CN115653713A - Thermal mass energy storage device based on heat pump cycle and control method - Google Patents
Thermal mass energy storage device based on heat pump cycle and control method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 49
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical group FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal mass energy storage device based on heat pump circulation and a control method thereof, wherein the device comprises an energy storage compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, an energy release turbine, an energy release cooler, an energy storage heat exchanger, a cold storage tank, an energy release heat exchanger, a high-temperature storage tank, a low-temperature storage tank, a heat pump system and the like; the method utilizes redundant electric energy in the power grid to compress the thermal mass to store pressure energy and heat energy, finishes the energy release process in the peak period of power utilization, and realizes the circulation of the energy storage device and the peak regulation effect of the power grid. The heat pump system is arranged in the energy storage device to increase the inlet temperature of the energy release turbine, so that the working capacity of the turbine is increased, and the efficient conversion of electric energy to mechanical energy is realized; meanwhile, the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator and the condenser in the energy storage device is effectively improved by the shunting heat exchange system, the evaporator and the condenser are favorably miniaturized, and the device cost is reduced. The invention can effectively reduce the energy waste in the energy storage and release processes, carry out high-efficiency thermoelectric storage and conversion and improve the energy storage efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of peak shaving energy storage devices and control, and particularly relates to a thermal mass energy storage device based on heat pump circulation and a control method.
Background
With the increasing demand for clean energy, it becomes a necessary choice to vigorously develop new energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, etc. to slow down the consumption of traditional fossil energy. Clean energy commonly used at present has characteristics such as intermittent type nature and volatility, needs thermal power generating unit peak regulation cooperation, but is in the operation under the non-rated operating mode for a long time and can cause very big injury to the unit to direct being incorporated into the power networks also can cause certain impact to the electric wire netting, and user's power consumption peak period is difficult to keep unanimous with clean energy power generation peak simultaneously.
The energy storage technology is one of the key research directions in the future energy field, an energy storage system usually uses media or equipment to store electric energy and release the electric energy when needed, the energy storage technology which is beneficial to the peak regulation of a power grid system comprises pumped storage, compressed air energy storage, electrochemical energy storage and the like, but two upstream and downstream reservoirs are required to be arranged for pumped storage application, so that great limitation can be generated on site selection, the construction period is long, and the engineering investment is large; compressed air energy storage needs to store high-pressure air into an underground mine or a karst cave, and the problems of long construction period, easy leakage of compressed air and the like exist; the electrochemical energy storage has the problems of scale grade limitation and the like. Meanwhile, a thermoelectric energy storage system based on carbon dioxide circulation is gradually developed, and carbon dioxide is compressed and stored in the valley of power utilization and expanded to do work and release energy in the peak of power utilization. However, the above cycle has more energy waste in the energy storage and release processes, which affects the energy storage efficiency of the whole system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the energy storage system, the invention provides a thermal mass energy storage device based on heat pump circulation and a control method thereof.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a thermal mass energy storage device based on heat pump circulation comprises a gas storage unit, a first energy storage compressor, a second energy storage compressor, a condenser, a liquid storage unit, an evaporator, a first energy releasing turbine, a second energy releasing turbine, an energy releasing cooler, a first energy storage heat exchanger, a second energy storage heat exchanger, a cold storage tank, a first energy releasing heat exchanger, a second energy releasing heat exchanger, a heat storage tank, a first high-temperature storage tank, a second high-temperature storage tank, a low-temperature storage tank and a heat pump system, wherein the heat pump system comprises a compressor, an expansion valve, a first heat pump heat exchanger and a second heat pump heat exchanger;
the inlet of the first energy storage compressor is connected with the gas storage unit, the outlet of the first energy storage compressor is connected to the first energy storage heat exchanger, the outlet of the first energy storage heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the second energy storage compressor and is connected with the second energy storage heat exchanger sequentially through the second energy storage compressor, the outlet of the second energy storage heat exchanger is connected with the condenser, and the outlet of the condenser is connected to the liquid storage unit;
an outlet of the cold storage tank is connected to inlets of the first energy storage heat exchanger and the second energy storage heat exchanger through a first heat exchange medium circulating pump respectively, outlets of the first energy storage heat exchanger and the second energy storage heat exchanger are connected to an inlet of the first heat exchanger of the heat pump, and an outlet of the first heat exchanger of the heat pump is connected to the heat storage tank;
an outlet of the liquid storage unit is connected with an inlet of a first energy releasing heat exchanger through an evaporator, an outlet of the first energy releasing heat exchanger is connected to an inlet of a first energy releasing turbine, an outlet of the first energy releasing turbine is connected with an inlet of a second energy releasing heat exchanger, the first energy releasing turbine and the second energy releasing turbine sequentially pass through the second energy releasing heat exchanger, an outlet of the second energy releasing turbine is connected with an energy releasing cooler, and an outlet of the energy releasing cooler is connected back to the gas storage unit;
an outlet of the heat storage tank is respectively connected to inlets of the first energy-releasing heat exchanger and the second energy-releasing heat exchanger through a second heat exchange medium circulating pump, outlets of the first energy-releasing heat exchanger and the second energy-releasing heat exchanger are both connected to an inlet of the second heat exchanger of the heat pump, and an outlet of the second heat exchanger of the heat pump is connected to the cold storage tank;
working media in the heat pump system sequentially pass through the compressor, the first heat exchanger of the heat pump, the expansion valve and the second heat exchanger of the heat pump to complete a circulation process;
the compressor is used for compressing the heat pump working medium, increasing the temperature of the heat pump working medium, heating the heat storage working medium to enter the heat storage tank when the heat pump working medium flows through the first heat exchanger of the heat pump, then the temperature and the pressure of the heat pump working medium are reduced through the expansion valve, the heat storage working medium to enter the cold storage tank is cooled through the second heat exchanger of the heat pump, and the cold energy stored in the cold storage tank is increased;
the first high-temperature storage tank, the second high-temperature storage tank, and the low-temperature storage tank are connected between the condenser and the evaporator, respectively.
The invention is further improved in that a part of heat exchange working medium is shunted at the middle section of the condenser and the evaporator and enters the second high-temperature storage tank, and the rest of the heat exchange working medium flows through the condenser and the evaporator and then enters the first high-temperature storage tank.
A further improvement of the invention is that the thermal mass is carbon dioxide.
A further development of the invention is that the working fluid in the heat pump system is R245fa.
A further development of the invention is that the first energy-storing compressor is driven by a first electric motor and the second energy-storing compressor is driven by a second electric motor.
A further development of the invention is that the compressor is driven by a third electric motor.
The invention further improves the technical scheme that the first energy release turbine is used for driving the first generator to generate electricity, and the second energy release turbine is used for driving the second generator to generate electricity.
The invention has the further improvement that a first valve is arranged on a pipeline connecting an inlet of the first energy storage compressor and the gas storage unit, an outlet of the liquid storage unit is connected with an inlet of the first energy-releasing heat exchanger through a second valve and an evaporator, a third valve is arranged at an outlet of the low-temperature storage tank, a fourth valve is arranged at an outlet of the second high-temperature storage tank, a fifth valve is arranged at an outlet of the first high-temperature storage tank, a sixth valve is arranged at an outlet of the second circulating pump through a heat exchange medium, and a seventh valve is arranged at an outlet of the first circulating pump through the heat exchange medium.
A method of controlling a thermal mass energy storage device based on a heat pump cycle, comprising:
when the user is in the power consumption low ebb, open first valve, third valve and seventh valve, close second valve, fourth valve, fifth valve and sixth valve, the energy storage part works: the gaseous thermal mass is compressed by the first energy storage compressor and then enters the first energy storage heat exchanger, after the heat is transferred to the heat storage medium for storage, the thermal mass continuously enters the second energy storage compressor and the second energy storage heat exchanger for boosting again and transferring the heat to the heat storage medium; the heat storage medium absorbs heat in the first heat exchanger of the heat pump and then enters the heat storage tank; the heat medium enters a condenser, the gas-phase heat medium releases heat and is condensed into a liquid state, the released heat is absorbed by the heat exchange working medium, and the liquid heat medium is stored in the liquid storage unit; the first motor and the second motor for driving the compressor are driven by the produced redundant electric energy and are converted into pressure energy and heat energy through the energy storage process;
when the user is in the power consumption peak, open second valve, fourth valve, fifth valve and sixth valve, close first valve, third valve and seventh valve, the energy release part carries out work: the liquid heat mass absorbs heat in a heat exchange working medium in the evaporator and is converted into a gas state, the gas state heat mass enters the first energy release turbine to release energy and do work after entering the first energy release heat exchanger to absorb heat and raise temperature, then enters the second energy release heat exchanger to complete a reheating process and then enters the second energy release turbine to release energy, and the gas state heat mass after energy release is cooled in the energy release cooler and stored in the gas storage unit; the first generator and the second generator driven by the energy release turbine generate electricity, and the previously stored pressure energy and heat energy are converted into electric energy through an energy release process;
the heat pump system is supplied with energy by a third motor, a compressor is dragged to compress a heat pump working medium, the high-temperature heat pump working medium transfers heat to a heat storage working medium which is about to enter a heat storage tank in a first heat exchanger of the heat pump, so that more heat is stored in the heat storage tank, and the heat storage working medium transfers the heat to the heat medium through a first energy release heat exchanger and a second energy release heat exchanger, so that the inlet temperature of an energy release turbine is increased, and the working capacity is improved; the heat pump working medium after heat exchange flows through the expansion valve for cooling and pressure reduction, and the heat in the heat storage working medium is absorbed by the second heat exchanger of the heat pump, so that the temperature of the working medium entering the cold storage tank is lower, and the first energy storage heat exchanger and the second energy storage heat exchanger are favorable for absorbing heat and mass heat to store the heat.
The invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the invention provides a thermal mass energy storage device based on heat pump circulation and a control method thereof.
2. The invention provides a thermal mass energy storage device based on heat pump circulation and a control method thereof.A shunting heat exchange system in the device adopts heat exchange working media with different temperatures aiming at thermal masses with different heat transfer characteristics before and after phase change, so that the heat exchange efficiency of an evaporator and a condenser in the energy storage device is effectively improved, the miniaturization of the evaporator and the condenser is facilitated, and the economic benefit is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art are briefly introduced below; it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal mass energy storage device based on a heat pump cycle according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a gas storage unit; 2. a first energy storing compressor; 3. a second energy storing compressor; 4. a condenser; 5. a liquid storage unit; 6. an evaporator; 7. a first energy release turbine; 8. a second energy release turbine; 9. an energy release cooler; 10. a first energy storage heat exchanger; 11. a second energy storage heat exchanger; 12. a cold storage tank; 13. a first energy releasing heat exchanger; 14. a second energy releasing heat exchanger; 15. a heat storage tank; 16. a first high temperature storage tank; 17. a second high temperature storage tank; 18. a cryogenic storage tank; 19. a compressor; 20. an expansion valve; 21. a heat pump first heat exchanger; 22. a heat pump second heat exchanger; 23. a heat exchange medium first circulating pump; 24. and the heat exchange medium is a second circulating pump.
101. A first valve; 102. a second valve; 103. a third valve; 104. a fourth valve; 105. a fifth valve; 106. a sixth valve; 107. and a seventh valve.
201. A first motor; 202. a second motor; 203. a first generator; 204. a second generator; 205. a third motor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, technical effect and technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following clearly and completely describes the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention. Other embodiments, which can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the disclosed embodiments without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a thermal mass energy storage device based on a heat pump cycle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the system comprises a gas storage unit 1, a first energy storage compressor 2, a second energy storage compressor 3, a condenser 4, a liquid storage unit 5, an evaporator 6, a first energy release turbine 7, a second energy release turbine 8, an energy release cooler 9, a first energy storage heat exchanger 10, a second energy storage heat exchanger 11, a cold storage tank 12, a first energy release heat exchanger 13, a second energy release heat exchanger 14, a heat storage tank 15, a first high-temperature storage tank 16, a second high-temperature storage tank 17, a low-temperature storage tank 18, a compressor 19, an expansion valve 20, a first heat pump heat exchanger 21 and a second heat pump heat exchanger 22. The gas storage unit 1 is used for storing atmospheric gaseous heat, and the liquid storage unit 5 is used for storing high-pressure liquid heat.
The inlet of the first energy storage compressor 2 is connected with the gas storage unit 1, the outlet of the first energy storage compressor is connected to the first energy storage heat exchanger 10, the outlet of the first energy storage heat exchanger 10 is connected with the inlet of the second energy storage compressor 3, and the first energy storage heat exchanger is connected with the second energy storage heat exchanger 11 sequentially through the second energy storage compressor 3. The outlet of the second energy storage heat exchanger 11 is connected with the condenser 4, and the outlet of the condenser 4 is connected to the liquid storage unit 5. The above components complete the process of storing pressure energy.
An outlet of the cold storage tank 12 is connected to inlets of the first energy storage heat exchanger 10 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 11 through a first heat exchange medium circulating pump 23, outlets of the first energy storage heat exchanger 10 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 11 are connected to an inlet of a first heat exchanger 21 of the heat pump, and an outlet of the first heat exchanger 21 of the heat pump is connected to the heat storage tank 15. The above components complete the process of storing thermal energy.
An outlet of the liquid storage unit 5 is connected with an inlet of a first energy releasing heat exchanger 13 through an evaporator 6, an outlet of the first energy releasing heat exchanger 13 is connected to an inlet of a first energy releasing turbine 7, an outlet of the first energy releasing turbine 7 is connected with an inlet of a second energy releasing heat exchanger 14, and the first energy releasing turbine 7 and the second energy releasing turbine 8 sequentially pass through the second energy releasing heat exchanger 14 and the second energy releasing turbine 8. The outlet of the second energy release turbine 8 is connected with an energy release cooler 9, and the outlet of the energy release cooler 9 is connected back to the gas storage unit 1. The above-mentioned components complete the process of releasing pressure energy.
An outlet of the heat storage tank 15 is connected to inlets of the first energy-releasing heat exchanger 13 and the second energy-releasing heat exchanger 14 through a second heat exchange medium circulating pump 24, outlets of the first energy-releasing heat exchanger 13 and the second energy-releasing heat exchanger 14 are connected to an inlet of the second heat exchanger 22 of the heat pump, and an outlet of the second heat exchanger 22 of the heat pump is connected to the cold storage tank 12. The above-mentioned components complete the process of releasing heat energy.
The heat pump system assembly includes: a compressor 19, an expansion valve 20, a heat pump first heat exchanger 21, a heat pump second heat exchanger 22, and a third motor 205. Working media in the heat pump system sequentially pass through the compressor 19, the first heat exchanger 21 of the heat pump, the expansion valve 20 and the second heat exchanger 22 of the heat pump to complete a circulation process.
The third motor 205 in the heat pump system drives the compressor 19 to compress the heat pump working medium, so as to raise the temperature of the heat pump working medium, and when the heat pump working medium flows through the first heat exchanger 21 of the heat pump, the heat storage working medium which is about to enter the heat storage tank 15 is heated, so that the heat energy stored in the heat storage tank 15 is increased. The heat pump working medium then passes through the expansion valve 20, the temperature and the pressure are both reduced, the heat storage working medium which is about to enter the heat storage tank 12 is cooled through the heat pump second heat exchanger 22, and the cold energy stored in the heat storage tank 12 is increased.
The bypass heat exchange system mainly composed of the condenser 4, the evaporator 6, the first high-temperature storage tank 16, the second high-temperature storage tank 17 and the low-temperature storage tank 18 can effectively recycle the phase change latent heat of the heat mass, the heat exchange efficiency in the condenser 4 and the evaporator 6 is improved, and the volume of the condenser 4 and the evaporator 6 is reduced. A part of heat exchange working medium in the flow-dividing heat exchange system is divided at the middle sections of the condenser 4 and the evaporator 6 and enters the second high-temperature storage tank 17, and the rest of heat exchange working medium flows through the condenser 4 and the evaporator 6 and then enters the first high-temperature storage tank 16.
Preferably, carbon dioxide is used as the thermal mass. Gaseous carbon dioxide is convenient for store, and the manufacturing of gas storage unit 1 is comparatively simple, and the carbon dioxide density that turns into liquid simultaneously is showing the increase, has effectively avoided the cost problem that the configuration of a large amount of high-pressure stock solution units 5 brought.
Preferably, R245fa is used as the cycle fluid of the heat pump system. Such working fluids have a lower boiling point than water and a sufficiently high critical temperature.
The embodiment of the invention provides a control method of a thermal mass energy storage device based on heat pump circulation, which specifically comprises the following steps:
when a user is in a low valley of electricity, the first valve 101, the third valve 103 and the seventh valve 107 are opened, the second valve 102, the fourth valve 104, the fifth valve 105 and the sixth valve 106 are closed, and an energy storage part of the thermal mass energy storage device based on the heat pump cycle works: the gaseous thermal mass is compressed by the first energy storage compressor 2 and then enters the first energy storage heat exchanger 10, after the heat is transferred to the heat storage medium for storage, the thermal mass continuously enters the second energy storage compressor 3 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 11 for boosting again and transferring the heat to the heat storage medium; the heat storage medium absorbs heat in the heat pump first heat exchanger 21 and then enters the heat storage tank 15. Then the heat mass enters a condenser 4, the heat released by the gas-phase heat mass is condensed and converted into liquid, the released heat is absorbed by the heat exchange working medium, and the liquid heat mass is stored in a liquid storage unit 5. The first motor 201 and the second motor 202 for driving the compressor are driven by the produced surplus electric energy and are converted into pressure energy and heat energy through the energy storage process.
When a user is in peak power utilization, the second valve 102, the fourth valve 104, the fifth valve 105 and the sixth valve 106 are opened, the first valve 101, the third valve 103 and the seventh valve 107 are closed, and the energy release part of the thermal mass energy storage device based on the heat pump cycle works: the liquid heat mass absorbs heat in a heat exchange working medium in the evaporator 6 and is converted into a gas state, the gas state heat mass enters the first energy release heat exchanger 13 to absorb heat and raise temperature, then enters the first energy release turbine 7 to release energy and do work, then enters the second energy release heat exchanger 14 to complete a reheating process, then enters the second energy release turbine 8 to release energy, and the gas state heat mass after energy release is cooled in the energy release cooler 9 and stored in the gas storage unit 1. The first generator 203 and the second generator 204 dragged by the energy release turbine generate electricity, and the previously stored pressure energy and heat energy are converted into electric energy through an energy release process.
In the heat pump system, energy is supplied by the third motor 205, the compressor 19 is dragged to compress a heat pump working medium, the high-temperature heat pump working medium transfers heat to a heat storage working medium which is about to enter the heat storage tank 15 in the heat pump first heat exchanger 21, so that more heat is stored in the heat storage tank 15, the heat storage working medium transfers heat to a heat medium through the first energy release heat exchanger 13 and the second energy release heat exchanger 14, the inlet temperature of the energy release turbine is increased, and the working capacity is improved; the heat pump working medium after heat exchange flows through the expansion valve 20 for temperature reduction and pressure reduction, and the heat in the heat storage working medium is absorbed through the heat pump second heat exchanger 22, so that the temperature of the working medium entering the cold storage tank 12 is lower, and the first energy storage heat exchanger 10 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 11 are more favorable for absorbing heat of the heat mass and storing the heat. The heat pump system is utilized to enable the energy storage efficiency of the whole energy storage device to be higher.
The shunting heat exchange system solves the problem that energy generated in the condenser 4 and the evaporator 6 which are separately arranged is difficult to recycle, and compared with the traditional phase change heat exchanger, the shunting heat exchange system can effectively relieve the problem that the heat exchange effect is weakened when the heat transfer physical property changes after the thermal mass is subjected to phase change. After the shunting heat exchange is adopted, the heat exchange amount matched before and after the phase change of the working medium in the condenser 4 and the evaporator 6 is different, so that the heat exchange effect can be effectively improved, and the arrangement of the condenser 4 and the evaporator 6 is more compact.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make modifications and equivalents to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and equivalents are within the scope of the claims of the present invention as hereinafter claimed.
Claims (9)
1. A thermal mass energy storage device based on heat pump circulation is characterized by comprising a gas storage unit, a first energy storage compressor, a second energy storage compressor, a condenser, a liquid storage unit, an evaporator, a first energy release turbine, a second energy release turbine, an energy release cooler, a first energy storage heat exchanger, a second energy storage heat exchanger, a cold storage tank, a first energy release heat exchanger, a second energy release heat exchanger, a heat storage tank, a first high-temperature storage tank, a second high-temperature storage tank, a low-temperature storage tank and a heat pump system, wherein the heat pump system comprises a compressor, an expansion valve, a first heat pump heat exchanger and a second heat pump heat exchanger;
the inlet of the first energy storage compressor is connected with the gas storage unit, the outlet of the first energy storage compressor is connected to the first energy storage heat exchanger, the outlet of the first energy storage heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the second energy storage compressor and is connected with the second energy storage heat exchanger sequentially through the second energy storage compressor, the outlet of the second energy storage heat exchanger is connected with the condenser, and the outlet of the condenser is connected to the liquid storage unit;
an outlet of the cold storage tank is connected to inlets of the first energy storage heat exchanger and the second energy storage heat exchanger through a first heat exchange medium circulating pump respectively, outlets of the first energy storage heat exchanger and the second energy storage heat exchanger are connected to an inlet of the first heat exchanger of the heat pump, and an outlet of the first heat exchanger of the heat pump is connected to the heat storage tank;
an outlet of the liquid storage unit is connected with an inlet of a first energy releasing heat exchanger through an evaporator, an outlet of the first energy releasing heat exchanger is connected to an inlet of a first energy releasing turbine, an outlet of the first energy releasing turbine is connected with an inlet of a second energy releasing heat exchanger, the first energy releasing turbine and the second energy releasing turbine sequentially pass through the second energy releasing heat exchanger, an outlet of the second energy releasing turbine is connected with an energy releasing cooler, and an outlet of the energy releasing cooler is connected back to the gas storage unit;
an outlet of the heat storage tank is respectively connected to inlets of the first energy-releasing heat exchanger and the second energy-releasing heat exchanger through a second heat exchange medium circulating pump, outlets of the first energy-releasing heat exchanger and the second energy-releasing heat exchanger are both connected to an inlet of the second heat exchanger of the heat pump, and an outlet of the second heat exchanger of the heat pump is connected to the cold storage tank;
working media in the heat pump system sequentially pass through the compressor, the first heat exchanger of the heat pump, the expansion valve and the second heat exchanger of the heat pump to complete a circulation process;
the compressor is used for compressing the heat pump working medium, increasing the temperature of the heat pump working medium, heating the heat storage working medium to enter the heat storage tank when the heat pump working medium flows through the first heat exchanger of the heat pump, then the temperature and the pressure of the heat pump working medium are reduced through the expansion valve, the heat storage working medium to enter the cold storage tank is cooled through the second heat exchanger of the heat pump, and the cold energy stored in the cold storage tank is increased;
the first high-temperature storage tank, the second high-temperature storage tank, and the low-temperature storage tank are connected between the condenser and the evaporator, respectively.
2. The thermal mass energy storage device based on the heat pump cycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein a portion of the heat exchange working medium is branched into the second high temperature storage tank at a position intermediate between the condenser and the evaporator, and the remaining heat exchange working medium is branched into the first high temperature storage tank through the condenser and the evaporator.
3. A thermal mass energy storage device based on a heat pump cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermal mass is carbon dioxide.
4. A thermal mass energy storage device based on a heat pump cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the working fluid in the heat pump system is R245fa.
5. A thermal mass energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein the first energy storage compressor is driven by a first motor and the second energy storage compressor is driven by a second motor.
6. A thermal mass energy storage device based on a heat pump cycle according to claim 5, characterized in that the compressor is driven by a third electric motor.
7. The heat and mass energy storage device based on the heat pump cycle as claimed in claim 6, wherein the first energy release turbine is used for driving the first generator to generate electricity, and the second energy release turbine is used for driving the second generator to generate electricity.
8. The heat and mass energy storage device based on the heat pump cycle as claimed in claim 7, wherein a first valve is arranged on a pipeline connecting an inlet of the first energy storage compressor and the gas storage unit, an outlet of the liquid storage unit is connected with an inlet of the first energy-releasing heat exchanger through a second valve and an evaporator, a third valve is arranged at an outlet of the low-temperature storage tank, a fourth valve is arranged at an outlet of the second high-temperature storage tank, a fifth valve is arranged at an outlet of the first high-temperature storage tank, a sixth valve is arranged at an outlet of the second circulating pump through the heat exchange medium, and a seventh valve is arranged at an outlet of the first circulating pump through the heat exchange medium.
9. The method of claim 8 for controlling a thermal mass energy storage device based on a heat pump cycle, comprising:
when the user is in the power consumption low ebb, open first valve, third valve and seventh valve, close second valve, fourth valve, fifth valve and sixth valve, the energy storage part works: the gaseous thermal mass is compressed by the first energy storage compressor and then enters the first energy storage heat exchanger, after the heat is transferred to the heat storage medium for storage, the thermal mass continuously enters the second energy storage compressor and the second energy storage heat exchanger for boosting again and transferring the heat to the heat storage medium; the heat storage medium absorbs heat in the first heat exchanger of the heat pump and then enters the heat storage tank; the heat medium enters a condenser, the gas-phase heat medium releases heat and is condensed into a liquid state, the released heat is absorbed by the heat exchange working medium, and the liquid heat medium is stored in the liquid storage unit; the first motor and the second motor for driving the compressor are driven by the produced redundant electric energy and are converted into pressure energy and heat energy through the energy storage process;
when the user is in the power consumption peak, open second valve, fourth valve, fifth valve and sixth valve, close first valve, third valve and seventh valve, the energy release part carries out work: the liquid heat mass absorbs heat in a heat exchange working medium in the evaporator and is converted into a gas state, the gas state heat mass enters the first energy release turbine to release energy and do work after entering the first energy release heat exchanger to absorb heat and raise temperature, then enters the second energy release heat exchanger to complete a reheating process and then enters the second energy release turbine to release energy, and the gas state heat mass after energy release is cooled in the energy release cooler and stored in the gas storage unit; the first generator and the second generator driven by the energy release turbine generate electricity, and the previously stored pressure energy and heat energy are converted into electric energy through an energy release process;
the heat pump system is supplied with energy by a third motor, a compressor is dragged to compress a heat pump working medium, the high-temperature heat pump working medium transfers heat to a heat storage working medium which is about to enter a heat storage tank in a first heat exchanger of the heat pump, so that more heat is stored in the heat storage tank, and the heat storage working medium transfers the heat to the heat medium through a first energy release heat exchanger and a second energy release heat exchanger, so that the inlet temperature of an energy release turbine is increased, and the working capacity is improved; the heat pump working medium after heat exchange flows through the expansion valve for temperature reduction and pressure reduction, and the heat in the heat storage working medium is absorbed through the second heat exchanger of the heat pump, so that the temperature of the working medium entering the cold storage tank is lower, and the first energy storage heat exchanger and the second energy storage heat exchanger are favorable for absorbing heat of the heat mass and storing the heat.
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