CN115651688A - Method for producing semi-coke for sintering iron ore from low metamorphic coal - Google Patents
Method for producing semi-coke for sintering iron ore from low metamorphic coal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing semi-coke for sintering iron ore from low metamorphic coal, which comprises the steps of carrying out coal washing treatment on the low metamorphic coal to obtain a raw material, carrying out coal pyrolysis treatment on the raw material to obtain semi-coke particles, and screening the semi-coke particles with the particle size of 12-15 mm for high sintering. The semi-coke produced by the invention optimizes the microstructure and element composition of the semi-coke, so that the combustion performance and heat productivity of the semi-coke are closer to those of the sintering coke powder, and the vertical sintering speed is basically unchanged before and after the semi-coke high-proportion coke powder replacing process, thereby ensuring the performance of sintered ore and obviously reducing the generation amount of nitrogen oxides.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of semi-coke production and iron ore sintering, and particularly relates to a method for producing semi-coke for iron ore sintering from low metamorphic coal.
Background
The cost of the iron ore sintering solid fuel accounts for about 30-40% of the processing cost of the sintered ore, the reduction of the cost of the sintering solid fuel is an effective way for reducing the processing cost by sintering, and the traditional sintering solid fuel is coke powder. In recent years, the price of coke powder is increasing, and the use of new alternative fuels such as anthracite and semi coke is inevitable for reducing the cost of sintering solid fuels or limiting resources. However, the problems of excessive nitrogen oxides, reduced sintering table yield and the like are generally generated in the process of using anthracite coal for replacing in iron and steel enterprises.
The semi-coke is a solid carbon fuel prepared by low-rank coal through medium and low temperature pyrolysis, has the characteristics of high calorific value, low ash, low sulfur and low phosphorus, can expand the source of sintering fuel and reduce the cost of the sintering fuel when being used as the sintering fuel, and has good popularization potential.
Since the fuel plays an important role in the sintering production process, different kinds of fuel have a great influence on the yield and quality of the sintered ore. Compared with sintered coke powder, the semi coke has the advantages of less harmful element enrichment, low price and the like, but also has the disadvantages of very obvious defects, low fixed carbon content and high volatile component content. This has led to a number of problems with semi-coke when used in sintering alternative fuels. The good combustion performance leads to that a large amount of heat released by burning the semi-coke is not absorbed by the material layer and enters the flue along with the flue gas; the rapid combustion of the fuel enables the combustion speed and the heat transfer speed of the fuel to be mismatched in the sintering process, the automatic heat storage capacity is weakened, and the generation of a liquid phase is influenced; after the higher volatile matter is analyzed out, the lower part of the sinter bed is further condensed again, so that the air permeability of the sinter bed is influenced; in addition, the poor semi-coke strength and crush resistance and the unreasonable particle size distribution make the non-uniformity of the sintered section more severe. Various problems existing in the sintering process of semi coke serving as sintering fuel finally have great influence on the quality index of the sintering ore. Based on the characteristics of the semi-coke, the semi-coke can only be added in a certain proportion (20% -30%) in the sintering process at present, and obviously, the large-scale application of the semi-coke in the sintering field is difficult to realize only by the adding mode at present on the premise of not changing the performance of the semi-coke.
The large-scale production of the semi-coke is mainly based on a vertical internal heat furnace dry distillation process, and the process mainly comprises the production of coal tar and the semi-coke for iron alloy/calcium carbide. The specific requirements of the sintering fuel are not considered in the aspects of raw material selection, particle size control, pyrolysis condition control and the like. Therefore, the key to improve the applicability of the semi-coke in the iron ore sintering field is to find the optimal dry distillation condition to meet the quality requirement of the sintering fuel and ensure the high tar yield.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the semi-coke for sintering iron ore is produced by using low metamorphic coal, aiming at the defects in the prior art, and provides a method for producing semi-coke for sintering iron ore by using low metamorphic coal, which is used for solving the technical problem that the semi-coke sintering cannot be applied in a large scale, and the microstructure and the combustion reactivity of the semi-coke are regulated and controlled by optimizing raw coal and pyrolysis conditions, so that the combustion behavior of the semi-coke in a sinter bed is optimized.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for producing semi-coke for sintering iron ore from low metamorphic coal comprises the steps of carrying out coal washing treatment on the low metamorphic coal to obtain a raw material, carrying out coal pyrolysis treatment on the raw material to obtain semi-coke particles, and screening the semi-coke particles with the particle size of 12-15 mm for high sintering.
Specifically, the ash content in the raw material is less than 5.5%, and the specific surface area is less than 2.0m 2 G, crystallite structure parameter d 002 Less than 0.345nm and dry nitrogen content less than 0.90%.
Specifically, in the coal pyrolysis treatment, the flow ratio of the return coal gas/the air entering the furnace is controlled as follows: (1.80-1.90): 1.
Further, the optimal value of the flow ratio of the return gas/the air entering the furnace is 1.85.
Specifically, in the coal pyrolysis treatment, the coke pushing speed is controlled to be 660-840 r/min.
Further, the coke pushing speed is 720r/min.
Specifically, in the coal pyrolysis treatment, the temperature in the dry distillation furnace is controlled to be 730-750 ℃.
Further, the temperature in the retort furnace is 740 ℃.
Specifically, semi-coke particles with the particle size of 12-15 mm are crushed to be used as semi-coke for sintering, the mass of the semi-coke with the particle size of 1-3 mm in the semi-coke is more than 65% of the total mass of the crushed semi-coke, and the mass of the semi-coke with the particle size of less than 1mm is less than 25% of the total mass of the crushed semi-coke.
The other technical scheme of the invention is that the semi-coke for iron ore sintering.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to a method for producing semi-coke for sintering iron ore by using low metamorphic coal, which selects raw coal by utilizing industrial analysis, pore structure, carbon chemical structure parameters and nitrogen element content; the coal coke pyrolysis process is optimized, and the combustion performance and the nitrogen element content of the semi coke are reduced; the aim of homogenizing particles is fulfilled by crushing small semi-coke materials, the stability of combustion heat supply in the sintering process is improved, the semi-coke combustion reactivity can be reduced by adopting particles with the diameter of 12-15 mm, and the semi-coke fixed carbon and higher heat productivity can be ensured; meanwhile, the composition and performance of the product larger than 15mm are not affected, the microstructure and element composition of the semi-coke are optimized, the combustion performance and heat productivity of the semi-coke are closer to those of the sintering coke powder, and the vertical sintering speed is basically unchanged before and after the semi-coke high-proportion coke powder replacing process, so that the performance of the sintered ore is ensured, and the generation amount of nitrogen oxides is obviously reduced.
Furthermore, the ash content in the coal washing is less than 5.5 percent, and the specific surface area is less than 2.0m 2 G, crystallite structure parameter d 002 Less than 0.345nm, the content of dry-based nitrogen element is less than 0.90 percent, the low ash content of coal ensures that the calorific value, the specific surface area and the microcrystalline structure of the semi-coke influence the combustion reactivity of the semi-coke, and the content of nitrogen element influences the generation of nitrogen oxide in the semi-coke combustion process.
Furthermore, the air flow ratio of the return coal gas/the furnace inlet air is controlled to be 1.80-1.90, the content of oxidizing atmosphere and the medium temperature in the dry distillation gas are optimized, and the external temperature condition of the semi-coke pyrolysis is ensured to meet the requirement.
Furthermore, the coke pushing speed preferably selects the retention time of the semi-coke in the dry distillation furnace, improves the thermal polycondensation reaction in the pyrolysis process, improves the mechanical strength of the semi-coke, and promotes the ordered development of the carbon chemical structure.
Furthermore, the temperature in the dry distillation furnace can be set to reduce the porosity of the semi coke and further reduce the specific surface area of the semi coke, and the secondary reaction of tar can be inhibited to the maximum extent, so that the higher yield of the tar in the pyrolysis process is ensured.
In conclusion, the microscopic structure and the element composition of the semi-coke produced by the method are optimized, the combustion performance and the heat productivity of the semi-coke are closer to those of the sintering coke powder, and the vertical sintering speed is basically unchanged before and after the semi-coke high-proportion coke powder replacing process, so that the performance of sintered ore is ensured, and the generation amount of nitrogen oxides is obviously reduced.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the following examples.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, all the embodiments and preferred methods mentioned herein can be combined with each other to form a new technical solution, if not specifically stated.
In the present invention, all the technical features mentioned herein and preferred features may be combined with each other to form a new technical solution, if not specifically stated.
In the present invention, the percentage (%) or parts means the weight percentage or parts by weight with respect to the composition, if not otherwise specified.
In the present invention, the components referred to or the preferred components thereof may be combined with each other to form a novel embodiment, if not specifically stated.
In the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the numerical range "a-b" represents a shorthand representation of any combination of real numbers between a and b, where a and b are both real numbers. For example, a numerical range of "6 to 22" indicates that all real numbers between "6 to 22" have been listed herein, and "6 to 22" is only an abbreviated representation of the combination of these numbers.
The "ranges" disclosed herein may have one or more lower limits and one or more upper limits, respectively, in the form of lower limits and upper limits.
As used herein, the term "and/or" refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items and includes such combinations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the individual reactions or operation steps may be performed sequentially or may be performed in sequence. Preferably, the reaction processes herein are carried out sequentially.
Unless otherwise defined, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as is familiar to those skilled in the art. In addition, any methods or materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the present invention.
The invention provides a method for producing semi-coke for sintering iron ore from low metamorphic coal, which optimizes the microstructure and element composition of the semi-coke, so that the combustion performance and heat productivity of the semi-coke are closer to those of coke powder for sintering, and the vertical sintering speed is basically unchanged before and after the semi-coke high-proportion coke powder replacing process, thereby ensuring the performance of sintered ore and obviously reducing the generation amount of nitrogen oxides. The method comprises the following production steps: firstly, raw coal is optimized by utilizing industrial analysis, pore structure, carbon chemical structure parameters and nitrogen element content; secondly, optimizing the coal coke pyrolysis process by regulating and controlling the conditions of the ratio of the flow of the return gas/the flow of the fed gas in a burner of the retort, the highest temperature in the retort, the rotating speed of a coke pusher and the like, and reducing the combustion performance and the nitrogen element content of the semi coke; and finally, the purpose of homogenizing particles is realized by crushing the semi-coke small materials, and the stability of combustion heat supply in the sintering process is improved.
The invention relates to a method for producing semi-coke for sintering iron ore by using low metamorphic coal, which comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out coal washing treatment on low-metamorphic coal, wherein ash content in the coal washing is lower than 5.5%, and specific surface area is smaller than 2.0m 2 G, crystallite structure parameter d 002 Less than 0.345nm, and the content of dry nitrogen element is less than 0.90 percent, which is used as the raw material for the production;
further screening various coal washing, wherein the screening method comprises the following steps: carrying out industrial analysis according to the national standard GB/T212-2008, and determining the ash value; measuring the specific surface by using a nitrogen adsorption method; measuring the 002 peak diffraction angle of the raw coal according to an X-ray diffraction method, and calculating a microcrystalline structure parameter d002 according to a Bragg equation; and (3) determining the content of the dry-based nitrogen element in the coal according to the national standard GB/T31391-2015.
S2, controlling the ratio of the flow of the return gas/the flow of the gas fed into the retort burner to be 1.80-1.90; controlling the coke pushing speed of the coke pusher to be 660-840 r/min; controlling the temperature of the inner side wall of the retort at 730-750 ℃, and performing coal pyrolysis treatment to obtain semi-coke particles;
and S3, screening the particles with the particle size of 12-15 mm in the semi-coke particles obtained in the step S2, and crushing the particles to obtain the semi-coke for high sintering.
Wherein, the mass of the semi-coke with the granularity of 1-3 mm in the semi-coke is more than 65% of the total mass of the semi-coke after crushing, and the mass of the semi-coke with the granularity of less than 1mm is less than 25% of the total mass of the semi-coke after crushing.
Through a large number of basic experiments, the invention defines the microstructure of the semi-coke for sintering and also obtains the dry distillation conditions required by preparing high-quality sintered semi-coke.
Example 1
S1, carrying out coal washing treatment on low-metamorphic coal, wherein ash content in the coal washing is lower than 5.5%, and specific surface area is smaller than 2.0m 2 G, crystallite structure parameter d 002 Less than 0.345nm, and the content of dry nitrogen element is less than 0.90 percent, which is used as the raw material for the production;
s2, controlling the ratio of the flow of the return gas/the flow of the gas fed into the retort burner to be 1.80-1.90; controlling the coke pushing speed of the coke pusher to be 660r/min; controlling the temperature of the inner side wall of the retort at 730 ℃, and performing coal pyrolysis treatment to obtain semi-coke particles;
and S3, screening particles with the particle size of 12mm in the semi-coke particles obtained in the step S2, crushing the particles to obtain semi-coke for high sintering, wherein the mass of the semi-coke with the particle size of 1mm in the semi-coke is more than 65% of the total mass of the crushed semi-coke, and the mass of the semi-coke with the particle size of less than 1mm in the semi-coke is less than 25% of the total mass of the crushed semi-coke.
Example 2
S1, carrying out coal washing treatment on the low metamorphic coal, wherein ash content in the coal washing is lower than 5.5%, and specific surface area is smaller than 2.0m 2 G, crystallite structure parameter d 002 Less than 0.345nm, and the content of dry nitrogen element is less than 0.90 percent, and the dry nitrogen element is used as a raw material for the production;
s2, controlling the ratio of the flow of the return gas/the flow of the gas fed into the retort burner to be 1.84; controlling the coke pushing speed of the coke pusher to be 700r/min; controlling the temperature of the inner side wall of the retort at 735 ℃, and performing coal pyrolysis treatment to obtain semi-coke particles;
and S3, screening particles with the particle size of 13mm in the semi-coke particles obtained in the step S2, crushing the particles to obtain semi-coke for high sintering, wherein the mass of the semi-coke with the particle size of 2mm in the semi-coke is more than 65% of the total mass of the crushed semi-coke, and the mass of the semi-coke with the particle size of less than 1mm in the semi-coke is less than 25% of the total mass of the crushed semi-coke.
Example 3
S1, carrying out coal washing treatment on low-metamorphic coal, wherein ash content in the coal washing is lower than 5.5%, and specific surface area is smaller than 2.0m 2 G, crystallite structure parameter d 002 Less than 0.345nm, and the content of dry nitrogen element is less than 0.90 percent, and the dry nitrogen element is used as a raw material for the production;
s2, controlling the ratio of the flow of the return gas/the flow of the gas fed into the retort burner to be 1.88; controlling the coke pushing speed of the coke pusher to be 750r/min; controlling the temperature of the inner side wall of the retort to be 740 ℃, and performing coal pyrolysis treatment to obtain semi-coke particles;
and S3, screening particles with the particle size of 14mm in the semi-coke particles obtained in the step S2, crushing the particles to obtain semi-coke for high sintering, wherein the mass of the semi-coke with the particle size of 2mm in the semi-coke is more than 65% of the total mass of the crushed semi-coke, and the mass of the semi-coke with the particle size of less than 1mm in the semi-coke is less than 25% of the total mass of the crushed semi-coke.
Example 4
S1, carrying out coal washing treatment on low-metamorphic coal, wherein ash content in the coal washing is lower than 5.5%, and specific surface area is smaller than 2.0m 2 G, crystallite structure parameter d 002 Less than 0.345nm, and the content of dry nitrogen element is less than 0.90 percent, which is used as the raw material for the production;
s2, controlling the ratio of the flow of the return gas/the flow of the gas fed into the retort burner to be 1.90; controlling the coke pushing speed of the coke pusher to be 840r/min; controlling the temperature of the inner side wall of the retort to be 750 ℃, and performing coal pyrolysis treatment to obtain semi-coke particles;
and S3, screening particles with the particle size of 15mm in the semi-coke particles obtained in the step S2, crushing the particles to obtain semi-coke for high sintering, wherein the mass of the semi-coke with the particle size of 3mm in the semi-coke is more than 65% of the total mass of the crushed semi-coke, and the mass of the semi-coke with the particle size of less than 1mm in the semi-coke is less than 25% of the total mass of the crushed semi-coke.
The semi coke manufacturing industry preferably selects the coal for dry distillation with the composition shown in the table 1 from a plurality of coal washing, and besides, the specific surface area of the coal for dry distillation is 1.8m 2 G, crystallite structure parameter d 002 Is 0.336nm, and all meet the requirement of raw material screening.
TABLE 1 Industrial and elemental analysis results/% of coal washout
In the dry distillation production process, the ratio of the flow rate of the return gas/the flow rate of the gas fed into the furnace in a burner of the dry distillation furnace is controlled to be 1.82, the coke pushing speed of a coke pusher is controlled to be 770r/min, the highest temperature of the inner side wall of the dry distillation furnace is controlled to be 736 ℃, particles with the particle size of 12-15 mm in a screened semi-coke product are used as semi-coke for sintering iron ores, and the performance indexes of the produced semi-coke are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 semi-coke Performance index
| M t /％ | M ad /％ | A d /％ | V daf /％ | FC ad /％ | S t,d /％ | Q gr.d /kcal/kg |
| 18.3 | 1.74 | 7.1 | 6.42 | 84.02 | 0.24 | 7580 |
The semi-coke is crushed into 90 percent semi-coke powder with the particle size of 2-4 mm, the semi-coke powder is used after being matched with the current coke powder according to 1:1 (the fuel ratio is 4.9 percent), and the sintering index is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 indexes of sintered ore after adding semi coke
Through the above examples, it can be proved that the method of the present invention can produce semi coke products with combustion performance close to that of coke powder and stable sintered mineral content after use, and the applicability of semi coke in iron ore sintering is improved.
In conclusion, the method for producing the semi-coke for sintering the iron ore from the low metamorphic coal is suitable for being used as a substitute fuel of the coke powder for sintering, and has the effects of reducing the release of the polluted gas and saving the cost.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for producing semi-coke for sintering iron ore from low metamorphic coal is characterized in that the low metamorphic coal is subjected to coal washing treatment to obtain a raw material, the raw material is subjected to coal pyrolysis treatment to obtain semi-coke particles, and the semi-coke particles with the particle size of 12-15 mm are screened for high sintering.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the feedstock has an ash content of less than 5.5% and a specific surface area of less than 2.0m 2 G, crystallite structure parameter d 002 Less than 0.345nm and dry nitrogen content less than 0.90%.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in the coal pyrolysis treatment, the flow ratio of the return gas/the air fed into the furnace is controlled as follows: (1.80-1.90): 1.
4. a method according to claim 3, characterized in that the optimal value of the flow ratio of return gas/incoming air is 1.85.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coke pushing speed is controlled to 660-840 r/min in the coal pyrolysis treatment.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the coke pushing speed is 720r/min.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature in the retort is controlled to 730 to 750 ℃ in the coal pyrolysis treatment.
8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the temperature in the retort is 740 ℃.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein semi-coke particles with a particle size of 12-15 mm are crushed to obtain semi-coke for sintering, wherein the semi-coke with a particle size of 1-3 mm has a mass of more than 65% of the total mass of the crushed semi-coke, and the semi-coke with a particle size of less than 1mm has a mass of less than 25% of the total mass of the crushed semi-coke.
10. Semi-coke for iron ore sintering prepared according to the method of claim 1.
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