CN115111265A - Asymmetric electromagnetic bearing - Google Patents
Asymmetric electromagnetic bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN115111265A CN115111265A CN202210863058.3A CN202210863058A CN115111265A CN 115111265 A CN115111265 A CN 115111265A CN 202210863058 A CN202210863058 A CN 202210863058A CN 115111265 A CN115111265 A CN 115111265A
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- Prior art keywords
- quadrant
- magnetic poles
- electromagnetic bearing
- magnetic
- magnetic pole
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
- F16C32/0461—Details of the magnetic circuit of stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
- F16C32/0468—Details of the magnetic circuit of moving parts of the magnetic circuit, e.g. of the rotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0474—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement
- F16C32/048—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement with active support of two degrees of freedom, e.g. radial magnetic bearings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The asymmetric electromagnetic bearing comprises a rotor and a stator, wherein the stator is provided with a plurality of magnetic poles, the magnetic poles are divided into four groups and are sequentially distributed in a first quadrant, a second quadrant, a third quadrant and a fourth quadrant, the magnetic poles positioned in the first quadrant and the magnetic poles positioned in the third quadrant are in central symmetry distribution, the magnetic poles positioned in the second quadrant and the magnetic poles positioned in the fourth quadrant are in central symmetry distribution, the cross sectional areas of the magnetic poles positioned in the first quadrant and the magnetic poles positioned in the second quadrant are the same and are S, the cross sectional areas of the magnetic poles positioned in the third quadrant and the magnetic poles positioned in the fourth quadrant are the same and are S & gt S, each group of magnetic poles are respectively wound with coils, the number of turns of the coils wound by each group of magnetic poles is the same, and the rotor is arranged among the four groups of magnetic poles to form the asymmetric electromagnetic bearing in a combined mode. The invention has simple structure and convenient installation and maintenance, can meet the transportation requirement of the electromagnetic bearing under the condition of providing lower bias current, and can effectively improve the efficiency of the electromagnetic bearing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of bearings, in particular to an asymmetric electromagnetic bearing.
Background
Compared with the traditional ball bearing, sliding bearing and oil film bearing, the electromagnetic bearing has no mechanical contact, the rotor can reach very high running speed, and the electromagnetic bearing has the advantages of small mechanical wear, low energy consumption, low noise, long service life, no lubrication, no oil pollution and the like, is particularly suitable for special environments such as high speed, vacuum, ultra-clean and the like, can be widely applied to machining, turbo machinery, aerospace, vacuum technology and the like, and is recognized as a promising novel bearing.
Because of the structure of the electromagnetic bearing, in order to ensure that the rotor of the electromagnetic bearing overcomes gravity and is suspended, the current of a coil of the electromagnetic bearing needs to be composed of control current and bias current, at present, the bias current is generally controlled to be half of the maximum current allowed by the coil, a differential control method is adopted, the control linearization is good in the mode, but the coil is seriously heated due to the large bias current, and the power consumption is large.
In addition, the load of the general electromagnetic bearing is calculated according to the maximum stress when the load is designed, and the stress of the magnetic pole at the top of the electromagnetic bearing is larger, so the load is usually calculated according to the magnetic pole at the top. However, the magnetic pole area and the number of coil turns of the conventional electromagnetic bearing are the same, so that the bearing capacity of the magnetic pole at the bottom of the electromagnetic bearing is quite abundant, which is not favorable for the miniaturization of the bearing design.
Therefore, it is an urgent need to solve the problem of how to miniaturize and reduce the strength of the bias current while ensuring the normal operation of the electromagnetic bearing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides an asymmetric electromagnetic bearing which is simple in structure and convenient to install and maintain, can meet the transportation requirement of the electromagnetic bearing under the condition of providing lower bias current, and can effectively improve the efficiency of the electromagnetic bearing.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the asymmetric electromagnetic bearing comprises a rotor and a stator, wherein the stator is provided with a plurality of magnetic poles, the magnetic poles are divided into four groups and are sequentially distributed in a first quadrant, a second quadrant, a third quadrant and a fourth quadrant, the magnetic poles positioned in the first quadrant and the magnetic poles positioned in the third quadrant are in central symmetry distribution, the magnetic poles positioned in the second quadrant and the magnetic poles positioned in the fourth quadrant are in central symmetry distribution, the cross sectional areas of the magnetic poles positioned in the first quadrant and the magnetic poles positioned in the second quadrant are the same and are S, the cross sectional areas of the magnetic poles positioned in the third quadrant and the magnetic poles positioned in the fourth quadrant are the same and are S & gt S, each group of magnetic poles are respectively wound with coils, the number of turns of the coils wound by each group of magnetic poles is the same, and the rotor is arranged among the four groups of magnetic poles to form the asymmetric electromagnetic bearing in a combined mode.
The number of each group of magnetic poles is at least one, and the magnetic poles are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the stator.
The number of each group of magnetic poles is three, and the cross-sectional area of the magnetic pole of each group of magnetic poles positioned in the middle of the quadrant is the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the magnetic poles positioned on the two sides of the quadrant.
Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme to have following beneficial effect:
1. asymmetric electromagnetic bearing includes the rotor to and the stator, and the stator is equipped with a plurality of magnetic poles, and a plurality of magnetic poles divide into four groups, and distribute in proper order in first quadrant, second quadrant, third quadrant, fourth quadrant for provide the adsorption affinity of four directions to the rotor, on the basis of guaranteeing rotor operating stability, simplify the electromagnetic bearing structure, reduce the control degree of difficulty. The magnetic poles positioned in the first quadrant and the magnetic poles positioned in the third quadrant are in central symmetry distribution, two acting forces in opposite directions are applied to the rotor, the magnetic poles positioned in the second quadrant and the magnetic poles positioned in the fourth quadrant are in central symmetry distribution, and the two acting forces in opposite directions are applied to the rotor, so that the number of generated component forces is reduced, the electromagnetic utilization rate is improved, and the control difficulty is reduced. The cross-sectional areas of the magnetic poles in the first quadrant and the magnetic poles in the second quadrant are the same and are S, that is, on the premise that the number of the winding coils is the same, the magnetic poles in the first quadrant and the magnetic poles in the second quadrant respectively provide acting forces which are the same in size and are obliquely upward from right to left to the rotor. The cross sectional areas of the magnetic poles in the third quadrant and the magnetic poles in the fourth quadrant are the same and are s, that is, on the premise that the number of the winding coils is the same, the magnetic poles in the third quadrant and the magnetic poles in the fourth quadrant respectively provide acting forces which are the same in size and are inclined downwards from left to right and downward from right to the rotor. The cross sectional area S of the magnetic pole positioned in the first quadrant and the magnetic pole positioned in the second quadrant is larger than the cross sectional area S of the magnetic pole positioned in the third quadrant and the magnetic pole positioned in the fourth quadrant, each group of magnetic poles are respectively wound with a coil, and the number of turns of the coil wound by each group of magnetic poles is the same, the rotor is arranged among the four groups of magnetic poles to form an asymmetric electromagnetic bearing in a combined mode, namely, the electromagnetic bearing with the structure has the advantages that on the basis of the same control current, the acting force in the right oblique upward direction and the left oblique upward direction is greater than the acting force in the left oblique downward direction and the right oblique downward direction, the generated component force counteracts the gravity of the rotor, only small bias current needs to be introduced, the maximum stress load can be satisfied, the stable rotation of the rotor among four groups of magnetic poles can be ensured, in addition, the current density of the coil is greatly reduced by smaller bias current, the heat productivity of each magnetic pole coil can be effectively reduced, the utilization efficiency of current is improved, and the loss of the controller is reduced.
2. This patent application is through the cross-sectional area of increase first quadrant magnetic pole, second quadrant magnetic pole, so reduce the bias current size, also can satisfy the biggest atress load, and reduce the surplus magnetic force of third quadrant magnetic pole, fourth quadrant magnetic pole, can also further reduce the axial length of stator, rotor, improve rotor dynamics performance.
The following further description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the distribution of the stator and rotor of the present invention.
In the drawing, 1 is a rotor, and 2 is a stator.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, a specific embodiment of an asymmetric electromagnetic bearing is shown. The asymmetric electromagnetic bearing comprises a rotor 1 and a stator 2, wherein the stator 2 is provided with twelve magnetic poles, and of course, sixteen magnetic poles can be designed according to actual requirements. Twelve magnetic poles are divided into four groups and are sequentially distributed in a first quadrant, a second quadrant, a third quadrant and a fourth quadrant, namely, the number of one group of magnetic poles is three, the magnetic poles positioned in the first quadrant and the magnetic poles positioned in the third quadrant are in central symmetry distribution, the magnetic poles positioned in the second quadrant and the magnetic poles positioned in the fourth quadrant are in central symmetry distribution, in the embodiment, each group of magnetic poles comprises a first magnetic pole, a second magnetic pole and a third magnetic pole, obviously, each magnetic pole faces to the center along the radial direction, the second magnetic pole is positioned in the middle quadrant corresponding to the first magnetic pole, the first magnetic pole and the third magnetic pole are respectively positioned on two sides of the second magnetic pole and are in axial symmetry along the central line of the second magnetic pole, wherein the cross-sectional areas of the magnetic poles positioned in the first quadrant and the magnetic poles positioned in the second quadrant are the same and are S, particularly, the widths of the second magnetic poles positioned in the first quadrant and the second magnetic poles positioned in the second quadrant are both 24mm, the widths of the first magnetic pole and the third magnetic pole in the first quadrant are both 12mm, and the widths of the first magnetic pole and the third magnetic pole in the second quadrant are both 12 mm. The cross sectional areas of the magnetic poles in the third quadrant and the magnetic poles in the fourth quadrant are the same and are S, specifically, the widths of the second magnetic pole in the third quadrant and the second magnetic pole in the fourth quadrant are both 16mm, the widths of the first magnetic pole in the third quadrant and the third magnetic pole in the third quadrant are both 8mm, the widths of the first magnetic pole in the fourth quadrant and the third magnetic pole in the fourth quadrant are both 8mm, and obviously, the cross sectional areas S of the magnetic poles in the first quadrant and the second quadrant are greater than the cross sectional areas S of the magnetic poles in the third quadrant and the magnetic poles in the fourth quadrant, and obviously, the polarities of the first magnetic pole and the third magnetic pole are the same, and the polarity of the second magnetic pole is different from the polarities of the first magnetic pole and the third magnetic pole. Each group of magnetic poles are respectively wound with coils, and the number of turns of the coils wound by each group of magnetic poles is the same. The rotor 1 is arranged among the four groups of magnetic poles and combined to form an asymmetric electromagnetic bearing.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: control currents with the same magnitude are respectively led into coils of four groups of magnetic poles which are opposite to each other in a first quadrant, a second quadrant, a third quadrant and a fourth quadrant, the rotors in the middle are under the action of right oblique upward, left oblique downward and right oblique downward, the acting forces of the right oblique upward and left oblique upward are larger than the acting forces of the left oblique downward and right oblique downward, the generated component force counteracts the gravity of the rotors, and the rotors can be ensured to stably rotate among the four groups of magnetic poles only by leading in small bias currents.
Claims (3)
1. An asymmetric electromagnetic bearing, characterized by: comprises a rotor (1) and a stator (2), the stator (2) is provided with a plurality of magnetic poles,
the magnetic poles are divided into four groups and are sequentially distributed in a first quadrant, a second quadrant, a third quadrant and a fourth quadrant, the magnetic poles positioned in the first quadrant and the magnetic poles positioned in the third quadrant are in central symmetry distribution, the magnetic poles positioned in the second quadrant and the magnetic poles positioned in the fourth quadrant are in central symmetry distribution,
wherein the cross sectional areas of the magnetic pole in the first quadrant and the magnetic pole in the second quadrant are the same and are S, the cross sectional areas of the magnetic pole in the third quadrant and the magnetic pole in the fourth quadrant are the same and are S, and S is more than S,
each group of magnetic poles are respectively wound with coils, the number of turns of the coils wound by each group of magnetic poles is the same,
the rotor (1) is arranged among the four groups of magnetic poles and combined to form the asymmetric electromagnetic bearing.
2. The asymmetric electromagnetic bearing of claim 1, wherein: the number of each group of magnetic poles is at least one, and the magnetic poles are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the stator (2).
3. The asymmetric electromagnetic bearing of claim 1, wherein: the number of each group of magnetic poles is three, and the cross-sectional area of the magnetic pole of each group of magnetic poles positioned in the middle of the quadrant is the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the magnetic poles positioned on the two sides of the quadrant.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210863058.3A CN115111265A (en) | 2022-07-21 | 2022-07-21 | Asymmetric electromagnetic bearing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210863058.3A CN115111265A (en) | 2022-07-21 | 2022-07-21 | Asymmetric electromagnetic bearing |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115111265A true CN115111265A (en) | 2022-09-27 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210863058.3A Pending CN115111265A (en) | 2022-07-21 | 2022-07-21 | Asymmetric electromagnetic bearing |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN115111265A (en) |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62184223A (en) * | 1986-02-07 | 1987-08-12 | Hitachi Ltd | Magnetic bearing |
| WO1997004243A1 (en) * | 1995-07-14 | 1997-02-06 | The Glacier Metal Company Limited | Electromagnetic bearing |
| WO2001048389A2 (en) * | 1999-12-27 | 2001-07-05 | Lust Antriebstechnik Gmbh | Magnetic bearing system |
| CN104214218A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2014-12-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method and structure capable of balancing static loads in magnetic bearing |
| US20190024667A1 (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2019-01-24 | Edwards Japan Limited | Electromagnetic unit, magnetic bearing device, and vacuum pump |
| EP3499062A1 (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-06-19 | Skf Magnetic Mechatronics | A magnetic bearing assembly |
| CN110131313A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-16 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of magnetic bearing |
| CN111425523A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-07-17 | 天津大学 | Hybrid radial permanent magnet biased magnetic bearing |
| CN112324802A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-02-05 | 天津大学 | Radial magnetic suspension bearing without position sensor |
-
2022
- 2022-07-21 CN CN202210863058.3A patent/CN115111265A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62184223A (en) * | 1986-02-07 | 1987-08-12 | Hitachi Ltd | Magnetic bearing |
| WO1997004243A1 (en) * | 1995-07-14 | 1997-02-06 | The Glacier Metal Company Limited | Electromagnetic bearing |
| WO2001048389A2 (en) * | 1999-12-27 | 2001-07-05 | Lust Antriebstechnik Gmbh | Magnetic bearing system |
| CN104214218A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2014-12-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method and structure capable of balancing static loads in magnetic bearing |
| US20190024667A1 (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2019-01-24 | Edwards Japan Limited | Electromagnetic unit, magnetic bearing device, and vacuum pump |
| EP3499062A1 (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-06-19 | Skf Magnetic Mechatronics | A magnetic bearing assembly |
| US20190186537A1 (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-06-20 | Skf Magnetic Mechatronics | Magnetic bearing assembly |
| CN110017327A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-07-16 | 斯凯孚磁性机械技术公司 | Magnetic bearing component |
| CN110131313A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-16 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of magnetic bearing |
| CN111425523A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-07-17 | 天津大学 | Hybrid radial permanent magnet biased magnetic bearing |
| CN112324802A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-02-05 | 天津大学 | Radial magnetic suspension bearing without position sensor |
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