CN103047332A - Vibration control device with vibration isolation and absorption functions - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a novel vibration control device with the functions of vibration isolation and vibration absorption, which includes an outer bellows, an inner bellows, an upper end plate, a lower end plate and a quality block. Among them, the upper and lower end plates are connected with mechanical equipment and installation foundation bolts by means of through holes; the outer bellows are welded and fixedly connected with the upper and lower end plates to play the role of vibration isolators; the two ends of the inner bellows are respectively fixedly connected with the inner cover and the mass block , adjusting its axial stiffness and mass mass can play the role of dynamic vibration absorber. Therefore, the present invention has both the functions of vibration isolation and dynamic vibration absorption, and has the advantage of compact structure. For those mechanical equipments with narrow space positions, where vibration isolation and vibration absorption devices cannot be installed at the same time, the present invention can easily solve their vibration control problems.

Description

Vibration control device with vibration isolation and vibration absorption function

technical field

The invention relates to a vibration control device with both vibration isolation and vibration absorption functions, and belongs to the technical field of vibration isolation and vibration absorption.

Background technique

In the field of engineering and academia, vibration isolators and vibration absorbers have been regarded as two different vibration control devices. The working mechanism of the vibration isolator is to reduce the dynamic coupling between the vibration source and the vibration-isolated object, reduce the transmission of bad vibration to the protected object or from the object to achieve the purpose of isolating vibration transmission. The rubber vibration isolator of the seat, the airbag vibration isolator used for the vibration isolation of ship mechanical equipment, etc.; the principle of the vibration absorber is to use it to resonate, so that the elastic restoring force on the vibration absorber spring can balance the excitation on the mechanical equipment force, thereby suppressing the vibration of mechanical equipment, such as the double-wire pendulum vibration absorber at the hub of the helicopter, etc.

Although conventional vibration isolation structures can isolate vibration transmission, they do not have the function of dynamic vibration absorption. In fact, some heavy machinery with a single operating frequency have both vibration isolation requirements and dynamic vibration absorption requirements, and because of the narrow space, there is no extra space to install another dynamic vibration absorption device after the vibration isolator is installed; thus The consequence is that the vibration of these mechanical equipment is still very severe, which affects the work and production safety of the equipment.

The bellows-type mixed-media vibration isolator disclosed in Patent Publication No. 101701615A provides a vibration isolator with large bearing capacity, low natural frequency, simple structure, and flexible adjustment of vibration isolation performance; however, the vibration isolator It can only hinder the vibration response transmission of mechanical equipment, and cannot provide dynamic vibration absorption function.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the vibration isolator and the shock absorber cannot be installed at the same time for the heavy mechanical equipment with a narrow space, and the present invention provides a compact structure, vibration isolation and vibration absorber that can be applied to this type of equipment. The vibration control device can effectively control the vibration response of mechanical equipment.

A vibration control device with both vibration isolation and vibration absorption functions is characterized in that it is composed of a vibration isolation unit and a vibration absorption unit; wherein the vibration isolation unit is composed of an upper end plate, a lower end plate, and an outer corrugation connected between the upper end plate and the lower end plate The vibration-absorbing unit includes an inner bellows connected to the lower end of the inner cover and a mass block connected to the lower end of the inner bellows; there is a movement gap between the mass block and the lower end plate; the natural frequency of the above-mentioned vibration isolation unit should be Less than 0.707 times the operating frequency of the mechanical equipment on the upper end plate (from the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve of the vibration isolation transmissibility, only when the ratio of the mechanical operating frequency to the natural frequency of the vibration isolation system is greater than that, the vibration isolator can play a role; see Hu Haiyan for details Waiting for "Mechanical Vibration and Shock" page 42, published by Aviation Industry Press); depending on the vibration-absorbing object, the natural frequency of the above-mentioned vibration-absorbing unit can be the same as the natural frequency of the vibration-isolation unit or the same as the operating frequency of the mechanical equipment.

The outer bellows are welded to the upper and lower end plates, and the inner bellows are welded to the inner cover; the inner cover and the upper end plate are fixedly connected by hexagon socket bolts. This structure is convenient for the maintenance and repair of the vibration isolation unit and the vibration reduction unit. Install.

The first improved structure: the vibration control device with both vibration isolation and vibration absorption functions is characterized in that: the mass block of the above vibration absorption unit is composed of a damping cavity and damping particles installed in the damping cavity, the structure itself is both As the mass of the shock absorber, it can also provide the necessary damping; when vibrating, collisions and frictions occur between the damping particles and between the damping particles and the wall of the damping cavity, absorbing and losing the vibration energy of the mass block of the shock absorber, and extending the inner bellows. service life. The damping particles may be iron pellets, copper pellets, ceramic pellets and the like.

The second improved structure: the vibration control device with both vibration isolation and vibration absorption functions is characterized in that: the above vibration absorption unit also includes a damping cavity fixed between the inner cover and the inner bellows, and the damping cavity is equipped with Damping particles. The collision and friction between these particles and between the damping particles and the damping cavity wall can absorb and lose the vibration energy of the upper end plate, that is, the mechanical equipment, and suppress the vibration amplitude of the mechanical equipment when it crosses the resonance frequency.

The working principle of the present invention is: the vibration energy generated by mechanical equipment is transmitted to the outer bellows through the upper and lower end plates, and the outer bellows is deformed under force, providing the elastic restoring force required by the vibration isolator, and acting as a shock absorber for the vibration isolator. function; while the inner bellows is fixedly connected with the mechanical equipment through the inner cover and the upper end plate, the axial stiffness of the inner bellows and the quality of the mass block are reasonably selected to meet the requirements of the dynamic vibration absorber, and the damping particles set will dissipate part of the vibration energy , improve the vibration control level, prolong the service life of the vibration control device of the present invention. The natural frequency of the vibration isolation unit should be less than 0.707 times the operating frequency of the mechanical equipment, that is, according to the quality of the mechanical equipment carried, adjust the axial stiffness of the outer bellows to meet the requirements of a certain vibration isolation transmission rate. According to different vibration-absorbing objects, the natural frequency of the vibration-absorbing unit can be designed to be equal to the natural frequency of the vibration-isolation unit or the same as the operating frequency of the mechanical equipment, that is, adjust the axial stiffness of the inner bellows and the mass of the mass block as required to meet Dynamic shock absorber requirements.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention adopts metal bellows, generally stainless steel, beryllium bronze or other metal materials, and the bellows can be U-shaped, V-shaped, C-shaped or S-shaped; the bellows has good axial elasticity and a small structure Damping, which can better reduce the vibration energy transmitted from mechanical equipment to the foundation, and has excellent vibration isolation performance;

2. When the vibration energy of the mechanical equipment is transmitted to the device, the vibration absorber composed of the inner bellows and the mass block can absorb part of the vibration energy of the mechanical equipment, thereby effectively controlling the vibration of the mechanical equipment itself, which has a great impact on reducing the mechanical equipment Vibration levels have a clear positive meaning;

3. The present invention creatively integrates the vibration isolator and the shock absorber. In engineering applications, the vibration control scheme provided by the present invention has strong applicability for occasions where the installation space is narrow and the use environment has special requirements;

4. When the particle damper is directly threaded with the inner cover, that is, the particle damper is fixedly connected to the mechanical equipment, it can significantly increase the internal loss factor of the mechanical structure, and can effectively reduce the vibration response amplitude of the mechanical equipment when it crosses resonance;

5. Compared with the air leakage problem of the traditional airbag type vibration isolation shock absorber, the present invention has no oil and gas leakage problem, does not need to install additional inflation devices, saves a lot of installation space and reduces additional equipment, and avoids these additional Energy consumption caused by equipment and additional mechanical vibration noise;

6. The material of the bellows can be made of stainless steel or other alloys, and its mechanical properties, oil resistance, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and other environmental adaptability are significantly better than airbag vibration isolation shock absorbers and rubber vibration isolation using polymer materials device.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the figure of the novel vibration control device with the function of vibration isolation and vibration absorption concurrently in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

2 is a diagram of a new vibration control device with vibration isolation and vibration absorption functions in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

3 is a diagram of a novel vibration control device with vibration isolation and vibration absorption functions in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Label names in the figure: 1. Outer bellows, 2. Upper end plate, 3. Lower end plate, 4. Inner cover, 5. Inner bellows, 6. Mass block, 7. Damping cavity, 8. Damping particles.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below by means of embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, a new type of vibration control device with both vibration isolation and vibration absorption functions, the two ends of the outer bellows 1 are respectively welded on the upper end plate 2 and the lower end plate 3; the middle position of the upper end plate 2 has a stepped through hole , and the inner cover 4 are connected by hexagon socket bolts; the two ends of the inner bellows 5 are respectively welded and fixed with the inner cover 4 and the mass block 6 . Both the upper end plate and the lower end plate have through holes at the edge positions, so as to be connected and fixed with mechanical equipment and foundation;

When the disturbing force generated by the mechanical equipment acts on the outer bellows 1 through the upper end plate 2 and the lower end plate 3, the outer bellows 1 can freely undergo axial deformation, providing the elastic restoring force required for vibration isolation, so that the transmission to the lower end plate 3 is also That is, the fundamental vibrational energy is largely isolated. According to different vibration-absorbing objects, the axial stiffness of the inner bellows 5 and the mass of the mass block 6 are designed to meet the requirements of dynamic vibration absorption, which can significantly reduce the vibration response of the upper end plate 2, that is, the mechanical equipment. This structural form can withstand the static and dynamic loads of heavy machinery and equipment. It can not only greatly isolate the vibration force transmitted to the foundation, but also reduce the vibration response of machinery and equipment, and play the function of a dynamic vibration absorber.

Example 2

As shown in Figure 2, a new type of vibration control device with both vibration isolation and vibration absorption functions, the two ends of the outer bellows 1 are respectively welded on the upper end plate 2 and the lower end plate 3; the middle position of the upper end plate 2 has a stepped through hole , and the inner cover 4 are connected by hexagon socket bolts; the two ends of the inner bellows 5 are respectively welded and fixed with the inner cover 4 and the damping cavity 7, and a certain number of damping particles 8 are installed in the damping cavity 7. the

When the disturbing force generated by the mechanical equipment acts on the outer bellows 1 through the upper end plate 2 and the lower end plate 3, the outer bellows 1 can freely undergo axial deformation, providing the elastic restoring force required for vibration isolation, so that the transmission to the lower end plate 3 is also That is, the fundamental vibrational energy is largely isolated. The damping particles 8 inside the damping cavity 7 not only lose vibration energy due to collisions and frictions, but the additional mass provided by them together with the damping cavity 7 constitutes the quality of the mass block in the vibration absorbing device, which is connected with the inner bellows 5 Playing the role of the dynamic vibration absorber can greatly reduce the vibration response of the damping cavity and prolong the service life of the inner bellows 5; The size and filling rate can not only greatly isolate the excitation force transmitted to the foundation, but also reduce the vibration response of the mechanical equipment itself, and play the function of a dynamic vibration absorber.

Example 3

As shown in Figure 3, a vibration control device with both vibration isolation and vibration absorption functions, the two ends of the outer bellows 1 are respectively welded on the upper end plate 2 and the lower end plate 3; the middle position of the upper end plate 2 has a stepped through hole , and the inner cover 4 are connected by hexagon socket bolts; the lower end of the inner cover 4 is provided with external threads, and the damping cavity 7 is connected with the inner cover 4 by threads, and a certain amount of damping particles 8 are installed in the damping cavity 7; Both ends of the bellows 5 are welded and fixed to the damping cavity 7 and the mass block 6 respectively. the

When the disturbing force generated by the mechanical equipment acts on the outer bellows 1 through the upper end plate 2 and the lower end plate 3, the outer bellows 1 can freely undergo axial deformation, providing the elastic restoring force required for vibration isolation, so that the transmission to the lower end plate 3 is also That is, the fundamental vibrational energy is largely isolated. The damping particles 8 inside the damping cavity 7 collide and rub against each other due to the vibration of the inner cover 4, which consumes the vibration energy of the mechanical equipment; the inner bellows 5 and the mass block 6 form a dynamic vibration absorber, which can greatly reduce the mechanical equipment Vibration response. Therefore, the design of the axial stiffness of each bellows, the quality of the mass and the reasonable selection of the material, size and filling rate of the damping particles in the damping cavity can not only greatly isolate the excitation force transmitted to the foundation, but also reduce the mechanical equipment itself. Vibration response, functioning as a dynamic shock absorber.

Claims (4)

1. vibration control apparatus that has vibration isolation, shock sucking function concurrently is characterized in that:

Formed by vibration isolation unit and absorbing unit;

Wherein vibration isolation unit is comprised of upper head plate (2), lower end sheet (3), the outward corrugated tube (1) that is connected between upper head plate and the lower end sheet; Wherein the absorbing unit comprises the inner corrugated pipe (5) that is connected in inner cap (4) lower end and the mass block (6) that is connected in the inner corrugated pipe lower end; Leave mass block (6) movement clearance between above-mentioned mass block (6) and the lower end sheet (3);

The natural frequency of above-mentioned vibration isolation unit is less than 0.707 times of the contained machinery frequency of okperation of upper head plate; Different according to the absorbing object, the natural frequency of above-mentioned absorbing unit is identical with the natural frequency of vibration isolation unit or identical with the frequency of okperation of machinery.

2. the vibration control apparatus that has vibration isolation, shock sucking function concurrently according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the mass block (6) of above-mentioned absorbing unit is comprised of solid metal or damping cavity (7) and the damping particles (8) of filling.

3. the vibration control apparatus that has vibration isolation, shock sucking function concurrently according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned absorbing unit also comprises the damping cavity (7) that is fixed between inner cap (4) and the inner corrugated pipe (5), and damping particles (8) is housed in the damping cavity (7); Inner cap (4) lower end is provided with outside thread, and damping cavity (7) is connected by screw thread with inner cap (4).

4. the vibration control apparatus that has vibration isolation, shock sucking function concurrently according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described outward corrugated tube (1) and inner corrugated pipe (5) are comprised of individual layer or multi-layer metal bellows.

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