CN115635263B - Preparation method of oversized metal ring based on radial sleeve assembly - Google Patents
Preparation method of oversized metal ring based on radial sleeve assembly Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an oversized metal ring based on radial sleeve assembly, which relates to the technical field of metal processing and comprises the following steps: step one, preparing a ring unit: preparing a plurality of groups of ring units which are subjected to plastic processing and machining, wherein the ring units among different groups have different inner diameters and outer diameters, the thickness of the ring units is less than or equal to 200mm, the heights of the ring units of all groups are equal, and the ring units of all groups are sequentially recorded as 1,2,3, … and M according to the order from the outer diameter to the large; step two, heating each group of ring units according to the diameter from small to large, then carrying out interference fit, and then carrying out electron beam seal welding on the upper end and the lower end of the adjacent ring units to obtain a ring preform; and thirdly, ring rolling is carried out on the ring piece preform to obtain the metal ring piece. The invention can also provide annular blanks for oversized metal cylinders.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal processing, in particular to a preparation method of an oversized metal ring based on radial sleeve assembly.
Background
The requirements of the fields of marine equipment, nuclear power and the like on ultra-large-specification metal ring pieces and cylinder bodies such as titanium alloy, nickel alloy, alloy steel and the like are more and more urgent. But is limited by smelting equipment, the metallurgical quality of the cast ingot and other factors, the ingot of the high-quality alloy cast ingot is limited, and a single cast ingot can not meet the preparation requirement of an oversized ring piece or cylinder. For example, currently, the vacuum consumable arc furnace for smelting titanium alloy in China is usually 5-10 t grade, and the maximum 17t vacuum consumable arc furnace is only 1. When titanium alloy containing easily segregated elements is smelted, the single weight of the cast ingot is smaller and is only 3-8 t. The traditional method for preparing the large-size cylinder body is to roll-weld the plates, so that a plurality of plates are needed to be spliced and welded, a large number of longitudinal welds, circumferential welds and cross welds exist, the reliability of bearing the cylindrical member is greatly reduced, and the welding workload is increased.
The patent CN107626880A 'manufacturing process of large annular forgings' is constructed by multi-layer lamination of prefabricated blanks, electron beam seal welding is carried out, and finally upsetting, punching, reaming and ring rolling are carried out. Although this approach breaks through the limitation of single cast ingot singleton, the following disadvantages exist: 1) The pressing time is short during forge welding compounding, the interface deformation is small, effective welding among a plurality of module interfaces is difficult to ensure, and the interface combination quality is low; 2) The area of the blank is large, the electron beam seal welding depth is only 20-50 mm, the blank cannot be covered by the upper anvil of the press in the forging process, and the welding seam is easily torn due to local deformation in the forging process; 3) The thermal diffusion process after forge welding compounding is not pressurized, and the areas which are not tightly combined during forge welding still cannot be well metallurgically combined; 4) The blank constructed by the multi-layer lamination reaches tens tons to hundreds tons, the integral forging has high requirements on equipment, the integral forging and punching of the oversized blank have high difficulty in ring blank manufacture, and the material utilization rate is low.
The patent CN109439936B 'preparation method of medium-strength high-toughness titanium alloy ultra-large-size ring piece' adopts a titanium alloy cast ingot of 8-10 t obtained by smelting in a vacuum consumable arc furnace, and prepares the ring piece with the outer diameter larger than 3000mm and the height of 1500-2000 mm through forging, punching and reaming ring rolling. The method has the problems that the single weight of the ring piece is limited by the single weight of the cast ingot which can be prepared by the vacuum consumable smelting furnace, and the height of the ring piece is low. According to calculation, if an oversized ring piece with the diameter of 10m and the wall thickness of 100mm is prepared by using an 8-10 t titanium alloy cast ingot, the height of the oversized ring piece is 450-570 mm under the condition that the yield is 80%; when the yield is 65%, the height is only 370-460 mm. The resulting dramatic increase in welding effort and reduced safety is unacceptable for large marine installations.
Patent CN113953429A 'a preparation method of an oversized titanium alloy ring member', an oversized blank is obtained through axial lamination, vacuum seal welding and hot isostatic pressing, then upsetting and punching are carried out to obtain a ring blank with a required specification, and finally hot rolling forming is carried out to obtain the oversized titanium alloy ring member with target size and performance. The method solves the preparation of 20 t-level large-specification titanium alloy blanks through hot isostatic pressing. However, this technique has problems in that: 1) The metal ring with larger specification and the blank and the ring required by the metal ring with larger specification cannot be obtained due to the limitation of the specification of the hot isostatic press; 2) The technology obtains the ring blank with the required specification through upsetting and punching of the whole solid blank, the blank is large in single weight, large forging equipment is needed in the forging process, the forging difficulty of the blank is large in single weight, and homogenization of the blank structure is difficult to realize; 3) The solid blank is difficult to punch in the punching process, the inner wall of the blank can be seriously torn in the punching process, and the material loss is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of an oversized metal ring based on radial sleeving assembly, which solves the problems existing in the prior art, can obtain the oversized metal ring, and has the advantages of excellent quality of an internal bonding interface of the metal ring, high material utilization rate and low equipment requirement.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention provides a preparation method of an oversized metal ring based on radial sleeve assembly, which comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a ring unit: preparing a plurality of groups of ring units which are subjected to plastic processing and machining, wherein the ring units among different groups have different inner diameters and outer diameters, the thickness of each group of ring units is less than or equal to 200mm, the heights of each group of ring units are equal, and the ring units of each group of ring units are sequentially recorded as 1,2,3, … and M according to the order from the outer diameter to the large;
step two, heating each group of ring units according to the diameter from small to large, then carrying out interference fit, and then carrying out electron beam seal welding on the upper end and the lower end of the adjacent ring units to obtain a ring preform;
and thirdly, ring rolling is carried out on the ring piece preform to obtain the metal ring piece.
Preferably, in the first step, each set of the ring units includes a ring member subjected to plastic working and machined; or each group of ring units comprises at least two ring members with the same inner diameter and outer diameter, the ring members of the same group of ring units are subjected to surface decontamination treatment and then axially laminated to carry out inside and outside double-sided electron beam seal welding so as to ensure that a bonding interface is thoroughly welded, and finally, the laminated and welded ring units of the same group are subjected to machining and surface decontamination treatment.
Preferably, the welding beam current of the electron beam welding is 160-300 mA, and the welding voltage is 60-90 kV.
Preferably, when each set of the ring units includes at least two ring members having the same inner diameter and outer diameter, a weld between the ring members in one of the ring units and a weld between the ring members in an adjacent ring unit cannot be at the same height, and a difference in height is not less than 100mm.
Preferably, in the first step, the materials of the ring members in the same group of ring units are the same or different.
Preferably, in the first step, adjacent ring units are made of the same or different materials.
Preferably, in the first step, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of each set of the ring units satisfy the following relationship: inner diameter d of the ring unit of group 2 2 Is required to be equal to the outer diameter D of the ring unit of the 1 st group 1 -1~D 1 -3, in mm, the inner diameter d of the ring unit of group 3 3 Is required to be equal to the outer diameter D of the ring unit of the group 2 2 -1~D 2 -3, in mm, in successionBy analogy, the inner diameter d of the ring unit of the M group M Is required to be equal to the outer diameter D of the ring unit in the M-1 group M-1 -1~D M-1 -3, units mm.
Preferably, in the second step, the ring unit of the 2 nd group is heated to 150 ℃ to 250 ℃, then sleeved outside the ring unit of the 1 st group through a guiding device, after the ring unit of the 1 st group and the ring unit of the 2 nd group are cooled to room temperature, the heated ring unit of the 3 rd group is sleeved outside the ring unit of the 2 nd group, and the like, so as to complete the sleeving of all the ring units;
in the third step, the ring preform is heated before ring rolling, and before heating, the inner surface and the outer surface of the ring preform are coated with an anti-oxidation coating.
Preferably, when the ring preform is titanium alloy, the first firing temperature is T β +50 to 1150, a heating temperature of T for the rest of the heat β -70~T β +30, wherein the heat preservation time t=1.2T-2.0T, and the unit min are the thickness of the ring preform, and the unit mm;
when the ring piece preform is carbon steel or alloy steel, rolling heating temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, and heat preservation time t=0.8T-1.5T, wherein T is the thickness of the ring piece preform and is in mm;
when the ring piece preform is nickel or nickel alloy, the rolling heating temperature is 1050-1250 ℃, the heat preservation time t=0.8T-1.5T, and the unit is min, wherein T is the thickness of the ring piece preform, and the unit is mm.
Preferably, in the third step, the ring preform is further capable of temperature-variable rolling.
Preferably, in the third step, the ring preform is rolled for 1 to 3 times, the wall thickness reduction rate of the ring preform is 30 to 75% each time, and the total wall thickness reduction rate of the ring preform is 60 to 86%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the ring units are tightly attached through interference fit, primary metallurgical bonding between layers is realized in the heating process, welding seam tearing cannot occur in the ring rolling process, namely, high-quality metallurgical bonding is realized under the combined actions of heating and large-deformation ring rolling (temperature and pressure) of the ring preform;
The safety of the joint surface of the middle ring unit is very high in the service process, so that the joint surface cracking risk existing in forge welding construction molding is avoided;
the method is not limited by the weight of a single ingot and the specification of a hot isostatic pressing furnace, can realize the preparation of the oversized metal ring piece, and is particularly suitable for the conditions that the single ingot is small in quality and the oversized metal ring piece cannot be prepared due to easy segregation and refractory metal elements;
according to smelting equipment of titanium alloy and steel and alloy characteristics (whether the alloy contains easily segregated elements) to produce the ingot casting preparation ring unit with the maximum specification, the number of the prefabricated blanks is reduced, welding seams are reduced, and the reliability of the prefabricated blanks is improved;
compared with the whole blank punching, the ultra-large metal ring piece prepared by the method has the advantages of high material utilization rate and low requirement on equipment processing capacity.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a method of making a metal ring when each ring unit of the present invention includes only one ring structure; wherein, (a) is a preparation schematic diagram of each ring unit, (b) is a radial lamination sleeving schematic diagram of each ring unit in sequence, (c) is a 1-fire ring rolling schematic diagram, and (d) is a 2-fire or multi-fire ring rolling schematic diagram;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a method of making a metal ring when each ring unit of the present invention includes a plurality of ring structures; wherein, (a) is a preparation schematic diagram of each ring member of each ring unit, (b) is a sequential axial lamination schematic diagram of each ring member in each ring unit, (c) is a sequential radial lamination sleeving schematic diagram of each ring unit, (d) is a 1-fire ring rolling schematic diagram, and (e) is a 2-fire or multi-fire ring rolling schematic diagram;
fig. 3 is a diagram of the rolling bonding interface between adjacent ring units.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of an oversized metal ring based on radial sleeving assembly, which solves the problems existing in the prior art, can obtain the oversized metal ring, and has the advantages of excellent quality of an internal bonding interface of the metal ring, high material utilization rate and low equipment requirement.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1-3: the embodiment provides a preparation method of an oversized metal ring based on radial sleeving assembly, wherein the prepared metal ring has the maximum outer diameter of 16000mm, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a ring unit with equal diameter: preparing ring units, wherein the heights of all groups of ring units are the same, and the ring units are sequentially recorded as 1,2,3, … and M according to the order from the outer diameter to the large;
specifically, in the present embodiment, in the first step, each set of ring units includes one ring member; or each group of ring units comprises at least two ring members with the same inner diameter and outer diameter, and each ring member is prepared by plastic processing and machining and can be obtained by casting, forging or ring rolling; the materials of the ring members in the same group of ring units are the same or different, and when each group of ring units comprises one ring member, the materials of the adjacent ring units are the same or different; in this embodiment, the ring member may be made of titanium, titanium alloy, nickel alloy, carbon steel, alloy steel, or other metal materials, i.e. the ultra-large-sized metal ring with the same material or different materials is finally obtained; the inner diameter and the outer diameter of ring members of different ring units are different, the thickness of each ring member is less than or equal to 200mm, the sum of the heights of the ring members in each group of ring units is equal, the inner surface, the outer surface, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of each ring member of the same group of ring units are machined, oxide scales and defects are removed, the machining precision is IT 7-IT 9, the roughness Ra is less than or equal to 3.2 mu m, then the ring units are axially laminated, then vacuum electron beam welding and double-sided welding are carried out, bonding interface penetration is ensured, and finally machining and surface decontamination treatment are carried out on the laminated and welded ring units of the same group to obtain the ring unit with the same diameter;
In the embodiment, in the first step, when preparing each set of ring units, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of each set of ring units after turning satisfy the following relationship: inner diameter d of group 2 ring unit 2 Is required to be equal to the outer diameter D of the 1 st group of ring units 1 -1~D 1 -3, in mm, inner diameter d of the 3 rd set of ring units 3 Is required to be equal to the outer diameter D of the 2 nd ring unit 2 -1~D 2 -3, unit mm, and so on, inner diameter d of the M-th set of ring elements M Is required to be equal to the outer diameter D of the M-1 group ring element unit M-1 -1~D M-1 -3, units mm; the heights of the ring units in each group are equal, and after the processing is finished, the surfaces of the ring members are cleaned by greasy dirt;
in this embodiment, when each set of ring units includes at least two ring members having the same inner diameter and outer diameter, the weld between the ring members in one ring unit and the weld between the ring members in the adjacent ring unit are not at the same height, and the height difference is not less than 100mm, so as to avoid multi-layer overlapping of the weak areas of the weld;
step two, preparing a ring piece preform: heating each ring unit from small to large in diameter, sequentially carrying out interference sleeving from small to large in radial direction, putting the sleeved ring units into an electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing, and carrying out electron beam seal welding on the upper and lower end layers of the adjacent ring units and one circle between the layers to obtain a ring preform;
Specifically, in the second embodiment, the 2 nd ring unit is heated to 150 ℃ to 250 ℃, then sleeved outside the 1 st ring unit through the guiding device, after the 1 st ring unit and the 2 nd ring unit are cooled to room temperature, the heated 3 rd ring unit is sleeved outside the 2 nd ring unit, and the like, so as to complete the sleeving of all ring units;
in the second step, after vacuumizing, the vacuum degree in the welding machine should reach 10 -1 ~10 -2 Pa, the welding depth is 60 mm-120 mm;
step three, preparing an oversized metal ring piece: ring rolling is carried out on the ring piece preform on a large ring rolling machine, so that an oversized metal ring piece is obtained;
specifically, in the third embodiment, the ring preform is rolled for 1 to 3 times, the wall thickness reduction rate of the ring preform is 30 to 75% at each time, and the total wall thickness reduction rate of the ring preform is 60 to 86%.
Heating the ring preform before ring rolling, and coating an anti-oxidation coating on the inner surface and the outer surface of the ring preform before heating; when titanium and titanium alloy are used for the ring preform, the first firing temperature is (T β +50) -1150, a heating temperature per unit DEG C, the heating temperature of the remaining heat is (T) β -70）~（T β +30), in units of degrees Celsius, where T β Represents the beta transus temperature of the titanium alloy; the heat preservation time t=1.2T-2.0T, wherein T is the thickness of the ring preform and is in mm;
when the ring piece preform is made of carbon steel or alloy steel, the rolling heating temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, the heat preservation time t=0.8T-1.5T, and the unit min is that the thickness of the ring piece preform is in mm;
when the ring piece preform is made of nickel or nickel alloy, the rolling heating temperature is 1050-1250 ℃, the heat preservation time t=0.8T-1.5T, and the unit min, wherein T is the thickness of the ring piece preform, and the unit mm;
in the third embodiment, the ring preform may be subjected to variable-temperature rolling, that is, after the first-fire ring rolling, the ring is stopped for a period of time on line, and when the temperature is reduced to the second-fire heating temperature, the ring rolling is continued.
Application example one: TA31 titanium alloy ring materials with the diameter of 13000mm multiplied by the diameter of 12800mm multiplied by 3830mm (the outer diameter multiplied by the inner diameter multiplied by the height) are prepared, and the weight reaches 69.8 tons.
6 TA31 titanium alloy ring units are prepared, and the inner and outer surfaces and the upper and lower end surfaces of the 6 ring units are polished. The 1 st piece of specification is phi 3000mm phi 2800mm x 3000mm (outer diameter x 0 inner diameter x 1 height), the 2 nd piece of specification is phi 3180mm x 2 phi 2998mm x 33000mm (outer diameter x 4 inner diameter x 5 height), the 3 rd piece of specification is phi 3340mm x 6 phi 3178mm x 73000mm (outer diameter x 8 inner diameter x 9 height), the 4 th piece of specification is phi 3500mm x phi 3338mm x 03000mm (outer diameter x 1 inner diameter x 2 height), the 5 th piece of specification is phi 3660mm x 3 phi 3498mm x 3000mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height), and the 6 th piece of specification is phi 3800mm x 3658mm x 3000mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height). And (5) cleaning the surface to be bonded by using acetone and alcohol after the processing is finished. Placing the 1 st ring unit on a steel tray of a trolley of an electron beam welding machine; heating the 2 nd ring unit to 200 ℃, sleeving the 2 nd ring unit outside the 1 st ring unit through a guiding device, cooling the 1 st ring unit and the 2 nd ring unit to room temperature, sleeving the heated 3 rd ring unit outside the 2 nd ring unit, and the like, so as to complete the sleeving of all the ring units. Then placing the sleeved ring units into an electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing, and keeping the vacuum degree to 10 -2 And (3) during Pa, respectively performing electron beam seal welding on the upper end and the lower end of each adjacent ring unit at a circumference, wherein the welding beam current is 280mA, the welding voltage is 80kV, and the welding depth is 110mm, so as to obtain a ring preform with the diameter of phi 3800mm multiplied by phi 2800mm multiplied by 3000mm (the outer diameter multiplied by the inner diameter multiplied by the height). Rolling the ring preform by two fires, wherein the first fire heating temperature is 1150 ℃, the heat is preserved for 1000 minutes, and the ring preform is rolled to phi 6500mm multiplied by phi 6000mm multiplied by 3150mm (outer diameter multiplied by inner diameter multiplied by height) after being discharged from a furnace; the second fire heating temperature is T β Heat-insulating for 300min at +30deg.C, rolling to 13000mm, 12800mm, 3830mm (external diameter, internal diameter, high)Degree). The specific principle schematic diagram is shown in figure 1.
Application example II: TC4ELI titanium alloy ring materials with phi 15000mm, phi 14800mm, X4100 mm (outer diameter, inner diameter and height) are prepared, and the weight reaches 86.4 tons.
7 TC4ELI titanium alloy ring units are prepared, and the inner and outer surfaces and the upper and lower end surfaces of the 7 ring units are polished. The 1 st piece of specification is phi 3000mm x phi 2800mm x 2000mm (outer diameter x 0 inner diameter x 1 height), the 2 nd piece of specification is phi 3190mm x 2 phi 2997mm x 33000mm (outer diameter x 4 inner diameter x 5 height), the 3 rd piece of specification is phi 3370mm x 6 phi 3187mm x 73000mm (outer diameter x 8 inner diameter x 9 height), the 4 th piece of specification is phi 3540mm x phi 3367mm x 03000mm (outer diameter x 1 inner diameter x 2 height), the 5 th piece of specification is phi 3700mm x 3 phi 3537mm x 43000mm (outer diameter x 5 inner diameter x 6 height), the 6 th piece of specification is phi 3860mm x 7 phi 3697mm x 3000mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height), and the 7 th piece of specification is phi 4000mm x 3857mm x 3000mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height). And (5) cleaning the surface to be bonded by using acetone and alcohol after the processing is finished. Placing the 1 st ring unit on a steel tray of a trolley of an electron beam welding machine; and heating the 2 nd ring unit to 250 ℃, sleeving the 2 nd ring unit outside the 1 st ring unit through a guide device, cooling the 1 st ring unit and the 2 nd ring unit to room temperature, sleeving the heated 3 rd ring unit outside the 2 nd ring unit, and the like, so as to complete the sleeving of all the ring units. Then placing the sleeved ring units into an electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing, and keeping the vacuum degree to 10 -2 And (3) during Pa, respectively performing electron beam seal welding on the upper end and the lower end of the adjacent ring piece at a circumference, wherein the welding beam current is 300mA, the welding voltage is 90kV, and the welding depth is 120mm, so as to obtain a ring piece preform with phi 4000mm multiplied by phi 2800mm multiplied by 3000mm (outer diameter multiplied by inner diameter multiplied by height). Rolling the ring preform with one fire, namely, rolling the preform to phi 6200mm multiplied by phi 5540mm multiplied by 3160mm after the preform is heated to 1050 ℃ and kept for 1080 min; on-line stagnation, when the temperature is reduced to T β Rolling to phi 15000mm x phi 14800mm x 4100mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height) at-50 ℃. The specific principle schematic diagram is shown in figure 1.
Application example III: TC21 titanium alloy ring materials with the diameter of phi 8000mm multiplied by phi 7840mm multiplied by 2850mm (the outer diameter multiplied by the inner diameter multiplied by the height) are prepared, and the weight reaches 25.5 tons.
6 TC21 titanium alloy ring units are prepared, and the inner and outer surfaces and the upper and lower end surfaces of the 6 ring units are polished. The 1 st piece of specification is phi 2000mm x 1800mm x 1500mm (outer diameter x 0 inner diameter x 1 height), the 2 nd piece of specification is phi 2190mm x 2 phi 1999mm x 31500mm (outer diameter x 4 inner diameter x 5 height), the 3 rd piece of specification is phi 2370mm x 6 phi 2189mm x 71500mm (outer diameter x 8 inner diameter x 9 height), the 4 th piece of specification is phi 2540mm x 2369mm x 01500mm (outer diameter x 1 inner diameter x 2 height), the 5 th piece of specification is phi 2700mm x 3 phi 2539mm x 1500mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height), and the 6 th piece of specification is phi 2840mm x 2699mm x 1500mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height). And (5) cleaning the surface to be bonded by using acetone and alcohol after the processing is finished. Placing the 1 st ring unit on a steel tray of a trolley of an electron beam welding machine; heating the 2 nd ring unit to 150 ℃, sleeving the 2 nd ring unit outside the 1 st ring unit through a guiding device, cooling the 1 st ring unit and the 2 nd ring unit to room temperature, sleeving the heated 3 rd ring unit outside the 2 nd ring unit, and the like, so as to complete the sleeving of all the ring units. Then placing the sleeved ring units into an electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing, and keeping the vacuum degree to 10 -2 And (3) during Pa, respectively performing electron beam seal welding on the peripheral contact surfaces of the upper end and the lower end of the adjacent ring pieces, wherein the welding beam current is 280mA, the welding voltage is 80kV, and the welding depth is 110mm, so as to obtain a ring piece preform with phi 2840mm multiplied by phi 1800mm multiplied by 1500mm (outer diameter multiplied by inner diameter multiplied by height). The ring piece preform is rolled by three fires, wherein the first fire heating temperature is T β Heat-preserving for 800min at +50 ℃, and rolling to phi 4000mm multiplied by phi 3440mm multiplied by 1730mm (external diameter multiplied by internal diameter multiplied by height) after discharging; the second fire heating temperature is T β Preserving heat for 350min at-30 ℃, and rolling to be phi 6000mm multiplied by phi 5720mm multiplied by 2200mm (outer diameter multiplied by inner diameter multiplied by height); the third fire heating temperature is T β The temperature was kept at-40℃for 170min, and rolled to a value of Φ8000 mm. Times.7840 mm. Times.2850 mm (outer diameter. Times.inner diameter. Times.height). The specific principle schematic diagram is shown in figure 1.
Application example four: a TA15 titanium alloy ring material with the diameter of phi 8000mm multiplied by phi 7800mm multiplied by 3740mm (the outer diameter multiplied by the inner diameter multiplied by the height) is prepared, and the weight reaches 41.8 tons.
5 TA15 titanium alloy ring members were prepared, and the inner and outer surfaces and the upper and lower end surfaces of the 2 nd to 4 th members were polished. First, theThe outer surface, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the 1 st piece, the inner surface and the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the 5 th piece are polished. The 1 st piece of specification is phi 2000mm x 1800mm x 3000mm (outer diameter x 0 inner diameter x 1 height), the 2 nd piece of specification is phi 2190mm x 2 phi 1998mm x 33000mm (outer diameter x 4 inner diameter x 5 height), the 3 rd piece of specification is phi 2370mm x 6 phi 2188mm x 73000mm (outer diameter x 8 inner diameter x 9 height), the 4 th piece of specification is phi 2540mm x phi 2368mm x 3000mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height), and the 5 th piece of specification is phi 2680mm x phi 2538mm x 3000mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height). And (5) cleaning the surface to be bonded by using acetone and alcohol after the processing is finished. Placing the 1 st ring unit on a steel tray of a trolley of an electron beam welding machine; heating the 2 nd ring unit to 200 ℃, sleeving the 2 nd ring unit outside the 1 st ring unit through a guiding device, cooling the 1 st ring unit and the 2 nd ring unit to room temperature, sleeving the heated 3 rd ring unit outside the 2 nd ring unit, and the like, so as to complete the sleeving of all the ring units. Then placing the sleeved ring units into an electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing, and keeping the vacuum degree to 10 -2 And (3) during Pa, respectively performing electron beam seal welding on the peripheral contact surfaces of the upper end and the lower end of the adjacent ring pieces, wherein the welding beam current is 160mA, the welding voltage is 70kV, and the welding depth is 60mm, so as to obtain a ring piece preform with phi 2680mm multiplied by phi 1800mm multiplied by 3000mm (outer diameter multiplied by inner diameter multiplied by height). Rolling the ring preform by two fires, wherein the first fire heating temperature is T β Heat-preserving for 660min at +50 ℃, and rolling to phi 4000mm multiplied by phi 3500mm multiplied by 3150mm (external diameter multiplied by internal diameter multiplied by height) after discharging; the second fire heating temperature is T β The temperature was kept at-70℃for 300min, and rolled to a value of Φ8000 mm. Times.7800 mm. Times.3740 mm (outer diameter. Times.inner diameter. Times.height). The specific principle schematic diagram is shown in figure 1.
Application example five: a Ti62A titanium alloy ring material with the diameter of 6000mm, 5840mm, 2720mm (the outer diameter, the inner diameter and the height) is prepared, and the weight reaches 22 tons.
6 Ti62A titanium alloy ring units are prepared, and the inner and outer surfaces and the upper and lower end surfaces of the 6 ring units are polished. The 1 st part has the specification of phi 2000mm multiplied by 1800mm multiplied by 1000mm (external diameter multiplied by 0 internal diameter multiplied by 1 height), the 2 nd part has the specification of phi 2200mm multiplied by 1998mm multiplied by 1000mm (external diameter multiplied by internal diameter multiplied by height), the 3 rd part has the specification of phi 2400mm multiplied by 2198mm multiplied by 1000mm (external diameter multiplied by internal diameter multiplied by height), and the 4 th part has the specification of phi2580 mm. Phi. 2398 mm. Times.1000 mm (outer diameter. Times.0 inner diameter. Times.1 height), 5 th piece of standard is. Phi. 2740 mm. Times.2578 mm. Times.1000 mm (outer diameter. Times.inner diameter. Times.height), 6 th piece of standard is. Phi. 2900 mm. Times.2738 mm. Times.1000 mm (outer diameter. Times.inner diameter. Times.height). And (5) cleaning the surface to be bonded by using acetone and alcohol after the processing is finished. Placing the 1 st ring unit on a steel tray of a trolley of an electron beam welding machine; and heating the 2 nd ring unit to 250 ℃, sleeving the 2 nd ring unit outside the 1 st ring unit through a guide device, cooling the 1 st ring unit and the 2 nd ring unit to room temperature, sleeving the heated 3 rd ring unit outside the 2 nd ring unit, and the like, so as to complete the sleeving of all the ring units. Then placing the sleeved ring units into an electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing, and keeping the vacuum degree to 10 -1 And (3) in Pa, respectively performing electron beam seal welding on the peripheral contact surfaces of the upper end and the lower end of the adjacent ring pieces, wherein the welding beam current is 200mA, the welding voltage is 60kV, and the welding depth is 80mm, so as to obtain a ring piece preform with phi 2900mm multiplied by phi 1800mm multiplied by 1000mm (outer diameter multiplied by inner diameter multiplied by height). The ring piece preform is rolled by three fires, the first fire heating temperature is 1100 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 880min, and the ring piece preform is rolled to phi 4000mm multiplied by phi 3460mm multiplied by 1280mm (the outer diameter multiplied by the inner diameter multiplied by the height) after being discharged from a furnace; the second fire heating temperature is T β Preserving heat for 350min at-30 ℃, rolling to phi 5000mm phi 4730mm x 1960mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height); the third fire heating temperature is T β The temperature was kept at-70℃for 170min, and rolled to a thickness of Φ6000 mm. Phi. Phi.5840 mm. Times.2720 mm (outer diameter. Times.inner diameter. Times.height). The specific principle schematic diagram is shown in figure 1.
Application example six: DH36 high-strength and toughness steel ring materials with diameter of 12360mm multiplied by diameter of 12160mm multiplied by 4500mm (outer diameter multiplied by inner diameter multiplied by height) are prepared, and the weight is 156 tons.
6 DH36 high-strength and high-toughness steel ring units are prepared, and the inner and outer surfaces and the upper and lower end surfaces of the 6 ring units are polished. The 1 st piece of specification is phi 3000mm phi 2800mm x 3000mm (external diameter x 0 internal diameter x 1 height), the 2 nd piece of specification is phi 3200mm x 2 phi 2998mm x 33000mm (external diameter x 4 internal diameter x 5 height), the 3 rd piece of specification is phi 3400mm x 6 phi 3198mm x 73000mm (external diameter x 8 internal diameter x 9 height), the 4 th piece of specification is phi 3580mm x phi 3398mm x 3000mm (external diameter x internal diameter x height), the 5 th piece of specification is phi 3740mm x phi 3578mm x 3000mm (external diameter x internal diameter x height) ) The 6 th piece of specification is Φ3900mm×Φ3738mm×3000mm (outer diameter×inner diameter×height). And (5) cleaning the surface to be bonded by using acetone and alcohol after the processing is finished. Placing the 1 st ring unit on a steel tray of a trolley of an electron beam welding machine; and heating the 2 nd ring unit to 250 ℃, sleeving the 2 nd ring unit outside the 1 st ring unit through a guide device, cooling the 1 st ring unit and the 2 nd ring unit to room temperature, sleeving the heated 3 rd ring unit outside the 2 nd ring unit, and the like, so as to complete the sleeving of all the ring units. Then placing the sleeved ring units into an electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing, and keeping the vacuum degree to 10 -1 And (3) during Pa, respectively performing electron beam seal welding on the upper end and the lower end of the adjacent ring piece at one circle, wherein the welding beam current is 260mA, the welding voltage is 80kV, and the welding depth is 110mm, so as to obtain a ring piece preform with phi 3900mm multiplied by phi 2800mm multiplied by 3000mm (the outer diameter multiplied by 0 inner diameter multiplied by 1 height). Rolling the ring preform by two fires, wherein the first fire heating temperature is 1200 ℃, the heat preservation is performed for 825min, and the ring preform is rolled to phi 7500mm multiplied by phi 7000mm multiplied by 3050mm (external diameter multiplied by internal diameter multiplied by height) after being discharged from a furnace; the second fire heating temperature is 1000 ℃, the temperature is kept for 300min, and the mixture is rolled to phi 12360mm multiplied by phi 12160mm multiplied by 4500mm (the outer diameter multiplied by the inner diameter multiplied by the height). The specific principle schematic diagram is shown in figure 1.
Application example seven: 45 steel-12 Cr2Mo1R hydrogen steel composite ring material with the diameter of phi 3800mm multiplied by phi 3720mm multiplied by 4000mm (the outer diameter multiplied by the inner diameter multiplied by the height) is prepared.
Preparing a 1-piece 45 steel ring unit and a 1-piece 12Cr2Mo1R hydrogen steel ring unit, and polishing the inner and outer surfaces and the upper and lower end surfaces of the 2-piece ring unit. The specification of the 45 steel ring unit is phi 2000mm multiplied by phi 1848mm multiplied by 3160mm (outer diameter multiplied by inner diameter multiplied by height), and the specification of the 12Cr2Mo1R hydrogen steel ring unit is phi 1850mm multiplied by phi 1800mm multiplied by 3160mm (outer diameter multiplied by inner diameter multiplied by height). And (5) cleaning the surface to be bonded by using acetone and alcohol after the processing is finished. Placing a 12Cr2Mo1R hydrogen steel ring unit on a trolley steel tray of an electron beam welding machine; and heating the 45 steel ring unit to 200 ℃, and sleeving the 45 steel ring unit outside the 12Cr2Mo1R hydrogen steel ring unit through a guiding device. Then placing the sleeved ring units into an electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing, and keeping the vacuum degree to 10 -1 At Pa, the upper end and the lower end of the adjacent ring members are contacted with contact surfacesAnd (3) respectively performing electron beam seal welding for one circle, wherein the welding beam current is 280mA, the welding voltage is 80kV, the welding depth is 110mm, and the ring preform with phi 2000mm multiplied by phi 1800mm multiplied by 3160mm (outer diameter multiplied by inner diameter multiplied by height) is obtained. And (3) rolling the ring preform with one fire, wherein the heating temperature is 1200 ℃, preserving heat for 150min, and rolling the ring preform to obtain the composite ring material with phi 3800mm multiplied by phi 3720mm multiplied by 4000mm (the outer diameter multiplied by the inner diameter multiplied by the height) after discharging. The specific principle schematic diagram is shown in figure 1.
Application example eight: a stainless steel-9 Ni steel composite ring material of phi 4000mm x phi 3940mm x 3000mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height) was prepared.
Preparing 1 stainless steel ring unit and 1 9Ni steel ring unit, and polishing the inner and outer surfaces and upper and lower end surfaces of the 2 ring units. The stainless steel ring unit has a specification of Φ2000mm×Φ1838mm×1880mm (outer diameter×inner diameter×height), and the 9Ni steel ring unit has a specification of Φ1840mm×Φ1800mm×1880mm (outer diameter×inner diameter×height). And (5) cleaning the surface to be bonded by using acetone and alcohol after the processing is finished. Placing the 9Ni steel ring element unit on a steel tray of a trolley of an electron beam welding machine; the stainless steel ring unit is heated to 200 ℃, and then sleeved outside the 9Ni steel ring unit through the guiding device. Then placing the sleeved ring units into an electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing, and keeping the vacuum degree to 10 -1 And (3) during Pa, respectively performing electron beam seal welding on the upper end and the lower end of the adjacent ring piece at a circumference, wherein the welding beam current is 260mA, the welding voltage is 70kV, and the welding depth is 90mm, so as to obtain a ring piece preform with phi 2000mm multiplied by phi 1800mm multiplied by 1880mm (outer diameter multiplied by inner diameter multiplied by height). And (3) rolling the ring preform with one fire, wherein the heating temperature is 1100 ℃, preserving heat for 150min, and rolling until the diameter is 4000mm multiplied by 3940mm multiplied by 3000mm (the outer diameter multiplied by the inner diameter multiplied by the height) after discharging from a furnace. The specific principle schematic diagram is shown in figure 1.
Application example nine: a Ti80 titanium alloy ring material with the diameter of 13000mm multiplied by the diameter of 12800mm multiplied by 4500mm (the outer diameter multiplied by the inner diameter multiplied by the height) is prepared, and the weight reaches 82 tons.
Preparing 3 groups of Ti80 titanium alloy ring units, wherein the 1 st group comprises 5 ring members with phi 2800mm multiplied by phi 2500mm multiplied by 900mm, and the single weight is 5.06 tons; group 2 contains 1 Φ3068mm x Φ2798mm x 500mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height) ring member and 4 Φ3068mm x Φ2798mm x 1000mm (outer diameter x inner diameter)Diameter x height) ring members, individual weights of 2.8 tons and 5.6 tons, respectively; group 3 contains 1 Φ3376mm×Φ3066mm×0500mm (outer diameter×1 inner diameter×2 height) ring member and 5 Φ3376mm×3 Φ3066mm×4800mm (outer diameter×5 inner diameter×6 height) ring member, the individual weights being 3.53 tons and 5.6 tons, respectively, as shown in fig. 2 (a). And (3) machining and cleaning each ring member to ensure that the outer surface of the ring member is smooth and flat. The same set of ring members were axially stacked, taking care that the 2 nd set of stacked with the ring members of Φ3068mm x 7 Φ2798mm x 8500mm (outer diameter x 9 inner diameter x height) placed at the bottom and the 3 rd set of stacked with the ring members of Φ3376mm x 0 Φ3066mm x 1500mm (outer diameter x 2 inner diameter x 3 height) placed at the top. Spot welding is carried out on the outer sides of every two ring members for one circle, so that a laminated and spot welded ring unit is obtained, and the specifications of the ring unit are as follows: phi 2800mm x 4 phi 2500mm x 54500mm (outer diameter x 6 inner diameter x 7 height), phi 3068mm x 8 phi 2798mm x 94500mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x 0 height), phi 3376mm x 1 phi 3066mm x 24500mm (outer diameter x 3 inner diameter x 4 height). And (3) placing the overlapped and spot-welded ring units in a vacuum electron beam welding machine, respectively welding the inner side and the outer side of the overlapped seam of each group of ring units, wherein the welding depth ensures fusion of the inner side and the outer side welding seams and penetration of welding, and obtaining the ring units which are welded into a whole, as shown in fig. 2 (b). And (3) carrying out surface processing on the welded joint of the ring unit, removing welding residues, and then adopting acetone and alcohol to clean oil stains on the surface. The three cleaned annular member units with the height of 4500mm are radially sleeved, when in sleeve mounting, the annular member units with the diameter of phi 3068mm multiplied by 5 phi 2798mm multiplied by 64500mm (the outer diameter multiplied by 7 inner diameter multiplied by 8 height) are heated to 200 ℃, and the annular member units with the diameter of phi 2800mm multiplied by 9 phi 2500mm multiplied by 4500mm (the outer diameter multiplied by 0 inner diameter multiplied by 1 height) in a room temperature state are assembled by utilizing the thermal expansion and contraction phenomenon of metal materials, and interference fit is generated between the annular member units after cooling, so that the tight combination and the hoisting safety of interfaces are ensured, and the composite unit with the specification of phi 3068mm multiplied by 2 phi 2500mm multiplied by 34500mm (the outer diameter multiplied by 4 inner diameter multiplied by 5 height) is obtained; then the ring unit with phi 3376mm multiplied by 6 phi 3066mm multiplied by 74500mm (external diameter multiplied by 8 internal diameter multiplied by height) is heated to 200-250 ℃, and assembled with the composite unit with phi 3068mm multiplied by 2500mm multiplied by 4500mm (external diameter multiplied by internal diameter multiplied by height) in room temperature state, and after cooling, they are cooled An interference fit was produced between the two, resulting in a composite unit of specification Φ3376mm×Φ2500mm×4500mm (outer diameter×inner diameter×height). Putting the radially sleeved composite units into a vacuum electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing, and keeping the vacuum degree to 10 -2 And in Pa, respectively performing electron beam seal welding on the upper end and the lower end of the adjacent ring piece composite unit at one circle, wherein the welding beam current is 160mA, the welding voltage is 60kV, and the welding depth is 60mm at the deepest. A preform as shown in fig. 2 (c) is obtained. Then heating the preform at 1150 ℃ for 660min, and performing first hot ring rolling until phi 6700mm phi 6300mm x 4500mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height) to obtain a welded preform as shown in fig. 2 (d); the second fire heating temperature is T β The temperature was kept at +30deg.C for 240min, and rolled to 13000 mm. Phi. 12800 mm. Times.4500 mm (outer diameter. Times.inner diameter. Times.height) to obtain a finished ring as shown in FIG. 2 (e).
Application example ten: TC4ELI titanium alloy ring materials with the diameter of phi 10000mm multiplied by phi 9800mm multiplied by 4000mm (the outer diameter multiplied by the inner diameter multiplied by the height) are prepared, and the weight is 56 tons.
Preparing 3 groups of TC4ELI ring units, wherein the 1 st group comprises 4 phi 2750mm, phi 2500mm, and 1000mm (outer diameter, inner diameter, and height of 0 to 1), ring members, and the single weight is 4.64 tons; group 2 contains 5 Φ2998mm×2Φ2748mm×3800mm (outside diameter×4 inside diameter×5 height) ring members, the individual weight is 4.06 tons; group 3 contains 4 Φ3196mm×6Φ2996mm×71000mm (outside diameter×8 inside diameter×9 height) ring members, the individual weight is 4.4 tons; as shown in fig. 2 (a). And (3) machining and cleaning each ring member to ensure the smooth and flat outer surface of the ring member. Axially laminating the ring members with the same diameter in each group, and spot welding the outer sides of every two ring members for one circle to obtain laminated and spot welded ring units, wherein the specifications are as follows: phi 2750mm x 2500mm x 04000mm (outer diameter x 1 inner diameter x 2 height), phi 2998mm x 3 phi 2748mm x 4000mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height), phi 3196mm x phi 2996mm x 4000mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height). The overlapped and spot-welded ring units are placed in a vacuum electron beam welding machine, the inner side and the outer side of the overlapped seam of each group of ring units are respectively welded, the welding depth ensures the fusion of the inner side and the outer side welding seams, the penetration of the welding is ensured, and the ring units which are welded into a whole are obtained, as shown in the figure 2 (b) As shown. And (3) carrying out surface processing on the welded joint of the ring unit, removing welding residues, and then adopting acetone and alcohol to clean oil stains on the surface. The method comprises the steps of radially sleeving three ring units with the height of 4000mm, firstly heating an intermediate ring unit with the specification of phi 2998mm multiplied by phi 2748mm multiplied by 4000mm (the outer diameter multiplied by 0 inner diameter multiplied by 1 height) to 200-250 ℃, assembling the intermediate ring unit with the specification of phi 2750mm multiplied by 2 phi 2500mm multiplied by 34000mm (the outer diameter multiplied by 4 inner diameter multiplied by 5 height) in a room temperature state by utilizing the thermal expansion and contraction phenomenon of a metal material, cooling, and then generating interference fit between the intermediate ring unit and the ring unit to ensure the tight combination and hoisting safety of interfaces, thereby obtaining a composite unit with the specification of phi 2998mm multiplied by 6 phi 2500mm multiplied by 74000mm (the outer diameter multiplied by 8 inner diameter multiplied by 9 height); then the outermost ring unit with the dimensions of phi 3196mm x phi 2996mm x 04000mm (outer diameter x 1 inner diameter x 2 height) is heated to 250 ℃, assembled with the composite unit with the dimensions of phi 2998mm x 3 phi 2500mm x 4000mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height) in a room temperature state, and interference fit is generated between the composite unit and the composite unit after cooling, so that the composite unit with the specifications of phi 3196mm x phi 2500mm x 4000mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height) is obtained. Putting the radially sleeved composite units into a vacuum electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing, and keeping the vacuum degree to 10 -2 And (2) in Pa, respectively performing electron beam seal welding on the upper end and the lower end of each adjacent ring unit at a circumference, wherein the welding beam current is 280mA, the welding voltage is 80kV, and the welding depth is 90mm at the maximum, so as to obtain the preform shown in fig. 2 (c). Heating the preform at 1050 ℃ for 500min, and ring rolling the preform to phi 6700mm x phi 6400mm x 4000mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height) by a first fire to obtain a welded preform as shown in fig. 2 (d); on-line stagnation, when the temperature is reduced to T β Rolling to Φ10000mm×Φ9800mm×4000mm (outer diameter×inner diameter×height) at-50 ℃ gives the finished ring shown in fig. 2 (e).
Application example eleven: ti62222 titanium alloy ring material with diameter of 14200mm multiplied by diameter of 14060mm multiplied by 4500mm (outer diameter multiplied by inner diameter multiplied by height) is prepared, and the weight reaches 67.8 tons.
2 sets of Ti62222 titanium alloy ring units were prepared, and group 1 contained 6 ring members of Φ2900mm×Φ2500mm×750mm (outer diameter×inner diameter×height), weighing 5.9 tons individually; group 2 contains 2 phi 3228mm x phi 2898mm x 500mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x 0 height) and 5 Φ3228mm x 1 Φ2898mm x 2700mm (outer diameter x 3 inner diameter x 4 height), the individual weights being 3.6 and 5.0 tons, respectively; as shown in fig. 2 (a). And (3) machining and cleaning each ring member to ensure the smooth and flat outer surface of the ring member. Axially laminating the same group of ring members, and spot welding the outer sides of every two ring members for one circle to obtain a laminated and spot welded ring member unit, wherein when the second group of ring members are laminated, the lowest layer and the uppermost layer are respectively phi 3228mm multiplied by 5 phi 2898mm multiplied by 6500mm (the outer diameter multiplied by 7 inner diameter multiplied by 8 height), the middle 5 layers are ring members of phi 3228mm multiplied by 9 phi 2898mm multiplied by 700mm (the outer diameter multiplied by 0 inner diameter multiplied by 1 height), and the specifications are as follows: phi 2900mm x 2 phi 2500mm x 34500mm (outer diameter x 4 inner diameter x 5 height), 35.4 tons; phi 3228mm x 6 phi 2898mm x 74500mm (outer diameter x 8 inner diameter x 9 height), 32.4 tons. And (3) placing the overlapped and spot-welded ring units in a vacuum electron beam welding machine, respectively welding the inner side and the outer side of the overlapped seam of each group of ring units, wherein the welding depth ensures fusion of the inner side and the outer side welding seams and penetration of welding, and obtaining the ring units which are welded into a whole, as shown in fig. 2 (b). And (3) carrying out surface processing on the welded joint of the ring unit, removing welding residues, and then adopting acetone and alcohol to clean oil stains on the surface. The two cleaned annular member units with the height of 4500mm are radially sleeved, the annular member units with the specification of phi 3228mm multiplied by phi 2898mm multiplied by 04500mm (the outer diameter multiplied by 1 inner diameter multiplied by 2 height) are heated to 200 ℃ during the sleeving, the annular member units with the specification of phi 3228mm multiplied by phi 2500mm multiplied by 44500mm (the outer diameter multiplied by the inner diameter multiplied by the height) are assembled by utilizing the expansion and contraction phenomenon of metal materials and the annular member units with the specification of phi 2900mm multiplied by 3 phi 2500mm multiplied by 44500mm (the outer diameter multiplied by the inner diameter multiplied by the height) in a room temperature state, and interference fit is generated between the annular member units after the annular member units are cooled, so that the tight combination and the hoisting safety of interfaces are ensured, and the composite unit with the specification of phi 3228mm multiplied by phi 2500mm multiplied by 4500mm (the outer diameter multiplied by the inner diameter) is obtained. Putting the radially sleeved composite units into a vacuum electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing, and keeping the vacuum degree to 10 -2 And (2) in Pa, respectively performing electron beam seal welding on the upper end and the lower end of each adjacent ring unit at a circumference, wherein the welding beam current is 280mA, the welding voltage is 70kV, and the welding depth is 90mm at the maximum, so as to obtain the preform shown in fig. 2 (c). Putting the composite ring part at T β Heating at +100deg.C (about 1100 ℃ C.), and maintaining for a period of timeFor 450min, the first hot ring rolled to Φ6600mm Φ6300mm×4500mm (outer diameter×inner diameter×height) to obtain a welded preform as shown in fig. 2 (d); the second fire was rolled in the α+β two-phase zone (about 950 ℃) for a heat-retaining time of 180min before rolling to Φ14200mm×Φ14060mm×4500mm (outer diameter×inner diameter×height), resulting in a finished ring as shown in fig. 2 (e). The bonding interface is shown in fig. 3.
Twelve application examples: preparing an Inconel718 nickel-based superalloy ring material with the diameter of phi 6500mm multiplied by phi 6360mm multiplied by 4000mm (the outer diameter multiplied by the inner diameter multiplied by the height), and the weight of the ring material reaches 49 tons.
Preparing 3 groups of Inconel718 nickel-based superalloy ring units, wherein the 1 st group comprises 5 ring members with the diameter of 1700mm multiplied by 1500mm multiplied by 800mm (the outer diameter multiplied by 0 inner diameter multiplied by 1 height), and the single block weighs 3.3 tons; group 2 contains 8 Inconel718 nickel-base superalloy ring members of Φ1900mm 2 Φ1698mm 3500mm (outer diameter 4 inner diameter 5 height), the monolith weighing 2.3 tons; group 3 contained 5 Inconel718 nickel-base superalloy ring members of Φ2040mm x 6Φ1898mm x 7800mm (outer diameter x 8 inner diameter x 9 height), and the monolith weighed 2.89 tons, as shown in fig. 2 (a). And milling the contact surface of each ring member in the subsequent lamination step, cleaning the surface of the unit by adopting acetone, and then cleaning by adopting alcohol. Axially laminating the same group of ring members, and spot welding the outer sides of every two ring members for one circle to obtain an laminated and spot welded Inconel718 ring unit, wherein the specifications are as follows: phi 1700mm x phi 1500mm x 04000mm (outer diameter x 1 inner diameter x 2 height), phi 1900mm x 3 phi 1698mm x 4000mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height), phi 2040mm x phi 1898mm x 4000mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height). Placing the laminated and spot-welded Inconel718 ring unit in a vacuum electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing, and keeping the vacuum degree to 10 -2 And during Pa, carrying out vacuum electron beam welding on the outer side of each lamination for one circle, wherein the welding beam current is 300mA, the welding voltage is 80kV, the welding depth is half of the thickness of the pipe wall, then welding the inner side, and the welding depth is fused with the welding seam at the outer side, so as to ensure penetration welding, and obtaining the ring unit integrated with welding, as shown in fig. 2 (b). The welded ring unit is subjected to surface processing at the welding seam, welding residues are removed, and then acetone and alcohol are adopted for carrying outAnd (5) cleaning oil stains on the surface. The three ring units with the height of 4000mm after cleaning are radially sleeved, when in sleeve mounting, the middle ring unit with the specification of phi 1900mm multiplied by phi 1698mm multiplied by 4000mm (the outer diameter multiplied by 0 inner diameter multiplied by 1 height) is heated to 200 ℃, the ring unit with the specification of phi 1700mm multiplied by 2 phi 1500mm multiplied by 34000mm (the outer diameter multiplied by 4 inner diameter multiplied by 5 height) in a room temperature state is assembled by utilizing the thermal expansion and contraction phenomenon of a metal material, interference fit is generated between the ring units after cooling, the precision combination of an interface and the lifting safety are ensured, and the composite unit with the specification of phi 1900mm multiplied by 6 phi 1500mm multiplied by 74000mm (the outer diameter multiplied by 8 inner diameter multiplied by 9 height) is obtained; and then the outermost ring unit with the size of phi 2040mm multiplied by phi 1898mm multiplied by 04000mm (the outer diameter multiplied by 1 inner diameter multiplied by 2 height) is heated to 200-250 ℃, assembled with the composite unit with the size of phi 1900mm multiplied by 3 phi 1500mm multiplied by 4000mm (the outer diameter multiplied by the inner diameter multiplied by height) in a room temperature state, and interference fit is generated between the composite unit and the composite unit after cooling, so that the composite unit with the specification of phi 2040mm multiplied by phi 1500mm multiplied by 4000mm (the outer diameter multiplied by the inner diameter multiplied by height) is obtained. Putting the radially sleeved composite units into a vacuum electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing, and keeping the vacuum degree to 10 -2 And (2) in Pa, respectively performing electron beam seal welding on the upper end and the lower end of each adjacent ring unit at a circumference, wherein the welding beam current is 300mA, the welding voltage is 80kV, and the welding depth is 90mm at the maximum, so as to obtain the preform shown in fig. 2 (c). Heating the preform at 1200 ℃ for 400min, and performing first hot ring rolling until the diameter phi is 3000mm multiplied by 2700mm multiplied by 4000mm (the outer diameter multiplied by 0 inner diameter multiplied by 1 height), wherein the deformation in the thickness direction is 44.4%, and the finishing temperature is not lower than 1050 ℃, so as to obtain a welded ring piece preform as shown in fig. 2 (d); rolling at 1200 ℃ with a second fire for 120min until the rolling temperature is equal to or higher than 1050 ℃ and reaches the value of phi 4500mm phi 4300mm x 4000mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height); and rolling at 1050 ℃ by third fire for 120min until the temperature reaches phi 6500mm multiplied by phi 6360mm multiplied by 4000mm (outer diameter multiplied by inner diameter multiplied by height), wherein the final rolling temperature is not lower than 1050 ℃, and finally obtaining the finished ring shown in fig. 2 (e).
Application example thirteen: a TA15 titanium alloy and TA10 titanium alloy composite ring member with the diameter of phi 12300mm multiplied by phi 12100mm multiplied by 4500mm (the outer diameter multiplied by the inner diameter multiplied by the height) is prepared, and the weight reaches 77.6 tons.
2 groups of TA15 titanium alloy ring units were prepared, group 1 containing 3 ring members of Φ2800mm x Φ2500mm x 1500mm (outer diameter x 0 inner diameter x 1 height), the monolith weighing 8.4 tons; group 2 contains 4 Φ3070mm×2Φ2798mm× 31125mm (outside diameter×4 inside diameter×5 height) ring members, the monolith weighs 6.3 tons; a 1-set ring member comprising 3 TA10 titanium alloys of Φ3380mm×6Φ3068mm×71500mm (outer diameter×8 inner diameter×9 height) was prepared, and the monolith weighed 10.7 tons, as shown in fig. 2 (a). And milling the contact surface of each ring member in the subsequent lamination step, cleaning the surface of the unit by adopting acetone, and then cleaning by adopting alcohol. Axially laminating the same group of ring members, and spot welding the outer sides of every two ring members for one circle to obtain a laminated and spot welded ring unit, wherein the specification is as follows: phi 2800mm x 2500mm x 04500mm (outer diameter x 1 inner diameter x 2 height), phi 3070mm x 3 phi 2798mm x 4500mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height), phi 3380mm x phi 3068mm x 4500mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height). Placing the laminated and spot-welded ring unit in a vacuum electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing, and keeping the vacuum degree at 10 -1 And in Pa, electron beam welding is carried out on the outer side of each lamination for one circle, the welding beam current is 210mA, the welding voltage is 70kV, the welding depth is half of the thickness of the pipe wall, then the inner side is welded, the welding depth is fused with the welding seam on the outer side, the penetration welding is ensured, and the ring unit integrated with the welding is obtained, as shown in fig. 2 (b). And (3) carrying out surface processing on the welded joint of the ring unit, removing welding residues, and then adopting acetone and alcohol to clean oil stains on the surface. The three cleaned ring units are radially sleeved, when in sleeve mounting, the middle ring unit with the specification of phi 3070mm multiplied by phi 2798mm multiplied by 4500mm (the external diameter multiplied by 0 internal diameter multiplied by 1 height) is heated to 200 ℃, and the ring unit with the specification of phi 2800mm multiplied by 2 phi 2500mm multiplied by 34500mm (the external diameter multiplied by 4 internal diameter multiplied by 5 height) in a room temperature state is assembled by utilizing the expansion and contraction phenomenon of metal materials, interference fit is generated between the ring unit and the ring unit after cooling, the precision combination of interfaces and the safety of hoisting are ensured, and the composite unit with the specification of phi 3070mm multiplied by phi 2500mm multiplied by 4500mm (the external diameter multiplied by internal diameter multiplied by height) is obtained; then the outermost ring unit with the size of phi 3380mm multiplied by phi 3068mm multiplied by 4500mm (outer diameter multiplied by inner diameter multiplied by height) is heated to 200 ℃ to 250 ℃ and the temperature is kept at room temperature The composite unit of Φ3070mm×Φ2500mm×4500mm (outer diameter×0 inner diameter×1 height) in the state was assembled, and after cooling, an interference fit was produced between them, to obtain a composite unit of Φ3380mm×Φ2500mm×4500mm (outer diameter×inner diameter×height) in the specification. Putting the radially sleeved composite unit with the specification of phi 3380mm multiplied by phi 2500mm multiplied by 4500mm (outer diameter multiplied by inner diameter multiplied by height) into a vacuum electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing, and ensuring that the vacuum degree reaches 10 -2 And (2) in Pa, respectively performing electron beam seal welding on the upper end and the lower end of each adjacent ring unit at a circumference, wherein the welding beam current is 280mA, the welding voltage is 90kV, and the welding depth is 110mm at the maximum, so as to obtain the ring preform shown in the figure 2 (c). Heating the ring preform at 1050 ℃ for 600min, and ring rolling with a first fire until the diameter is 6800mm multiplied by 6440mm multiplied by 4500mm (the outer diameter multiplied by the inner diameter multiplied by the height), wherein the final rolling temperature is not lower than 850 ℃, so as to obtain a welded ring preform as shown in fig. 2 (d); the second fire was rolled at 860 ℃ to Φ12300mm×Φ12100mm×4500mm (outer diameter×inner diameter×height) to give a finished ring as shown in fig. 2 (e).
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in this specification with reference to specific examples, the description of which is only for the purpose of aiding in understanding the method of the present invention and its core ideas; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of an oversized metal ring based on radial sleeve assembly is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a ring unit: preparing a plurality of groups of ring units which are subjected to plastic processing and machining, wherein the ring units among different groups have different inner diameters and outer diameters, the thickness of each group of ring units is less than or equal to 200mm, the heights of each group of ring units are equal, and the ring units of each group of ring units are sequentially recorded as 1,2,3, … and M according to the order from the outer diameter to the large;
in the first step, the inner parts of the ring units of each group are respectively provided withThe diameter and outer diameter satisfy the following relationship: inner diameter d of the ring unit of group 2 2 Is required to be equal to the outer diameter D of the ring unit of the 1 st group 1 -1~D 1 -3, in mm, the inner diameter d of the ring unit of group 3 3 Is required to be equal to the outer diameter D of the ring unit of the group 2 2 -1~D 2 -3, in mm, and so on, the inner diameter d of the ring unit of group M M Is required to be equal to the outer diameter D of the ring unit in the M-1 group M-1 -1~D M-1 -3, units mm;
step two, heating each group of ring units according to the diameter from small to large, then carrying out interference fit, and then carrying out electron beam seal welding on the upper end and the lower end of the adjacent ring units to obtain a ring preform;
in the second step, the ring unit of the group 2 is heated to 150-250 ℃, then sleeved outside the ring unit of the group 1 through a guiding device, after the ring unit of the group 1 and the ring unit of the group 2 are cooled to room temperature, the ring unit of the group 3 after heating is sleeved outside the ring unit of the group 2, and the like, so as to complete the sleeving of all the ring units;
Step three, ring rolling is carried out on the ring piece preform to obtain a metal ring piece;
in the third step, the ring preform is heated before ring rolling.
2. The method for preparing the oversized metal ring based on radial sleeve assembly of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, each group of ring units comprises a ring member subjected to plastic processing and machining; or each group of ring units comprises at least two ring members with the same inner diameter and outer diameter, the ring members of the same group of ring units are subjected to surface decontamination treatment and then axially laminated to carry out inside and outside double-sided electron beam seal welding so as to ensure that a bonding interface is thoroughly welded, and finally, the laminated and welded ring units of the same group are subjected to machining and surface decontamination treatment.
3. The method for preparing the oversized metal ring based on radial sleeve assembly of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the welding beam current of the electron beam welding is 160-300 mA, and the welding voltage is 60-90 kV.
4. The method for preparing the oversized metal ring based on radial sleeve assembly according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: when each set of the ring units includes at least two ring members having the same inner diameter and outer diameter, the weld between the ring members in one of the ring units and the weld between the ring members in the adjacent ring unit cannot be at the same height, and the difference in height is not less than 100mm.
5. The method for preparing the oversized metal ring based on radial sleeve assembly according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: in the first step, the materials of the ring members in the same group of ring units are the same or different.
6. The method for preparing the oversized metal ring based on radial sleeve assembly of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, the adjacent ring units are made of the same or different materials.
7. The method for preparing the oversized metal ring based on radial sleeve assembly of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, before heating, the inner surface and the outer surface of the ring preform are coated with an anti-oxidation coating.
8. The method for preparing the oversized metal ring based on radial sleeve assembly of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the ring preform is titanium alloy, the first firing temperature is T β +50 to 1150, a heating temperature of T for the rest of the heat β -70~T β +30, wherein the heat preservation time t=1.2T-2.0T, and the unit min are the thickness of the ring preform, and the unit mm;
when the ring piece preform is carbon steel or alloy steel, rolling heating temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, and heat preservation time t=0.8T-1.5T, wherein T is the thickness of the ring piece preform and is in mm;
When the ring piece preform is nickel or nickel alloy, the rolling heating temperature is 1050-1250 ℃, the heat preservation time t=0.8T-1.5T, and the unit is min, wherein T is the thickness of the ring piece preform, and the unit is mm.
9. The method for preparing the oversized metal ring based on radial sleeve assembly of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the ring preform can also be subjected to variable-temperature rolling.
10. The method for preparing the oversized metal ring based on radial sleeve assembly of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the ring preform is rolled for 1-3 times, the wall thickness reduction rate of the ring preform is 30% -75% in each time, and the total wall thickness reduction rate of the ring preform is 60% -86%.
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| JPS6475135A (en) * | 1987-09-17 | 1989-03-20 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Ring rolling mill |
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| SU1606245A1 (en) * | 1988-01-28 | 1990-11-15 | Институт Черной Металлургии Мчм Ссср | Method of producing shaped annular articles |
| CN101279347A (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2008-10-08 | 贵州航宇科技发展有限公司 | Method for rolling and shaping stainless steel conical ring |
| CN102689151B (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2014-11-26 | 西南大学 | Liquid die forging and rolling compound formation method for GH4033 high-temperature alloy irregular-section large ring piece |
| JP6650110B2 (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2020-02-19 | 日立金属株式会社 | Ring rolling mill and method for producing rolled material |
| CN107626880B (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2020-10-09 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Manufacturing process of large annular forging |
| CN109434264A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-03-08 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Large scale metal annular members electron beam fuse increases material base+looping mill rolling manufacturing process |
| CN109439936B (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-11-20 | 宝钛集团有限公司 | Preparation method of medium-strength high-toughness titanium alloy ultra-large-specification ring material |
| CN113953429A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-21 | 西部金属材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of oversized titanium alloy ring piece |
| CN114192708A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-18 | 武汉理工大学 | Hot rolling forming method for large aluminum alloy ring piece construction |
| CN115446233A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-12-09 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | High fracture toughness and low anisotropy Ti 2 Method for manufacturing AlNb large-size ring piece |
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| JPS6475135A (en) * | 1987-09-17 | 1989-03-20 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Ring rolling mill |
| CN102554114A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-07-11 | 山东伊莱特重工有限公司 | Ring forging and rolling processing method of bearing ring parts used for large-scale wind turbine unit |
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