CN115654019A - Magnetic suspension active three-degree-of-freedom bearing, motor and compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a magnetic suspension active three-degree-of-freedom bearing, a motor and a compressor, wherein the magnetic suspension active three-degree-of-freedom bearing comprises: the bearing rotor is fixedly sleeved on the peripheral wall of the rotating shaft, the radial stator is sleeved on the outer side of the bearing rotor, the first axial stator and the second axial stator are respectively sleeved on the outer side of the rotating shaft, and the first axial stator and the second axial stator are respectively and simultaneously positioned on two sides of the bearing rotor and the radial stator. According to the invention, the thrust disc of the magnetic suspension bearing is removed, the radial position of the rotating shaft is adjusted by utilizing the electromagnetic force between the radial stator and the bearing rotor, and the axial position of the rotating shaft is adjusted by utilizing the electromagnetic force between the first axial stator and the bearing rotor, and the second axial stator and the bearing rotor, so that three-degree-of-freedom adjustment of the rotating shaft is realized. The omission of the thrust disc enables the radial magnetic suspension bearing and the axial magnetic suspension bearing to have high integration, compact structure, easy assembly and obviously reduced bearing size.

Description

Magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing, motor, compressor

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of magnetic suspension bearings, and in particular relates to a magnetic suspension active three-degree-of-freedom bearing, a motor and a compressor.

Background technique

The magnetic suspension bearing uses the electromagnetic force on the rotor to levitate the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft and the stator remain in a non-contact state, so it has the advantages of no wear, high speed, high precision, and long life. Magnetic suspension bearings are referred to as magnetic bearings for short. Magnetic bearings can be divided into three categories according to their working principles: active magnetic bearings, passive magnetic bearings and hybrid magnetic bearings. Magnetic bearings include radial magnetic suspension bearings and axial magnetic suspension bearings. Radial magnetic suspension bearings adjust the position of the rotating shaft in the radial direction through the electromagnetic force between the bearing rotor and the fixed sleeve on the shaft. The electromagnetic force between the thrust discs on the rotating shaft adjusts the position of the rotating shaft in the axial direction, thereby realizing the three-degree-of-freedom adjustment of the rotating shaft. In the prior art, due to the existence of the thrust disc, the degree of integration of the radial magnetic suspension bearing and the axial magnetic suspension bearing is not high, and the final formed magnetic bearing has a complex structure, difficult assembly, and a large size.

Contents of the invention

Therefore, the present invention provides a magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing, which can overcome the shortcomings of existing magnetic bearings such as complex structure, difficult assembly, and large size.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing, including: a rotating shaft, a bearing rotor, a radial stator, a first axial stator and a second axial stator, and the bearing rotor is fixedly sleeved on the On the outer peripheral wall of the rotating shaft, the radial stator is sleeved on the outside of the bearing rotor, there is a radial working gap between the radial stator and the bearing rotor, the first axial stator and the second axial The stators are respectively fitted on the outside of the rotating shaft, and the first axial stator and the second axial stator are respectively located on both sides of the bearing rotor and the radial stator; the radial stator consists of four quadrants There are four pole units, the pole unit has a first pole and two second poles towards the inner side of the radial stator, along the circumferential direction of the radial stator, two of the second poles The poles are respectively located on both sides of the first pole and are symmetrical to the first pole. The first pole is wound with a first radial winding, and the second pole is wound with a second radial winding. winding; the first axial stator includes a first outer magnetic pole piece and a first inner magnetic pole ring, a first axial winding is arranged between the first outer magnetic pole piece and the first inner magnetic pole ring, and the first There is a first axial working gap between the inner pole ring and the bearing rotor; the second axial stator includes a second outer pole piece and a second inner pole ring, and the second outer pole piece and the second inner pole A second axial winding is arranged between the rings, and there is a second axial working gap between the second inner magnetic pole ring and the bearing rotor.

In some embodiments, the number of the first outer magnetic pole pieces is four, and the four first outer magnetic pole pieces are distributed along the circumferential direction of the first axial stator at intervals.

In some embodiments, the number of the second outer magnetic pole pieces is four, and the four second outer magnetic pole pieces are distributed along the circumferential direction of the second axial stator at intervals.

In some embodiments, the four first outer magnetic pole pieces are respectively adapted to the positions of the four first poles, two adjacent second poles are combined to form an assembly, and the four second poles The two outer magnetic pole pieces are adapted to the positions of the four assemblies respectively.

In some implementations, the first radial winding and the second radial winding generate a radial control magnetic circuit after being energized, the first axial winding generates a first axial control magnetic circuit after being energized, and the first axial winding generates a first axial control magnetic circuit. The direction of the magnetic force lines of an axial control magnetic circuit in the first pole column is the same as the direction of the magnetic force lines of the radial control magnetic circuit in the first pole column.

In some embodiments, the first axial control magnetic path passes through the first inner magnetic pole ring - the first axial working gap - the bearing rotor - the radial working gap - the first pole Post - the first outer magnetic pole piece returns to the first axial stator closed; the radial control magnetic path passes through the first pole post - the radial working gap - the bearing rotor - the radial Closed towards working gap - said second pole to said radial stator.

In some embodiments, the second axial control magnetic circuit is generated after the second axial winding is energized, and the direction of the magnetic force lines in the second pole column of the second axial control magnetic circuit is the same as that of the radial control magnetic circuit. The directions of the magnetic force lines of the magnetic circuit in the second poles are the same.

In some embodiments, the second axial control magnetic path passes through the second outer magnetic pole piece - the second pole column - the radial working gap - the bearing rotor - the second axial working Gap - the second inner magnetic pole ring is closed back to the second axial stator; the radial control magnetic path passes through the first pole - the radial working gap - the bearing rotor - the radial Closed towards working gap - said second pole to said radial stator.

In some embodiments, in the same pole unit, two of the second radial windings are connected in series.

In some embodiments, along the circumferential direction of the radial stator, the width of the first pole is greater than the width of the second pole.

In some embodiments, along the radial direction of the radial stator, both the first radial winding and the second radial winding are located radially outside of the first outer magnetic pole piece and the second outer magnetic pole piece.

The present invention also provides a motor, including the above-mentioned magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing.

The present invention also provides a compressor, including the above-mentioned magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing.

The invention provides a magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing, a motor, and a compressor. By removing the thrust plate, the radial position of the rotating shaft is adjusted by using the electromagnetic force between the radial stator and the bearing rotor. The axial position of the rotating shaft is adjusted by the electromagnetic force between the stator and the second axial direction between the stator and the bearing rotor, so as to realize the three-degree-of-freedom adjustment of the rotating shaft, that is, the position of the rotating shaft in the three directions of XYZ can be freely adjusted. The magnetic bearing of the present application eliminates the thrust plate when realizing the three-degree-of-freedom adjustment of the rotating shaft, so that the radial magnetic suspension bearing and the axial magnetic suspension bearing have high integration, compact structure, easy assembly, and significantly reduced bearing size.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a radial stator of a magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the A-A plane of the radial stator of the magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom axis of the embodiment of the present invention in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the B-B surface of the radial stator of the magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom axis of the embodiment of the present invention in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a front view of the first axial stator of the magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing according to the embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a front view of the second axial stator of the magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the first axial stator of the magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing according to the embodiment of the present invention.

The reference signs are indicated as:

1. Rotating shaft; 2. Bearing rotor; 3. Radial stator; 31. First pole; 32. Second pole; 33. First radial winding; 34. Second radial winding; 4. First shaft 41. The first outer magnetic pole piece; 42. The first inner magnetic pole ring; 43. The first axial winding; 5. The second axial stator; 51. The second outer magnetic pole piece; 52. The second inner magnetic pole ring ; 53, the second axial winding; 6, the radial working gap; 7, the first axial working gap; 8, the second axial working gap; 9, the radial control magnetic circuit; 10, the first axial control magnetic 11. The second axial control magnetic circuit.

Detailed ways

Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing is provided, including: a rotating shaft 1, a bearing rotor 2, a radial stator 3, a first axial stator 4 and a second Two axial stators 5, the bearing rotor 2 are fixedly set on the outer peripheral wall of the rotating shaft 1, the radial stator 3 is set on the outer side of the bearing rotor 2, there is a radial working gap 6 between the radial stator 3 and the bearing rotor 2, the first The axial stator 4 and the second axial stator 5 are respectively sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 1, and the first axial stator 4 and the second axial stator 5 are respectively located on both sides of the bearing rotor 2 and the radial stator 3 at the same time; The stator 3 includes four pole units separated by four quadrants. The pole unit has a first pole 31 and two second poles 32 towards the inner side of the radial stator 3. Along the circumferential direction of the radial stator 3, two The two second poles 32 are respectively located on both sides of the first pole 31 and are symmetrical to the first pole 31. The first pole 31 is wound with a first radial winding 33, and the second pole 32 is wound with a second pole. Two radial windings 34; the first axial stator 4 includes a first outer magnetic pole piece 41 and a first inner magnetic pole ring 42, and a first axial winding 43 is arranged between the first outer magnetic pole piece 41 and the first inner magnetic pole ring 42 , there is a first axial working gap 7 between the first inner magnetic pole ring 42 and the bearing rotor 2; the second axial stator 5 includes a second outer magnetic pole piece 51 and a second inner magnetic pole ring 52, the second outer magnetic pole piece 51 and A second axial winding 53 is arranged between the second inner magnetic pole rings 52 , and there is a second axial working gap 8 between the second inner magnetic pole ring 52 and the bearing rotor 2 . In this technical solution, by removing the thrust plate, the electromagnetic force between the radial stator 3 and the bearing rotor 2 is used to adjust the radial position of the rotating shaft 1, using the first axial stator 4 and the second axial stator 5 The electromagnetic force between the bearing and the rotor 2 is used to adjust the axial position of the rotating shaft 1, so as to realize the three-degree-of-freedom adjustment of the rotating shaft 1, that is, the position of the rotating shaft 1 in the three directions of XYZ can be freely adjusted. The magnetic suspension active three-degree-of-freedom bearing of the present application eliminates the thrust plate when realizing the three-degree-of-freedom adjustment of the rotating shaft 1, so that the radial magnetic suspension bearing and the axial magnetic suspension bearing have high integration, compact structure, easy assembly, and low bearing size. Significantly reduced. In the case of having these advantages, the magnetic bearing can also increase the critical speed of the bearing rotor 2 and improve the stability and applicability of the magnetic levitation system. Wherein, after the first radial winding 33 and the second radial winding 34 are energized, the generated electromagnetic force is used to realize the suspension of the combination of the bearing rotor 2 and the rotating shaft 1, when the position of the rotating shaft 1 in the radial direction needs to be adjusted , can be realized by increasing the radial winding current in the corresponding quadrant or in the corresponding combined quadrant; when the axial position of the rotating shaft 1 needs to be adjusted, by increasing the first axial winding 43 of the first axial stator 4 current or increase the current of the second axial winding 53 of the second axial stator 5 to achieve. According to the change of the size of the magnetic bearing itself, the number of poles of the radial stator 3 will also be different. The magnetic levitation bearing within a certain size range corresponds to the corresponding number of poles, otherwise the number of poles is too small and adjacent poles will appear If the distance between them is too large and the number of poles is too large, the distance between adjacent poles will be too small to facilitate winding. The magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing of the present application corresponds to 12 poles according to its own size. More importantly, in the same pole unit of the present application, the two second poles 32 are symmetrical with respect to the first pole 31, and the first radial winding 33 and the second radial winding 34 can be connected to The current in the opposite direction makes the two second poles 32 and the first pole 31 present opposite polarities, so in the same quadrant, the resultant force of the electromagnetic force generated after electrification is always on the center line of the first pole 31 , which is more conducive to adjusting the position of the bearing rotor 2 in the radial direction, that is, it is more conducive to adjusting the position of the rotating shaft 1 in the radial direction. For the two left and right first axial stators 4 and second axial stators 5, by arranging outer magnetic pole pieces and inner magnetic pole rings on them, a recessed area is formed between the outer magnetic pole pieces and inner magnetic pole rings, thereby facilitating the arrangement Axial winding, and at the same time, the outer magnetic pole piece can reduce the magnetic flux leakage of the radial stator 3 in the axial direction. Both the first axial winding 43 and the second axial winding 53 are in single-coil mode, the first axial winding 43 is arranged around the first inner magnetic pole ring 42, and the second axial winding 53 is arranged around the second inner magnetic pole ring 52, also That is, both the first axial winding 43 and the second axial winding 53 are arranged around the rotating shaft 1 . When the axial winding is energized, the inner magnetic pole ring can apply a uniform electromagnetic force to the circumferential direction of the bearing rotor 2, which is more conducive to adjusting the position of the bearing rotor 2 in the axial direction, that is, it is more conducive to adjusting the axial position of the rotating shaft 1. position on the

Specifically, the number of the first outer magnetic pole pieces 41 is four, and the four first outer magnetic pole pieces 41 are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the stator 4 along the first axial direction.

Referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 in combination, compared with setting the first outer magnetic pole as an entire outer magnetic ring, a plurality of first outer magnetic pole pieces 41 are evenly spaced and distributed in the circumferential direction of the stator 4 in the first axial direction, In this way, the magnetic leakage of the radial magnetic circuit on the adjacent first pole 31 or the second pole 32 on the outer circle of the first axial stator 4 can be avoided, and only the air gap magnetic field on the radial pole can be enhanced.

Specifically, the number of the second outer magnetic pole pieces 51 is four, and the four second outer magnetic pole pieces 51 are distributed along the second axial direction at intervals in the circumferential direction of the stator 5 .

As shown in FIG. 5 , compared with setting the second outer magnetic pole as the entire outer magnetic ring form, a plurality of second outer magnetic pole pieces 51 are evenly spaced and distributed in the circumferential direction of the second axial stator 5 , which can avoid The magnetic flux leakage phenomenon of the radial magnetic circuit on the adjacent first pole 31 or the second pole 32 on the outer circle of the stator 5 in the second axial direction only strengthens the air gap magnetic field on the radial pole.

As a specific embodiment, the four first outer magnetic pole pieces 41 are respectively adapted to the positions of the four first pole columns 31, and two adjacent second pole columns 32 are combined to form a combination, and the four second outer magnetic poles Block 51 is adapted to the positions of the four assemblies respectively.

In this embodiment, when the four first outer magnetic pole pieces 41 are respectively adapted to the positions of the four first pole columns 31, and the four second outer magnetic pole pieces 51 are respectively adapted to the positions of the four assemblies, it is possible Avoiding the magnetic fields generated by the first axial winding 43 and the second axial winding 53 from acting on the same pole, preventing the saturation of the magnetic flux on the same pole. Wherein, the first axial stator 4 and the second axial stator 5 have the same structure, but they are relatively offset by a certain angle during assembly.

Specifically, both the first radial winding 33 and the second radial winding 34 generate a radial control magnetic circuit 9 after being energized, and the first axial winding 43 generates a first axial control magnetic circuit 10 after being energized, and the first axial control The direction of the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit 10 in the first pole 31 is the same as the direction of the magnetic flux of the radial control magnetic circuit 9 in the first pole 31 .

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the current flow direction in the first radial winding 33 is right-in and left-out, the magnetic pole of the first pole column 31 is S pole, and the current flow direction in the first axial winding 43 is downward inflow. If the magnetic pole of the first inner magnetic pole ring 42 is N pole, the direction of the magnetic force lines of the first axial control magnetic circuit 10 in the first pole column 31 and the direction of the radial control magnetic circuit 9 in the first pole column 31 can be realized. The direction of the magnetic force lines is the same. It is also possible to change the current flow direction so that the current flow direction in the first radial winding 33 is left-in and right-out, so that the magnetic pole of the first pole column 31 is N pole, so that the current flow direction of the first axial winding 43 is up-in and down-out. , then the magnetic pole of the first pole 31 is S pole, and the direction of the magnetic force lines of the first axial control magnetic circuit 10 in the first pole 31 and the direction of the magnetic force lines of the radial control magnetic circuit 9 in the first pole 31 can also be realized. same direction. When the direction of the magnetic force lines of the first axial control magnetic circuit 10 in the first pole column 31 is the same as the direction of the magnetic force lines of the radial control magnetic circuit 9 in the first pole column 31, that is, the axial magnetic circuit will not affect the radial magnetic force. The reduction of the path will increase the radial air gap magnetic flux and enhance the magnetic attraction force of the first pole column 31 to the bearing rotor 2 . But this is only the influence of the axial magnetic flux on the pole in one quadrant, and the enhancement of the axial magnetic flux to the radial magnetic flux in the four quadrants cancels each other out, that is, the radial magnetic flux of the integrated magnetic bearing Although both the axial magnetic circuit and the axial magnetic circuit flow through the bearing rotor 2, even if the axial magnetic circuit changes, it will not affect the overall radial magnetic circuit, so that the axial magnetic circuit and the radial magnetic circuit play their respective roles. , which simplifies the control of the magnetic bearing.

As a specific implementation, the second axial control magnetic circuit 11 is generated after the second axial winding 53 is energized, and the direction of the magnetic force lines of the second axial control magnetic circuit 11 in the second pole column 32 and the radial control magnetic circuit 9 The directions of the magnetic lines of force in the second pole 32 are the same.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the current flow in the second radial winding 34 is left-in and right-out, the magnetic pole of the second pole 32 is N pole, and the current in the second axial winding 53 flows in downward and upward. , the magnetic pole of the second inner magnetic pole ring 52 is S pole, the direction of the magnetic force lines of the second axial control magnetic circuit 11 in the second pole column 32 is the same as the direction of the magnetic force lines of the radial control magnetic circuit 9 in the second pole column 32; It is also possible to change the current flow direction so that the current flow direction in the second radial winding 34 is right-in and left-out, the magnetic pole of the second pole column 32 is S pole, and the current flow in the second axial winding 53 flows upward and downward. The magnetic pole of the inner magnetic pole ring 52 is N-pole, so that the direction of the magnetic force lines of the second axial control magnetic circuit 11 in the second pole column 32 is the same as the direction of the magnetic force lines of the radial control magnetic circuit 9 in the second pole column 32 . When the direction of the magnetic force lines of the second axial control magnetic circuit 11 in the second pole column 32 is the same as the direction of the magnetic force lines of the radial control magnetic circuit 9 in the second pole column 32, that is, the axial magnetic circuit will not affect the radial magnetic field. If the circuit is reduced, the magnetic field of the second axial control magnetic circuit 11 will not affect the magnetic attraction force of the second pole column 32 to the bearing rotor 2, that is, the radial control magnetic circuit 9 and the second axial control magnetic circuit 11 are mutually independent. Influence, each plays its own role. To sum up, in the same pole unit, the magnetic poles on the three poles are arranged as NSN, and the magnetic poles on the three poles can also be arranged as SNS by changing the current flow direction. At the same time, the first axial winding 43 and The current flow direction in the second axial winding 53 also needs to be adaptively changed.

As a specific implementation, the first axial control magnetic circuit 10 passes through the first inner magnetic pole ring 42-the first axial working gap 7-the bearing rotor 2-the radial working gap 6-the first pole column 31-the first The outer magnetic pole piece 41 returns to the first axial stator 4 to close; the second axial control magnetic circuit 11 passes through the second outer magnetic pole piece 51-second pole column 32-radial working gap 6-bearing rotor 2-second axial Working gap 8-the second inner magnetic pole ring 52 returns to the second axial stator 5 to close; the radial control magnetic circuit 9 passes through the first pole column 31-radial working gap 6-bearing rotor 2-radial working gap 6-the first The dipoles 32 are closed to the radial stator 3 .

As a specific implementation manner, in the same pole unit, two second radial windings 34 are connected in series.

In this embodiment, in the same pole unit, the magnetic poles of the two second poles 32 need to be the same. When the two second radial windings 34 are connected in series, only one current is needed to ensure the two second poles The magnetic poles of the posts 32 are the same.

As a specific implementation manner, along the radial direction of the circumference of the stator 3 , the width of the first pole 31 is greater than the width of the second pole 32 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , in the same pole unit, two directional control magnetic circuits 9 are generated, and the two directional control magnetic circuits 9 pass through the first pole 31 and return to the corresponding second pole at the same time. 32. When the width of the first pole 31 is greater than the width of the second pole 32, that is, the first pole 31 is a large tooth, and the second pole 32 is a small tooth, it is more conducive to the optimization of the magnetic circuit and the strength of the magnetic field. weak control.

Specifically, along the radial direction of the radial stator 3 , the first radial winding 33 and the second radial winding 34 are located radially outside of the first outer magnetic pole piece 41 and the second outer magnetic pole piece 51 .

In this embodiment, when the first radial winding 33 and the second radial winding 34 are both on the radial outside of the first outer magnetic pole piece 41 and the second outer magnetic pole piece 51, it is possible to prevent the radial control magnetic circuit 9 from Flux leakage in the axial direction eliminates unevenness in the axial output and circumferential direction.

As shown in Figure 1, when it is necessary to control the movement of the rotating shaft 1 to the upper left, the current on the first radial winding 33 in the second quadrant can be increased, or the current on the second radial winding 34 in the quadrant can be increased, or Simultaneously increase the current on the first radial winding 33 and the second radial winding 34 in this quadrant; The current on the winding 33, or increase the current on the second radial winding 34 in the first quadrant and the second quadrant simultaneously; Or increase the first radial winding in the first quadrant and the second quadrant simultaneously 33 and the current on the second radial winding 34. In the radial direction, if it is desired to control the rotation shaft 1 to move in other directions, the aforementioned control principle can be used. As shown in Figure 2, when the rotating shaft 1 needs to be controlled to move axially to the left, the current of the first axial winding 43 is increased, and the electromagnetic force to the left of the bearing rotor 2 is increased, and the bearing rotor 2 is under the action of the electromagnetic force Drive the rotating shaft 1 to move to the left; as shown in Figure 3, when it is necessary to control the rotating shaft 1 to move axially to the right, increase the current of the second axial winding 53, and the bearing rotor 2 is subjected to an increase in the electromagnetic force to the right, then The bearing rotor 2 drives the rotating shaft 1 to move to the right under the action of the electromagnetic force, thereby adjusting the position of the bearing rotor 2 in the axial direction by controlling the current magnitude of the first axial winding 43 and the second axial winding 53, thereby adjusting the rotating shaft 1 on the axial position.

The present invention also provides a motor, including the above-mentioned magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing.

The present invention also provides a compressor, including the above-mentioned magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing.

Those skilled in the art can easily understand that, on the premise of no conflict, the above-mentioned advantageous modes can be freely combined and superimposed.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Inside. The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be It is regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. A magnetic suspension active three-degree-of-freedom bearing is characterized in that it comprises a rotating shaft (1), a bearing rotor (2), a radial stator (3), a first axial stator (4) and a second axial stator ( 5), the bearing rotor (2) is fixedly sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the rotating shaft (1), the radial stator (3) is sleeved on the outside of the bearing rotor (2), and the radial stator ( 3) There is a radial working gap (6) between the bearing rotor (2), and the first axial stator (4) and the second axial stator (5) are respectively sleeved on the shaft (1) The outer side, and the first axial stator (4) and the second axial stator (5) are respectively located on both sides of the bearing rotor (2) and the radial stator (3); The radial stator (3) includes four pole units separated by four quadrants, and the pole unit has a first pole (31) and two second poles facing the inside of the radial stator (3). Poles (32), along the circumferential direction of the radial stator (3), the two second poles (32) are respectively located on both sides of the first pole (31) and relative to the first pole A pole (31) is symmetrical, a first radial winding (33) is wound on the first pole (31), and a second radial winding (34) is wound on the second pole (32); The first axial stator (4) includes a first outer magnetic pole piece (41) and a first inner magnetic pole ring (42), between the first outer magnetic pole piece (41) and the first inner magnetic pole ring (42) A first axial winding (43) is provided, and there is a first axial working gap (7) between the first inner magnetic pole ring (42) and the bearing rotor (2); the second axial stator ( 5) comprising a second outer magnetic pole piece (51) and a second inner magnetic pole ring (52), and a second axial winding ( 53), there is a second axial working gap (8) between the second inner magnetic pole ring (52) and the bearing rotor (2). 2. The magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, the number of the first outer magnetic pole pieces (41) is four, and the four first outer magnetic pole pieces (41) are along the The circumferential intervals of the first axial stator (4) are distributed. 3. The magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, the number of the second outer magnetic pole pieces (51) is four, and the four second outer magnetic pole pieces (51) are along the The circumferential spacing of the second axial stator (5) is distributed. 4. The magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that, the four first outer magnetic pole pieces (41) are respectively adapted to the positions of the four first pole columns (31) , two adjacent second poles (32) are combined to form a combination, and the four second outer magnetic pole pieces (51) are respectively adapted to the positions of the four combinations. 5. The magnetic suspension active three-degree-of-freedom bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that, the radial control magnetic circuit ( 9), the first axial control magnetic circuit (10) is generated after the first axial winding (43) is energized, and the first axial control magnetic circuit (10) is in the first pole column (31) The direction of the magnetic force lines is the same as the direction of the magnetic force lines of the radial control magnetic circuit (9) in the first pole column (31). 6. The magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that, the first axial control magnetic circuit (10) passes through the first inner magnetic pole ring (42)-the first axis To the working gap (7) - the bearing rotor (2) - the radial working gap (6) - the first pole column (31) - the first outer magnetic pole piece (41) back to the first An axial stator (4) is closed; the radial control magnetic circuit (9) passes through the first pole (31) - the radial working gap (6) - the bearing rotor (2) - the Radial working gap (6) - said second pole (32) to said radial stator (3) closed. 7. The magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that, the second axial control magnetic circuit (11) is generated after the second axial winding (53) is energized, and the second axial The direction of the magnetic force lines to the control magnetic circuit (11) in the second pole column (32) is the same as the direction of the magnetic force lines of the radial control magnetic circuit (9) in the second pole column (32). 8. The magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing according to claim 7, characterized in that, the second axial control magnetic circuit (11) passes through the second outer magnetic pole piece (51)-the second pole Column (32)-the radial working gap (6)-the bearing rotor (2)-the second axial working gap (8)-the second inner magnetic pole ring (52) returns to the first The two axial stators (5) are closed; the radial control magnetic circuit (9) passes through the first pole (31)-the radial working gap (6)-the bearing rotor (2)-the Radial working gap (6) - said second pole (32) to said radial stator (3) closed. 9. The magnetic suspension active three-degree-of-freedom bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the same pole unit, two of the second radial windings (34) are connected in series. 10. The magnetic suspension active three-degree-of-freedom bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, along the circumferential direction of the radial stator (3), the width of the first pole (31) is greater than that of the second The width of pole (32). 11. The magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, along the radial direction of the radial stator (3), the first radial winding (33) and the second radial winding (34) are located radially outside of the first outer magnetic pole piece (41) and the second outer magnetic pole piece (51). 12. A motor, characterized by comprising the active magnetic levitation three-degree-of-freedom bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 11. 13. A compressor, characterized in that it comprises the magnetic levitation active three-degree-of-freedom bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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