CN115659453A - Working method for generating multi-layer point type residence based on building information matrix table - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a working method for generating a multi-layer point type residence based on a building information matrix table, which comprises the following steps: s1, establishing a building matrix table S2 based on plane functions and orientation constraints according to design requirements and design rules, and generating a topological model under the orientation constraints according to functional layout information parameters in the building matrix table; and S3, on the basis of the topological model, generating a floor plane based on a rectangular splicing method according to plane information parameters in the building matrix table, and then generating a three-dimensional model according to the facade information parameters. The method can quickly, efficiently and automatically generate the scheme model solution set according to the design requirement, and also has the advantages of reducing the time consumption of manually adjusting the model, reducing the cost, having complete solution set space, generating accurate function space preset information of the scheme and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of buildings, in particular to a working method for generating a multi-layer point type residence based on a building information matrix table.
Background
The multi-storey point type residential building is an important place for people to live and live, and people pay more and more attention to the level and convenience of living, so that the related design is more and more concerned and paid more attention. However, the existing multi-floor point type residence is generally designed by manually using AutoCAD, and the problems of low design speed, incapability of controlling design quality, high cost of later correction and the like exist.
With the development of the building design industry, in the design process of a multi-layer point type residence scheme, a parameterized model with a large amount of repetitive work is often required to be constructed, but the key problems of complicated steps, large calculation amount of multiple nodes of the existing topological model, errors in generating a planar shape by a circular multi-agent and the like still exist.
Therefore, how to provide a reasonable, efficient, accurate and mass-production multi-layer point type residential generation scheme is a technical problem to be urgently solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve the technical problems in the prior art, and particularly provides a working method for generating a multi-layer point type house based on a building information matrix table.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a working method for generating a multipoint type home based on a building information matrix table, comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing plane-based information and orientation constraint information according to design requirements and design rulesIsA building matrix table;
s2, generating a floor plane topological relation graph under the orientation constraint according to the functional layout information parameters in the building matrix table;
and S3, on the basis of the topological model, generating a floor plane based on a rectangular splicing method according to plane information parameters in the building matrix table, and then generating a three-dimensional model according to the facade information parameters.
Further, the S1 includes the steps of:
s1-1, determining design parameters according to design rules;
s1-2, establishing a building matrix table according to design parameters and design requirements; the design requirements include stiffness requirements and resiliency requirements. The rigidity requirement only needs to consider the requirements which need to be met during design, such as the standard mandatory requirement and the like; the elastic requirements are non-mandatory requirements related to scheme quality, and comprise sunshine, natural lighting, natural ventilation, carbon emission and sound insulation.
Further, the S1-2 comprises: respectively coding basic information parameters and layout information parameters, and then initializing plane information parameters and vertical plane information parameters to obtain a building information matrix table;
the building information matrix table is composed of a plurality of two-dimensional arrays and comprises an adjacent matrix table and building parameter information.
The adjacency matrix represents the connection relation of the functional space;
the building parameter information includes: basic information parameters, layout information parameters, plane information parameters and vertical face information parameters, and the design requirement information of the multi-layer point type residence is described and stored.
Further, the design parameters include: basic information, layout information, plane information and facade information;
the basic information includes: building zone bits, total building area, number of floors, number of stairs and entrances and exits and the number of floors;
the layout information parameters include: a sleeve structure, a spatial function, a spatial relationship and a spatial orientation;
the space function comprises an in-sleeve space and a public transport core, wherein the in-sleeve space comprises a main function space and a secondary function space;
the main functional space includes: the main lying, the secondary lying, the guest lying, the living room, the dining room, the kitchen, the toilet and the secondary function space comprise: balconies and toilets;
the public transportation core includes: hallways, walkways, traffic cores;
the spatial relationship comprises; the spaces are not connected, communicated and contained;
the spatial orientations include: east, west, south, north, middle;
the plane information parameters include: length-width ratio of functional space, area of positive board of functional space and configuration of main toilet;
the facade information parameters comprise: floor height, sill height, window wall area ratio, and window position.
Further, the S2 includes the steps of:
s2-1, calling a layout information parameter rectangular table in a building information matrix table to obtain the constraint of the position of each set of functional space, thereby reducing the solution space of a topological relation graph;
s2-2, performing one-dimensional grid division in different spatial orientations according to each set of models, wherein the grid number of the one-dimensional grid division is the number of functional spaces in the same spatial orientation;
s2-3, fully arranging the functional space topological points of each set of unit in the corresponding grid;
and S2-4, organizing layout information parameters of all types by taking a traffic core as a core, and generating all solutions of the floor plane topological relation graph.
The method can greatly reduce the solution space range and exclude some solution schemes which are reasonable in mathematics but unreasonable in the relative position relation of the functional space in the actual building design.
Further, the S3 includes the steps of:
s3-1, generating a functional space body: generating a functional space body according to plane information parameters in a building matrix table, and constraining the rationality of the functional space body by adopting the functional space area and the functional space length and width ratio;
s3-2, splicing functional space bodies: judging whether each functional space is rectangular, if the functional space is non-rectangular, unifying the functional spaces into a rectangular body by a segmentation method or a completion method; then splicing according to the shared edges of the functional spaces;
and S3-3, generating a three-dimensional model.
Further, the splicing according to the shared edge of each functional space includes the following steps:
s3-2-1, obtaining the connection form among all the functional spaces through the shared edge, wherein the connection form comprises linear connection, triangular connection, internal connection and annular connection;
s3-2-2, performing main function space splicing: judging whether an annular connection function space with a unique solution exists or not; if the functional space with the annular connection exists, splicing the functional space with the annular connection, otherwise, splicing the walkway and the entrance hall; then, splicing adjacent functional spaces in a stepwise circulating manner according to the spatial relationship;
s3-2-3, after splicing of all functional spaces is completed, cutting off redundant walkways to obtain a primary spliced sleeve-type plan;
s3-2-4, performing secondary function space splicing: after the sleeve type plane is spliced for the first time, the secondary function space is spliced to the auxiliary function space according to the sleeve type matrix table, and finally the sleeve type plane graph is generated.
Further, the S3-3 comprises the following steps:
s3-3-1, extracting the floor height (H) in the elevation information parameter according to the formulated building information matrix table q ) Giving a building sleeve type plane diagram, and converting the building sleeve type plane diagram into a three-dimensional model;
s3-3-2, determining the reasonable window-wall area ratio range of each functional space as a control parameter of window rationality, calculating the area of each window, and calculating the window width of each window according to the area of each window and the height of each window to complete window generation;
s3-3-3, completing vertical face windowing and generation of a suite type parameterized three-dimensional model according to the position of a window;
s3-3-4, completing window positioning and vertical face windowing on the wall surface to be windowed according to the window position coordinates;
and S3-3-5, finally generating a parameterized three-dimensional model according to the layer number information in the basic information parameters and the design rules.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the method and the device can generate the scheme model solution set quickly, efficiently and automatically according to design requirements, and also have the advantages of reducing the time consumption of manual model adjustment, reducing the cost, having complete solution set space, generating accurate function space preset information of the scheme and the like.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
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The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention for generating a multi-storey point type residential building based on a building information matrix table.
Fig. 2 is a type of spatial relationship of functional spaces according to the present invention, fig. 2 (a) is position-unconnected, fig. 2 (b) is position-connected (no door is provided), fig. 2 (c) is spatial-connected (door is provided), fig. 2 (d) is inclusive, fig. 2 (e) is a schematic diagram of spatial relationship combination of spatial functions, and fig. 2 (f) is a schematic diagram of spatial relationship combination of spatial functions.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the coordinate positioning of the window position of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the intra-sheath spatial topology of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the topology organization of the traffic core and the set type, FIG. 5 (a) shows two users with one elevator, and the sets of two users in FIG. 5 (a) are connected with the traffic core respectively, but the two users are not connected; FIG. 5 (b) shows two households on a single elevator, and in FIG. 5 (b), two household sets are connected to the traffic core respectively, and two households are also connected; fig. 5 (c) shows three floors in one elevator, and fig. 5 (d) shows four floors in one elevator.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the rules and topology of the computer-stored graph of the present invention, FIG. 6 (a) is a adjacency matrix, and FIG. 6 (b) is a schematic diagram of the topology.
Fig. 7 is a comparison diagram of a traditional and improved topological graph generation algorithm and a stationing model according to the present invention, where fig. 7 (a) is a general stationing model, and fig. 7 (b) is a stationing model showing orientation.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the generation of floor plan topology points according to the present invention, fig. 8 (a) is a method of representing spatial positions of functional spaces, and fig. 8 (b) is a method of representing spatial positions of an i-th set of models.
FIG. 9 is a functional space topological point combination diagram of the spatial orientation constraint of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of floor plan topology map generation of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of generating functional spatial shapes according to the present invention, fig. 11 (a) is a schematic diagram of generating functional spatial shapes, and fig. 11 (b) is a schematic diagram of correspondence between functional spatial shapes and topological relation diagrams.
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the basic rectangular tiling relationship of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic process diagram of a floor plan generating module according to the present invention, fig. 13 (a) is a schematic diagram of determining a functional space connection form, fig. 13 (b) is a schematic diagram of circular connection, fig. 13 (c) is a schematic diagram of sequential connection, fig. 13 (d) is a schematic diagram of one-time splicing, and fig. 13 (e) is a schematic diagram of two-time splicing.
Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of generating a three-dimensional model of a multipoint house according to the present invention, fig. 14 (a) is a schematic diagram of generating a floor plan, and fig. 14 (b) is a schematic diagram of generating a three-dimensional model.
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a multi-level point home-initialized three-dimensional model generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a plan layout view and three-dimensional model of solutions sets in accordance with a specific embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The specific working method of the invention is shown in fig. 1, and comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a building matrix table based on plane functions and orientation constraints according to design requirements and rules;
s1-1, according to the standard, typical house plane investigation and relevant literature data, summarizing and carding the design parameters of the design elements into: basic information, layout information, plane information, facade information and other parameters.
The generation of the building scheme is controlled through the parameters, the design requirement of the housing scheme is divided into a rigidity requirement and an elasticity requirement, the rigidity requirement is used as a constraint condition, and the elasticity requirement is used as an optimization target. The rigidity requirement is a requirement which must be met during design, such as a specification mandatory requirement and the like; the elastic requirements are not mandatory requirements but are closely related to the quality of the scheme, such as sunshine, natural lighting, natural ventilation, carbon emission, sound insulation and the like.
The value ranges of typical design parameters are obtained by combining the element selection principle, as shown in table 2, and are used for constructing a design rule parameter library, and related parameters can be selected by reference or determined according to requirements. The element selection principle is determined by specifying design elements and organization modes of the multi-layer point type house according to relevant specifications.
1. Basic information parameter
The basic information parameters are quantitative parameterized expression of the early basic information and design requirements of the scheme, and comprise the following steps: building zone, total building area, number of floors, number of stairs and entrances and exits, and number of floors.
According to the building location, the geographical location information of the building scheme is defined to judge the geographical position of the scheme project, and discrimination information is provided for calling a corresponding parameter information base to generate the scheme and selecting weather and other parameters by combining weather characteristics. The parameters such as the total building area, the number of floors, the positions/number of the entrance/exit of the stairs, the number of floors and the like are selected and set according to actual requirements.
2. Layout information parameter
The layout information of each functional space of the floor plane is basically described through layout information parameters, and the layout information parameters are composed of four parts, namely a sleeve type structure, a space function, a space relation and a space direction.
2.1 Sleeve Structure
The jacket type structure is a common multi-layer point type dwelling house jacket type space structure, and 6 space structure forms can be selected according to requirements as follows: 1 room 1, 1 kitchen 1 toilet, 2 room 2, 1 kitchen 1 toilet, 3 room 2, 1 kitchen 2 toilet, 4 room 2, 1 kitchen 2 toilet.
2.2 space function
The space function is the function that each space of multilayer point type house design element possesses, contains each function of space in the cover and public transport nuclear, and specific composition can select as required. The method comprises the steps of appointing functions for each space according to design requirements, matching other parameter information corresponding to each function space according to the space functions, and further generating a parameterized model of the multi-layer point type residence.
2.3 spatial relationships
The spatial connection relationship (spatial relationship) of each functional space of the multi-storey point type residential building can be divided into four basic types: unconnected, positionally connected, spatially connected, and contained, as in fig. 2 (a) - (d), and other types of spatial relationships are variations of the underlying spatial relationship type, such as fig. 2 (e) - (f). The relationship of each functional space is described by the above four basic spatial relationships to define the relative relationship of each functional space.
2.4 spatial orientation
The functional space orientation represents the orientation of each functional space, and is divided into: east, west, south, north, middle. The spatial orientation of the functional space is determined according to the design requirement, the general rule of the spatial orientation of each functional space is summarized according to the design specification and the related design experience, the suggested orientation of each functional space is obtained, the solution scheme with unreasonable orientation is reduced through the constraint of the spatial orientation, and the solution space range is reduced.
3. Plane information parameter
The plane information parameters mainly include functional spatial aspect ratio (K) ck ) Functional space area (A) d ) Functional space balcony area (A) yt ) Master and slave configuration (ZW) yn ). According to the design specification and practice research of the residential buildings, the face width and depth ranges of the residential buildings are shown in the table 3 and are used as constraint conditions generated by subsequent functional spaces so as to ensure the reasonability of the body of the residential buildings; and the value range of each functional space body can be calculated, and the value range can be used as a design optimization parameter and can be used as a design reference. The calculation method of each plane information parameter is as the formulas (3-1) to (3-4):
K ck ＝L q /W q (3-1)
A d ＝L q ·W q (3-2)
K ckmax ＝D qmax 2 /A d (3-3)
K ckmin ＝D qmin 2 /A d (3-4)
in the formula: k ck And A d Respectively is a function space length-width ratio and a function space area (square meter); l is q 、W q The functional space is long and wide (m); k is ckmax 、K ckmin Represents the maximum and minimum values of the aspect ratio of the functional space, and K ckmax Not more than 2.00, K ckmin Not less than 0.50; l is qmax 、L qmin Respectively represents the maximum and minimum values (m) of the functional space face width and depth, wherein D qmin <W q <D qmax 、D qmin <L q <D qmax 。
4. Elevation information parameters
The facade information parameters mainly control the reasonability of the windowing of each functional space facade of the multi-storey point type residence, and mainly comprise: layer height (H) q ) Height of windowsill (H) ct ) Height of window (H) c ) Window wall area ratio (K) cq ) Window position (C) wz )。
The floor height, the windowsill height and the window height are selected and set according to requirements and relevant specifications; determining the value range of the window-wall area ratio according to the architectural lighting design standard and the related thermal engineering standard, and determining the minimum window-to-floor area ratio K cdmin The minimum window area A required to be met by calculating the functional space cmin Further, the minimum window wall area ratio K of the functional space is obtained cqmin Determining the maximum window wall area ratio K of the functional space when the thermal performance requirement is met according to the relevant specifications cqmax Finally determining the window wall area ratio range K of each functional space cqmin ～K cqmax As a control parameter for window size; the position of the window is described by a coordinate positioning method, a plane rectangular coordinate system is established by taking the left lower angular point of each functional space wall surface as the origin of coordinates, and the absolute position (C) of the window is described by taking the central point of the bottom edge of the window as the coordinate point wzjd ) Referring to FIG. 3, the relative position of the wall surface is mapped to a range of (0-1 ) to indicate the relative position (C) wzxd ) (ii) a Width W of window c Then the window area A c And height H c The correlation parameters are determined by equations (3-5) to (3-8) and table 4:
K cq ＝A c /A q (3-5)
A cmin ＝A d ·K cdmin (3-6)
A q ＝W q ·H q (3-7)
W c ＝A c /H c (3-8)
in the formula: k cq 、A cmin 、A q 、W c The window wall area ratio of the functional space, the minimum windowing area meeting the specification, the area of the windowing wall surface and the width of the functional space window are respectively set. A. The c 、A d Respectively a functional space windowing and a functional space ground area (m) 2 )；W q 、H q Respectively representing the surface width and the layer height (m) of the functional space windowing wall surface; h c The window height (m) of the functional space; k is cdmin 、K cqmax The minimum window area ratio and the maximum window-wall ratio of the standard requirement of the lighting standard of the functional space are respectively, wherein K cqmin <K cq <K cqmax 。
S1-2, establishing a building matrix table:
the building information matrix table is a storage matrix which uses a two-dimensional array to represent design requirements, and is an extension of a traditional adjacent matrix table. Building parameter information is added on the basis of the functional space connection relationship so as to describe and store the design requirement information of the multi-storey point type residence, and the information comprises but is not limited to the following parameters: and parameters such as function layout information, plane scale information and facade scale information. The initial building information matrix table is created according to the set of model combinations and structures required by design, and comprises basic information parameters, layout information parameters, plane information parameters and vertical face information parameters, as shown in table 5. And sequentially establishing a building information matrix table, a topological relation diagram, a functional space shape, a floor plan diagram and a multi-layer point type house three-dimensional model through related parameters.
S1-2-1, basic information parameter coding
Basic information parameters are determined by building zone bits, total building area, number of floors, number of stairs and access openings and floor number information, building related parameter information is determined to provide basic constraint data for building generation, and related data can refer to a table 2.
S1-2-2, layout information parameter coding
The layout information parameter coding is used for coding the structure, the space function, the space relation, the space orientation and the like of the set of functional spaces and controlling the structure type, the function, the connection relation and the orientation of the set of functional spaces.
1. Sleeve type structure
The house type structure type is expressed by h room, i hall, j kitchen, k toilet, and a matrix table corresponding to each type is created according to the type structure, and the type structure type comprises: 1 room 1, 1 kitchen 1 toilet, 2 rooms 2, 1 kitchen 1 toilet, 3 rooms 2, 1 kitchen 2 toilet and 4 rooms 2, 1 kitchen 2 toilet.
2. Spatial functional coding
After the sleeve-type structure is determined, the building plane of each sleeve type is assumed to be W = { a = 0 ，a 1 ，a 2 ，…a n The set of points is subjected to set type plane coding with a n Simplified representation of each functional space, a certain room position a is firstly determined in the coding process 0 Then according to a 0 Determining a 1 And then, the coding of each functional space is completed in sequence.
3. Spatial relationship coding
The spatial relationship of each functional space of the building is represented by an adjacency matrix, and when the layout information parameters of each functional space are extracted, four spatial relationships are represented as follows: unconnected, connected in position, connected in space, contained, and assigned corresponding index numbers 0, 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
4. Spatial orientation coding
Five spatial orientations of each functional space: east, west, south, north and middle are respectively represented by index numbers E, W, S, N and M, and space orientation coding is carried out on each functional space according to the specification requirement and design experience.
S1-2-3, plane information parameter initialization
According to design requirements and experience, the length-width ratio (K) of the functional space in the set type ck ) Functional space area (A) d ) Functional space balcony area (A) yt ) Master and slave configuration (ZW) yn ) The setting is carried out, and the initial parameters can refer to tables 2 and 3.
S1-2-4, vertical face information parameter initialization
Layer height (H) of functional space according to requirement q ) Windowsill height (H) ct ) Height of window (H) c ) Window wall area ratio (K) cq ) Window position (C) wz ) Setting is carried out, and the information of the vertical surface of the multi-layer point type residential building is given so as to control the reasonability and the effect of the generation of the vertical surface.
The initial parameter information base of the multi-point type residence for calling is constructed by presetting the number of the multi-point type residence floors and the basic information of the nested structure, and the basic table is generated by calling the database through a program, so that the workload of manually establishing the building matrix table can be reduced.
S2, generating a topological model under the orientation constraint according to the functional layout information parameters in the building matrix table; converting into a topological relation graph according to design requirements;
the generation of the floor plan solution is performed starting from a planar topological relation, as shown in fig. 4. The organization form of the floor plane of the multi-layer point type residence is divided into: one elevator with two households, one elevator with three households and one elevator with four households. The traffic core is used as a core, and a set type topological organization is carried out around the traffic core, as shown in figure 5. When the floor plan design of the residence scheme is carried out, the number of floors is determined, a proper suite type structure is selected for design according to requirements, then the floor plan design is carried out, and then the building three-dimensional meta-model is constructed.
The connection relation of the functional space is represented by an adjacency matrix, the functional space is represented by plane vertexes of a topological relation graph, and connecting lines between the vertexes represent the functional space relation. Fig. 6 (a) and fig. 6 (b) are a reciprocal transformation adjacency matrix and topology, and 0 and 1 in fig. 6 (a) respectively represent that two objects in fig. 6 (b) are unconnected and connected.
The adjacency matrix is used as a conversion carrier, and a topology generation method of 'space relation-function layout information parameter (adjacency matrix) -topological relation graph (undirected graph)' is established. Each set type has its own layout information parameter to control the relationship of each function space in each set. By adopting the set type matrix table, the solution space of the topological relation graph can be obviously reduced through the constraint on the orientation of the functional space.
If the number of common functional spaces of a certain set of models is Q, and the numbers of the spatial orientations of east (E), west (W), south (S), north (N) and middle (M) are E, W, S, N and M, respectively, the functional spatial position stationing model (stationing model) has A = Q! Seed growing; the topological point generating area of the function space is limited according to the space orientation, and the point distribution model category can be reduced to A = E! W! S! N! M! . For example, as shown in FIG. 7 (a), the arrangement type is 12! = 479001600; the distribution model embodying the orientation is shown in FIG. 7 (b), which is arranged in a 3! 2! 3! 3! 1! =432 kinds.
And the floor planes use the traffic core as a core to organize all models, and the generation of the topological relational graph of the floor planes is completed according to the layout information parameters. The relative spatial position of each functional space corresponding to the topological point of the building can be represented by a spatial coordinate system by meshing the space, i.e. each functional room is abstracted into topological point positions, and the relative spatial position of each functional space is represented by the relative positional relationship of the topological point positions. And the limitation of the topological point location generation area is carried out through the orientation constraint, so that the solution space range can be obviously reduced. As shown in fig. 8, each functional space is abstracted into topology points, the relative spatial position of each functional space is represented by the relative positional relationship of the topology points, and the topology points representing each functional space are inserted into the center of the space-grid-generatable object.
In fig. 8 (a), the floor planes totally have i households, and the i-th household set type common function space number is Q i The number of functional spaces in the corresponding east (E), west (W), south (S), north (N) and middle (M) spatial directions is E i 、W i 、 S i 、N i 、M i . The method for arranging and combining the floor plane function space of the multi-layer point type residence by one-dimensional grid division can be as follows: (1) Dividing the relative spatial orientation of the space orientation into east (N), west (W), south (S), north (N) and middle (M) by taking each set of type as a unit according to the space orientation coding information; (2) And one-dimensional grid division is carried out according to the number of the functional spaces of each set of models in different spatial orientations as shown in figure 8 (b); (3) Then, all the model unit functional space topological points are arranged in the corresponding grids; (4) ThenAnd (3) solving all combination possibilities of the floor plane function space under the condition of setting layout information parameters by combining the set type combination mode provided by the S1-2. The method limits the spatial orientation to carry out permutation and combination, and the combination type of the above i sets of functional spaces is A i ＝E i ！·W i ！·S i ！·N i ！·M i | A All the combination types of the functional spaces of each set of the floor planes are A = | _ A i . Obviously, the method can greatly reduce the solution space range and exclude some solution schemes which are reasonable in mathematics but unreasonable in the relative position relation of functional spaces in actual building design.
The space directions of all the sets of functional spaces of the floor plane are constrained through design requirements, specifications and design experiences, and compared with the method for fully arranging all the functional spaces of the floor plane, the method can avoid the solution scheme with unreasonable space directions and obviously reduce the solution space. Assuming that the floor plane of a certain elevator two-apartment combination has 19 functional spaces in total, by using the method, in the case of spatial orientation constraints there are (1! · 1! · 3! · 3! · 1!) · (1! · 1! · 3! · 3! · 1!) =1296 combinations as in FIG. 9, each spatial topological point in the figure can represent any functional space of the spatial orientation, and only one of the combined solutions is shown in the figure. Obviously, the method generates the arrangement of the functional space topological points on the premise of carrying out the spatial orientation constraint on the functional space, thereby greatly simplifying the judgment process, shortening the calculation time of the solution scheme and reducing the requirement on the hardware configuration.
Generating topological point locations of each functional space on the basis of space constraint; then, defining the relative relation of each function space through the space relation; comparing the number of top points of the topological relation graph with the number of intersection points of the topological connecting lines according to the requirement of non-intersection of the space flow lines, if the top points are not equal to the number of intersection points of the topological connecting lines, excluding the solution for intersection of the flow lines, and if the top points are equal to the intersection points of the topological connecting lines, not intersecting the flow lines; finally, a topological relation scheme solution set which meets the requirements of orientation constraint, spatial relation and non-intersection of topological streamline is generated, as shown in FIG. 10.
And S3, on the basis of the topological model, generating a floor plane based on a rectangular splicing method according to plane information parameters in the building matrix table, and then generating a three-dimensional model according to the facade information parameters.
S3-1, functional space shape generation
In S2, the generation of the multi-layer point type residential floor plane topological relation diagram has been completed, and this section completes the generation of each functional space shape, considering the functional space as a rectangle, as shown in fig. 11 (a); on the basis of generating the topological relation graph and the functional space shape, corresponding the functional space shape and the topological space point position as shown in fig. 11 (b) to generate the floor plane splicing of S3-2.
The generation method of functional space form is described in detail in the above 3. Plane information parameters, the functional space form is generated according to the plane information parameters in the building matrix table, and the functional space area (A) is adopted d ) Functional space aspect ratio (K) ck ) The rationality of the functional space shape is constrained as shown in fig. 11 (a).
S3-2, functional space form splicing
The generation of the function space in the multi-layer point type dwelling house sleeve takes a regular rectangle as a main research object, the layout of the regular rectangle is considered as a rectangular layout problem, and a design scheme solution which tends to be optimal can be obtained through algorithm evolution. In the process of generating the floor plane by splicing, the non-rectangular functional spaces are unified into a rectangular body by a segmentation method or a completion method.
The rectangular units are spliced by generating a common edge, which can be summarized as: the four basic forms of linear connection, triangular connection, internal connection and annular connection are shown in fig. 12, and other node relations and connection forms are formed by overlapping the four basic connection forms.
Based on the rectangular splicing method, judging the connection form of each functional space of the topological relation graph generated under the set spatial relation; and then, the functional space bodies are sequentially connected through a rectangular splicing rule to generate a multi-layer point type residential floor plan in a combined mode, a secondary space balcony and a main guard are connected to the attached functional space according to set requirements, and finally a multi-layer point type residential floor plan is formed, as shown in fig. 14 (a).
As shown in fig. 12, the main functional spaces are connected by the shared edges, and the specific method is discussed in detail above, and the connection relationship between the nodes of each functional space is determined by the program in this section as shown in fig. 13 (a), and the connection relationship between the functional spaces is divided into an annular connection (four-point connection), a triangular connection (three-point connection), and the like, such as the connection between the hallway, the kitchen, the dining room, and the walkway in the suite a is an annular connection.
In the floor plane of the multi-floor point type residence, each entrance hall is connected with a traffic core, a plurality of walkways are connected with the entrance hall and are in strip shapes, and functional spaces in other sets of buildings are organized around the walkways, so that the walkways are abstracted into rays connected with the entrance halls by connecting each entrance hall with the traffic core and are taken as cores, and the functional spaces in other sets of buildings gradually shrink around the walkways to complete the splicing of the floor plane. The floor plane splicing items are divided into two parts of splicing a main functional space and a secondary functional space (a balcony and a toilet).
Splicing the main function space, firstly judging whether an annular connection function space with unique solution exists: if the functional space with the annular connection exists, splicing the functional space with the annular connection firstly, as shown in fig. 13 (b), otherwise, splicing the walkway and the entrance hall firstly, as shown in fig. 13 (c); and then splicing adjacent functional spaces step by step circularly according to the spatial relationship. After all the functional spaces are spliced, the redundant walkways are cut off to obtain a primary spliced sleeve type plan view, as shown in fig. 13 (d).
And (4) secondary function space splicing, namely after primary splicing of the sleeve-type plane is completed, generating bodies such as a balcony, a main toilet and the like according to the requirements of configuration of the balcony and the toilet in the sleeve-type matrix table, splicing the bodies to the auxiliary function space for the second time, and finally completing generation of a sleeve-type plane diagram, as shown in fig. 13 (e).
S3-3, three-dimensional model Generation
After the pre-step of generating the floor plane of the multi-point type residence is completed, the floor plane needs to be converted into a building three-dimensional model, and the generation of the building vertical face is mainly involved.
The method mainly takes the control of facade windowing as the main part when building a facade of a building, and the rationality of the facade windowing is controlled by facade information parameters in a sleeve type matrix table, and mainly comprises the following steps: height of window (H) c ) Window and its manufacturing methodWall area ratio (K) cq ) Window position (C) wz ) Layer height (H) q )。
(1) Firstly, extracting the floor height (H) in the elevation information parameter according to the established building information matrix table q ) And giving a building sleeve type plane graph, converting the plane graph into a three-dimensional model, and selecting and setting parameter values according to requirements and relevant specifications. (2) Secondly, determining the reasonable window wall area ratio (K) of each functional space cq ) Range, as a control parameter for window rationality, and then calculate each window area (A) c ) According to the area (A) of each window c ) And window height (H) c ) Calculate its window width (W) c ) Finishing window generation, wherein relevant parameters are expressed by formulas (3-5) - (3-8); (3) Then, according to the window position (C) wz ) And completing the vertical face windowing and the generation of the suite type parameterized three-dimensional model. Window position (C) wz ) Describing by adopting a coordinate positioning method, establishing a plane rectangular coordinate system by taking the left lower corner point of each functional space wall surface as the origin of coordinates, and describing the window position (C) by taking the relative position of the window center point on the wall surface as a coordinate point wz ) (ii) a (4) Then from the window position (C) wz ) Completing window positioning and vertical face windowing on the wall surface to be windowed by the coordinates; (5) Finally generating a parameterized three-dimensional model according to the layer number information and the design rule in the basic information parameters, and constructing a performance model as shown in fig. 14 (b).
Based on the method provided by the text, a parameterized modeling software Rhino & Grasshopper (RH & GH) is adopted as a development platform to build a program for parameterized generation and optimization of a house suite type scheme. The program mainly comprises the following steps: three modules of sleeve type parameterization generation, sleeve type optimal design and sleeve type performance simulation. The generating module is used for compiling by combining a text parameterization model generating method through GH visual programming technology and Python scripting language; the optimization module selects Octopus with SPEA2 as an algorithm core as an intelligent optimization kernel; and the performance simulation module can be accessed into the performance simulation port in a user-defined mode according to requirements.
The application scenes of the method are as follows: data are input through equipment such as a mobile phone or a computer and then uploaded to a server, and a user finally selects a scheme after various schemes are obtained through the method.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the project zone is Nanning; 6 total building layers; the sleeve type combination form is one ladder for two households, the sleeve type is 3 rooms, 2 halls, 1 kitchen and 1 toilet, and the two sets of bodies are ensured to be symmetrical; each set of entrance hall of the floor plane is connected with the traffic core, and the layout requirements in the set are as follows: the entrance hall is communicated with the walkway, the walkway is communicated with the dining room, the living room and 3 bedrooms (main bedroom, secondary bedroom and guest bedroom), the dining room is communicated with the kitchen and the living balcony, the living room is communicated with the landscape balcony 1, the main bedroom is communicated with the secondary bedroom and the landscape balcony 2, the north room is the guest bedroom, the toilet, the dining room and the kitchen, and the south room is the living room, the main bedroom and the secondary bedroom.
And finally drawing a building matrix table as shown in table 6 according to design requirements, and carrying out coding initialization on the building information matrix table, wherein the building information matrix table comprises basic information parameters, layout information parameters, plane information parameters and vertical surface information parameters, and the coding meanings of the basic information parameters, the layout information parameters, the plane information parameters and the vertical surface information parameters are as follows.
Basic information parameters: the building area is Nanning; the total building area is 1200-1300 square meters; the number of the floor users is one elevator and two floors; the number of stairs and entrances and exits is 1; the number of layers 6. Layout information parameters: the functional space is set A for main lying, secondary lying, sitting, living room, dining room, kitchen, toilet, entrance room and walkway, and set B for main lying, secondary lying, sitting, living room, dining room, kitchen, toilet, entrance room, walkway and traffic core, which are respectively coded as a 0 、a 1 、a 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 、a 6 、 a 7 、a 8 、b 0 、b 1 、b 2 、b 3 、b 4 、b 5 、b 6 、b 7 、b 8 A traffic core; the spatial connection and the spatial orientation are set in table 6, and the spatial connection means: 0 (unconnected), 1 (connected in position), 2 (connected in space), and 3 (contained); spatial orientation meaning: e (east), W (west), S (south), N (north) and M (middle). Plane information parameters: functional spatial aspect ratio (K) ck ) Taking a default value calculated by a program according to a specification; functional space area (A) d ) Functional space balcony area (A) yt ) Is set as 15.00 square meters per 5.00 square meters per horizontal, 11.00 square meters per 0 square meter per horizontal and one square meter per horizontalThe square floor is characterized in that the floor has the advantages that 12.00 square meters per square meter horizontal, 4.00 square meters per square meter of living room, 3.00 square meters per square meter of dining room, 6.00 square meters per square meter of kitchen, 2.00 square meters per square meter of kitchen, 6.00 square meters per square meter of washroom, 5.00 square meters per square meter of lobby, 0 square meter and no limitation on walking area; master satellite configuration (ZW) yn ) Set to none (0). Elevation information parameters: layer height (H) q ) 2.8 to 3.3m; windowsill height (H) ct ) Is 0.9m; height of window (H) c ) Is 1.8m; window wall area ratio (K) cq ) Calculating according to the method in the elevation information parameters, so that the reasonable value range of the lighting design specification on the window wall area ratio requirement can be met; window position (C) wz ) Relative position (C) using program defaults wzxd ) Is (0.5,H ct /H q )。
According to the design requirements and the building information matrix table established in table 6, the topological relation diagram and the functional space body of the floor plane are generated, the rectangular functional space is spliced in sequence, the two-dimensional plane diagram is generated, and finally the initialized three-dimensional simplified model is generated, wherein the whole generation flow is shown in fig. 15.
An initial solution set is generated according to the design conditions provided above, the solution set of the case includes a suggested value range of related design parameters and a plurality of spatial layout solutions, and each layout solution selects one initial solution to be displayed as shown in table 7 and fig. 16.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A working method for generating a multi-layer point type house based on a building information matrix table is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing a building matrix table based on plane information and orientation constraint information according to design requirements and design rules;
s2, generating a floor plane topological relation graph under the orientation constraint according to the functional layout information parameters in the building matrix table;
and S3, on the basis of the topological model, generating a floor plane based on a rectangular splicing method according to plane information parameters in the building matrix table, and then generating a three-dimensional model according to elevation information parameters.
2. The operating method of the multipoint type home based on the building information matrix table as claimed in claim 1, wherein the S1 comprises the steps of:
s1-1, determining design parameters according to design rules;
s1-2, establishing a building matrix table according to design parameters and design requirements; the design requirements include stiffness requirements and resiliency requirements.
3. The operating method of generating a multipoint house according to claim 2, wherein the S1-2 comprises: respectively coding basic information parameters and layout information parameters, and then initializing plane information parameters and vertical plane information parameters to obtain a building information matrix table;
the building information matrix table is composed of a plurality of two-dimensional arrays and comprises an adjacent matrix table and building parameter information.
4. The operating method of generating the multipoint type home according to claim 2, wherein the design parameters include: basic information, layout information, plane information and facade information;
the basic information includes: building zone, total building area, number of floors, number of stairs and entrances and exits and the number of floors;
the layout information parameters include: sleeve type structure, spatial function, spatial relationship and spatial orientation;
the space function comprises an in-sleeve space and a public transport core, and the in-sleeve space comprises a main function space and a secondary function space;
the main functional space includes: the main lying, the secondary lying, the guest lying, the living room, the dining room, the kitchen, the toilet and the secondary function space comprise: balconies and toilets;
the public transportation core comprises: hallways, walkways, traffic cores;
the spatial relationship comprises; the spaces are not connected, communicated and contained;
the spatial orientation includes: east, west, south, north, middle;
the plane information parameters include: length-width ratio of functional space, area of functional space sun table and configuration of main guards;
the facade information parameters comprise: floor height, sill height, window wall area ratio, and window position.
5. The operating method of the multipoint home based on the building information matrix table as claimed in claim 1, wherein the S2 comprises the steps of:
s2-1, calling a layout information parameter rectangular table in a building information matrix table to obtain the constraint of the position of each set of functional space, thereby reducing the solution space of a topological relation graph;
s2-2, performing one-dimensional grid division in different spatial orientations according to each set of types, wherein the grid number of the one-dimensional grid division is the number of functional spaces in the same spatial orientation;
s2-3, fully arranging functional space topological points of each set of unit in a corresponding grid;
and S2-4, organizing layout information parameters of all types by taking a traffic core as a core, and generating all solutions of the floor plane topological relation graph.
6. The operating method of the multipoint home based on the building information matrix table as claimed in claim 1, wherein the S3 comprises the steps of:
s3-1, generating a functional space body: generating a functional space body according to plane information parameters in a building matrix table, and constraining the rationality of the functional space body by adopting a functional space area and a functional space length-width ratio;
s3-2, splicing functional space bodies: judging whether each functional space is rectangular, if the functional space is non-rectangular, unifying the functional spaces into a rectangular body by a segmentation method or a completion method; then splicing according to the shared edges of the functional spaces;
and S3-3, generating a three-dimensional model.
7. The operating method of the multi-storey point type home based on the building information matrix table as claimed in claim 6, wherein the splicing according to the common edge of each functional space comprises the following steps:
s3-2-1, obtaining a connection form among all the functional spaces through a shared edge, wherein the connection form comprises linear connection, triangular connection, internal connection and annular connection;
s3-2-2, performing main function space splicing: judging whether an annular connection function space with a unique solution exists or not; if the functional space with the annular connection exists, splicing the functional space with the annular connection, otherwise, splicing the walkway and the entrance hall; then, splicing adjacent functional spaces in a stepwise circulating manner according to the spatial relationship;
s3-2-3, after splicing of all the functional spaces is completed, cutting off redundant walkways to obtain a primary spliced sleeve type plan view;
s3-2-4, performing secondary function space splicing: and after the primary splicing of the sleeve-type plane is finished, splicing the secondary function space to the auxiliary function space according to the sleeve-type matrix table, and finally finishing the generation of the sleeve-type plane graph.
8. The operating method for generating the multipoint type home based on the building information matrix table according to claim 6, wherein the S3-3 comprises the steps of:
s3-3-1, extracting the floor height in the elevation information parameters according to the formulated building information matrix table, giving the floor height to the building sleeve type plane graph, and converting the floor height to a three-dimensional model;
s3-3-2, determining the reasonable window-wall area ratio range of each functional space, taking the reasonable window-wall area ratio range as a control parameter of window rationality, calculating the area of each window, and calculating the width of the window according to the area of each window and the height of the window to complete window generation;
s3-3-3, completing vertical face windowing and generation of a suite type parameterized three-dimensional model according to the position of a window;
s3-3-4, completing window positioning and vertical face windowing on the wall surface to be windowed according to the window position coordinates;
and S3-3-5, finally generating a parameterized three-dimensional model according to the layer number information in the basic information parameters and the design rules.
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