CN115650679B - Light foam concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Light foam concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115650679B CN115650679B CN202211693658.6A CN202211693658A CN115650679B CN 115650679 B CN115650679 B CN 115650679B CN 202211693658 A CN202211693658 A CN 202211693658A CN 115650679 B CN115650679 B CN 115650679B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of foam concrete, and provides light foam concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the light foam concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of cement, 0.85-1.2 parts of yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel, 0.25-0.35 part of modified glass fiber, 2.2-3.2 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 15-23 parts of fly ash, 0.40-0.45 part of composite foaming agent, 0.72-0.96 part of early strength agent, 0.52-0.68 part of water reducing agent, 0.03-0.05 part of foam stabilizer and 59-68 parts of water. Through the technical scheme, the problem that the strength and the heat conductivity coefficient of the foam concrete in the related technology are difficult to meet the requirements at the same time is solved, and the obtained light foam concrete has excellent heat insulation performance and mechanical performance at the same time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foam concrete, in particular to light foam concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The foam concrete is a novel light heat-insulating material containing a large number of closed air holes, which is formed by fully foaming a foaming agent in a mechanical mode through a foaming system of a foaming machine, uniformly mixing foam and cement slurry, then carrying out cast-in-place construction or mould forming through a pumping system of the foaming machine and carrying out natural maintenance; the foaming concrete is a double-sleeve continuous structure polymer of organic cementing material formed by stirring foaming agent, cement, fly ash and the like, and contains uniform air holes; the foamed concrete is used for heat preservation and slope finding of roofs, heat preservation bedding layers of floors, heat preservation materials of walls and the like.
The foamed concrete has various advantages in specific applications, such as light weight, heat preservation, heat insulation, sound insulation, fire resistance and the like when the foamed concrete is used as a wall heat preservation material. However, with the continuous development of building materials, the performance requirements of the building field on the foam concrete are higher and higher, that is, the mechanical properties of the foam concrete need to be improved, and the density of the foam concrete needs to be reduced to improve the heat insulation performance, but the strength and the heat conductivity coefficient of the foam concrete generally cannot meet the requirements.
The domestic patent with the application number of CN202111129272.8 discloses high-stability ultralight pumping foam concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high-stability ultralight pumping foam concrete comprises the following components in parts by mass: 50-60 parts of Portland cement, 5-10 parts of mineral admixture, 5-10 parts of special quick-hardening cement, 0.5-1 part of inorganic short fiber, 15-25 parts of water, 0.5-1.5 parts of water reducing agent, 0.1-0.3 part of graphene oxide aerogel, 4-8 parts of composite foaming agent and 12-18 parts of polyphenyl granules. The high-stability ultralight pumping foam concrete provided by the invention has the characteristics of heat preservation and insulation, whole body waterproofing and environmental protection, but performance tests show that the highest compressive strength of the obtained foam concrete is 0.45Mpa although the lowest heat conductivity coefficient can reach 0.037 w/(m.k), and the strength is low, so that the requirement of a building material on the high mechanical property of the foam concrete is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides light foam concrete and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problem that the strength and the heat conductivity coefficient of the foam concrete in the related technology are difficult to meet the requirements at the same time, so that the obtained light foam concrete has excellent heat insulation performance and mechanical property at the same time.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the lightweight foam concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of cement, 0.85-1.2 parts of yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel, 0.25-0.35 part of modified glass fiber, 2.2-3.2 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 15-23 parts of fly ash, 0.40-0.45 part of composite foaming agent, 0.72-0.96 part of early strength agent, 0.52-0.68 part of water reducing agent, 0.03-0.05 part of foam stabilizer and 59-68 parts of water.
Preferably, the preparation method of the yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding butyl titanate into absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain a solution, then slowly dropwise adding a yttrium nitrate/lanthanum nitrate mixed aqueous solution with the pH value of 2.5-3.5 into the solution while stirring, and standing after dropwise adding to prepare yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide sol;
step S2: adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the yttrium/lanthanum codoped titanium dioxide sol, immersing the yttrium/lanthanum codoped titanium dioxide sol in the absolute ethyl alcohol, standing and aging at 55-65 ℃ for 2-3 days, washing with the absolute ethyl alcohol for 3-5 times, drying the obtained gel at 50-55 ℃ for 20-30h, heating to 70-75 ℃ for 10-15h, drying at 100 ℃ for 8-10h, crushing, and screening to obtain the yttrium/lanthanum codoped titanium dioxide aerogel.
Preferably, in the step S1, in the yttrium nitrate/lanthanum nitrate mixed aqueous solution, the concentration of yttrium nitrate is 0.01-0.03mol/L, the concentration of lanthanum nitrate is 0.03-0.06mol/L, and the volume ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol, butyl titanate, yttrium nitrate/lanthanum nitrate mixed aqueous solution is (4-5): 0.8-1.3): 1-1.5;
the preparation method of the yttrium nitrate/lanthanum nitrate mixed water solution comprises the following steps: adding yttrium nitrate and lanthanum nitrate into water, stirring uniformly, adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value of the solution to 2.5-3.5, and obtaining the yttrium nitrate/lanthanum nitrate mixed aqueous solution.
In the step S2, the particle size of the yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel is 30-80 μm.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified glass fiber comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing the glass fiber and the acid solution in a reaction kettle, immersing the glass fiber in the acid solution, sealing the reaction kettle, heating to 155-160 ℃, standing for 50-80min, cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing with deionized water, and drying;
step two: immersing the glass fiber obtained by the treatment in the first step into a polyethylene glycol aqueous solution, stirring for 1-2h, and then filtering and drying;
step three: and (3) placing the glass fiber obtained by the second step and triethylamine aqueous solution into a reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, heating to 160-180 ℃ for hydrothermal reaction for 2-3h, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, filtering, and drying at 60-65 ℃ to obtain the modified glass fiber.
Preferably, in the step one, the length of the glass fiber is 2-6mm; the acid solution is a nitric acid solution with the concentration of 0.1-0.2 mol/L;
in the second step, the mass fraction of polyethylene glycol in the polyethylene glycol aqueous solution is 5-10%, and the polyethylene glycol is polyethylene glycol 800 or polyethylene glycol 1000;
in the third step, the triethylamine in the triethylamine aqueous solution accounts for 3-5% by mass, and the glass fiber obtained by the treatment in the second step is immersed in the triethylamine aqueous solution.
Preferably, the composite foaming agent is prepared by mixing coconut oil diethanolamide, ethoxylated alkyl sodium sulfate and lauramidopropyl amine oxide according to the mass ratio of 1 (0.8-1.5) to (0.2-0.6) or mixing coconut oil diethanolamide, ethoxylated alkyl sodium sulfate and nano silicon dioxide according to the mass ratio of 1 (1-1.6) to (0.05-0.1).
Preferably, the early strength agent is prepared by mixing tricalcium aluminate and triethanolamine according to the mass ratio of 1 (0.5-1.2).
Preferably, the foam stabilizer is prepared by mixing fatty acid methyl alcohol amide and alkylphenol ethoxylates according to the mass ratio of 3 (1-2).
Preferably, the cement is 42.5-grade ordinary portland cement; the fly ash is at least one of class II fly ash and class III fly ash; the solid content of the styrene-acrylic emulsion is 45-55%, and the pH value is 8-8.5; the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
In the invention, the preparation method of the light foam concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the raw materials in proportion;
(2) Adding 35-42 times of water by mass into the composite foaming agent for dilution, and then adding the foam stabilizer for mixing to prepare foam;
(3) Uniformly stirring cement, yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel, modified glass fiber and fly ash, then adding styrene-acrylic emulsion and the residual amount of water, uniformly stirring, then adding the residual raw materials (an early strength agent and a water reducing agent), and uniformly stirring to obtain cement slurry; adding the foam prepared in the step (2) into the cement slurry, and fully stirring to obtain mixed slurry; and pouring, removing the mould and maintaining the mixed slurry to obtain the light foam concrete.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel prepared by the invention is uniformly distributed with nano pores, the pore diameter is generally 10-40nm, the porosity is more than 91%, the overall thermal conductivity coefficient is low (less than 0.015 w/(m.k)), the bonding strength with a concrete matrix is high, the thermal barrier property is excellent, the specific surface area is high, the dispersibility is good, small gaps in the wall of the concrete hole can be effectively filled, the density of the wall structure is high, and the wall strength of the foam concrete hole can be enhanced. And the titanium dioxide aerogel in the invention is doped with a proper amount of yttrium and lanthanum, which is more beneficial to enhancing the stability of the foam. In addition, the yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel disclosed by the invention is suitable in addition amount, so that the yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel can be fully wrapped by cement slurry, a cement hydration product can be well attached to aerogel particles, and the generation of structural defects of the hole wall is effectively reduced. The yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel prepared by the method disclosed by the invention can be used for effectively improving the overall strength of concrete and increasing the corrosion resistance of the concrete.
2. According to the invention, the modified glass fiber is added into the light foam concrete, when the modified glass fiber is prepared, acid solution is firstly used for hydrothermal etching, so that the roughness of the surface of the glass fiber can be increased, then polyethylene glycol is adopted for modification, the dispersibility and the surface functional groups of the glass fiber can be enhanced, and then hydrothermal reaction is carried out, so that the nitrogen-doped modified glass fiber can be prepared, the surface groups of the modified glass fiber are rich, the activity is high, the bonding capability with a concrete matrix is strong, and the strength of the light foam concrete is effectively enhanced.
3. In the composite foaming agent, the coconut oil diethanolamide, the ethoxylated alkyl sodium sulfate and the lauramidopropyl amine oxide are compounded or the coconut oil diethanolamide, the ethoxylated alkyl sodium sulfate and the nano silicon dioxide are compounded, so that the foaming agent with good foaming effect, high foam uniformity, less damage phenomenon and high-quality pore structure can be obtained, and the strength of concrete is favorably enhanced. Especially when the coconut oil diethanolamide, the ethoxylated sodium alkyl sulfate and the nano-silica are compounded, the prepared foam by the foaming agent has smaller aperture and higher uniformity, and meanwhile, the nano-silica can generate hydration reaction with a cementing material and has strong binding force with a concrete matrix, so that the strength of the concrete is increased.
4. The invention reasonably sets the water addition amount of the invention, so that the water-cement ratio is appropriate, the preparation of the foam concrete is facilitated, the pore size distribution is uniform, and the pore wall strength can be improved. And the strength, toughness and the like of the concrete can be improved by adding a proper amount of styrene-acrylic emulsion and chemically combining with the gel material. In addition, the added foam stabilizer can effectively improve the viscosity of a foaming system, has good foam stabilizing effect and improves the foam quality.
5. The raw materials are mutually matched, so that the prepared light foam concrete has excellent heat insulation performance and mechanical property.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any inventive step, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1: preparation of yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel
A preparation method of yttrium/lanthanum codoped titanium dioxide aerogel comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding butyl titanate into absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain a solution, then slowly dropwise adding a yttrium nitrate/lanthanum nitrate mixed aqueous solution with the pH value of 2.5 into the solution while stirring, and standing after dropwise adding is finished to prepare the yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide sol.
The preparation method of the yttrium nitrate/lanthanum nitrate mixed water solution comprises the following steps: adding yttrium nitrate and lanthanum nitrate into water, uniformly stirring, and adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value of the solution to 2.5 to obtain yttrium nitrate/lanthanum nitrate mixed aqueous solution; in the yttrium nitrate/lanthanum nitrate mixed water solution, the concentration of yttrium nitrate is 0.01mol/L, and the concentration of lanthanum nitrate is 0.06mol/L. In the step (1), the volume ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol to the butyl titanate to the yttrium nitrate/lanthanum nitrate mixed aqueous solution is 5.
(2) Adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the yttrium/lanthanum codoped titanium dioxide sol, immersing the yttrium/lanthanum codoped titanium dioxide sol in the absolute ethyl alcohol, standing and aging for 2 days at 65 ℃, washing for 5 times by using the absolute ethyl alcohol, drying the obtained gel at 55 ℃ for 30 hours, heating to 70 ℃ for drying for 15 hours, drying at 100 ℃ for 10 hours, crushing and screening to prepare the yttrium/lanthanum codoped titanium dioxide aerogel, wherein the particle size of the yttrium/lanthanum codoped titanium dioxide aerogel is 30-80 mu m.
Example 2: preparation of yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel
A preparation method of yttrium/lanthanum codoped titanium dioxide aerogel comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding butyl titanate into absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain a solution, then slowly dropwise adding a yttrium nitrate/lanthanum nitrate mixed aqueous solution with the pH value of 3.5 into the solution while stirring, and standing after dropwise adding is finished to prepare the yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide sol.
The preparation method of the yttrium nitrate/lanthanum nitrate mixed water solution comprises the following steps: adding yttrium nitrate and lanthanum nitrate into water, uniformly stirring, adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value of the solution to 3.5, and obtaining yttrium nitrate/lanthanum nitrate mixed aqueous solution; in the yttrium nitrate/lanthanum nitrate mixed water solution, the concentration of yttrium nitrate is 0.03mol/L, and the concentration of lanthanum nitrate is 0.03mol/L. The volume ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol, the butyl titanate and the yttrium nitrate/lanthanum nitrate mixed water solution in the step (1) is 4.
(2) Adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide sol, immersing the yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide sol by the absolute ethyl alcohol, standing and aging for 3 days at 55 ℃, washing for 3 times by the absolute ethyl alcohol, drying the obtained gel at 50 ℃ for 20h, heating to 75 ℃ for 10h, drying at 100 ℃ for 8h, crushing and screening to obtain the yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel, wherein the particle size of the yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel is 30-80 mu m.
Example 3: preparation of modified glass fibers
A preparation method of modified glass fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) Putting glass fiber with the length of 2-6mm and nitric acid solution with the concentration of 0.2mol/L into a reaction kettle, enabling the nitric acid solution to immerse the glass fiber, sealing the reaction kettle, heating to 160 ℃, standing for 50min, cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing with deionized water, and drying.
(2) Immersing the glass fiber obtained by the treatment in the step (1) into a polyethylene glycol 800 aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 10%, stirring for 1h, and then filtering and drying.
(3) And (3) placing the glass fiber obtained by the treatment in the step (2) and a triethylamine aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 5% in a reaction kettle, immersing the triethylamine aqueous solution in the glass fiber, sealing the reaction kettle, heating to 180 ℃ for hydrothermal reaction for 2 hours, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, filtering, and drying at 65 ℃ to obtain the modified glass fiber.
Example 4: preparation of modified glass fibers
A preparation method of modified glass fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) Putting glass fiber with the length of 2-6mm and nitric acid solution with the concentration of 0.1mol/L into a reaction kettle, immersing the glass fiber in the nitric acid solution, sealing the reaction kettle, heating to 155 ℃, standing for 80min, cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing with deionized water, and drying.
(2) Immersing the glass fiber obtained by the treatment in the step (1) into a water solution of polyethylene glycol 1000 with the mass fraction of 5%, stirring for 2h, and then filtering and drying.
(3) And (3) placing the glass fiber obtained by the treatment in the step (2) and a triethylamine aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 3% in a reaction kettle, immersing the triethylamine aqueous solution in the glass fiber, sealing the reaction kettle, heating to 160 ℃ for hydrothermal reaction for 3 hours, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, filtering, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the modified glass fiber.
Example 5: preparation of light foam concrete
The lightweight foam concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of 42.5-grade ordinary portland cement, 1 part of yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel, 0.35 part of modified glass fiber, 2.6 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 20 parts of II-grade fly ash, 0.42 part of composite foaming agent, 0.75 part of early strength agent, 0.66 part of water reducing agent, 0.05 part of foam stabilizer and 62 parts of water.
The yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel is the yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel prepared in example 1, and the modified glass fiber is the modified glass fiber prepared in example 3.
The composite foaming agent is prepared by mixing coconut oil diethanolamide, ethoxylated alkyl sodium sulfate and lauramidopropyl amine oxide according to a mass ratio of 1. The solid content of the styrene-acrylic emulsion is 55 percent, and the pH value is 8. The early strength agent is prepared by mixing tricalcium aluminate and triethanolamine according to the mass ratio of 1. The polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. The foam stabilizer is prepared by mixing fatty acid methyl alcohol amide and alkylphenol ethoxylates according to the mass ratio of 3.
The preparation method of the light foam concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the raw materials in proportion;
(2) Adding water with the mass being 37 times that of the composite foaming agent into the composite foaming agent for dilution, and then adding a foam stabilizer into the composite foaming agent for mixing to prepare foam;
(3) Uniformly stirring 42.5-grade ordinary portland cement, yttrium/lanthanum codoped titanium dioxide aerogel, modified glass fiber and II-grade fly ash, then adding styrene-acrylic emulsion and the rest of water, uniformly stirring, then adding the rest of raw materials, and uniformly stirring to obtain cement slurry; adding the foam prepared in the step (2) into the cement slurry, and fully stirring to obtain mixed slurry; pouring, removing the mould and maintaining the mixed slurry to obtain the light foam concrete.
Example 6: preparation of light foam concrete
The lightweight foam concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of 42.5-grade ordinary portland cement, 1.2 parts of yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel, 0.29 part of modified glass fiber, 3.2 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 20 parts of II-grade fly ash, 0.4 part of composite foaming agent, 0.96 part of early strength agent, 0.52 part of water reducing agent, 0.04 part of foam stabilizer and 68 parts of water.
The yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel is the yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel prepared in example 2, and the modified glass fiber is the modified glass fiber prepared in example 4.
The composite foaming agent is prepared by mixing coconut oil diethanolamide, ethoxylated alkyl sodium sulfate and lauramidopropyl amine oxide according to the mass ratio of 1.5. The solid content of the styrene-acrylic emulsion is 52 percent, and the pH value is 8. The early strength agent is prepared by mixing tricalcium aluminate and triethanolamine according to the mass ratio of 1. The polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. The foam stabilizer is prepared by mixing fatty acid methyl alcohol amide and alkylphenol ethoxylates according to the mass ratio of 3.
The preparation method of the light foam concrete is the same as that of example 5.
Example 7: preparation of light foam concrete
The lightweight foam concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of 42.5-grade ordinary portland cement, 0.91 part of yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel, 0.25 part of modified glass fiber, 2.2 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 23 parts of II-grade fly ash, 0.42 part of composite foaming agent, 0.85 part of early strength agent, 0.58 part of water reducing agent, 0.05 part of foam stabilizer and 60 parts of water.
The yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel is the yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel prepared in example 2, and the modified glass fiber is the modified glass fiber prepared in example 3.
The composite foaming agent is prepared by mixing coconut oil diethanolamide, ethoxylated alkyl sodium sulfate and lauramidopropyl amine oxide according to a mass ratio of 1. The solid content of the styrene-acrylic emulsion is 52 percent, and the pH value is 8. The early strength agent is prepared by mixing tricalcium aluminate and triethanolamine according to the mass ratio of 1. The polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. The foam stabilizer is prepared by mixing fatty acid methyl alcohol amide and alkylphenol ethoxylates according to the mass ratio of 3.
The preparation method of the light foam concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the raw materials in proportion;
(2) Adding water with the mass 42 times that of the composite foaming agent into the composite foaming agent for dilution, and then adding a foam stabilizer into the composite foaming agent for mixing to prepare foam;
(3) Uniformly stirring 42.5-grade ordinary portland cement, yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel, modified glass fiber and II-grade fly ash, then adding styrene-acrylic emulsion and the residual amount of water, uniformly stirring, then adding the residual raw materials, and uniformly stirring to obtain cement slurry; adding the foam prepared in the step (2) into the cement slurry, and fully stirring to obtain mixed slurry; pouring, removing the mould and maintaining the mixed slurry to obtain the light foam concrete.
Example 8: preparation of light foam concrete
The lightweight foam concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of 42.5-grade ordinary portland cement, 0.95 part of yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel, 0.29 part of modified glass fiber, 2.8 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 19 parts of II-grade fly ash, 0.45 part of composite foaming agent, 0.86 part of early strength agent, 0.58 part of water reducing agent, 0.03 part of foam stabilizer and 59 parts of water.
The yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel is the yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel prepared in example 1, and the modified glass fiber is the modified glass fiber prepared in example 3.
The composite foaming agent is prepared by mixing coconut oil diethanolamide, ethoxylated sodium alkyl sulfate and nano silicon dioxide according to a mass ratio of 1: 1.6. The solid content of the styrene-acrylic emulsion is 45 percent, and the pH value is 8.5. The early strength agent is prepared by mixing tricalcium aluminate and triethanolamine according to the mass ratio of 1. The polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. The foam stabilizer is prepared by mixing fatty acid methyl alcohol amide and alkylphenol ethoxylates according to the mass ratio of 3.
The preparation method of the light foam concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the raw materials in proportion;
(2) Adding 35 times of water by mass into the composite foaming agent for dilution, and then adding the foam stabilizer for mixing to prepare foam;
(3) Uniformly stirring 42.5-grade ordinary portland cement, yttrium/lanthanum codoped titanium dioxide aerogel, modified glass fiber and II-grade fly ash, then adding styrene-acrylic emulsion and the rest of water, uniformly stirring, then adding the rest of raw materials, and uniformly stirring to obtain cement slurry; adding the foam prepared in the step (2) into the cement slurry, and fully stirring to obtain mixed slurry; pouring, removing the mould and maintaining the mixed slurry to obtain the light foam concrete.
Example 9: preparation of light foam concrete
The lightweight foam concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of 42.5-grade ordinary portland cement, 0.85 part of yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel, 0.3 part of modified glass fiber, 2.8 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 15 parts of II-grade fly ash, 0.45 part of composite foaming agent, 0.72 part of early strength agent, 0.68 part of water reducing agent, 0.03 part of foam stabilizer and 60 parts of water.
The yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel is the yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel prepared in example 2, and the modified glass fiber is the modified glass fiber prepared in example 4.
The composite foaming agent is prepared by mixing coconut oil diethanolamide, ethoxylated sodium alkyl sulfate and nano silicon dioxide according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.1. The solid content of the styrene-acrylic emulsion is 45 percent, and the pH value is 8.5. The early strength agent is prepared by mixing tricalcium aluminate and triethanolamine according to the mass ratio of 1. The polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. The foam stabilizer is prepared by mixing fatty acid methanol amide and alkylphenol ethoxylate according to the mass ratio of 3: 2.
The preparation of the lightweight foam concrete was carried out in the same manner as in example 8.
Comparative example 1:
a lightweight foam concrete, which is different from example 5 in that a yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel is replaced by a titanium dioxide aerogel, and the others are the same as example 5.
Comparative example 2:
a lightweight cellular concrete, which is different from example 5 in that modified glass fibers are replaced with raw glass fibers, and which is otherwise the same as example 5.
Comparative example 3:
a lightweight foam concrete, different from example 5, is prepared by mixing coconut oil diethanolamide and sodium dodecyl sulfate according to the mass ratio of 1.
And (3) performance testing:
pouring the mixed slurry in the examples 5-9 and the comparative examples 1-3 into a mould to prepare a test block, wherein the test block for testing the compressive strength is a cubic test block with the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm, and curing for 28d in a standard curing room after forming, and the test method refers to JG/T266-2011 foam concrete; selecting a cubic test block with the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm for testing the dry density, curing for 28 days in a standard curing room after molding, putting the test block into an oven with the temperature of (60 +/-5) DEG C, drying to constant weight, and cooling to room temperature, wherein the test method refers to JG/T266-2011 foam concrete; the test block for testing the heat conductivity coefficient is a cube test block with the size of 300mm multiplied by 30mm, the cube test block is cured for 28 days in a standard curing room after being formed, the test block is placed in an oven with the temperature of (60 +/-5) DEG C to be dried to constant weight and then cooled to room temperature, and the test method refers to GB/T10294-2008 & ltmethod for determining steady-state thermal resistance of heat insulation materials and related characteristics of guarded hot plate method'. The specific results of the performance test are shown in table 1.
Table 1 results of performance testing
As can be seen from Table 1, the lightweight foam concrete prepared in the embodiments 5 to 9 of the invention has excellent heat insulation performance and mechanical property, can better meet the increasingly high requirements of the building field on the comprehensive performance of the lightweight foam concrete, and has a wide market prospect. As can be seen from comparison of comparative examples 1-3 and example 5, yttrium/lanthanum doping modification is performed on the titanium dioxide aerogel, and specific modification is performed on the glass fiber, so that the strength and the heat preservation performance of the light foam concrete can be obviously improved, and the composite foaming agent has certain technical advantages compared with other surfactant foaming agents.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The light foam concrete is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of cement, 0.85-1.2 parts of yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel, 0.25-0.35 part of modified glass fiber, 2.2-3.2 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 15-23 parts of fly ash, 0.40-0.45 part of composite foaming agent, 0.72-0.96 part of early strength agent, 0.52-0.68 part of water reducing agent, 0.03-0.05 part of foam stabilizer and 59-68 parts of water;
the preparation method of the yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding butyl titanate into absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain a solution, then slowly dropwise adding a yttrium nitrate/lanthanum nitrate mixed aqueous solution with the pH value of 2.5-3.5 into the solution while stirring, and standing after dropwise adding to prepare yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide sol;
step S2: adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the yttrium/lanthanum codoped titanium dioxide sol, immersing the yttrium/lanthanum codoped titanium dioxide sol in the absolute ethyl alcohol, standing and aging at 55-65 ℃ for 2-3 days, washing with the absolute ethyl alcohol for 3-5 times, drying the obtained gel at 50-55 ℃ for 20-30h, heating to 70-75 ℃ for 10-15h, drying at 100 ℃ for 8-10h, crushing, and screening to prepare the yttrium/lanthanum codoped titanium dioxide aerogel;
the preparation method of the modified glass fiber comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing the glass fiber and the acid solution in a reaction kettle, immersing the glass fiber in the acid solution, sealing the reaction kettle, heating to 155-160 ℃, standing for 50-80min, cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing with deionized water, and drying;
step two: immersing the glass fiber obtained by the first step into a polyethylene glycol aqueous solution, stirring for 1-2h, and then filtering and drying;
step three: placing the glass fiber obtained by the second step and triethylamine aqueous solution into a reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, heating to 160-180 ℃ for hydrothermal reaction for 2-3h, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, filtering, and drying at 60-65 ℃ to obtain the modified glass fiber;
the composite foaming agent is prepared by mixing coconut oil diethanolamide, ethoxylated alkyl sodium sulfate and lauramidopropyl amine oxide according to the mass ratio of 1 (0.8-1.5) to (0.2-0.6) or mixing coconut oil diethanolamide, ethoxylated alkyl sodium sulfate and nano silicon dioxide according to the mass ratio of 1 (1-1.6) to (0.05-0.1).
2. The lightweight foamed concrete according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the concentration of yttrium nitrate in the yttrium nitrate/lanthanum nitrate mixed aqueous solution is 0.01-0.03mol/L, the concentration of lanthanum nitrate is 0.03-0.06mol/L, and the volume ratio of the anhydrous ethanol, butyl titanate, yttrium nitrate/lanthanum nitrate mixed aqueous solution is (4-5): 0.8-1.3): 1-1.5;
the preparation method of the yttrium nitrate/lanthanum nitrate mixed water solution comprises the following steps: adding yttrium nitrate and lanthanum nitrate into water, uniformly stirring, and adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value of the solution to 2.5-3.5 to obtain the yttrium nitrate/lanthanum nitrate mixed aqueous solution;
in the step S2, the particle size of the yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel is 30-80 μm.
3. The lightweight foamed concrete according to claim 1, wherein in step one, the glass fibers have a length of 2 to 6mm; the acid solution is a nitric acid solution with the concentration of 0.1-0.2 mol/L;
in the second step, the mass fraction of polyethylene glycol in the polyethylene glycol aqueous solution is 5-10%, and the polyethylene glycol is polyethylene glycol 800 or polyethylene glycol 1000;
in the third step, the triethylamine in the triethylamine aqueous solution accounts for 3-5% by mass, and the glass fiber obtained by the treatment in the second step is immersed in the triethylamine aqueous solution.
4. The lightweight foam concrete according to claim 1, wherein the early strength agent is prepared by mixing tricalcium aluminate and triethanolamine according to a mass ratio of 1 (0.5-1.2).
5. The lightweight foamed concrete according to claim 1, wherein the foam stabilizer is prepared by mixing fatty acid methyl alcohol amide and alkylphenol ethoxylate according to a mass ratio of 3 (1-2).
6. The lightweight foamed concrete according to claim 1, wherein said cement is a 42.5 grade portland cement; the fly ash is at least one of class II fly ash and class III fly ash; the solid content of the styrene-acrylic emulsion is 45-55%, and the pH value is 8-8.5; the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
7. The method of producing a lightweight foamed concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) Weighing the raw materials in proportion;
(2) Adding 35-42 times of water by mass into the composite foaming agent for dilution, and then adding the foam stabilizer for mixing to prepare foam;
(3) Uniformly stirring cement, yttrium/lanthanum co-doped titanium dioxide aerogel, modified glass fiber and fly ash, then adding styrene-acrylic emulsion and the residual amount of water, uniformly stirring, then adding the residual raw materials, and uniformly stirring to obtain cement slurry; adding the foam prepared in the step (2) into the cement slurry, and fully stirring to obtain mixed slurry; and pouring, removing the mold and maintaining the mixed slurry to obtain the light foam concrete.
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