CN115651870A - Method for recovering anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria inhibited by iron ions - Google Patents
Method for recovering anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria inhibited by iron ions Download PDFInfo
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- CN115651870A CN115651870A CN202211402981.3A CN202211402981A CN115651870A CN 115651870 A CN115651870 A CN 115651870A CN 202211402981 A CN202211402981 A CN 202211402981A CN 115651870 A CN115651870 A CN 115651870A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for recovering anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria inhibited by iron ions, which comprises the steps of adding betaine into a water body containing the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria; the iron ions comprise ferrous iron ions and ferric iron ions; betaine is a bioavailable chelating agent, can form stable chelates with some transition metals and lanthanide elements, and further resolves the adsorbed metals; betaine is an essential stress product that, when accumulated intracellularly as a compatible solute, protects the anammox bacteria, which are inhibited by ferric ions, from starvation and osmotic stress, thereby allowing the anammox bacteria to survive environmental stress and recover rapidly when environmental conditions improve; betaine is a stress protectant that can enhance the growth rate and enzymatic activity of anammox bacteria facing environmental stress, and further, can properly protect and repair anammox bacteria and recover from ferrous inhibition in time when environmental conditions improve. The method is suitable for the technical field of anaerobic ammonia oxidation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for recovering anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria inhibited by iron ions. Is applicable to the technical field of anammox.
Background
The discovery of Anammox bacteria has made a milestone breakthrough in the field of wastewater treatment, since the ability to perform Anammox reactions is well recognized as a highly rewarding species. Moreover, recent studies have shown that anammox bacteria can also utilize ferrous ions for nitrate catabolism Reduction to ammonium (DNRA). Compared with a single Anammox process, the (short-range) DNRA coupling Anammox process can reduce the requirement of nitrite nitrogen in the inlet water and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen in the outlet water, and has important significance for the survival and application of anaerobic ammonia oxidation.
However, due to the Fe (II)/NO required for this reaction 3- higher-N, anammox bacteria often face the potential risk of iron excess in the ferrous (short range) DNRA coupled Anammox process. The effect of heavy metals on microbial growth and activity is concentration dependent. Therefore, as a common heavy metal, excess iron tends to be inhibitory or even toxic to anammox bacteria. However, with respect to the iron ion pair anaerobic ammonia oxygenThe inhibitory effect of chemolytic activity is still rarely reported at present, and the corresponding recovery strategy is not involved.
At present, the recovery strategies of the heavy metal inhibited anammox bacteria include self-recovery after heavy metal removal, EDTA cleaning combined with low-intensity ultrasonic biostimulation, EDTA chelation combined with S 2- Passivation and EDTA cleaning combined with Ca 2+ And (6) adjusting. However, the above strategies have all focused on metals that are not bioavailable, and the inhibition induced by such metals is mainly through physicochemical transport (adsorption) rather than biological transport (internalization). The iron ions are bioavailable metal ions with multiple functions for anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, and internalization plays an important role in absorption of the metal ions. Therefore, the mechanism of inhibiting anaerobic ammonia oxidation by ferrous iron is obviously different from the reported heavy metals which cannot be biologically utilized, and the existing recovery strategy after heavy metal inhibition has poor effect on inhibiting and recovering the iron ions.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: in view of the above problems, a method for recovering anammox bacteria inhibited by iron ions is provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for restoring anammox bacteria inhibited by iron ions, comprising: adding betaine to a water body comprising the anammox bacteria.
The ferric ions include ferrous divalent ions and ferric ions. Betaine is a bioavailable chelating agent, can form stable chelate with some transition metals and lanthanide elements, and further resolves the adsorbed metals; betaine is an essential stress product that, when accumulated intracellularly as a compatible solute, protects the anammox bacteria, which are inhibited by ferric ions, from starvation and osmotic stress, thereby allowing the anammox bacteria to survive environmental stress and recover rapidly when environmental conditions improve; betaine is a stress protectant that can enhance the growth rate and enzymatic activity of anammox bacteria facing environmental stress, and further, can properly protect and repair anammox bacteria and recover from ferrous inhibition in time when environmental conditions improve.
EDTA-2Na is added before betaine is added into the water body.
And adding the betaine into the water body containing the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria in an intermittent addition mode.
The intermittent adding mode comprises continuous adding and suspended adding which are alternately carried out in sequence, wherein the continuous adding time is controlled to be 8-12 days, and the suspended adding time is controlled to be 3-5 days.
The EDTA-2Na is added in a short-term continuous addition mode.
The short-term continuous addition mode is continuous addition for 2-8 days.
A betaine, characterized by: is used for restoring anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria inhibited by iron ions.
An anammox reactor, comprising: in the recovery of anammox bacteria inhibited by iron ions in the reactor, betaine is added to the feed water to the reactor.
EDTA-2Na was added prior to the addition of betaine.
The betaine is added in a batch addition.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria inhibited by iron ions are recovered through betaine, the betaine is not only a chelating agent with low production cost and easily obtained raw materials, but also an essential stress product and stress protective agent, and can reduce damage caused by internalization of iron ions and repair generated intracellular enzyme inactivation and metabolic disturbance while removing adsorbed iron ions.
The invention utilizes the betaine as an intermittent additive, can realize quick in-situ restart after the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria are inhibited by iron ions, has convenient operation and small influence on the sludge morphological structure, and can effectively avoid the potential risk of anaerobic ammonia oxidation efficiency damage caused by long-term addition of the betaine as a bioavailable micromolecular organic matter.
The betaine adopted by the invention has low production cost, easily obtained raw materials and bioavailability, not only saves the treatment cost and the time cost, but also can achieve the aim of ecological environmental protection compared with EDTA and other difficult-to-degrade chelating agents, and is suitable for engineering popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of an anammox reactor in an example.
Fig. 2 is a process diagram of the rapid restart of an iron ion-inhibited anammox reactor with betaine as an intermittent additive in the examples.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the process of EDTA-2Na accelerating restart of an iron ion-inhibited anammox reactor in an example.
1. A water inlet tank; 2. a peristaltic pump; 3. an upflow biological filter reactor; 4. a water outlet tank; 5. a circulating constant temperature water bath device; 6. a uniform water distribution device; 7. a bell mouth type buffer structure; 8. a sedimentation shell; 9. a water outlet; 10. an exhaust port; 11. and (3) polypropylene ring packing.
Detailed Description
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment is an anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor system, which comprises a water inlet tank, a peristaltic pump, an Upflow Biofilter (UBF) reactor, a water outlet tank and a circulating thermostatic water bath device, wherein the Upflow Biofilter reactor is made of organic glass, the effective volume is 5L, the bottom of the reactor is provided with a uniform water distribution device, the top of the reactor is connected with the water outlet tank and communicated with a bell-mouth-shaped buffer structure in the water outlet tank, and a sediment shell of the water outlet tank is provided with a water outlet and an air outlet. Polypropylene rings are used as fillers in a filler filter of the upflow biological filter reactor to retain microorganisms (such as anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria). The outer layer of the packing column of the upflow biological filter reactor is provided with a circulating water bath layer, and the reaction temperature is kept about 30 ℃ by means of circulating constant temperature water bath. The reactor is wrapped by black fireproof cotton, thereby achieving the effects of light shielding and heat preservation.
In the embodiment, the peristaltic pump directly and continuously pumps the artificial simulated wastewater in the water inlet tank from the bottom of the upflow biological filter reactor, and the artificial simulated wastewater overflows into the sedimentation shell of the water outlet tank from the bell-mouth-shaped buffer structure after sequentially passing through the uniform water distribution device and the upflow biological filter reactor and flows out from a water outlet arranged on the sedimentation shell of the water outlet tank.
In this example, the artificial wastewater contains NH 4 + -N and NO 2 - -N, and NH 4 + -N and NO 2 - The concentration ratio of-N is 1-1. In addition, the content of each mineral element in the artificial simulated wastewater is as follows: mgSO (MgSO) in vitro 4 ·7H 2 O 300mg/L，NaHCO 3 1250 mg/L，KH 2 PO 4 10 mg/L，CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O5.6 mg/L, and trace elements I and II each 1.25mL/L, and finally, adjusting the pH value of the inlet water to 7-8 by adopting HCl and NaOH solutions.
In this example, the trace elements I consist of: EDTA 5g/L, feSO 4 5 g/L; the trace element II comprises: EDTA 15g/L, H 3 BO 4 0.014 g/L，MnCl 2 ·4H 2 O 0.99g/L，CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O 0.25g/L，ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.43g/L，CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O 0.24g/L，NiCl 2 ·6H 2 O 0.19g/L，NaMoO 4 ·2H 2 O 0.22g/L，NaSeO 4 ·10H 2 O 0.21g/L。
The concentrations of the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in the feed water are respectively fixed at 144.72 +/-2.58 mg/L and 180.83 +/-4.74 mg/L, when the concentration of the ferrous iron in the feed water is gradually increased from 0mg/L to 378.57mg/L, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor are completely inhibited, and the biological activity of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria is not recovered all the time within six days after the ferrous iron feeding is stopped. This indicates that ferrous iron at a certain concentration (378.57 mg/L in this example) produces a severe inhibition of anammox bacteria and that the inhibition does not recover itself in a relatively short period of time.
In order to recover the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria inhibited by ferrous iron in the reactor, the recovery method adopted in this embodiment is to use betaine as an intermittent additive to be added into the anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor, and the reaction process is shown in fig. 2 and specifically described as follows:
stage I shows a process of rapidly restarting an anammox reactor by the short-term continuous addition of betaine: controlling the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the inlet water to be 70mg/L, wherein the concentration ratio of the ammonia nitrogen to the nitrite nitrogen in the inlet water is 1.3; meanwhile, controlling the molar concentration of betaine in the inlet water to be 2mM and controlling the continuous addition time to be 8-12 days; in addition, other operating conditions, including but not limited to pH, temperature, hydraulic retention time, etc., are consistent with those before ferrous ion suppression.
Operating according to the above conditions, on day 2 of continuous betaine addition with a molar concentration of 2mM, the nitrite nitrogen concentration in the effluent dropped to below 30mg/L, the molar stoichiometric ratio of substrate nitrite nitrogen to ammonia nitrogen reaction was 1.60, and the corresponding Total Nitrogen Removal Rate (TNRR) and total nitrogen removal rate (TNRE) increased to 0.62kg/m, respectively 3 D and 54%; on the 10 th day of continuously adding betaine with the molar concentration of 2mM, the nitrite nitrogen concentration in effluent is reduced to be lower than 10mg/L, the molar stoichiometric ratio of substrate nitrite nitrogen to ammonia nitrogen is 1.37, and the corresponding TNRR and TNRE are respectively increased to be 0.78kg/m 3 And d and 70 percent, at which the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is restarted to be initially successful, but the denitrification efficiency is not stable, and the iron ion inhibition is not completely released.
Stage II shows the process of long term continuous betaine addition leading to destruction of the denitrification efficiency of the anammox reactor: when the continuous addition time of the betaine in the inlet water reaches 14 days, the concentration of nitrite nitrogen in the outlet water is increased to 46mg/L, the molar stoichiometric ratio of substrate nitrite nitrogen to ammonia nitrogen reaction is seriously deviated from 1.32 and is increased to 2.32, and the corresponding TNRR and TNRE are respectively reduced to 0.40kg/m 3 D and 37%; when the continuous adding time of the betaine in the inlet water reaches 20-24 days, nitrite nitrogen in the outlet water is almost completely removed, ammonia nitrogen is almost not removed, and even the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the outlet water is slightly increased relative to that of the inlet water, which indicates that denitrification reaction mainly occurs in the reactor and anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction completely disappears.
In order to avoid the growth limitation of anammox bacteria and the complete destruction of anammox denitrification efficiency caused by long-term betaine addition, the method adopts an intermittent addition mode, including continuous addition and suspension addition which are alternately performed in sequence, and after the continuous addition time of the betaine in inlet water reaches 8-12 days, if the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor is not successfully restarted under the inhibition of iron ions, the betaine is suspended and other operation parameters are kept unchanged for 3-5 days.
And (4) intermittently adding betaine according to the mode until iron ion inhibition is removed, and restarting the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor successfully. The sign of the successful restart of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is that the nitrite nitrogen concentration in the effluent of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is continuously measured for at least three days, the result is less than 10mg/L, and the molar ratio of the substrate nitrite nitrogen to the ammonia nitrogen is 1.32 +/-0.05.
Example 2: this example is substantially the same as example 1 except that EDTA-2Na is added before betaine is added in this example, and EDTA-2Na is continuously added for a short period of time 2 to 8 days during the initial restart of the iron ion-inhibiting anammox reactor, and the molar concentration of EDTA-2Na in the feed water is 1.0 to 1.5mM (see FIG. 3 for the reaction process).
Because the inhibition mechanism and the relative atomic mass of the ferric ions and the ferrous ions on the anammox bacteria are consistent, the embodiment provided by the invention is also suitable for inhibiting the anammox reactor initiated by the ferric ions.
Finally, it should be noted that the foregoing is only a relatively preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is intended to illustrate the function and use of the invention, rather than to limit the invention. The scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Various changes or substitutions in process or structure made by one of ordinary skill in the art within the spirit and scope of the invention should also be considered as falling within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for restoring anammox bacteria inhibited by iron ions, comprising: adding betaine to a water body comprising the anammox bacteria.
2. The method for restoring anammox bacteria that is inhibited by iron ions according to claim 1, wherein: EDTA-2Na is added before betaine is added into the water body.
3. The method for restoring anammox bacteria which is inhibited by iron ions according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the betaine is added into the water body containing the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria in an intermittent adding mode.
4. The method for restoring anammox bacteria that is inhibited by iron ions according to claim 3, wherein: the intermittent addition mode comprises continuous addition and suspended addition which are alternately carried out in sequence, wherein the continuous addition time is controlled to be 8-12 days, and the suspended addition time is controlled to be 3-5 days.
5. The method for restoring anammox bacteria that is inhibited by iron ions according to claim 2, wherein: the EDTA-2Na is added in a short-term continuous addition mode.
6. The method for restoring anammox bacteria to the bacteria of claim 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the short-term continuous addition mode is continuous addition for 2-8 days.
7. A betaine, characterized by: is used for restoring anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria inhibited by iron ions.
8. An anammox reactor, comprising: in recovering the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria inhibited by iron ions in the reactor, betaine is added to the feed water of the reactor.
9. The anammox reactor of claim 8, wherein: EDTA-2Na was added prior to betaine addition.
10. The anammox reactor of claim 8 or 9, wherein: the betaine is added in a batch addition.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114751608A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-07-15 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Gas-liquid two-phase internal desulfurization efficient anaerobic digestion tank |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114751608A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-07-15 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Gas-liquid two-phase internal desulfurization efficient anaerobic digestion tank |
| CN114751608B (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2023-05-23 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | High-efficient anaerobic digester of desulfurization in gas-liquid two-phase |
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