston plate 14 in a penetrating manner, a one-way valve I9 and a one-way valve II 10 are fixed and communicated at two end parts of the pump barrel 12, the one-way valve I9 is communicated with the containing cavity 30 through the air pipe I11, the conducting direction of the one-way valve I9 points to the containing cavity 30, and the conducting direction of the two-way valve II 10 points to the inside of the pump barrel 12.

The working principle and the advantages of the invention are as follows: when the sternum spreader for drawing materials of internal mammary artery is used, the working process is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the clamping jaw 1 is clamped and sleeved at a proper position of a frame at the edge of an operating table, in the clamping and sleeving process, the force applied by the frame to the semi-circular plate 35 causes the semi-circular plate 35 to rotate counterclockwise in fig. 4 around the pin shaft 36, so that the semi-circular plate 35 has a tendency of being far away from the frame, and further the clamping and sleeving of the clamping jaw 1 on the frame are not hindered smoothly, which is convenient for the installation of the whole sternum distractor, after the clamping jaw 1 is installed, if the clamping jaw 1 moves upward, the friction force between the semi-circular plate 35 and the frame can cause the semi-circular plate 35 to rotate clockwise, so that the friction force between the semi-circular plate 35 and the frame is increased downward and sharply, the upward movement of the clamping jaw 1 is hindered, the clamping jaw 1 is prevented from being separated from the frame accidentally, and the stable reliability of the operating process is ensured.

After the claw 1 is installed, the height of the telescopic rod 2 is adjusted to enable the shifting piece 21 to be adaptive to the position of the wound so as to expand the sternum in the following process.

After the above operations are completed, the screw 16 is rotated by the hand-held rotating disc 19, so that the screw 16 drives the screw sleeve 17 to approach the shaft bracket 18 through screw transmission, so that the screw sleeve 17 drives the corresponding sliding block 7 to move towards the end of the corresponding adjusting plate 3 in the strip-shaped through hole 5 through the second connecting rod 20, and the sliding block 7 increases the included angle between the first connecting rod 4 and the rocker 6, so that the two sliding blocks 7 are away from each other in the horizontal direction, as shown in fig. 2, the two sliding blocks 7 move to synchronously drive the two cantilevers 26 to be away from each other, so that the two cantilever cylinder sliding sleeves 27 and the second rack 28 drive the two shifting pieces 21 to be away from each other, and the sternum is expanded in the horizontal direction.

As described above, the two cantilevers 26 are away from each other, and simultaneously, the two second shaft rods 25 are synchronously rotated in opposite directions under the matching action of the first rack 23 and the first two gears 29, as shown in fig. 3, so that the second gear 24 and the second rack 28 drive the corresponding shifting piece 21 to move upwards, the shifting piece 21 is used for lifting and pulling the sternum upwards while the sternum is expanded in the horizontal direction, so that the wound is effectively enlarged, the space of operability inside the wound is increased, a better expanding effect is achieved under the condition that a small force is applied in the horizontal direction of the sternum, the risk of injury to the sternum is reduced, and the arrangement of the clamping mechanism enables no additional personnel to keep stability of the expanded state of the sternum, so that time and labor are saved, and the operation difficulty is reduced.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the adjusting plate 3 is provided with a lighting lamp bundle, the lighting lamp bundle is electrically connected with a power supply, and the snake-shaped universal joint is connected to the adjusting plate 3, so that the lighting lamp bundle can provide lighting for the opened window, and light irradiation is brought while the space is increased, so that an operator does not need to take an artery in various body changing positions and postures, the labor intensity is reduced, and the practicability is improved.

After the operation is finished, the screw 16 is rotated reversely by the hand-held rotary disc 19, so that the screw 16 drives the screw sleeve 17 to move away from the shaft bracket 18 through thread transmission, so that the included angle between the first connecting rod 4 and the rocker 6 is reduced, and the two sliding blocks 7 are further close to each other in the horizontal direction, as shown in fig. 2, the two suspension arms 26 are driven to close to each other synchronously by the movement of the two sliding blocks 7, so that the two shifting pieces 21 are driven to close to each other and reset by the two suspension arm cylinder sliding sleeves 27 and the second rack 28, and the two shaft rods 25 are simultaneously driven to synchronously rotate in opposite directions under the matching action of the first rack 23 and the two first gears 29, as shown in fig. 3, so that the corresponding shifting pieces 21 are driven to move down and reset by the second gears 24 and the second rack 28, the sternum is loosened, and the operation is simple and convenient.

As described above, the screw 16 rotates forward or backward and simultaneously drives the reciprocating screw 13 to rotate, so that the reciprocating screw 13 drives the piston plate 14 to move in a reciprocating manner in the pump barrel 12, and the piston plate 14 applies a compression force and a suction force to the spaces on both sides alternately, because the conduction direction of the first check valve 9 points to the cavity 30, and the conduction direction of the second check valve 10 points to the inside of the pump barrel 12, when the suction force is applied to the inside of the pump barrel 12, air is sucked into the inside of the pump barrel 12 through the second check valve 10, and when the compression force is applied to the inside of the pump barrel 12, the air in the inside of the pump barrel 12 is conveyed into the cavity 30 through the first air pipe 11, and then the air is conveyed into the rubber air bag 34 through the channel 32 and the second air pipe 33, so that the rubber air bag 34 expands and applies a thrust force to the upper end of the half circular plate 35, so that the jaw 1 is connected with the frame more tightly, and the adjusting plate 3 is ensured to be kept stable and immovable when the expansion mechanism adjusts the two sternum shifting pieces 21, thereby avoiding damage to the patient, and the pressure is released after the air pressure in the cavity 30 is increased to a certain value.

When the claw 1 is taken down, the ejector rod 38 is pressed, so that the ejector rod 38 compresses the spring 37, the spring 37 obtains restoring force, the ejector rod 38 applies pushing force to the lower end of the semicircular plate 35 when the ejector rod 38 is pressed, the semicircular plate 35 rotates anticlockwise in fig. 4, the rubber air bag 34 is compressed, the rubber air bag is separated from the frame, the claw 1 is taken down from the frame conveniently, the operation is simple and convenient, and the ejector rod 38 is loosened to enable the ejector rod 38 to reset under the restoring force effect of the spring 37.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A breast bone spreader for drawing materials of internal mammary artery comprises two poking pieces (21) for spreading the breast bone, and is characterized in that: still include adjustable clamping mechanism, be provided with expander constructs on the clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism is used for fixing the suitable position on the operating table with expander constructs, two plectrum (21) set up on expander constructs, expander constructs through driving two plectrum (21) keep away from each other and make the sternum strut, the last lifting mechanism that is provided with of expander constructs, and expander constructs driving two plectrum (21) keep away from each other in-process drives two simultaneously through lifting mechanism plectrum (21) are upwards carried and are drawn.

2. The sternal spreader for drawing material from an internal mammary artery of claim 1, wherein: the expansion mechanism comprises an adjusting plate (3), a first shaft rod (22) is fixed in the middle of the adjusting plate (3), two bar-shaped through holes (5) are symmetrically formed in two sides of the first shaft rod (22), the two bar-shaped through holes (5) are formed in the adjusting plate (3), the bar-shaped through holes (5) are located in the same straight line in the moving direction, the first shaft rod (22) is rotatably connected to the middle position of a rocker (6) in a fixed shaft mode, sliding blocks (7) are hinged to two ends of the rocker (6) through a first connecting rod (4), and the sliding blocks (7) are respectively connected to the two bar-shaped through holes (5) in a sliding mode.

3. The sternal spreader for drawing material from an internal mammary artery of claim 2, wherein: the adjustable clamping device is characterized in that a shaft bracket (18) is fixed on the adjusting plate (3), a screw rod (16) is rotatably connected to the shaft bracket (18) in a fixed shaft mode, a rotary table (19) is fixed at one end of the screw rod (16), a threaded sleeve (17) is sleeved on the screw rod (16) and is in threaded connection with the screw sleeve, the threaded sleeve (17) is fixedly connected with one of the two sliding blocks (7) through a connecting rod (20), and one end, far away from the rotary table (19), of the screw rod (16) is in transmission connection with a clamping mechanism.

4. The sternal spreader for drawing material from an internal mammary artery of claim 2, wherein: be fixed with cantilever (26) on slider (7), and two cantilever (26) parallel arrangement each other, cantilever (26) perpendicular to regulating plate (3), two cantilever (26) are fixed with sliding sleeve (27) on the lateral wall of one side mutually away from the body, and have inserted rack two (28) in sliding sleeve (27), two the upper end difference fixed connection of plectrum (21) is two the lower extreme department of rack two (28), the lower extreme of plectrum (21) is circular-arc, and two plectrum (21) is the splayed symmetry and sets up.

5. The sternal spreader for drawing material into an internal mammary artery of claim 4, wherein: the upward lifting mechanism comprises a second shaft rod (25) which is connected to the cantilever (26) in a fixed-shaft rotating mode, the second shaft rod (25) and the cantilever (26) are arranged in parallel, the two second racks (28) are located on the outer sides of the two second shaft rods (25), a second gear (24) is fixedly connected to the second shaft rod (25) in a coaxial mode, and the second gear (24) is connected with the corresponding second rack (28) in a meshed mode.

6. The sternal spreader for drawing material into an internal mammary artery of claim 5, wherein: one side of the adjusting plate (3) departing from the rocker (6) is fixed with a first rack (23), the first rack (23) and the strip-shaped through hole (5) are arranged in parallel, a first gear (29) is coaxially and fixedly connected to a second shaft rod (25), and the first gear (29) is meshed with teeth on the bottom surface of the first rack (23).

7. The sternal spreader for drawing material into an internal mammary artery of claim 3, wherein: the clamping mechanism comprises two clamping jaws (1), the clamping jaws (1) are U-shaped with downward openings, the middle parts of the clamping jaws (1) are hinged with telescopic rods (2), and two ends of an adjusting plate (3) are fixedly connected with the upper ends of the telescopic rods (2) through lapping rods (8) respectively.

8. The sternal spreader for drawing material from an internal mammary artery of claim 7, wherein: the utility model discloses a clamping jaw (1) is characterized in that the medial surface of jack catch (1) is seted up flutedly (39), recess (39) internal fixation has round pin axle (36), the dead axle rotates on round pin axle (36) and is connected with semicircle board (35), and the circular arc profile of semicircle board (35) is towards the middle part of jack catch (1), the position that round pin axle (36) and semicircle board (35) are connected is kept away from the centre of a circle of semicircle board (35) and is close to the lower extreme position department of semicircle board (35), it is articulated through rubber air bag (34) between the upper end of semicircle board (35) and the inside wall of recess (39), run through and sliding connection ejector pin (38) on the lateral wall of jack catch (1), and ejector pin (38) are located the one end in recess (39) and can support the knot with the lower extreme of semicircle board (35) and contact, ejector pin (38) are located the outer one end of jack catch (1) and are connected with jack catch (1) through spring (37).

9. The sternal spreader for drawing material from an internal mammary artery of claim 8, wherein: the clamping jaw is characterized in that a containing cavity (30) is formed in the clamping jaw (1), a pressure release valve (31) communicated with the containing cavity (30) is fixed on the clamping jaw (1), a channel (32) is formed in the clamping jaw (1), one end of the channel (32) is communicated with the containing cavity (30), and the other end of the channel is communicated with a rubber air bag (34) through a second air pipe (33).

10. The sternal spreader for drawing material from an internal mammary artery of claim 9, wherein: be fixed with pump barrel (12) on regulating plate (3), pivot swivelling joint reciprocating screw rod (13) in pump barrel (12), and reciprocating screw rod (13) and screw rod (16) coaxial fixed connection, sliding connection has piston board (14) in pump barrel (12), reciprocating screw rod (13) run through and sliding connection is on piston board (14), pump barrel (12) internal fixation has slide bar (15) that parallels with reciprocating screw rod (13), slide bar (15) run through and sliding connection is on piston board (14), the both ends of pump barrel (12) are all fixed and feed through and are had check valve (9), check valve two (10), check valve one (9) are linked together through trachea one (11) and appearance chamber (30), the directional appearance chamber (30) of the direction of conducting through of check valve one (9), the directional pump barrel (12) inside of the direction of conducting through of check valve two (10).