CN115659075A - Accounting system and method for storing holographic information of carbon emission accounting process data - Google Patents
Accounting system and method for storing holographic information of carbon emission accounting process data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an accounting system and method for reserving holographic information of carbon emission accounting process data. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the system comprises a type one data resource node, a type one data resource node and a type one data resource node, wherein the type one data resource node is used for storing all raw data of an object to be accounted, which can be used for supporting carbon emission accounting; the type two data resource node is used for storing data provided and collected by the emission accounting unit according to the emission accounting rule; the type three data resource nodes establish a link relation with the type one data resource nodes and the type two data resource nodes; the type four data resource nodes are in a link relation with the type two data resource nodes and the type three data resource nodes; and the data resources in the type one data resource node, the type two data resource node, the type three data resource node and the type four data resource node are stored according to a carbon calculation data resource metadata structure. The invention is suitable for the carbon emission accounting field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an accounting system and method for reserving holographic information of carbon emission accounting process data. The method is suitable for the field of carbon emission accounting.
Background
At present, there are two main modes for examining greenhouse gas emission: 1) Enterprises and units participating in carbon emission right transaction or carbon performance need to be subjected to offline checking through a third-party checking mechanism, and the checking mechanism needs to output greenhouse gas emission reports of checked units through steps of document review, field checking and the like; 2) For other enterprises and units which carry out greenhouse gas emission accounting according to the requirements of local governments, industries and industrial chains, the greenhouse gas emission check of the unit is generally carried out by own special software or SaaS service software or by engaging special service organizations, and a greenhouse gas emission report of the unit is output and filed.
The basis of the work (checking/checking) is greenhouse gas (carbon emission) accounting, and the common points are that enterprise/unit greenhouse gas activity data need to be collected, and a corresponding accounting calculation model is used for the greenhouse gas (carbon emission) accounting requirement of an accounting target according to relevant units/regulations/standards to calculate the greenhouse gas emission number corresponding to the enterprise/unit, and enterprise energy source ledgers, online energy consumption acquisition data, fuel purchasing, selling and storing records, water, electricity and gas bills, fuel detection records or coal sample test analysis original records, quality inspection mechanism detection reports and the like need to be collected/reviewed/approved for collecting the enterprise/unit greenhouse gas activity data.
The existing carbon emission accounting has the following defects:
1. data source tracing difficulty
According to the 'enterprise greenhouse gas emission accounting method and report guideline' and GB/T32150 'Industrial Enterprise greenhouse gas emission accounting and report general rule' formulated and released by the State Federal agency, the greenhouse gas emission accounting report mainly comprises: the report body is used for carrying out information, greenhouse gas emission, activity level data and sources thereof, emission factor data and sources thereof, uncertainty analysis and the like. The greenhouse gas emission amount and the activity level data are summarized data, in addition, the activity level data are derived from detailed production process data of enterprises, such as the electricity consumption of a specific production device, measured numerical data of coal as fired and the like, the data relate to the production secrecy of the enterprises, and the enterprises cannot disclose the data in reports for safety and confidentiality. Therefore, the correlation between the greenhouse gas emission accounting/checking result and the source data is lost, and the source data of the emission activity cannot be traced according to the checking result.
2. The result is hard to spread
The existing greenhouse gas (carbon emission) accounting report is unstructured data, online transmission is generally in an electronic document form, and a receiver cannot automatically analyze and understand the data after receiving the report; because the greenhouse gas (carbon emission) accounting report contains enterprise/unit production data, part of the content needs to be shielded according to different target objects in the transmission process due to the requirement of confidentiality, and the report content is difficult to be partially shielded in the existing mode; the receiver can not judge whether the report is falsified in the process of transmission after receiving the report. Resulting in the value of the audit data depth application not being adequately mined.
3. Source data hard to reuse
In the process of carbon checking/checking, a checking (checking) organization and a unit enterprise collect/review/verify a large amount of original data, the checking/checking process is also a process of combing and verifying the original data, after checking/checking, the data has a confidence degree not lower than a carbon checking/checking report, theoretically, the data can be directly applied to other data checking processes with lower confidence degree requirements than the carbon checking/checking requirements, such as original data required by other management departments/industrial chains/carbon footprint approval, but because the existing checking method loses the detailed association relationship between the original data and the checking/checking report, a checking/checking service provider only takes charge of the checking/checking of the original data and the checking process, when the enterprise/unit provides the data to other checking/carbon footprint/energy consumption management and other related organizations, the data cannot be proved to be not tampered, and a prokaryotic checking/checking unit has no means to verify whether the data are modified after the checking/checking, and the data need to be completely re-verified, thus a large amount of repetitive work is caused.
4. Difficult analysis of results
The carbon check/check of the enterprise/unit is a detailed conclusion on the carbon emission behaviors of the enterprise/unit, a large amount of original data of the carbon emission behaviors of the enterprise/unit is related in the whole check/check process, but in a finally output report, many details are omitted and cannot be reversely traced, and when the enterprise/unit/third party needs to perform finer-grained analysis on the check/check result according to business needs or dimension statistical analysis different from the check/check report, the association relation of the data is often required to be reconstructed, so that the existing results of the carbon check/check are greatly wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the existing problems, the accounting system and the accounting method for the holographic information of the reserved carbon emission accounting process data are provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an accounting system for persisting holographic information of carbon emission accounting process data, comprising:
the type one data resource node is used for storing all original data of the object to be accounted, which can be used for supporting carbon emission accounting;
the type two data resource node is used for storing data provided and collected by the emission accounting unit according to the emission accounting rule;
the type three data resource nodes are in a link relation with the type one data resource nodes and the type two data resource nodes, and are used for storing greenhouse gas activity data generated based on data resource sorting and summarizing in the type one data resource nodes and the type two data resource nodes and storing accounting result data generated based on greenhouse gas activity data and data resource calculation in the type two data resource nodes;
the type four data resource node is in a link relation with the type two data resource node and the type three data resource node and is used for storing carbon emission accounting report data generated based on data resources in the type two data resource node and the type three data resource node;
the data resources in the type one data resource node, the type two data resource node, the type three data resource node and the type four data resource node are all stored according to a carbon counting data resource metadata structure;
the carbon check data resource metadata structure comprises a resource type, a resource URI, a pre-order resource URI set, a resource attribute set and a resource hash code value corresponding to the node;
the preorder resource URI set comprises resource URIs corresponding to all preorder resources of the node; the resource hash value is calculated and obtained based on the data resource content of the node and the resource hash values corresponding to all the preorder resources of the node; the preamble resource is a data resource on which the node data is generated.
The carbon-core data resource metadata structure further comprises a Schema for converting data resource contents into texts and a resource hash algorithm for calculating hash values.
The resource hash value is calculated and obtained based on the data resource content of the node and the resource hash values of all nodes corresponding to the preamble resources of the node, and comprises the following steps:
converting the data resource content of the node into a text according to the Schema in the node metadata structure, then calculating according to the resource hashcode algorithm in the node metadata structure to obtain a hashcode value, splicing the hashcode value and the resource hashcode value corresponding to the preorder resource of the node into a text, and calculating a hashcode value of the spliced text according to the resource hashcode algorithm in the node metadata structure to serve as the resource hashcode value of the node.
The type one data resource node comprises an original recording node, a detection report node and a proving material node;
the type two data resource nodes comprise an emission factor data node, a fossil fuel factor data default value node, a carbon emission accounting calculation model node, a report main body information node, a report uncertainty analysis node, an accounting executor information node and an accounting report auditing publisher information node;
the type three data resource nodes comprise greenhouse gas activity data nodes and accounting result data nodes; the type four data resource nodes comprise accounting report data nodes.
The data resource nodes are grouped based on the security levels of the data resources, and each security level group is respectively arranged at the network position corresponding to the security level.
An accounting method based on the accounting system is characterized in that:
s1, acquiring all original data of an object to be accounted, which can be used for supporting carbon emission accounting, and storing the original data in a type one data resource node according to a carbon accounting data resource metadata structure;
s2, acquiring data provided and collected by an emission accounting unit according to an emission accounting rule, and storing the data in the type two data resource nodes according to a carbon accounting data resource metadata structure;
s3, greenhouse gas activity data generated by sorting and summarizing the data resources in the type-one data resource node and the type-two data resource node, accounting result data generated by calculating the greenhouse gas activity data and the data resources in the type-two data resource node, and storing the greenhouse gas activity data and the accounting result data in the type-three data resource node according to a carbon accounting data resource metadata structure;
s4, submitting the data resources in the type-one data resource node, the type-two data resource node and the type-three data resource node to an accounting reviewer, obtaining an auditing result returned by the accounting reviewer, executing the next step if the auditing result is passed, and returning to the step S1 to obtain data again if the auditing result is passed;
s5, generating carbon emission accounting report data based on the data resources in the type two data resource nodes and the type three data resource nodes, and storing the carbon emission accounting report data in the type four data resource nodes according to a carbon accounting data resource metadata structure;
and S6, extracting the summary data of the carbon emission accounting report, sending the summary data of the carbon emission accounting report to an auditing/checking mechanism, and reserving the summary data by the auditing/checking mechanism, wherein the summary data of the accounting report comprises metadata structure definitions of the carbon accounting data resources, resource URIs and resource hash values of the data resource nodes, and data resource link relations among the data resource nodes.
When each data resource node is arranged in a network position corresponding to the security level of each data resource node in a grouping mode, the accounting report abstract data further comprise grouping data.
A data tracing method based on a carbon emission accounting report, the carbon emission accounting report is generated according to the accounting method, and the method is characterized in that:
the method comprises the steps that a data tracing mechanism obtains verification data to be traced and report numbers of carbon emission accounting reports corresponding to the verification data to be traced;
the data tracing mechanism acquires the summary data of the accounting report from the checking/checking mechanism according to the report number;
the data tracing mechanism acquires a resource URI corresponding to a data resource node which takes to-be-traced verification data as a preamble resource according to the accounting report abstract data, and obtains data resources in the data resource node based on the resource URI;
the data tracing mechanism calculates a resource hash code value corresponding to the data resource node according to the verification data to be traced, the accounting report abstract data provided by the checking/checking mechanism and a hash code generation rule in the data resource node which takes the verification data to be traced as a preorder resource;
and comparing the calculated resource hash value with a resource hash value in a data resource node which takes the to-be-traced verification data as a preamble resource, wherein if the values are consistent, the data provided by the checked object is credible, otherwise, the data is not credible.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention respectively stores various types of data in different data resource nodes, establishes a link relation between corresponding data resource nodes according to an accounting rule, generates the data resource content of the node by using the data resource in the linked preorder resource node, and stores the data according to a carbon accounting data resource metadata structure. All data used in the carbon emission accounting process are defined as a network Resource node, a unique URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) value is given to the network Resource node, each network Resource is a pre-Resource URI set of the type, the key attribute and the dependence of the network Resource, and therefore a complete carbon accounting result is formed by the network resources representing the data and the link relation among the network resources, and one carbon accounting result is a network Resource relation graph.
In the invention, each data resource used by the carbon accounting has a hash value, and the hash value is obtained by adopting a hash algorithm disclosed by the data resource node according to a preposed resource hash value set depended on and a key data value of the resource, so that the one-time carbon emission accounting process is a process of establishing the association relation of carbon emission related activity data of an enterprise/unit in an accounting range, the result of the process is stored by the data structure, and the result can be stored by different entities/mechanisms in segments and can be verified integrally.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an accounting system.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the number of accounting processes.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of hash calculation of a data resource in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the accounting system for persisting holographic information of carbon emission accounting process data of the embodiment includes a type-one data resource node, a type-two data resource node, a type-three data resource node, and a type-four data resource node.
The type-one data resource node is used for storing all raw data of an object (enterprise/unit) to be calculated, wherein the raw data can be used for supporting carbon emission calculation, and comprises raw records of activities (direct energy sources such as fossil fuel and indirect energy sources such as electricity, heat and power) in the emission calculation range of the enterprise/unit, relevant detection reports and relevant certification materials.
In this embodiment, the type one data resource node has an original record node, a detection report node, and a certification material node, which are respectively used to store an original record of activity of energy (including direct energy such as fossil fuel, indirect energy such as electricity, heat, etc.) within an enterprise/unit emission accounting range, a relevant detection report, and a relevant certification material.
In this example, the type two data resource node is used for storing data provided and collected by the emission accounting unit according to the emission accounting rule, and the data includes report subject information, various fossil fuel default factor data (including default low calorific value, default unit calorific value carbon content, default carbon oxidation rate), emission factor data, carbon emission accounting model (formula), uncertainty analysis of carbon accounting report, accounting executor, accounting report audit publisher information, and the like.
The type two data resource node in the embodiment has a report subject information node for storing report subject information, a fossil fuel factor data default value node for storing various fossil fuel factor data default values (including a default lower calorific value, a default unit calorific value carbon content, and a default carbon oxidation rate), an emission factor data node for storing emission factor data, a carbon emission accounting calculation model node for storing a carbon emission accounting calculation model (formula), a report uncertainty analysis node for storing uncertainty analysis of a carbon accounting report, an accounting executor information node for storing an accounting executor, and an accounting report audit publisher information node for storing accounting report audit publisher information.
In this embodiment, the type three data resource node is used for storing intermediate data generated in the accounting process, where the intermediate data includes greenhouse gas activity data and accounting result data, the greenhouse gas activity data is obtained by sorting and summarizing original data (original records of energy activities, related detection reports and related certification materials) provided by an enterprise/unit according to the requirements of accounting rules, and the greenhouse gas activity data is matched with a carbon emission accounting model and report requirements; and calculating the accounting result data based on the greenhouse gas activity data, the carbon emission accounting model and the emission factor data.
In the example, the type three data resource nodes comprise a greenhouse gas activity data node and an accounting result data node which are respectively used for storing greenhouse gas activity data and accounting result data, and a link relation is established between the greenhouse gas activity data node and nodes (an original recording node, a detection report node and a proof material node) corresponding to the preorder resources of the greenhouse gas activity data node; and a linking relation is established between the accounting result data node and nodes (a greenhouse gas activity data node, an emission factor data node and a carbon emission accounting model node) corresponding to the preorder resources of the accounting result data node.
The type four data resource node in this embodiment includes an accounting report data node, and is configured to store the accounting data and the final carbon emission accounting report data generated by the process. The carbon emission accounting report data is constructed by taking carbon emission accounting result data, uncertainty analysis, report subject information, accounting executor information and accounting reviewer information as input (namely, preorder resources) according to a carbon emission accounting rule applicable to the current accounting. In this example, a linking relationship is established between the calculation report data node and the preamble resource.
In this embodiment, the data resources in each node are stored in a carbon-based data resource metadata structure, and the structure of the carbon-based data resource metadata structure is as follows:
the resource types are various data in the carbon emission accounting process, including original records, detection reports, other certification materials, fossil fuel default factor data and the like.
The resource URI is the unique identifier of the resource, and the data URI in the same check report cannot be repeated.
The set of preface resource URIs is the set of resource URIs of the data direct preface resource (i.e. the data pointed directly to it by the arrow in figure 2) determined from the figure-carbon emission accounting process flow diagram. If the activity data of a certain coal is obtained by processing the coal entry data, the related detection report, the purchase certification, the warehouse entry and exit certification, the default factor data of the coal and the like of the enterprise using the coal, the coal entry data, the related detection report, the purchase certification, the warehouse entry and exit certification, the default factor data of the coal and the like are the preorder resources of the activity data of the coal.
The resource attribute set comprises characteristic attribute names of data resources corresponding to the node, for example, the coal consumption data resources can be composed of coal type names, charging time, boiler numbers, charging amount and the like, and the resource data attribute values are recorded by key-value key value pair modes.
The Schema for converting the resource content into the text adopts one of XML Schema, JSON Schema, character string generation templates and the like, and is used for ensuring that different application persons can generate the same text content according to the data value of the carbon emission accounting data resource.
The resource hash algorithm can adopt any one of MD4, MD5, SHA-1 and the like, and different hash algorithms are allowed to be adopted by different types of data resources.
In this embodiment, the resource hashcode value is generated according to the hashcode generation rule defined by the node, which specifically includes converting the data resource of the node into a text according to the Schema defined by the resource metadata and converted into the text, then calculating a hashcode value for the text according to the resource hashcode algorithm defined by the resource metadata, if there is a preamble resource, splicing the hashcode value and the hashcode value of the preamble resource data into a text, and then calculating a hashcode value for the spliced text according to the resource hashcode algorithm defined by the resource metadata, which is the resource hashcode value of the node (see fig. 3).
In this embodiment, the resource grouping number is determined based on the group where the node is located, in this embodiment, the data resource nodes are grouped based on the security levels of the data resources thereof, and each security level group is respectively arranged at a network location corresponding to each security level.
The carbon emission data resource metadata definition set established according to the method can be shared in a plurality of organizations and industries, and the more organizations and industries adopt the same resource metadata definition set, the more the accounting report obtained according to the accounting method can be used by third-party organizations and applications.
In the embodiment, for different types of data in the carbon accounting data system, the data are classified according to the security level and the storage position, the data in the same emission accounting data system are dispersedly stored in different places, and different security levels are set so as to meet the information security requirements of related units.
The packet data content in this embodiment includes the following information:
and the hashcodes of the resource groups are obtained by splicing the hashcodes of all the resources in the group according to the group resource URI set sequence to form a new character string and calculating according to an MD5 algorithm. The access address of the resource grouping data is as follows: the carbon computing data resource GROUP URI/GROUP; the access addresses of the resources in the group are: the carbon computes a data resource grouping URI/resource URI.
Data in the carbon counting data system can be dispersedly stored in different network positions through grouping, but the integrity of the data is not influenced. Grouping all related data in carbon accounting, setting different safety marks and storage positions, uniquely attributing each carbon accounting data resource to one group, and calculating the hash code of the group.
The accounting method for the holographic information of the data in the carbon emission accounting process in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, according to a carbon emission accounting rule (determining a carbon emission accounting range) applicable to the current accounting, collecting and acquiring all original data of an object to be accounted, wherein the original data can be used for supporting the carbon emission accounting, the data comprises files, data tables and other various forms, executing corresponding work of examination and certification and the like, and storing the original data in corresponding original recording nodes, detection report nodes and certification material nodes according to a carbon accounting data resource metadata structure.
And S2, acquiring data provided and collected by an emission accounting implementation unit according to an emission accounting rule, and storing the data in a fossil fuel factor data default value node, an emission factor data node, a carbon emission accounting model node, a report uncertainty analysis node, an accounting executor information node and an accounting report auditing publisher information node according to a carbon accounting data resource metadata structure.
And determining an accounting model used by the accounting according to the carbon emission accounting rule applicable to the accounting, wherein the accounting model comprises quoted emission factors, fossil energy factor data default values, an accounting model and the like, and the data of the accounting model can be converted into a text format without losing information.
S3, sorting and summarizing data resources in the original recording node, the detection report node, the proving material node and the fossil fuel factor data default value node to generate greenhouse gas activity data, and storing the greenhouse gas activity data in a greenhouse gas activity data node according to a carbon calculation data resource metadata structure; and calculating and generating accounting result data based on the greenhouse gas activity data node, the emission factor data node and the data resources in the carbon emission accounting calculation model node, and storing the accounting result data in the accounting result data node.
And converting the original data into carbon emission activity data according to a carbon emission accounting rule applicable to the accounting, for example, converting time sequence data of an electric meter into electricity consumption data in an accounting time period, and recording a preorder data resource URI set on which the conversion data depends.
If the preorder data of the activity data of a certain coal in the carbon emission check of an enterprise comprises a coal input amount of 365 days per day in 1 year, a low heating value measurement value of a coal input sample per day, a carbon content measurement value of a unit heat value and a carbon oxidation rate measurement value, and the preorder data comprises a URI of x \ coal input amount \1 \ 8230, a URI of x \ coal input amount \365, a low heating value \1 \ 8230, a carbon content of x \ low heating value \365, a carbon content of x \ unit heat value \1 \ 8230, a carbon content of x \ unit heat value \365, a carbon oxidation rate of x \ carbon oxide \1 \ 8230and a carbon oxidation rate of x \365, the preorder URI set of the activity data of the coal is a set of the URI.
And S4, sorting, inputting uncertainty analysis, reporting main body information, communicating accounting calculation data, submitting data resources in each node established in the preamble to an accounting verifier for verification, executing the next step after verification is passed, and otherwise, returning to the step S1 to re-collect data, execute certification and perform accounting.
And S5, constructing carbon emission accounting report data based on data resources in the carbon emission accounting result data node, the uncertainty analysis node, the report main body information node, the accounting executor information node and the accounting auditor information node according to a carbon emission accounting rule applicable to the current accounting, and storing the carbon emission accounting report data in the accounting report data node according to a carbon accounting data resource metadata structure.
And S6, generating the summary data of the carbon emission accounting report, and sending the summary data of the carbon emission accounting report to an auditing/checking mechanism for reservation.
The data of the accounting report summary only comprises the metadata structure definition of the carbon accounting data resource, the resource URI and the resource hash code value of each data resource node, the data resource link relation among each data resource node and the grouped data of each node.
The summary data in this example does not contain any accounting report data and source data and intermediate data used for accounting. The abstract data is kept by the checking/checking mechanism, the accounting report data, the source data and the intermediate data adopted by the accounting are dispersedly stored according to the rules determined by the related safety regulations by groups, and the checking/checking mechanism can only prove that the checking process is completed by the checking/checking mechanism, has no necessary right to store/release data and does not bear the responsibility of original data leakage.
In this embodiment, when the data resource is stored in the corresponding node, hash calculation needs to be performed once, and a corresponding resource hash value is generated according to a hash generation rule of the node.
The application of the accounting system in the embodiment includes:
1. data tracing
And data tracing means that a report value is calculated according to carbon, and the carbon emission report data is ensured to be credible through tracing and checking the report data in the whole process.
The data tracing method based on the carbon emission accounting report in the example comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that a data tracing mechanism obtains verification data to be traced and report numbers of carbon emission accounting reports corresponding to the verification data to be traced;
the data tracing mechanism acquires the summary data of the accounting report from the checking/checking mechanism according to the report number;
the data tracing mechanism acquires a resource URI corresponding to a data resource node which takes to-be-traced verification data as a preamble resource according to the accounting report abstract data, and obtains data resources in the data resource node based on the resource URI;
the data tracing mechanism calculates a resource hash code value corresponding to the data resource node according to the verification data to be traced, the accounting report abstract data provided by the checking/checking mechanism and a hash code generation rule in the data resource node which takes the verification data to be traced as a preorder resource;
and comparing the calculated resource hash code value with a resource hash code value in a data resource node which takes the to-be-traced verification data as the preamble resource, wherein if the values are consistent, the data provided by the checked object is credible, otherwise, the data is not credible.
Taking green credit as an example for explanation:
1) After the credit investigation organization is approved to carry out green credit investigation and verification permission on the enterprise/unit, the enterprise/unit is required to provide a carbon emission inspection/checking report
2) And the enterprise/unit submits the report number of the carbon emission accounting report and the accounting result data to be subjected to source tracing verification to the credit investigation institution.
3) And the credit investigation organization requests the checking/checking organization to acquire the summary data of the checking report according to the carbon counting report number provided by the enterprise/unit.
4) And the credit investigation mechanism acquires the text assembly of the checking report data, the hash code generation rule and the resource hash code value thereof according to the resource URI corresponding to the checking report data and the URI of the group in which the checking report data is positioned in the abstract data.
5) The credit investigation structure automatically calculates the hash value of the checking report according to the hash generation rule and the corresponding data resources in the accounting result data and the summary data provided by the enterprise/unit;
6) Comparing the calculated resource hash value with the resource hash value in the accounting report data node, and if the values are inconsistent, determining that the data reported by the enterprise/unit is not credible; if the two are consistent, the next step is carried out;
7) The credit investigation unit determines whether to carry out deeper traceability verification according to the working requirement, and if not, the credit investigation unit directly adopts the method; if necessary, the preorder data depended on by the checking report data is verified in sequence according to the same rule, and if any link is inconsistent, the checking report data is changed in a certain link and cannot be adopted.
2. Report distribution
Similar to the above process, any enterprise/unit that has a right to distribute the result of carbon emission check/audit data may issue the top node data of the accounting report to a third party in the form of file transmission or data interface/paper file, and the third party obtains a complete report according to the above process. The checking/checking structure only has the right to issue the abstract data for indexing, and the real number owner can set the data authority according to the own safety rule so as to limit the detail degree which can be obtained by a third party.
3. Source data fetch reuse
When the enterprise/unit needs to use the checked original data for other purposes, such as energy consumption audit of a superior organ, carbon emission accounting of other apertures, and the like, the checked report number of the data can be provided for a data user, a third party performs traceability verification on the overall integrity of the data in the same data traceability mode, and if all the verifications are passed, the data are consistent with the data checked/checked last time and are not tampered. With no less confidence and authority than the last check/audit.
4. Data analysis
Because the method reserves all data and link relations of the checking/checking process, the data can be analyzed in other dimensions different from the carbon emission accounting report, and the confidence degree/authority of the analysis result is not lower than that of the last checking report.
The embodiment utilizes the characteristic of internet distribution, reserves the whole process data of the carbon check/check process through the link of resources and resources, establishes a globally verifiable relation through hash values in the data resource connection, can discover the tampering of any resource, realizes the separation of the carbon check/check report index and the data, allows the storage of the original data, the intermediate data and the result data as required, and sets the access authority as required.
Claims (8)
1. An accounting system for preserving holographic information of carbon emission accounting process data, comprising:
the type one data resource node is used for storing all original data of the object to be accounted, which can be used for supporting carbon emission accounting;
the type two data resource node is used for storing data provided and acquired by the emission accounting unit according to the emission accounting rule;
the type three data resource nodes are in a link relation with the type one data resource nodes and the type two data resource nodes and are used for storing greenhouse gas activity data generated based on data resource sorting and summarizing in the type one data resource nodes and the type two data resource nodes and storing accounting result data generated based on greenhouse gas activity data and data resource calculation in the type two data resource nodes;
the type four data resource node is in a link relation with the type two data resource node and the type three data resource node and is used for storing carbon emission accounting report data generated based on data resources in the type two data resource node and the type three data resource node;
the data resources in the type one data resource node, the type two data resource node, the type three data resource node and the type four data resource node are all stored according to a carbon counting data resource metadata structure;
the carbon calculation data resource metadata structure comprises a resource type, a resource URI, a preamble resource URI set, a resource attribute set and a resource hash code value which correspond to the node;
the preorder resource URI set comprises resource URIs corresponding to all preorder resources of the node; the resource hash value is calculated and obtained based on the data resource content of the node and the resource hash values corresponding to all the preorder resources of the node; the preamble resource is a data resource on which the node data is generated.
2. The carbon sequestration emission accounting system for process data holography of claim 1, wherein: the metadata structure of the carbon check data resource also comprises Schema for converting the content of the data resource into text and a resource hash algorithm for calculating the hash value.
3. An accounting system for preserved carbon emission accounting process data holographic information according to claim 2, wherein the resource hash value is calculated based on the node data resource content and the resource hash values of all preamble resource corresponding nodes of the node, comprising:
converting the data resource content of the node into a text according to the Schema in the node metadata structure, then calculating according to the resource hash algorithm in the node metadata structure to obtain a hash value, splicing the hash value and the resource hash value corresponding to the node preamble resource into a text, and calculating a hash value of the spliced text according to the resource hash algorithm in the node metadata structure to serve as the resource hash value of the node.
4. The carbon sequestration emission accounting system for process data holography of claim 1, wherein:
the type-one data resource node comprises an original recording node, a detection report node and a proving material node;
the type two data resource nodes comprise an emission factor data node, a fossil fuel factor data default value node, a carbon emission accounting calculation model node, a report main body information node, a report uncertainty analysis node, an accounting executor information node and an accounting report auditing publisher information node;
the type three data resource nodes comprise greenhouse gas activity data nodes and accounting result data nodes; the type four data resource nodes comprise accounting report data nodes.
5. The carbon emission surviving accounting process data holographic information accounting system of claim 1, wherein: the data resource nodes are grouped based on the security levels of the data resources, and each security level group is respectively arranged at the network position corresponding to the security level.
6. An accounting method based on the accounting system of any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that:
s1, acquiring all original data of an object to be accounted, which can be used for supporting carbon emission accounting, and storing the original data in a type one data resource node according to a carbon accounting data resource metadata structure;
s2, acquiring data provided and collected by an emission accounting unit according to an emission accounting rule, and storing the data in the type two data resource nodes according to a carbon accounting data resource metadata structure;
s3, greenhouse gas activity data generated by sorting and summarizing the data resources in the type-one data resource node and the type-two data resource node, accounting result data generated by calculating the greenhouse gas activity data and the data resources in the type-two data resource node, and storing the greenhouse gas activity data and the accounting result data in the type-three data resource node according to a carbon accounting data resource metadata structure;
s4, submitting the data resources in the type-one data resource node, the type-two data resource node and the type-three data resource node to an accounting reviewer, obtaining an auditing result returned by the accounting reviewer, executing the next step if the auditing result is passed, and returning to the step S1 to obtain data again if the auditing result is passed;
s5, generating carbon emission accounting report data based on the data resources in the type two data resource nodes and the type three data resource nodes, and storing the carbon emission accounting report data in the type four data resource nodes according to a carbon accounting data resource metadata structure;
and S6, extracting the summary data of the carbon emission accounting report, sending the summary data of the carbon emission accounting report to an audit/inventory mechanism, and reserving the summary data by the audit/inventory mechanism, wherein the summary data of the accounting report comprises the metadata structure definition of the carbon accounting data resources, the resource URI and the resource hash value of each data resource node, and the data resource link relation among the data resource nodes.
7. The accounting method according to claim 6, wherein: when each data resource node is arranged in a network position corresponding to the security level of each data resource node in a grouping mode, the accounting report abstract data further comprise grouping data.
8. A data tracing method based on a carbon emission accounting report generated by the accounting method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein:
the method comprises the steps that a data tracing mechanism obtains verification data to be traced and report numbers of carbon emission accounting reports corresponding to the verification data to be traced;
the data tracing mechanism acquires the summary data of the accounting report from the checking/checking mechanism according to the report number;
the data tracing mechanism acquires a resource URI corresponding to a data resource node which takes to-be-traced verification data as a preamble resource according to the accounting report abstract data, and obtains data resources in the data resource node based on the resource URI;
the data tracing mechanism calculates a resource hash code value corresponding to the data resource node according to the verification data to be traced, the accounting report abstract data provided by the checking/checking mechanism and a hash code generation rule in the data resource node which takes the verification data to be traced as a preorder resource;
and comparing the calculated resource hash value with a resource hash value in a data resource node which takes the to-be-traced verification data as a preamble resource, wherein if the values are consistent, the data provided by the checked object is credible, otherwise, the data is not credible.
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| CN114297277A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-04-08 | 新奥数能科技有限公司 | Carbon emission activity data acquisition method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN115049190A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-09-13 | 浙江电力建设工程咨询有限公司 | Carbon emission accounting method suitable for power grid construction project |
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