CN115646457B - Heavy metal removing additive, heavy metal removing carbon rod and preparation method - Google Patents
Heavy metal removing additive, heavy metal removing carbon rod and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115646457B CN115646457B CN202211292630.1A CN202211292630A CN115646457B CN 115646457 B CN115646457 B CN 115646457B CN 202211292630 A CN202211292630 A CN 202211292630A CN 115646457 B CN115646457 B CN 115646457B
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- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical group C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004699 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940075507 glyceryl monostearate Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001788 mono and diglycerides of fatty acids Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009292 forward osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013048 microbiological method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention provides a heavy metal removal additive, a heavy metal removal carbon rod and a preparation method thereof, wherein a mixed solution of heavy metal removal active particles, hydrophilic fibers and a surfactant is used as a water phase dispersing agent, a styrene monomer for dissolving an initiator is used as an oil phase dispersing liquid, an emulsion template method is adopted, the size of emulsion microspheres can be regulated and controlled by regulating the volume ratio of emulsion water to oil, and the heavy metal removal additive with high specific surface area and adjustable particle size of the microspheres is obtained. The heavy metal removing additive also has better strength, and can be used for preparing the heavy metal removing carbon rod with good strength and high flow rate in the extrusion carbon rod forming process. The heavy metal removing carbon rod can be used in the field of household water purification to remove heavy metals such as lead, mercury, arsenic and the like in water, and has a good removing effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of filter elements of water purifiers, in particular to a heavy metal removal additive, a heavy metal removal carbon rod and a preparation method.
Background
Heavy metal elements precipitated in the running water body due to the corrosion of the water delivery pipeline can cause heavy metal pollution in the water body. The heavy metals most seriously affecting the human body are mainly lead, mercury, cadmium and arsenic. For heavy metal elements in the water body, a membrane separation method, an ion exchange method, a microbiological method, an adsorption method and the like are mainly used for removing, and an RO machine is mainly used for removing the heavy metal elements in the water body by utilizing a reverse osmosis principle in the field of household water purification. However, the RO machine has the defects of high water consumption, power plug-in requirement, high noise of a booster pump, night water generated by stopping forward osmosis, poor adsorption effect on small molecular organic matters and the like.
The activated carbon rod has low cost compared with the RO membrane, and has extremely high specific surface area and high adsorption efficiency on organic matters. However, the effect of removing heavy metals is not as good as that of RO membrane, so the functional carbon rods on the market at the present stage are all added with heavy metal removing additives. Most of the conventional heavy metal removal additives are fine in particle size, unmatched with the mesh number of the activated carbon, poor in strength and fragile, so that the heavy metal removal additives can only be applied to the field of sintered carbon rods with higher cost. If a heavy metal removing additive with adjustable particle size and good strength is developed, the method can be suitable for extrusion of the heavy metal removing carbon rod, and has important significance for reducing production cost and improving quality of the extrusion of the heavy metal removing carbon rod.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heavy metal removal additive which has higher specific surface area and better strength and can be used in an extrusion molding process to prepare a heavy metal removal carbon rod.
The invention further aims to provide a preparation method of the heavy metal removal additive, which adopts an emulsion template method, and the size of emulsion microspheres can be regulated and controlled by regulating and controlling the water-oil volume ratio of the emulsion, so that the heavy metal removal additive with high specific surface area and better strength and adjustable particle size of the microspheres can be prepared.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide a heavy metal removing carbon rod which can be used for removing heavy metals such as lead, mercury, arsenic and the like in water, and has good removing effect and high flow.
The fourth object of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the heavy metal removing carbon rod, wherein the heavy metal removing carbon rod can be prepared by using the heavy metal removing additive in an extrusion carbon rod forming process, and the method is simple, easy to form and controllable in parameters, and is suitable for industrial mass production.
The invention solves the technical problems by adopting the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a preparation method of a heavy metal removal additive, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing heavy metal removing active particles and deionized water, adding hydrophilic fibers and a surfactant, and stirring to obtain aqueous phase dispersion, wherein the heavy metal removing active particles are selected from two of titanium dioxide, active aluminum oxide, zeolite molecular sieves, nano zinc oxide, nano iron, ferric oxide and ferric chloride;
s2, dissolving an initiator in a styrene monomer to obtain an oil phase dispersion liquid;
s3, after the aqueous phase dispersion liquid and the oil phase dispersion liquid are mixed, carrying out ultrasonic vibration for 25-35 min to obtain an oil-in-water emulsion;
and S4, carrying out polymerization reaction on the oil-in-water emulsion under the water bath condition, and then freeze-drying, grinding and sieving the emulsion to obtain the heavy metal removing additive.
The invention provides a heavy metal removal additive, which is prepared according to the preparation method.
The invention also provides a heavy metal removing carbon rod which comprises, by weight, 50-70 parts of activated carbon powder, 25-30 parts of an adhesive and 5-20 parts of a heavy metal removing additive.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the heavy metal removing carbon rod, which comprises the following steps:
and respectively weighing the activated carbon powder, the adhesive and the heavy metal removal additive according to the weight parts of the heavy metal removal carbon rod, premixing the activated carbon powder and the heavy metal removal additive, adding the adhesive, mixing, extruding, forming and cutting to obtain the heavy metal removal carbon rod.
The heavy metal removing additive and the heavy metal removing carbon rod and the preparation method of the heavy metal removing additive and the heavy metal removing carbon rod have the beneficial effects that:
the invention takes the mixed solution of heavy metal removing active particles, hydrophilic fibers and surfactant as a water phase dispersing agent, takes the styrene monomer for dissolving an initiator as an oil phase dispersing liquid, adopts an emulsion template method and can regulate and control the size of emulsion microspheres by regulating and controlling the water-oil volume ratio of the emulsion, thus obtaining the heavy metal removing additive with high specific surface area and adjustable particle size of the microspheres. The heavy metal removing additive also has better strength, and can be used for preparing the heavy metal removing carbon rod with good strength and high flow rate in the extrusion carbon rod forming process. The heavy metal removing carbon rod can be used in the field of household water purification to remove heavy metals such as lead, mercury, arsenic and the like in water, and has a good removing effect.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
The heavy metal removing additive and the heavy metal removing carbon rod and the preparation method of the heavy metal removing additive and the heavy metal removing carbon rod are specifically described below.
The preparation method of the heavy metal removal additive provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing heavy metal removing active particles and deionized water, adding hydrophilic fibers and a surfactant, and stirring to obtain aqueous phase dispersion, wherein the heavy metal removing active particles are selected from two of titanium dioxide, active aluminum oxide, zeolite molecular sieves, nano zinc oxide, nano iron, ferric oxide and ferric chloride.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrophilic fiber is selected from one or more of carboxymethyl cellulose, polyanionic cellulose, cellulose nanowhisker, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surfactant is selected from one or more of glyceryl monostearate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, fatty acid soap and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aqueous dispersion comprises, by weight, 30-85 parts of heavy metal removing active particles, 10-20 parts of hydrophilic fibers, and 5-15 parts of surfactants.
S2, dissolving an initiator in the styrene monomer to obtain an oil phase dispersion liquid.
S3, mixing the aqueous phase dispersion liquid and the oil phase dispersion liquid, and performing ultrasonic vibration for 25-35 min to obtain the oil-in-water emulsion.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the volume ratio of the aqueous phase dispersion to the oil phase dispersion is 2 to 5:1.
And S4, carrying out polymerization reaction on the oil-in-water emulsion under the water bath condition, and then freeze-drying, grinding and sieving the emulsion to obtain the heavy metal removing additive. After the oil-in-water emulsion polymerization, freeze-drying is performed by using a freeze dryer to remove residual solvent, and coarse and fine particles are respectively removed by grinding by using a 200-mesh screen and a 400-mesh screen, so that the heavy metal removing additive can be obtained.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polymerization reaction temperature is 60 to 80 ℃ and the reaction time is 10 to 15 hours.
The invention uses an emulsion template method to regulate the size of emulsion microspheres by regulating the water-oil volume ratio of the emulsion, thus obtaining the heavy metal removing additive with high specific surface area and adjustable particle size of the microspheres. In addition, the heavy metal additive also has better strength, is suitable for extrusion carbon rod forming technology to prepare the heavy metal removing carbon rod, can reduce the production cost and can improve the quality of the heavy metal removing extrusion carbon rod.
The invention also provides a heavy metal removal additive which is prepared according to the preparation method.
The invention also provides a heavy metal removing carbon rod which comprises, by weight, 50-70 parts of activated carbon powder, 25-30 parts of an adhesive and 5-20 parts of the heavy metal removing additive.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the activated carbon powder is selected from one or more of coconut shell activated carbon powder, fruit shell activated carbon powder, wooden activated carbon powder, coal activated carbon powder, bamboo activated carbon powder.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the activated carbon powder is selected from one or more of 60 to 140 mesh, 80 to 200 mesh, 80 to 325 mesh, and 80 to 400 mesh.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive is at least one selected from the group consisting of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, the heavy metal removing carbon rod has a height of 110-263 mm, an inner diameter of 10-30 mm, an outer diameter of 25-60 mm and a gram weight of 60-350 g/PCS.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the heavy metal removing carbon rod, which comprises the following steps:
premixing the activated carbon powder and the heavy metal removal additive, adding an adhesive, mixing, extruding, forming and cutting to obtain the heavy metal removal carbon rod. The heavy metal removing additive is easy to mix into active carbon powder and adhesive, and carbon rods with different effects of removing heavy metals such as lead, mercury, arsenic and the like can be obtained after extrusion molding. In addition, because the intensity of the heavy metal removing additive is good, broken particles can not be generated when the heavy metal removing additive is extruded by a screw, so that the heavy metal removing carbon rod added with the heavy metal removing additive also has high flow rate and can be used in the field of household water purification.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, the premixing adopts a conical stirring device, the rotating speed of the conical stirring device is 150-200 r/min, and the premixing time is 30-90 min. The rotational speed of the conical stirring device is 100-150 r/min after the adhesive is added, and the mixing time is 10-30 min.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the extrusion includes three stages of temperatures, the first stage of temperature is 120-150 ℃, the second stage of temperature is 180-220 ℃, and the third stage of temperature is 170-185 ℃.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotational speed of the screw is 200-400 r/min during the extrusion molding.
The features and capabilities of the present invention are described in further detail below in connection with the examples.
Example 1
The heavy metal removing carbon rod provided by the embodiment is prepared according to the following method:
(1) Preparation of heavy metal removal additive:
(11) Mixing titanium dioxide, ferric oxide and deionized water, adding carboxymethyl cellulose and glyceryl monostearate, and stirring to obtain aqueous phase dispersion. Wherein, the heavy metal removing additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of titanium dioxide, 10 parts of ferric oxide, 20 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and 10 parts of glyceryl monostearate.
(12) And dissolving an initiator in the styrene monomer to obtain an oil phase dispersion liquid.
(13) Mixing the aqueous phase dispersion liquid and the oil phase dispersion liquid, and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 25-35 min to obtain the oil-in-water emulsion. Wherein the volume ratio of the aqueous phase dispersion liquid to the oil phase dispersion liquid is 3:1.
(14) Polymerizing the oil-in-water emulsion for 10 hours under the water bath condition of 60 ℃, freeze-drying, grinding and sieving to obtain the heavy metal removing additive.
(2) And (3) preparing a heavy metal removing carbon rod:
(21) Respectively weighing coconut shell activated carbon powder, heavy metal removing additive and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. The weight portions of the components are 60 portions of coconut shell activated carbon powder, 15 portions of heavy metal removing additive and 20 portions of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene; the particle size of the coconut shell activated carbon powder is 80-325 meshes.
(22) Premixing coconut shell activated carbon powder and a heavy metal removing additive in a conical stirring device, wherein the stirring speed is 200r/min, and the premixing time is 60min; then adding ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, stirring at 150r/min for 30min. And then extrusion molding and cutting are carried out to obtain the heavy metal removing carbon rod. Wherein, in the extrusion molding process, the extrusion comprises three sections of temperatures, the first section of temperature is 130 ℃, the second section of temperature is 190 ℃, and the third section of temperature is 170 ℃; the rotational speed of the screw was 300r/min. When cutting, the steel is cut into 192mm long carbon rods according to a specified size, and the gram weight is 110g.
Example 2
In this example, a heavy metal removing carbon rod is provided, which differs from example 1 in that:
(1) Preparation of heavy metal removal additive:
(11) Mixing titanium dioxide, ferric oxide and deionized water, adding carboxymethyl cellulose and glyceryl monostearate, and stirring to obtain aqueous phase dispersion. Wherein, the heavy metal removing additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of titanium dioxide, 20 parts of ferric oxide, 20 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and 10 parts of glyceryl monostearate.
(12) And dissolving an initiator in the styrene monomer to obtain an oil phase dispersion liquid.
(13) Mixing the aqueous phase dispersion liquid and the oil phase dispersion liquid, and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 25-35 min to obtain the oil-in-water emulsion. Wherein the volume ratio of the aqueous phase dispersion liquid to the oil phase dispersion liquid is 3:1.
(14) Polymerizing the oil-in-water emulsion for 10 hours under the water bath condition of 60 ℃, freeze-drying, grinding and sieving to obtain the heavy metal removing additive.
Example 3
In this example, a heavy metal removing carbon rod is provided, which differs from example 1 in that:
(1) Preparation of heavy metal removal additive:
(11) Mixing titanium dioxide, ferric oxide and deionized water, adding carboxymethyl cellulose and glyceryl monostearate, and stirring to obtain aqueous phase dispersion. Wherein, the heavy metal removing additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of titanium dioxide, 25 parts of ferric oxide, 20 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and 10 parts of glyceryl monostearate.
(12) And dissolving an initiator in the styrene monomer to obtain an oil phase dispersion liquid.
(13) Mixing the aqueous phase dispersion liquid and the oil phase dispersion liquid, and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 25-35 min to obtain the oil-in-water emulsion. Wherein the volume ratio of the aqueous phase dispersion liquid to the oil phase dispersion liquid is 3:1.
(14) Polymerizing the oil-in-water emulsion for 10 hours under the water bath condition of 60 ℃, freeze-drying, grinding and sieving to obtain the heavy metal removing additive.
Example 4
In this example, a heavy metal removing carbon rod is provided, which differs from example 1 in that:
(1) Preparation of heavy metal removal additive:
(11) Mixing titanium dioxide, ferric oxide and deionized water, adding carboxymethyl cellulose and glyceryl monostearate, and stirring to obtain aqueous phase dispersion. Wherein, the heavy metal removing additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of titanium dioxide, 25 parts of ferric oxide, 20 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and 10 parts of glyceryl monostearate.
(12) And dissolving an initiator in the styrene monomer to obtain an oil phase dispersion liquid.
(13) Mixing the aqueous phase dispersion liquid and the oil phase dispersion liquid, and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 25-35 min to obtain the oil-in-water emulsion. Wherein the volume ratio of the aqueous phase dispersion liquid to the oil phase dispersion liquid is 4:1.
(14) Polymerizing the oil-in-water emulsion for 10 hours under the water bath condition of 60 ℃, freeze-drying, grinding and sieving to obtain the heavy metal removing additive.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a carbon rod prepared according to the following steps:
(1) Respectively weighing coconut shell activated carbon powder and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. Wherein, the weight portions of the components are 75 portions of coconut shell activated carbon powder and 25 portions of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene; the particle size of the coconut shell activated carbon powder is 80-325 meshes.
(2) Mixing coconut shell activated carbon powder and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene in a stirring device at a stirring speed of 150r/min for 30min. And then extruding, forming and cutting to obtain the carbon rod. Wherein, in the extrusion molding process, the extrusion comprises three sections of temperatures, the first section of temperature is 130 ℃, the second section of temperature is 190 ℃, and the third section of temperature is 170 ℃; the rotational speed of the screw was 300r/min. When cutting, the steel is cut into 192mm long carbon rods according to a specified size, and the gram weight is 110g.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a carbon rod prepared according to the following steps:
(1) Respectively weighing coconut shell activated carbon powder, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and titanium dioxide heavy metal removal powder. Wherein, the weight portions of the powder comprise 60 portions of coconut shell activated carbon powder, 25 portions of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and 15 portions of titanium dioxide heavy metal removal powder; the particle size of the coconut shell activated carbon powder is 80-325 meshes.
(2) Premixing coconut shell activated carbon powder and titanium dioxide heavy metal removal powder in a conical stirring device, wherein the stirring speed is 200r/min, and the premixing time is 60min; then adding ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, stirring at 150r/min for 30min. And then extrusion molding and cutting are carried out to obtain the carbon rod. Wherein, in the extrusion molding process, the extrusion comprises three sections of temperatures, the first section of temperature is 130 ℃, the second section of temperature is 190 ℃, and the third section of temperature is 170 ℃; the rotational speed of the screw was 300r/min. When cutting, the steel is cut into 192mm long carbon rods according to a specified size, and the gram weight is 110g.
Test example 1
The test example detects the removal rates of three heavy metals including lead, mercury and arsenic of the heavy metal removal carbon rods of examples 1 to 4 and the carbon rods of comparative examples 1 to 2, respectively, and comprises the following steps:
at pH6.5, the lead standard concentration is 0.15mg/L, the mercury standard concentration is 6 mug/L, and the pentavalent arsenic standard concentration is 0.3mg/L. The water flow rate was 2L/min, and Table 1 shows the heavy metal removal rate after 2T addition of the standard solution and the flow rate at 30Psi, respectively.
| Project | Lead removal rate% | Mercury removal% | Arsenic removal rate% | Flow rate (L/min@30PSI) |
| Example 1 | 99.3％ | 95.9％ | 72％ | 3.5 |
| Example 2 | 99.1％ | 92.5％ | 81.5％ | 3.5 |
| Example 3 | 97.8％ | 89.3％ | 90.2％ | 3.5 |
| Example 4 | 98.3％ | 94.8％ | 93.5％ | 3.4 |
| Comparative example 1 | 63.5％ | 55.8％ | 50.4％ | 3.8 |
| Comparative example 2 | 98.％ | 86.5％ | 75.3％ | 1.0 |
It can be seen from table 1 that the single use of the first heavy metal removal particles in the heavy metal removal additive has a good effect on lead and mercury removal but a limited effect on arsenic removal. Along with the improvement of the proportion of the second heavy metal removal particles, the arsenic removal rate is obviously increased, and the lead and mercury removal rate still keeps higher level, so the mass ratio of the two heavy metal removal particles is controlled at 2: about 1 is a more ideal proportion. As the proportion of the aqueous dispersion increases, the amount of effective particles in the heavy metal removal additive increases, the particle size of the microspheres decreases, and the specific surface area increases, so that the heavy metal removal effect of the heavy metal removal carbon rod of example 4 is better than that of example 3. In addition, compared with comparative example 2, the flow rate of the carbon rod extrusion additive is higher after the carbon rod extrusion, and the main reason is that the heavy metal removal additive has good strength, and broken particles are not generated during screw extrusion, so that the flow channel of the carbon rod is not blocked by ultrafine particles, and the flow rate is high.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the heavy metal removal additive is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, mixing heavy metal removing active particles and deionized water, adding hydrophilic fibers and a surfactant, and stirring to obtain aqueous phase dispersion, wherein the heavy metal removing active particles are selected from two of titanium dioxide, active aluminum oxide, zeolite molecular sieves, nano zinc oxide, nano iron, ferric oxide and ferric chloride;
s2, dissolving an initiator in a styrene monomer to obtain an oil phase dispersion liquid;
s3, after mixing the aqueous phase dispersion liquid and the oil phase dispersion liquid, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 25-35 min to obtain an oil-in-water emulsion, wherein the volume ratio of the aqueous phase dispersion liquid to the oil phase dispersion liquid is 2-5:1;
and S4, carrying out polymerization reaction on the oil-in-water emulsion under the water bath condition, and then freeze-drying, grinding and sieving the emulsion to obtain the heavy metal removing additive.
2. The method for preparing the heavy metal removing additive according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic fiber is one or more selected from carboxymethyl cellulose, polyanionic cellulose, cellulose nanowhisker and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
3. The method for preparing the heavy metal removing additive according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is one or more selected from the group consisting of glyceryl monostearate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, fatty acid soap and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
4. The method for preparing the heavy metal removing additive according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous dispersion liquid comprises, by weight, 30-85 parts of heavy metal removing active particles, 10-20 parts of hydrophilic fibers, and 5-15 parts of surfactants.
5. The method for preparing the heavy metal removing additive according to claim 1, wherein the polymerization reaction temperature is 60-80 ℃ and the reaction time is 10-15 h.
6. A heavy metal removing additive, characterized by being produced according to the production method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The heavy metal removing carbon rod is characterized by comprising, by weight, 50-70 parts of activated carbon powder, 25-30 parts of an adhesive and 5-20 parts of the heavy metal removing additive according to claim 6.
8. The heavy metal removing carbon rod according to claim 7, wherein the activated carbon powder is selected from one or more of coconut shell activated carbon powder, fruit shell activated carbon powder, wooden activated carbon powder, coal activated carbon powder, bamboo activated carbon powder; the adhesive is at least one selected from the group consisting of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride.
9. The preparation method of the heavy metal removing carbon rod is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the heavy metal removing carbon rod according to any one of claims 7 or 8, wherein the activated carbon powder, the adhesive and the heavy metal removing additive are respectively weighed in parts by weight, then the activated carbon powder and the heavy metal removing additive are premixed, then the adhesive is added for mixing, extrusion molding and cutting are carried out, and the heavy metal removing carbon rod is obtained.
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