CN115654065A - Electromagnetic type active and passive integrated vibration isolator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromagnetic active and passive integrated vibration isolator, which belongs to the technical field of vibration isolation components. The vibration isolator includes a passive vibration isolator, an actuator, an upper cover and a lower cover; the upper and lower ends of the passive vibration isolator are fixedly connected to the upper and lower cover respectively, and the actuator is fixedly connected to the upper cover plate or the lower cover, when the actuator is fixedly connected to the upper cover, there is a horizontal gap between the actuator and the lower cover, when the actuator is fixedly connected to the lower cover, the actuator and the lower cover A horizontal gap is left between the upper cover plates; a gap is also left between the actuator and the passive vibration isolator. The invention can realize the independent design of the actuator and the passive vibration isolator, and the actuator has the ability to output large electromagnetic force.

Description

An electromagnetic active and passive integrated vibration isolator

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration isolation components, and in particular relates to an electromagnetic active and passive integrated vibration isolator.

Background technique

The motors, turbines, pumps, instrumentation and other equipment on various aircraft, vehicles and ships are generally connected to the base of the fuselage, body or hull through rubber vibration isolators (a common passive vibration isolator). The rubber vibration isolator plays the role of bearing connection on the one hand, and plays the role of passive vibration isolation on the other. However, the rubber vibration isolator is limited by the natural laws, and generally has a better vibration isolation effect on high-frequency spectrum lines, but not a good vibration isolation effect on low-frequency spectrum lines. The active vibration isolator can further actively reduce the low frequency line spectrum. Therefore, the combination of active and passive vibration isolation can effectively reduce the vibration line spectrum in the low-frequency to high-frequency range, and play a better role in vibration isolation.

Common active and passive integrated vibration isolators are composed of passive vibration isolators and electromagnetic actuators. The relative motion of the stator and mover of the electromagnetic actuator generates electromagnetic force; using a suitable control algorithm to control the magnitude of the electromagnetic force in real time can improve the vibration isolation effect.

The patent with the publication number CN106438830B proposes an electromagnetic active and passive integrated vibration isolator. The vibration isolator is mainly composed of an electromagnetic actuator and a passive vibration isolator. Among them, the electromagnetic actuator is mainly composed of a mover and a stator. The passive vibration isolator and the stator are fixed on the base of the electromagnetic actuator, and the mover and the passive vibration isolator are fixed together.

The patent with the publication number CN110439961A proposes a reluctance type electromagnetic active-passive integrated composite vibration isolator, which is composed of a passive vibration isolator and an actuator. Among them, the passive vibration isolator is a rubber main spring, and the actuator is mainly composed of a coil, a mover yoke, an adjustment rubber ring, a base, an annular shell, a stator yoke, a permanent magnet and an upper shell. The rubber main spring, coil, mover yoke, adjusting rubber ring and upper shell form the mover assembly; the base, ring shell, stator yoke, and permanent magnet form the stator assembly. In this structure, the mover and the passive vibration isolator can be regarded as a fixed connection.

In the vibration isolators mentioned in the above two patents, the mover is fixedly connected to the passive vibration isolator, so that the movement of the mover is limited by the movement of the passive vibration isolator. Actually, during the vibration process of the equipment, the movement displacement of the passive vibration isolator is extremely small (usually less than millimeter level), resulting in an extremely small relative displacement between the mover and the stator, so that the electromagnetic force generated between the mover and the stator is small. That is to say, the design of the actuator is restricted by the passive vibration isolator, resulting in a small output force of the actuator.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides an electromagnetic active and passive integrated vibration isolator. No part of the actuator is directly connected with the passive vibration isolator, and the independent design of the actuator and the passive vibration isolator can be realized. The device has the ability to output a large electromagnetic force.

An electromagnetic active and passive integrated vibration isolator, comprising a passive vibration isolator, an actuator, an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate;

The upper and lower end faces of the passive vibration isolator are fixedly connected to the upper cover and the lower cover respectively, the actuator is fixedly connected to the upper cover or the lower cover, and when the actuator is fixedly connected to the upper cover When it is up, there is a horizontal gap between the actuator and the lower cover. When the actuator is fixedly connected to the lower cover, there is a horizontal gap between the actuator and the upper cover; the actuator and the passive vibration isolation There is also a gap between the devices.

Further, the passive vibration isolator adopts rubber vibration isolator, spring or air bag, and the number of passive vibration isolators is more than two.

Further, the actuator adopts an electromagnetic actuator, and the actuator controls the magnitude and direction of the electromagnetic force and Lorentz force acting on the mover by changing the magnitude of the input current, and finally changes the magnitude of the actuating force with directions.

Further, the actuator includes a metal casing, a mass, a support spring, a permanent magnet, an iron core and a coil; the mass, the support spring, the permanent magnet, the iron core and the coil are inside the metal casing, and the mass After being fixedly connected with the permanent magnet, the mover is formed, the lower end of the support spring is fixedly connected with the bottom of the metal casing, and the upper end of the support spring is fixedly connected with the mover; the coil is evenly wound on the iron core, and the iron core is vertically fixed at the center of the bottom of the metal casing. The iron core is surrounded by permanent magnets, and the iron core always maintains a gap with the outer permanent magnets.

Further, the vibration isolator also includes an acceleration sensor, a controller and a driver, the acceleration sensor is installed on the vibration source or the base, the acceleration sensor detects the acceleration signal in real time, and sends the acceleration signal to the controller, and the controller The control signal is calculated by the control algorithm, and the control signal is sent to the driver, the driver generates the control current, and controls the current of the coil in the actuator, and then controls the electromagnetic force acting on the mover, the magnitude of the Lorentz force and direction, and ultimately change the magnitude and direction of the driving force.

Beneficial effect:

1. The upper and lower end surfaces of the passive vibration isolator of the present invention are fixedly connected with the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate respectively, the actuator is fixedly connected with the upper cover plate or the lower cover plate, and the actuator and the passive vibration isolator are in the The structural design is not directly connected, so the passive vibration isolator and the actuator can be designed separately and independently, which is conducive to the design of a powerful actuator and reduces the difficulty of the overall design.

2. The actuator of the present invention is integrally installed as an independent module, and the actuator is connected by screws, which is easy to install, disassemble and replace. When the actuator is disassembled, the remaining part can continue to be used as a common passive vibration isolator.

3. The actuator of the present invention can simultaneously generate electromagnetic force and Lorentz force through the input current, significantly increase the ability of converting current into output force, and improve the output efficiency of the actuator.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the electromagnetic type active and passive integrated vibration isolator of the present invention (the actuator is connected with the upper cover);

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an electromagnetic active and passive integrated vibration isolator of the present invention (the actuator is connected to the lower cover);

Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of actuator;

Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1;

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of embodiment 2;

Figure 6 is a physical diagram of an electromagnetic active and passive integrated vibration isolator.

Among them, 1-upper cover plate, 2-lower cover plate, 3-passive vibration isolator, 4-actuator, 5-metal shell, 6-mass block, 7-permanent magnet, 8-support spring, 9-iron core, 10-coil.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The invention provides an electromagnetic active and passive integrated vibration isolator, which is composed of an upper cover plate 1 , a lower cover plate 2 , a passive vibration isolator 3 and an actuator 4 . The upper and lower end surfaces of the passive vibration isolator 3 are fixedly connected with the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 respectively. The passive vibration isolator 3 is a rubber vibration isolator, which is fixedly connected with the upper and lower cover plates by means of vulcanization.

There are two installation methods for the actuator, as shown in Figure 1, it is the first installation method of the actuator. The upper end surface of the actuator 4 and the upper cover plate 1 are fixedly connected by screws, and the screws are coated with anti-loose glue, and there is always a gap between the lower end surface of the actuator and the lower cover plate 2 .

As shown in Figure 2 is the second installation method of the actuator, the lower end surface of the actuator 4 is fixedly connected with the lower cover plate 2, and there is always a gap between the upper end surface of the actuator and the upper cover plate 1.

As shown in FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the actuator 4 . The actuator is mainly composed of a metal shell 5, a mass block 6, a permanent magnet 7, a support spring 8, an iron core 9, and a coil 10. The mass block 6 , the permanent magnet 7 , the support spring 8 , the iron core 9 and the coil 10 are inside the metal shell 5 . The mass block 6 and the permanent magnet 7 are fixedly connected to form a mover. The lower end of the support spring 8 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the metal casing 5, and the upper end of the support spring 8 is fixedly connected with the mover. The coil 10 is uniformly wound on the iron core 9, and the coil 10 and the iron core 9 form a stator. The iron core 9 is vertically fixed at the bottom center of the metal casing 5 . The iron core 9 keeps a gap with the permanent magnet 7 on the outside all the time.

When a current is passed through the coil 10, the coil current will magnetize the iron core 9 to form an electromagnet. The magnetic field of the electromagnet interacts with the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 7 of the mover to generate electromagnetic force. At the same time, the current of the coil 10 is always perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 7, and according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, Lorentz force is generated. Therefore, the actuator can simultaneously generate electromagnetic force and Lorentz force through the input current, significantly increase the ability of converting current into output force, and improve the output efficiency of the actuator.

The electromagnetic force and Lorentz force acting on the mover will make the mover move, and the inertial force of the mover finally acts on the metal shell 5 through the support spring 8 . Therefore, the actuating force of the actuator is finally output from the metal casing 5 .

Example 1:

Vibration isolation scenario 1: The instrumentation equipment of aircraft, vehicles, and ships is installed on the base of the fuselage, frame or hull. When the fuselage vibrates, the instrumentation equipment will inevitably vibrate. Generally, a vibration isolator is arranged between the base and the instrumentation equipment to reduce the vibration of the instrumentation equipment.

Figure 4 is an embodiment for vibration isolation scenario 1. The upper cover plate 1 is fixedly connected with the equipment through bolts, and the lower cover plate 2 is fixedly connected with the base through bolts. The actuator metal casing 5 is fixedly installed on the upper cover plate 1 . The actuating force of the actuator is externally output by the metal casing 5 . Since the metal casing 5, the upper cover plate 1, and the equipment are fixedly connected together, the working force finally acts on the equipment to reduce the vibration of the equipment.

Example 2:

Vibration isolation scenario 2: Power equipment such as engines, pumps, and turbines on aircraft, vehicles, and ships is a vibration. In order to reduce the vibration transmitted from these devices to the fuselage, body or hull, the devices are generally installed on the base of the fuselage, body or hull through vibration isolators.

Figure 5 is an example for scenario 2. The upper cover plate 1 is fixedly connected with the equipment through bolts, and the lower cover plate 2 is fixedly connected with the base through bolts. The actuator metal casing 5 is fixedly installed on the lower cover plate 2 . The actuating force of the actuator is externally output by the metal casing 5 . Since the metal shell 5, the lower cover plate 2, and the base are fixedly connected together, the working force finally acts on the base to reduce the vibration of the base.

The main difference between embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is: the vibration source of embodiment 1 comes from the base, the purpose is to reduce the vibration of the equipment, so the acceleration sensor is installed on the equipment, and the working force is also applied to the equipment; the vibration source of embodiment 2 The source comes from the equipment, and the purpose is to reduce the vibration of the base, so the acceleration sensor is installed on the base, and the operating force is also applied to the base.

The closed-loop vibration control principle of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 is the same: when vibration occurs, the acceleration sensor detects the acceleration signal in real time and sends the acceleration signal to the controller. The controller calculates the control signal through the control algorithm, and sends the control signal to the driver. The driver generates the control current and controls the current of the coil 10, and then controls the magnitude and direction of the electromagnetic force and Lorentz force acting on the mover. Ultimately change the magnitude and direction of the force. The application of the actuating force results in a decrease in the acceleration sensor signal, that is, an improvement in the vibration state.

Figure 6 is an active and passive integrated vibration isolator designed and manufactured according to Figure 1. The upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 are made of stainless steel, the passive vibration isolator 3 is made of polyurethane, and the passive vibration isolator 3 is fixedly connected with the upper and lower cover plates by vulcanization. The actuator 4 is fixedly connected with the upper cover plate 1 by screws. Sufficient clearance is left between the actuator 4, the lower cover plate 2 and the passive vibration isolator 3, which can facilitate the installation, disassembly and replacement of the actuator 4. After the actuator 4 is disassembled, the remaining part can be used as a common passive vibration isolator.

To sum up, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. An electromagnetic active and passive integrated vibration isolator is characterized in that it comprises a passive vibration isolator, an actuator, an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate; The upper and lower end faces of the passive vibration isolator are fixedly connected to the upper cover and the lower cover respectively, the actuator is fixedly connected to the upper cover or the lower cover, and when the actuator is fixedly connected to the upper cover When it is up, there is a horizontal gap between the actuator and the lower cover. When the actuator is fixedly connected to the lower cover, there is a horizontal gap between the actuator and the upper cover; the actuator and the passive vibration isolation There is also a gap between the devices. 2. The electromagnetic active and passive integrated vibration isolator according to claim 1, wherein the passive vibration isolator adopts rubber vibration isolators, springs or air bags, and the number of passive vibration isolators is more than two. 3. The electromagnetic active and passive integrated vibration isolator according to claim 2, characterized in that the actuator is an electromagnetic actuator, and the actuator controls the action on the mover by changing the magnitude of the input current The magnitude and direction of the electromagnetic force and Lorentz force will eventually change the magnitude and direction of the driving force. 4. The electromagnetic type active and passive integrated vibration isolator according to claim 3, wherein the actuator comprises a metal shell, a mass, a support spring, a permanent magnet, an iron core and a coil; the mass, The support spring, permanent magnet, iron core and coil are inside the metal shell, the mass block and the permanent magnet are fixedly connected to form a mover, the lower end of the support spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the metal shell, and the upper end of the support spring is fixedly connected to the mover; the coil is uniform Wound on the iron core, the iron core is vertically fixed at the center of the bottom of the metal casing, the iron core is surrounded by permanent magnets, and the iron core always maintains a gap with the outer permanent magnet. 5. The electromagnetic active and passive integrated vibration isolator according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the vibration isolator also includes an acceleration sensor, a controller and a driver, and the acceleration sensor is installed on the vibration source or the base Above, the acceleration sensor detects the acceleration signal in real time and sends the acceleration signal to the controller. The controller calculates the control signal through the control algorithm and sends the control signal to the driver. The driver generates the control current and controls the coil in the actuator. The magnitude of the current, and then control the magnitude and direction of the electromagnetic force and Lorentz force acting on the mover, and finally change the magnitude and direction of the moving force.

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