CN115638431B - Flue gas waste heat recovery structure and method applied to biomass boiler - Google Patents
Flue gas waste heat recovery structure and method applied to biomass boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN115638431B CN115638431B CN202211232671.1A CN202211232671A CN115638431B CN 115638431 B CN115638431 B CN 115638431B CN 202211232671 A CN202211232671 A CN 202211232671A CN 115638431 B CN115638431 B CN 115638431B
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
The invention discloses a flue gas waste heat recovery structure applied to a biomass boiler and a method thereof, belonging to the technical field of flue gas waste heat recovery, and comprising an outer shell, a biological boiler main body and a hopper, wherein an inner shell is arranged in the middle part in the outer shell, the top end of the inner shell extends out of the outer shell, the bottom end of the inner shell is communicated with the inside of the outer shell, an air preheating mechanism is arranged between the inside of the inner shell and the air inlet end of the biological boiler main body, and a spiral slideway is connected between the inner wall of the outer shell and the outer wall of the inner shell in a sliding manner in the up-down direction; the invention can preheat the air to be introduced into the biological boiler body by absorbing the heat of the flue gas discharged by the biological boiler body through the air preheating mechanism, and can dry the granular biological fuel by utilizing the residual heat after the flue gas preheats the air, thereby avoiding the heat from being absorbed by the evaporation of the water in the fuel when the fuel is combusted, further improving the fuel combustion efficiency and simultaneously improving the utilization rate of the residual heat of the flue gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas waste heat recovery, in particular to a flue gas waste heat recovery structure and a flue gas waste heat recovery method applied to a biomass boiler.
Background
The biomass boiler is a boiler using particles processed by crop straws as fuel, the smoke exhausted after the current biomass boiler burns is about 150 ℃, the dust is removed by a dust remover after the smoke is exhausted, and the waste heat is recovered by an economizer or an air preheater, wherein the air preheater realizes waste heat recovery by exchanging heat between the smoke and the air to be introduced into the boiler.
However, the flue gas still remains the high temperature of 80 degrees to 90 degrees after passing through air heater and air heat transfer, and current biomass boiler does not carry out one step to the heat that remains after the flue gas heat transfer in most, and at present, in south district, biomass boiler's biofuel keeps dry because air is moist, contains great moisture, and these moisture can absorb a certain amount of heat when fuel burns to biomass boiler's combustion efficiency has been reduced.
Based on the above, the invention designs a flue gas waste heat recovery structure and a method thereof applied to a biomass boiler so as to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flue gas waste heat recovery structure and a flue gas waste heat recovery method for a biomass boiler, so as to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a be applied to biomass boiler's flue gas waste heat recovery structure, including shell, biological boiler main part and hopper, the middle part is equipped with the inner shell in the shell, the inner shell top extends to the shell outside, inner shell bottom and the inside intercommunication of shell, be equipped with air preheating mechanism between the inner shell inside and the air inlet end of biological boiler main part, sliding connection has the spiral slide in the upper and lower direction between shell inner wall and the inner shell outer wall, the bottom plate of spiral slide is densely covered with the air vent, shell roof fixed intercommunication has the inlet pipe directly over the spiral slide upper port, inlet pipe lateral wall and the bottom fixed intercommunication of hopper, the hopper is located the shell top, hopper fixedly connected with is located the motor of inner shell directly over the inner shell, the output shaft of motor runs through the roof and the diapire of inner shell in proper order and extends to the below of shell, be equipped with first closed feeding mechanism between the output shaft of inlet pipe and motor, the fixed intercommunication of shell bottom has horizontal row material pipe, be equipped with second feeding mechanism between the output shaft of row material pipe and the motor output shaft, the one end that row material pipe kept away from the motor feed bin has the inlet pipe fixedly connected with the inlet pipe, the top wall fixedly connected with a storage silo, the top wall fixedly connected with a dust removal pump is equipped with the top wall fixedly connected with a dust catcher, and an air outlet pipe of the air pump is fixedly communicated with a chimney.
As a further scheme of the invention, the first closed feeding mechanism comprises a first piston and a second piston, the first piston and the second piston are respectively positioned at the upper end and the lower end inside the feeding pipe, the first piston and the second piston are both in sliding connection with the inner wall of the feeding pipe, the first piston is fixedly connected with the second piston, a gap between the first piston and the second piston can be aligned with a channel between the hopper and the feeding pipe, the upper end of the first piston is hinged with a first push rod positioned above the feeding pipe, the upper end of the first push rod is rotationally connected with a first eccentric shaft, a rotating shaft of the first eccentric shaft is rotationally connected with the outer wall of the hopper, a rotating shaft of the first eccentric shaft is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear, the first bevel gear is meshed with a second bevel gear, and the second bevel gear is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a motor.
As a further scheme of the invention, the up-down vibration mechanism comprises a wave ring and an inner gear ring, the wave ring is in sliding connection with the outer wall of the inner shell in the up-down direction, the wave ring is positioned above the outer shell, a reset spring positioned outside the inner shell is arranged between the wave ring and the top wall of the outer shell, the wave ring is fixedly connected with a sliding rod, the lower end of the sliding rod extends into the outer shell and is fixedly connected with a spiral slideway, the inner gear ring is positioned above the wave ring and is in rotating connection with the outer wall of the inner shell, the bottom of the inner gear ring is fixedly connected with a lug, the lug can be in touch with a wave structure on the upper side of the wave ring, a transmission mechanism is arranged between the inner gear ring and an output shaft of a motor, and the motor can drive the inner gear ring to rotate through the transmission mechanism.
As a further scheme of the invention, the transmission mechanism comprises a first gear which is positioned above the inner shell and is rotationally connected with the top wall of the inner shell, the first gear is meshed with the inner gear ring, a second gear is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the first gear, a third gear is meshed with the second gear, and the third gear is fixedly connected with the output end of the motor.
As a further scheme of the invention, the second closed feeding mechanism comprises a third piston and a fourth piston, the third piston and the fourth piston are respectively positioned at one end, close to the motor output shaft, of the discharge pipe and one end, far away from the motor output shaft, of the discharge pipe, the third piston and the fourth piston are both in sliding connection with the inner wall of the discharge pipe, the third piston is fixedly connected with the fourth piston, a gap between the third piston and the fourth piston can be aligned with a channel between the shell and the discharge pipe, one end, close to the motor output shaft, of the third piston is hinged with a second push rod positioned outside the discharge pipe, one end, far away from the third piston, of the second push rod is rotationally connected with a second eccentric shaft, and a rotating shaft of the second eccentric shaft is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the motor.
As a further scheme of the invention, the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding pipe, one end of the feeding pipe is fixedly communicated with the lower end of a side wall of the storage bin, which is far away from the discharging pipe, and the other end of the feeding pipe is fixedly communicated with the feeding end of the biological boiler main body, an auger blade is rotatably connected inside the feeding pipe, the auger blade extends to the inner bottom of the storage bin, a rotating shaft of the auger blade extends to the outer wall of the storage bin and is fixedly connected with a third bevel gear, a fourth bevel gear is meshed with the third bevel gear, and the fourth bevel gear is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor.
As a further scheme of the invention, the air preheating mechanism comprises a heat conduction spiral disc, the heat conduction spiral disc is positioned inside the inner shell and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the inner shell, a spiral cavity is arranged inside the heat conduction spiral disc, the top end of the spiral cavity is fixedly communicated with an air inlet pipe, the upper end of the air inlet pipe extends to the outside of the inner shell, the bottom end of the spiral cavity is fixedly communicated with a second heat preservation pipe, one end of the second heat preservation pipe, which is far away from the spiral cavity, extends to the outside of the outer shell and is fixedly communicated with a blower, and the output end of the blower is fixedly communicated with the air inlet end of the biological boiler main body.
The waste heat recovery method applied to the flue gas waste heat recovery structure of the biomass boiler comprises the following steps:
step one: starting a motor to enable the first closed feeding mechanism, the up-down vibration mechanism, the second closed feeding mechanism and the feeding mechanism to start to operate, and starting an air preheating mechanism;
step two: the first closed feeding mechanism conveys the moist fuel in the hopper to the upper port of the spiral slideway in the shell, and can prevent air in the hopper from being sucked into the shell;
step three: the up-down vibration mechanism enables the spiral slideway to vibrate up and down at high frequency, and the fuel slides down to the bottom in the shell along the spiral slideway by the vibration;
step four: the second closed feeding mechanism conveys the fuel at the bottom in the shell into the storage bin, and can prevent air in the storage bin from being sucked into the shell;
step five: the feeding mechanism conveys fuel at the bottom in the storage bin into a combustion cavity in the main body of the biological boiler, the air preheating mechanism conveys air into the main body of the biological boiler, and the main body of the biological boiler ignites the fuel;
step six: the burnt flue gas is firstly dedusted by a bag-type dust remover, then the air to be sucked into the biological boiler main body is preheated by an air preheating mechanism, and then the residual heat is utilized to dry the fuel on the spiral slideway in the shell.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can preheat the air to be introduced into the biological boiler body by absorbing the heat of the flue gas discharged by the biological boiler body through the air preheating mechanism, and can dry the granular biological fuel by utilizing the residual heat after the flue gas is preheated, thereby avoiding the heat from being absorbed by the evaporation of the water in the fuel during the combustion of the fuel, further improving the combustion efficiency of the fuel, and simultaneously improving the utilization rate of the residual heat of the flue gas, and the preheated air can further improve the combustion efficiency of the fuel.
2. According to the invention, the first closed feeding mechanism can convey the fuel in the hopper to the upper port of the spiral slideway, and meanwhile, the air in the hopper can be prevented from being sucked into the shell, and the second closed feeding mechanism can convey the fuel in the shell to the storage bin, and meanwhile, the air in the storage bin can be prevented from being sucked into the shell, so that the tightness between air suction and air exhaust during combustion of the main body of the biological boiler is ensured, and further, the flue gas can directly dry the fuel on the spiral slideway in the shell, and the drying efficiency is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the front side view of the general structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the rear side view of the general structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the housing and its internal mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the feed tube, hopper and internal structure thereof;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the inner housing and its internal structure;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5A;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of B in FIG. 5;
fig. 8 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
In the drawings, the list of components represented by the various numbers is as follows:
1. a housing; 2. a biological boiler body; 3. an inner case; 4. a spiral slideway; 5. a vent hole; 6. a feed pipe; 7. a hopper; 8. a motor; 9. a discharge pipe; 10. a first heat-preserving tube; 11. a bag-type dust collector; 12. an exhaust pipe; 13. an air extracting pump; 14. a chimney; 15. a first piston; 16. a second piston; 17. a first push rod; 18. a first eccentric shaft; 19. a first bevel gear; 20. a second bevel gear; 21. a wave ring; 22. a return spring; 23. a slide bar; 24. an inner gear ring; 25. a bump; 26. a first gear; 27. a second gear; 28. a third gear; 29. a third piston; 30. a fourth piston; 31. a second push rod; 32. a second eccentric shaft; 33. a storage bin; 34. a feeding pipe; 35. auger leaf; 36. a third bevel gear; 37. a fourth bevel gear; 38. a heat conductive spiral plate; 39. a helical cavity; 40. an air inlet pipe; 41. a second insulating tube; 42. a blower.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-8, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a be applied to biomass boiler's flue gas waste heat recovery structure, including shell 1, biological boiler main part 2 and hopper 7, the middle part is equipped with inner shell 3 in the shell 1, inner shell 3 top extends to the shell 1 outside, inner shell 3 bottom and the inside intercommunication of shell 1, be equipped with air preheating mechanism between the air inlet end of inner shell 3 inside and biological boiler main part 2, sliding connection has spiral slide 4 in the upper and lower direction between inner shell 3 outer wall and the inner shell 1 inner wall, spiral slide 4's bottom plate is densely covered with air vent 5, outer shell 1 roof fixed intercommunication has the inlet pipe 6 that is located the upper end of spiral slide 4, inlet pipe 6 lateral wall and the fixed intercommunication of bottom of hopper 7, hopper 7 is located shell 1 top, hopper 7 fixedly connected with be located the motor 8 of inner shell 3 directly over, the output shaft of motor 8 runs through the roof of inner shell 3 and the bottom of shell 1 in proper order and extends to the below of shell 1, be equipped with first feeding mechanism between the output shaft of inlet pipe 6 and motor 8, shell 1 bottom fixed intercommunication has horizontal row material pipe 9, motor output shaft 9 has air vent 5, the bottom of spiral slide 4 is equipped with between the fixed storage hopper 8 and the closed type storage hopper 2, the end of a vibration storage hopper 10 is kept away from between the fixed to be equipped with between the output shaft of motor 8 and the fixed end of a closed type storage silo 3, and the end of a storage hopper 10 is kept away from the fixed end of a storage hopper 10, and a storage hopper 10 is equipped with between the fixed end of the motor output shaft 3 is kept away from the end of the top of the motor 3, the air inlet end of the bag-type dust collector 11 is fixedly communicated with the smoke exhaust pipe of the biological boiler main body 2, the top wall of the shell 1 is fixedly communicated with an exhaust pipe 12, one end, far away from the shell 1, of the exhaust pipe 12 is fixedly communicated with an air pump 13, and the air outlet pipe of the air pump 13 is fixedly communicated with a chimney 14.
When the scheme is put into practical use, the motor 8 is started, the motor 8 drives the output shaft of the motor to rotate, the rotating shaft of the motor 8 enables the first closed feeding mechanism to operate, the first closed feeding mechanism can enable the hopper 7 and the shell 1 not to generate gas flow, and wet granular biological fuel in the hopper 7 can be discharged to the upper port of the spiral slideway 4 through the feed pipe 6; simultaneously, the rotating shaft of the motor 8 enables the spiral slideway 4 to vibrate up and down through the up-down vibration mechanism, and fuel slides down along the vibrating spiral slideway 4 in a spiral track until sliding down to the inner bottom of the shell 1; meanwhile, the flue gas exhausted by the biological boiler main body 2 is discharged into the inner shell 3 (the temperature is about 150 ℃) through the first heat preservation pipe 10 after being dedusted by the bag-type dust remover 11, the flue gas preheats the air which is introduced into the biological boiler main body 2 through the air preheating mechanism and is discharged to the inner bottom of the outer shell 1, and at the moment, the air pump 13 pumps air at the inner top of the outer shell 1 through the air exhaust pipe 12 and discharges the pumped air into the chimney 14; in this way, the flue gas (the temperature is about 80 degrees) at the inner bottom of the outer shell 1 flows to the inner top of the outer shell 1 through the gap between the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 3, and when the flue gas passes through the gap between the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 3, the fuel gradually sliding down on the spiral slideway 4 is dried, and the flue gas (the temperature is about 50 degrees) at the inner top of the outer shell 1 is finally discharged into the chimney 14; meanwhile, the output shaft of the motor 8 drives the second closed feeding mechanism to operate, the second closed feeding mechanism operates to enable the shell 1 and the storage bin 33 not to generate gas flow, and fuel dried at the bottom in the shell 1 can be discharged into the storage bin 33 through the discharge pipe 9, and then the feeding mechanism conveys the fuel into the combustion cavity of the biological boiler main body 2; in this way, the waste heat recovery structure can absorb the heat of the flue gas discharged by the biological boiler main body 2 through the air preheating mechanism to preheat the air to be introduced into the biological boiler main body 2, and can utilize the residual heat after the flue gas is preheated to dry the granular biological fuel, so that the heat is prevented from being absorbed by the evaporation of the water in the fuel during the combustion of the fuel, the fuel combustion efficiency is further improved, the utilization rate of the waste heat of the flue gas is also improved, and the preheated air can further improve the fuel combustion efficiency; the first closed feeding mechanism in the waste heat recovery structure can avoid that air in the hopper 7 is sucked into the shell 1 when fuel in the hopper 7 is conveyed to the upper port of the spiral slideway 4, and the second closed feeding mechanism can avoid that air in the storage bin 33 is sucked into the shell 1 when fuel in the shell 1 is conveyed into the storage bin 33, so that the tightness between air suction and air exhaust during combustion of the biological boiler main body 2 is ensured, and flue gas can directly dry the fuel on the spiral slideway 4 in the shell 1, and the drying efficiency is greatly improved.
As a further scheme of the invention, the first closed feeding mechanism comprises a first piston 15 and a second piston 16, the first piston 15 and the second piston 16 are respectively positioned at the upper end and the lower end inside the feeding pipe 6, the first piston 15 and the second piston 16 are both in sliding connection with the inner wall of the feeding pipe 6, the first piston 15 is fixedly connected with the second piston 16, a gap between the first piston 15 and the second piston 16 can be aligned with a channel between the feeding pipe 6 and the hopper 7, a first push rod 17 positioned above the feeding pipe 6 is hinged at the upper end of the first piston 15, a first eccentric shaft 18 is rotatably connected at the upper end of the first push rod 17, a rotating shaft of the first eccentric shaft 18 is rotatably connected with the outer wall of the feeding pipe 7, a first bevel gear 19 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of the first eccentric shaft 18, a second bevel gear 20 is meshed with the first bevel gear 19, and the second bevel gear 20 is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the motor 8.
When the scheme is put into practical use, the output shaft of the motor 8 drives the second bevel gear 20 to rotate, the second bevel gear 20 drives the first bevel gear 19 to rotate, the first bevel gear 19 drives the first eccentric shaft 18 to rotate, and the first eccentric shaft 18 drives the first piston 15 and the second piston 16 to slide up and down in a reciprocating manner along the inner wall of the feeding pipe 6 through the first push rod 17; when the first piston 15 slides up to the highest point, the bottom of the first piston 15 and the top of the second piston 16 are respectively higher and lower than the channel between the hopper 7 and the feeding pipe 6, and when the first piston 15 does not block the channel between the hopper 7 and the feeding pipe 6, the fuel in the hopper 7 falls into the gap between the first piston 15 and the second piston 16 through the channel between the hopper 7 and the feeding pipe 6; when the first piston 15 slides down to half, the channel between the hopper 7 and the feeding pipe 6 is just blocked, and the second piston 16 is just separated from the lower port of the feeding pipe 6; the first piston 15 can always block the channel between the hopper 7 and the feeding pipe 6 in the process of starting to block the channel between the hopper 7 and the feeding pipe 6 and continuing to slide downwards to the lowest point, and the fuel between the first piston 15 and the second piston 16 can lead the fuel between the first piston 15 and the second piston 16 to fall to the upper port of the spiral slideway 4 in the process of separating the lower port of the feeding pipe 6 from the lower port of the feeding pipe 6 to the lower port of the feeding pipe 6 again by the second piston 16, so that the first closed feeding mechanism can lead the hopper 7 and the shell 1 not to generate gas flow and can discharge the wet granular biological fuel in the hopper 7 to the upper port of the spiral slideway 4 through the feeding pipe 6.
As a further scheme of the invention, the up-down vibration mechanism comprises a wave ring 21 and an inner gear ring 24, the wave ring 21 is slidably connected with the outer wall of the inner shell 3 in the up-down direction, the wave ring 21 is positioned above the outer shell 1, a return spring 22 positioned outside the inner shell 3 is arranged between the wave ring 21 and the top wall of the outer shell 1, the wave ring 21 is fixedly connected with a slide bar 23, the lower end of the slide bar 23 extends into the outer shell 1 and is fixedly connected with the spiral slideway 4, the inner gear ring 24 is positioned above the wave ring 21 and is rotatably connected with the outer wall of the inner shell 3, a bump 25 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the inner gear ring 24, the bump 25 can touch with a wave structure on the upper side of the wave ring 21, a transmission mechanism is arranged between the inner gear ring 24 and an output shaft of the motor 8, and the motor 8 can drive the inner gear ring 24 to rotate through the transmission mechanism.
When the scheme is put into practical use, the output end of the motor 8 drives the inner gear ring 24 to rotate rapidly through the transmission mechanism, and the lug 25 rotates along with the inner gear ring 24 and pushes down the wavy ring 21 repeatedly through the wavy structure; meanwhile, the reset spring 22 is ventilated and the elasticity thereof repeatedly pushes up the wave ring 21, so that the wave ring 21 vibrates up and down at high frequency, the wave ring 21 drives the spiral slideway 4 to vibrate up and down at high frequency through the slide rod 23, and the fuel on the spiral slideway 4 slides down gradually along the spiral slideway 4 in a spiral track.
As a further scheme of the invention, the transmission mechanism comprises a first gear 26, the first gear 26 is positioned above the inner shell 3 and is rotationally connected with the top wall of the inner shell 3, the first gear 26 is meshed with the inner gear ring 24, a second gear 27 is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the first gear 26, a third gear 28 is meshed with the second gear 27, and the third gear 28 is fixedly connected with the output end of the motor 8.
When the scheme is put into practical use, the output end of the motor 8 drives the third gear 28 to rotate, the third gear 28 drives the second gear 27 to rotate, the second gear 27 drives the first gear 26 to rotate through the rotating shaft of the first gear 26, and the first gear 26 drives the inner gear ring 24 to rotate, so that the spiral slideway 4 vibrates up and down at high frequency.
As a further scheme of the invention, the second closed feeding mechanism comprises a third piston 29 and a fourth piston 30, the third piston 29 and the fourth piston 30 are respectively positioned at one end, close to the output shaft of the motor 8, of the discharge pipe 9 and one end, far away from the output shaft of the motor 8, of the third piston 29 and the fourth piston 30 are both in sliding connection with the inner wall of the discharge pipe 9, the third piston 29 is fixedly connected with the fourth piston 30, a gap between the third piston 29 and the fourth piston 30 can be aligned with a channel between the shell 1 and the discharge pipe 9, one end, close to the output shaft of the motor 8, of the third piston 29 is hinged with a second push rod 31 positioned outside the discharge pipe 9, one end, far away from the third piston 29, of the second push rod 31 is rotatably connected with a second eccentric shaft 32, and a rotating shaft of the second eccentric shaft 32 is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the motor 8.
When the scheme is put into practical use, the output shaft of the motor 8 drives the second eccentric shaft 32 to rotate, the second eccentric shaft 32 drives the third piston 29 and the fourth piston 30 to slide left and right along the inner wall of the discharge pipe 9 through the second push rod 31, and the third piston 29 and the fourth piston 30 which slide left and right in a reciprocating manner can enable the shell 1 and the storage bin 33 not to generate gas flow and can discharge fuel dried in the bottom of the shell 1 into the storage bin 33 through the discharge pipe 9 in the same way as the first closed type feeding mechanism.
As a further scheme of the invention, the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding pipe 34, one end of the feeding pipe 34 is fixedly communicated with the lower end of a side wall of the storage bin 33 far away from the discharge pipe 9, the other end of the feeding pipe is fixedly communicated with the feeding end of the biological boiler main body 2, an auger blade 35 is rotatably connected inside the feeding pipe 34, the auger blade 35 extends to the inner bottom of the storage bin 33, a rotating shaft of the auger blade 35 extends to the outer wall of the storage bin 33 and is fixedly connected with a third bevel gear 36, the third bevel gear 36 is meshed with a fourth bevel gear 37, and the fourth bevel gear 37 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor 8.
When the scheme is put into practical use, the output shaft of the motor 8 drives the fourth bevel gear 37 to rotate, the fourth bevel gear 37 drives the third bevel gear 36 to rotate, the third bevel gear 36 drives the auger blade 35 to rotate through the rotating shaft of the auger blade 35, and the rotating auger blade 35 uniformly conveys fuel at the bottom in the storage bin 33 into the combustion cavity in the biological boiler main body 2 along the feeding pipe 34.
As a further scheme of the invention, the air preheating mechanism comprises a heat conduction spiral disc 38, the heat conduction spiral disc 38 is located inside the inner shell 3 and is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the inner shell 3, a spiral cavity 39 is formed inside the heat conduction spiral disc 38, the top end of the spiral cavity 39 is fixedly communicated with an air inlet pipe 40, the upper end of the air inlet pipe 40 extends to the outside of the inner shell 3, the bottom end of the spiral cavity 39 is fixedly communicated with a second heat preservation pipe 41, one end of the second heat preservation pipe 41, which is far away from the spiral cavity 39, extends to the outside of the outer shell 1 and is fixedly communicated with a blower 42, and the output end of the blower 42 is fixedly communicated with the air inlet end of the biological boiler main body 2.
When the scheme is put into practical use, the blower 42 is started, and external air sequentially passes through the air inlet pipe 40, the spiral cavity 39, the second heat preservation pipe 41 and the blower 42 and finally enters the biological boiler main body 2; meanwhile, the flue gas (the temperature is about 150 degrees) at the inner top of the inner shell 3 flows downwards to the inner bottom of the outer shell 1 along the gap of the third gear 28, and heats the air flowing in the spiral cavity 39, and the heated air is finally discharged into the biological boiler main body 2, so that the aim of preheating the air is fulfilled.
The waste heat recovery method applied to the flue gas waste heat recovery structure of the biomass boiler comprises the following steps:
step one: starting a motor 8 to enable the first closed feeding mechanism, the up-down vibration mechanism, the second closed feeding mechanism and the feeding mechanism to start to operate, and starting an air preheating mechanism;
step two: the first closed feeding mechanism conveys the moist fuel in the hopper 7 to the upper port of the spiral slideway 4 in the shell 1, and can prevent the air in the hopper 7 from being sucked into the shell 1;
step three: the up-and-down vibration mechanism enables the spiral slideway 4 to vibrate up and down at high frequency, and the vibration enables the fuel to slide down to the inner bottom of the shell 1 along the spiral slideway 4;
step four: the second closed feeding mechanism conveys the fuel at the bottom in the shell 1 into the storage bin 33, and can prevent air in the storage bin 33 from being sucked into the shell 1;
step five: the feeding mechanism conveys the fuel at the bottom in the storage bin 33 into the combustion cavity in the biological boiler main body 2, the air preheating mechanism conveys air into the biological boiler main body 2, and the biological boiler main body 2 ignites the fuel;
step six: the burnt flue gas firstly removes dust through the bag-type dust remover 11, then the air to be sucked into the biological boiler main body 2 is preheated through the air preheating mechanism, and then the residual heat is utilized to dry the fuel on the spiral slideway 4 in the shell 1.
Working principle: starting a motor 8, wherein the motor 8 drives an output shaft of the motor to rotate, and a rotating shaft of the motor 8 enables a first closed feeding mechanism to operate, so that the first closed feeding mechanism can prevent gas flow between a hopper 7 and a shell 1 and can discharge wet granular biological fuel in the hopper 7 to an upper port of a spiral slideway 4 through a feed pipe 6; simultaneously, the rotating shaft of the motor 8 enables the spiral slideway 4 to vibrate up and down through the up-down vibration mechanism, and fuel slides down along the vibrating spiral slideway 4 in a spiral track until sliding down to the inner bottom of the shell 1; meanwhile, the flue gas exhausted by the biological boiler main body 2 is discharged into the inner shell 3 (the temperature is about 150 ℃) through the first heat preservation pipe 10 after being dedusted by the bag-type dust remover 11, the flue gas preheats the air which is introduced into the biological boiler main body 2 through the air preheating mechanism and is discharged to the inner bottom of the outer shell 1, and at the moment, the air pump 13 pumps air at the inner top of the outer shell 1 through the air exhaust pipe 12 and discharges the pumped air into the chimney 14; in this way, the flue gas (the temperature is about 80 degrees) at the inner bottom of the outer shell 1 flows to the inner top of the outer shell 1 through the gap between the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 3, and when the flue gas passes through the gap between the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 3, the fuel gradually sliding down on the spiral slideway 4 is dried, and the flue gas (the temperature is about 50 degrees) at the inner top of the outer shell 1 is finally discharged into the chimney 14; meanwhile, the output shaft of the motor 8 drives the second closed feeding mechanism to operate, the second closed feeding mechanism operates to enable the shell 1 and the storage bin 33 not to generate gas flow, and fuel dried at the bottom in the shell 1 can be discharged into the storage bin 33 through the discharge pipe 9, and then the feeding mechanism conveys the fuel into the combustion cavity of the biological boiler main body 2; in this way, the waste heat recovery structure can absorb the heat of the flue gas discharged by the biological boiler main body 2 through the air preheating mechanism to preheat the air to be introduced into the biological boiler main body 2, and can utilize the residual heat after the flue gas is preheated to dry the granular biological fuel, so that the heat is prevented from being absorbed by the evaporation of the water in the fuel during the combustion of the fuel, the fuel combustion efficiency is further improved, the utilization rate of the waste heat of the flue gas is also improved, and the preheated air can further improve the fuel combustion efficiency; the first closed feeding mechanism in the structure can avoid that the air in the hopper 7 is sucked into the shell 1 when the fuel in the hopper 7 is conveyed to the upper port of the spiral slideway 4, and the second closed feeding mechanism can avoid that the air in the storage bin 33 is sucked into the shell 1 when the fuel in the shell 1 is conveyed into the storage bin 33, so that the tightness between air suction and air exhaust during combustion of the biological boiler main body 2 is ensured, and flue gas can directly dry the fuel on the spiral slideway 4 in the shell 1, and the drying efficiency is greatly improved.
Claims (7)
1. Be applied to biomass boiler's flue gas waste heat recovery structure, its characterized in that: including shell (1), biological boiler main part (2) and hopper (7), middle part is equipped with inner shell (3) in shell (1), inner shell (3) top extends to shell (1) outside, inner shell (3) bottom and shell (1) inside intercommunication, be equipped with air preheating mechanism between the inlet end of inner shell (3) inside and biological boiler main part (2), sliding connection has spiral slide (4) in upper and lower direction between inner shell (1) inner wall and inner shell (3) outer wall, the bottom plate of spiral slide (4) is densely covered with air vent (5), shell (1) roof fixed intercommunication has inlet pipe (6) directly over the top port of spiral slide (4), inlet pipe (6) lateral wall and the bottom fixed intercommunication of hopper (7), hopper (7) are located shell (1) top, motor (8) that are located shell (3) top wall and shell (1) motor's diapire and the extension of motor (1) of motor (8) are run through in proper order between shell (1) and shell (6) bottom end fixed feed pipe (6) is equipped with one and is equipped with between feed mechanism (9), a second closed feeding mechanism is arranged between one end of the discharge pipe (9) close to an output shaft of the motor (8) and the output shaft of the motor (8), one end of the discharge pipe (9) far away from the output shaft of the motor (8) is fixedly communicated with a storage bin (33), a feeding mechanism is arranged between the bottom of the storage bin (33) and a feeding end of the biological boiler main body (2), an up-down vibration mechanism is arranged between the spiral slideway (4) and the output shaft of the motor (8), a first heat preservation pipe (10) is fixedly communicated with the top wall of the inner shell (3), one end of the first heat preservation pipe (10) far away from the inner shell (3) is fixedly communicated with a bag dust collector (11), the air inlet end of the bag dust collector (11) is fixedly communicated with the smoke discharge pipe of the biological boiler main body (2), the top wall of the outer shell (1) is fixedly communicated with an exhaust pipe (12), one end of the exhaust pipe (12) far away from the outer shell (1) is fixedly communicated with a pump (13), and the air outlet pipe of the pump (13) is fixedly communicated with a chimney (14);
the vertical vibration mechanism comprises a wave ring (21) and an inner gear ring (24), the wave ring (21) is in sliding connection with the outer wall of the inner shell (3) in the vertical direction, the wave ring (21) is located above the outer shell (1), a reset spring (22) located outside the inner shell (3) is arranged between the wave ring (21) and the top wall of the outer shell (1), the wave ring (21) is fixedly connected with a sliding rod (23), the lower end of the sliding rod (23) extends into the outer shell (1) and is fixedly connected with a spiral slideway (4), the inner gear ring (24) is located above the wave ring (21) and is in rotating connection with the outer wall of the inner shell (3), a lug (25) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the inner gear ring (24), the lug (25) can be in contact with a wave structure on the upper side of the wave ring (21), a transmission mechanism is arranged between the inner gear ring (24) and an output shaft of a motor (8), and the motor (8) can drive an inner gear ring (24) to rotate through the transmission mechanism.
2. The flue gas waste heat recovery structure applied to a biomass boiler according to claim 1, wherein: the first closed feeding mechanism comprises a first piston (15) and a second piston (16), the first piston (15) and the second piston (16) are respectively located at the upper end and the lower end inside the feeding pipe (6), the first piston (15) and the second piston (16) are both in sliding connection with the inner wall of the feeding pipe (6), the first piston (15) and the second piston (16) are fixedly connected, a gap between the first piston (15) and the second piston (16) can be aligned with a channel between the hopper (7) and the feeding pipe (6), a first push rod (17) located above the feeding pipe (6) is hinged to the upper end of the first piston (15), a first eccentric shaft (18) is connected to the upper end of the first push rod in a rotating mode, a rotating shaft of the first eccentric shaft (18) is connected with the outer wall of the hopper (7) in a rotating mode, a rotating shaft of the first bevel gear (19) is fixedly connected with, a second bevel gear (20) is meshed with the first bevel gear (19), and the second bevel gear (20) is fixedly connected with the output shaft (8).
3. The flue gas waste heat recovery structure applied to a biomass boiler according to claim 1, wherein: the transmission mechanism comprises a first gear (26), the first gear (26) is located above the inner shell (3) and is rotationally connected with the top wall of the inner shell (3), the first gear (26) is meshed with the inner gear ring (24), a second gear (27) is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the first gear (26), a third gear (28) is meshed with the second gear (27), and the third gear (28) is fixedly connected with the output end of the motor (8).
4. The flue gas waste heat recovery structure applied to a biomass boiler according to claim 1, wherein: the second closed feeding mechanism comprises a third piston (29) and a fourth piston (30), the third piston (29) and the fourth piston (30) are respectively located at one end, close to an output shaft of the motor (8), of the discharge pipe (9) and one end, far away from the output shaft of the motor (8), of the third piston (29) and the fourth piston (30) are both in sliding connection with the inner wall of the discharge pipe (9), the third piston (29) is fixedly connected with the fourth piston (30), gaps between the third piston (29) and the fourth piston (30) can be aligned with a channel between the shell (1) and the discharge pipe (9), a second push rod (31) located at the outer portion of the discharge pipe (9) is hinged at one end, close to the output shaft of the motor (8), of the second push rod (31) is rotatably connected with a second eccentric shaft (32), and the rotating shaft of the second eccentric shaft (32) is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the motor (8).
5. The flue gas waste heat recovery structure applied to a biomass boiler according to claim 1, wherein: the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding pipe (34), one end of the feeding pipe (34) is fixedly communicated with the lower end of a side wall of a storage bin (33) away from a discharging pipe (9), the other end of the feeding pipe is fixedly communicated with the feeding end of a biological boiler main body (2), an auger blade (35) is rotatably connected inside the feeding pipe (34), the auger blade (35) extends to the inner bottom of the storage bin (33), a rotating shaft of the auger blade (35) extends to the outer wall of the storage bin (33) and is fixedly connected with a third bevel gear (36), a fourth bevel gear (37) is meshed with the third bevel gear (36), and the fourth bevel gear (37) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a motor (8).
6. The flue gas waste heat recovery structure applied to a biomass boiler according to claim 1, wherein: the air preheating mechanism comprises a heat conduction spiral disc (38), the heat conduction spiral disc (38) is located inside the inner shell (3) and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the inner shell (3), a spiral cavity (39) is formed inside the heat conduction spiral disc (38), an air inlet pipe (40) is fixedly communicated with the top end of the spiral cavity (39), the upper end of the air inlet pipe (40) extends to the outside of the inner shell (3), a second heat preservation pipe (41) is fixedly communicated with the bottom end of the spiral cavity (39), one end of the second heat preservation pipe (41) away from the spiral cavity (39) extends to the outside of the outer shell (1) and is fixedly communicated with a blower (42), and the output end of the blower (42) is fixedly communicated with the air inlet end of the biological boiler main body (2).
7. The waste heat recovery method applied to the waste heat recovery structure of flue gas of a biomass boiler, which is applicable to the waste heat recovery structure of flue gas of a biomass boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 6, is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
step one: starting a motor (8) to enable the first closed feeding mechanism, the up-down vibration mechanism, the second closed feeding mechanism and the feeding mechanism to start to operate, and starting an air preheating mechanism;
step two: the first closed feeding mechanism conveys the moist fuel in the hopper (7) to the upper port of the spiral slideway (4) in the shell (1), and can prevent the air in the hopper (7) from being sucked into the shell (1);
step three: the up-down vibration mechanism enables the spiral slideway (4) to vibrate up and down at high frequency, and the fuel slides down to the inner bottom of the shell (1) along the spiral slideway (4) by the vibration;
step four: the second closed feeding mechanism conveys fuel at the bottom in the shell (1) into the storage bin (33), and can prevent air in the storage bin (33) from being sucked into the shell (1);
step five: the feeding mechanism conveys fuel at the inner bottom of the storage bin (33) into the combustion cavity of the biological boiler main body (2), the air preheating mechanism conveys air into the biological boiler main body (2), and the biological boiler main body (2) ignites the fuel;
step six: the burnt flue gas firstly removes dust through a bag-type dust remover (11), then the air to be sucked into the biological boiler main body (2) is preheated through an air preheating mechanism, and then the residual heat is utilized to dry the fuel on the spiral slideway (4) in the shell (1).
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| CN201819190U (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2011-05-04 | 华南理工大学 | Energy saving and emission reduction biomass boiler system |
| JP5841520B2 (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2016-01-13 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Heat recovery system in steel plant |
| CN203836999U (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-09-17 | 孟州市掌柜食品有限公司 | Heating device based on boiler flue |
| CN203784910U (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-08-20 | 安徽理工大学 | Energy-saving biomass boiler |
| KR101726047B1 (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2017-04-27 | 주식회사 포스코 | Combustor |
| CN205640927U (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-10-12 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Small -size living beings direct combustion formula hot -blast furnace |
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Denomination of invention: Structure and method of flue gas waste heat recovery applied to biomass boilers Effective date of registration: 20231214 Granted publication date: 20230602 Pledgee: Bank of China Limited Zhejiang Yangtze River Delta integration demonstration zone sub branch Pledgor: Jiashan Dongdu Energy Saving Technology Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980071244 |