CN115633376B - Radio station communication method and system based on LoRa - Google Patents
Radio station communication method and system based on LoRa Download PDFInfo
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- CN115633376B CN115633376B CN202211462599.1A CN202211462599A CN115633376B CN 115633376 B CN115633376 B CN 115633376B CN 202211462599 A CN202211462599 A CN 202211462599A CN 115633376 B CN115633376 B CN 115633376B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/06—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
- H04W12/03—Protecting confidentiality, e.g. by encryption
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
- H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention relates to a radio station communication method and system based on LoRa, several hand-held LoRa terminals send the login information to the LoRa base station after starting up, finish the establishment of the wireless channel between LoRa terminal and LoRa base station, the wireless channel is the route of data transmission between LoRa base station and hand-held LoRa terminal, is used for data transmission and receiving between hand-held LoRa terminal and LoRa base station; data interaction is carried out between the LoRa base station and the radio station through a protocol, the radio station sends data to the LoRa base station according to a protocol format, and the LoRa base station sends the data to the hand-held LoRa terminal after receiving the analysis message. According to the invention, one radio station can be simultaneously connected with a plurality of handheld terminals, so that the utilization rate of the radio station and the timeliness of information sending are improved. The invention combines LoRa technical characteristics with networking mode to form a local area network with the coverage distance exceeding 1.5 kilometers, and provides multi-aspect support for tactical arrangement of small groups.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication control between a terminal and a special radio station, in particular to a radio station communication method and system based on LoRa.
Background
At present, most of short-wave and ultra-short-wave radio stations are connected with terminals by cables, and the communication distance between the short-wave and ultra-short-wave radio stations and the terminals is required to reach one kilometer. Firstly, the weight of a kilometer of cable exceeds 5kg, which increases the load of users and is not in line with the development direction of special equipment. Secondly, in actual use, influenced by topography and obstacles, in the process of lengthening the communication distance, the cable can cause winding, poor contact, cutting by objects and other problems, thereby shortening the communication distance, reducing the communication reliability, prolonging the arrangement time, increasing the trouble for users and bringing uncontrollable factors to the scene of immediacy. Finally, in a group, one radio station can only communicate with one terminal at the same time, so that the utilization rate of the radio station is reduced, and the quick transmission of the emergency information of other personnel in the group is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects that a radio station can only be connected with one terminal and can only be used by one person, the communication distance is short due to the length of a cable, the carrying is inconvenient and the like in a wired connection mode in the prior art, the invention provides a radio station communication method and system based on LoRa.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a radio station communication method based on LoRa is realized by adopting a LoRa direct sequence spread spectrum technology and star networking, and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that after being started, a plurality of handheld LoRa terminals send login information to a LoRa base station to complete establishment of a wireless channel between each handheld LoRa terminal and the LoRa base station, wherein the wireless channel is a data transmission path between the LoRa base station and the handheld LoRa terminals and is used for bidirectional communication of data sending and receiving between the handheld LoRa terminals and the LoRa base station;
the data interaction is carried out between the LoRa base station and the radio station through a protocol, the radio station sends data to the LoRa base station according to a protocol format, and the LoRa base station analyzes a message after receiving the message and sends the message to the handheld LoRa terminal.
The handheld LoRa terminal is simplex duplex two-way communication, and the transmission channel is: the encryption of sending data is realized through a microcontroller II, after the encryption, the spread spectrum is carried out by combining a spread spectrum factor through a spread spectrum chip II, a narrow-band information source is spread by a pseudo noise code to generate a broadband low-power spectral density signal, the frequency spectrum of the signal is spread in a frequency domain, the signal is modulated to a transmitting frequency through the spread spectrum chip II, and the signal is sent through an antenna II in a wireless mode to realize the sending of the data;
the receiving channels are: the microcontroller II controls the spread spectrum chip II to demodulate a wireless signal, the wireless signal is demodulated through the spread spectrum chip II, after the synchronization with the LoRa base station is achieved, the spread spectrum chip II uses a spread spectrum factor the same as that of the LoRa base station to perform despreading, narrow-band information is recovered, wireless data are demodulated, the data are sent to the microcontroller II, the received data are decrypted and analyzed through the microcontroller II, correct data are obtained, and the wireless data are received.
The communication method of the handheld LoRa terminal comprises the following steps: the LoRa base station is simplex duplex two-way communication, and the transmission channel is: the microcontroller I receives data from a radio station through an interface I, encrypts the data, spreads the data through a spread spectrum chip I, widens a narrow-band information source through a pseudo noise code to generate a broadband low-power spectral density signal, widens the signal spectrum in a frequency domain, modulates the signal spectrum to a transmitting frequency through the spread spectrum chip I, and transmits the signal through an antenna I in a wireless mode to realize data transmission;
the receiving channels are: the wireless signal's that handheld loRa terminal sent demodulation is accomplished to spread spectrum chip I combination antenna I, wireless data is demodulated out, and give microcontroller I with data transmission, send the radio station through interface I after microcontroller I deciphers and analyzes the data received, I control spread spectrum chip I demodulation wireless signal of microcontroller, demodulate through spread spectrum chip I, after getting with handheld loRa terminal's synchronization, carry out relevant despreading with it with the same pseudo noise code of handheld loRa terminal, resume narrowband information, wireless data is demodulated out, and give microcontroller I with data transmission, after data decryption and the analysis of receiving through microcontroller I, realize wireless data's receipt.
The radio station communication system comprises a radio station, an LoRa base station and a plurality of handheld LoRa terminals, wherein the LoRa base station realizes network maintenance and data receiving and sending and is used for receiving and sending data between the radio station and the handheld LoRa terminal nodes, and the handheld LoRa terminal nodes adopt a single-hop mode to carry out receiving and sending bidirectional communication with the LoRa base station;
the radio station carries out the interaction of data with the loRa basic station, realizes that the radio station data is issued to the loRa basic station and the data transmission of loRa basic station is to the radio station.
The LoRa base station comprises a power supply module I, a microcontroller I, a spread spectrum chip I, a cable interface I and an antenna I; loRa basic station's cable interface I is used for connecting radio station and LoRa basic station, realizes the interaction of data and provides the power supply for power module I, power module I is used for providing steady current for microcontroller I and spread spectrum chip I, microcontroller I is used for receiving and dispatching the radio frequency data and the radio station data of spread spectrum chip I to the analysis, spread spectrum chip I combines I modulation transmission and the demodulation receipt of accomplishing data of antenna.
The handheld LoRa terminal comprises a power supply module II, a microcontroller II, a spread spectrum chip II, a cable interface II and an antenna II; the cable interface II of the handheld LoRa terminal is used for being connected with data input of the handheld LoRa terminal to achieve data interaction and power supply, the power supply module II is used for providing stable current for the microcontroller II and the spread spectrum chip II, and the microcontroller II is used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency data of the spread spectrum chip II and LoRa terminal data and analyzing the radio frequency data and the LoRa terminal data; and the spread spectrum chip II is combined with the antenna II to complete modulation sending and demodulation receiving of data.
The invention has the technical effects that: the invention changes the original mode that one radio station can only be connected with one terminal at the same time, and one radio station can be connected with a plurality of terminals at the same time, so that all members in the group can be connected with the radio station at the same time, thereby increasing the reuse rate of the radio station and improving the utilization rate of the radio station and the timeliness of information transmission.
The invention combines LoRa technical characteristics with networking mode to form a local area network with the coverage distance exceeding 1.5 kilometers, and provides multi-aspect support for tactical arrangement of small groups.
The wireless communication mode of the invention increases the diversity and the rapidity of tactical arrangement under the condition of complex terrain, and the AES-128 symmetric encryption algorithm is used to increase the security of data transmission.
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior multi-core cable in wired communication, reduces the consumption of the cable and lightens the load of a user by more than 5 kilograms.
In a word, compared with a plurality of relatively mature wireless transmission networks, the method has the advantages of long endurance time, stable data transmission, clear network structure and the like, can realize self organization, self maintenance and self management of the network, can construct various network communication interfaces, and realizes multi-mode and multi-means comprehensive access with a joint tactical communication network system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system connection block diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit connection block diagram of the LoRa base station according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit connection block diagram of the handheld LoRa terminal according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of the operation of the LoRa base station according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the handheld LoRa terminal according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating SM4 data encryption in the prior art.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a radio station communication system based on LoRa, the radio station communication system includes the radio station, the LoRa base station and a plurality of handheld LoRa terminals, the radio station passes through the cable interface and is connected with the LoRa base station, and the LoRa base station carries out two-way communication with a plurality of handheld LoRa terminals through wireless communication mode.
As shown in fig. 2, in a circuit connection block diagram of the LoRa base station, one path of a cable interface i is connected with an SX1278 spread spectrum chip i and an antenna i in a bidirectional manner through a microcontroller i in sequence; the other path of the cable interface I provides power for the microcontroller I and the SX1278 spread spectrum chip I through the power module I respectively.
The loRa basic station adopts the direct current 12V power of I external radio stations of cable interface, internal power module I adopts the LDO chip that the model is APS1117, realize that 12V changes 3.3V's voltage conversion, power module I is all components and parts power supplies in the loRa basic station, use microcontroller I to realize the data storage of loRa basic station, encrypt, analyze, forward and to the control and the initialization of spread spectrum chip I, use I modulation and the demodulation of realizing data of spread spectrum chip.
The model of the power supply module I is APS1117;
the model of the microcontroller I is GD32L233;
the type of the spread spectrum chip I is SX1278.
As shown in fig. 3, in the circuit connection block diagram of the handheld LoRa terminal, one path of the cable interface ii is connected with the SX1278 spread spectrum chip ii and the antenna ii in two directions through the microcontroller ii in sequence; and the other path of the cable interface II provides power for the microcontroller II and the SX1278 spread spectrum chip II through a power supply module II.
Handheld loRa terminal adopts cable interface II to connect direct current 5V power, and internal power module II adopts the LDO chip that the model is APS1117, realizes that 5V changes 3.3V's voltage conversion, and power module II is microcontroller II and II powers supplies power of spread spectrum chip, uses microcontroller II to realize data storage, encryption, analysis, forward and to the control and the initialization of spread spectrum chip, uses II realization data's of spread spectrum chip modulation and demodulation.
The model of the power supply module II is APS1117;
the model of the microcontroller II is GD32L233;
and the type of the spread spectrum chip II is SX1278.
The working flow of the LoRa base station is as shown in fig. 4, when the LoRa base station is powered on and enters a receiving state, the LoRa base station waits for receiving wireless data and data of a radio station, when the LoRa base station receives the wireless data, the LoRa base station firstly decrypts the wireless data by using a secret key, if the decryption is successful, the data packet is valid, otherwise, the message is discarded, the LoRa base station analyzes the decrypted data, if the message is a login network access message, the LoRa base station stores handheld LoRa terminal information and performs a login success receipt, and then a connection information table is maintained. If the message is not the login network access message, continuously judging whether the message is a data message sent to the radio station, if the message is the data message sent to the radio station, sending the processed message to the radio station through an interface by the LoRa base station, sending a receipt to the handheld LoRa terminal, and enabling the LoRa base station to enter a state of waiting for receiving data after the receipt is sent. When the LoRa base station receives data from a radio station, judging whether the data is a broadcast message or not, if the data is the broadcast message, the LoRa base station encrypts the data and then sends the broadcast message to all handheld LoRa terminals, and judging whether receipt of all handheld LoRa terminals in the network is received or not, if the receipt is received completely, the LoRa base station sends the broadcast message to the radio station and sends a successful receipt, if part of the receipt of the handheld LoRa terminals is not received, judging whether the receipt is sent more than three times or not, if the receipt is not received more than three times, the LoRa base station repeatedly sends the broadcast message to all the handheld LoRa terminals, if the receipt is more than three times, the broadcast message sending is finished, the LoRa base station judges that the received receipt of the handheld LoRa terminals is 1, if the receipt is not less than 1, the LoRa base station sends a broadcast message to the radio station to send a success receipt, otherwise, the LoRa base station sends a broadcast message to the radio station to send a failure receipt, if the broadcast message is not, the message is data sent to a certain handheld LoRa terminal, the LoRa base station encrypts the data and sends the message to the specific handheld LoRa terminal, after the LoRa base station finishes sending, the LoRa base station waits for the receipt of the handheld LoRa terminal, if the receipt is received within a fixed waiting time, the LoRa base station sends the data to the radio station to send the success receipt, if the receipt is not received within the waiting time, the data are repeatedly sent for 3 times, after the three times of sending, the receipt is still not received, the LoRa base station sends the message to the radio station to send the failure receipt, and after the sending is finished, the LoRa base station enters a state of waiting for receiving the data.
In the working state, the LoRa base station is generally in a data reception waiting state, and in this state, the LoRa base station opens a reception channel and waits for reception of wireless data. When the receipt and the data are sent to the handheld LoRa terminal, the LoRa base station closes the receiving channel, opens the sending channel and enters a sending state.
The working flow of the handheld LoRa terminal is as shown in fig. 5, when the handheld LoRa terminal is powered on, firstly, the login information is sent to the LoRa base station, whether wireless data is received or not is judged, if the wireless data is not received for a long time, the login information is returned to be sent, if the wireless data is received, whether decryption is available or not is judged, if the decryption is successful, whether the login information is returned is judged, if the decryption is successful, a login information table is maintained, the network access success is sent to the handheld LoRa terminal, the data from the wireless data and the data from the handheld LoRa terminal are waited to be received, and if the decryption is unavailable, the login information is returned to be sent to the LoRa base station; the handheld LoRa terminal enters a waiting state, the waiting interface receives data and receives wireless data, when the handheld LoRa terminal receives the wireless data, whether decryption can be performed or not is judged firstly, if decryption fails, messages are discarded, the handheld LoRa terminal enters a state of waiting for receiving the handheld LoRa terminal data and receiving the wireless data, if decryption succeeds, whether the data are local information or not is judged, if the data are local information, the handheld LoRa terminal sends a receipt to a LoRa base station, the data are sent to a bus interface after being analyzed by a microcontroller II, then the handheld LoRa terminal data and the wireless data are received, if the data are not local information, messages are discarded, and the handheld LoRa terminal data and the wireless data are received. If receiving data of the handheld LoRa terminal, the handheld LoRa terminal encrypts the data, sends the data to the LoRa base station, judges whether the receipt of the LoRa base station is received, if the receipt is received, sends the data to the bus interface, if the receipt is not received within the specified time, judges whether the receipt is repeatedly sent for more than three times, if the receipt is not received for more than three times, repeatedly sends the data to the LoRa base station, judges whether the receipt is received, if the receipt is received for more than three times, the handheld LoRa terminal sends a failure receipt to the interface, and after the sending is completed, the handheld LoRa terminal enters a state of waiting for the interface to receive the data and receive the wireless data.
When the handheld LoRa terminal is in an operating state, the handheld LoRa terminal is generally in a data reception waiting state, and in this state, the handheld LoRa terminal opens a reception channel to wait for receiving wireless data. When the receipt and the data are sent to the LoRa base station, the handheld LoRa terminal closes the receiving channel, opens the sending channel and enters a sending state.
In order to improve the security of data transmission, a block cipher SM4 algorithm of GB/T32907-2016 information security technology SM4 is adopted for data encryption, the algorithm is a block algorithm and is used for wireless local area network products, the block length of the algorithm is 128 bits, the key length is 128 bits, the encryption algorithm and the key expansion algorithm both adopt 32-round nonlinear iteration structures, the decryption algorithm and the encryption algorithm have the same structure, only the use sequence of round keys is opposite, the decryption round keys are the reverse sequence of the encryption round keys, SM4 encryption is used before data packets are sent, and SM4 algorithm decryption is adopted after data are received.
As shown in fig. 6, using a 128-bit key, in the key expansion, performing xor operation on each word of the 128-bit key and each word of a system parameter to obtain (K0, K1, K2, K3), performing xor operation on the obtained last 3 words and a fixed parameter, performing function operation to obtain a value C, and finally performing xor operation on the value C and K0 to obtain a sub-key of a first round, which is also K4 of a next round of key operation. The 128-bit plaintext is divided into 4 32-bit words X0, X1, X2, X3. And performing 32 rounds of round operations on the obtained X0, X1, X2 and X3 by using a basic round function and iterative control. And finally, performing reverse order transformation on the 4 words subjected to the 32-round operation to form a 128-bit ciphertext.
The specific encryption process is as follows: 1. inputting a plaintext: (X0, X1, X2, X3), 128 bits, four words; 2. inputting a round key: rki, i =0,1, …,31, 32 round keys; 3. and (3) outputting a ciphertext: (Y0, Y1, Y2, Y3), 128 bits, four words.
Xi+4=F（Xi，Xi+1，Xi+2，Xi+3，rki）= Xi ⊕T（ Xi+1⊕ Xi+2⊕ Xi+3⊕rki)， i = 0,1…31 （Y0，Y1，Y2，Y3）=（X35，X34，X33，X32）。
Embodiment 1, a radio station communication method based on LoRa, taking a group as an example, where a radio station and a plurality of handheld LoRa terminals are in the group. The loRa basic station passes through cable interface and is connected with the radio station, and every user holds handheld loRa terminal. Firstly, the radio station starts, after the radio station starts, the power is supplied to the LoRa base station through the cable interface I, the LoRa base station automatically starts after obtaining the power supply of the radio station, the microcontroller I of the LoRa base station initializes the cable interface I and the spread spectrum chip I, wireless parameters and spread spectrum factors are configured, a 430MHZ receiving channel is opened, and a data receiving waiting state is entered.
When a handheld LoRa terminal is started, wireless communication parameters and a spread spectrum factor of a spread spectrum chip II are configured, a login packet is edited to generate a 128-bit hexadecimal plaintext array (X0, X1, X2 and X3), an encryption key rki is generated according to a round function, an SM4 encryption function is called, and a 128-bit ciphertext (Y0, Y1, Y2 and Y3) is generated. The microcontroller ii then opens the 430MHZ transmission channel and sends the ciphertext to the spreading chip ii. And the spread spectrum chip II completes the exclusive OR operation of the data and the spread code bit stream according to the configured spread spectrum factor to generate a spread spectrum sending signal stream, and the signal stream is modulated to a 430MHZ transmitting channel through the spread spectrum chip II and is sent to the LoRa base station.
And an antenna I of the LoRa base station receives the wireless data, generates a signal stream after the wireless data is demodulated by a spread spectrum chip I, and then carries out XOR operation on the signal stream and the expanded coded bit stream to obtain an encrypted message. And the microcontroller I decrypts the ciphertext according to the encryption key and the decryption function to obtain the plaintext. And the LoRa base station analyzes and judges the ciphertext, maintains a login information table if the ciphertext is a login message, and sends a receipt to the handheld LoRa terminal. And finishing the login of the LoRa base station by one handheld LoRa terminal. The process is repeated at other handheld loRa terminals, and the login of a plurality of handheld loRa terminals and loRa base stations is realized, so that star networking is completed.
When the handheld LoRa terminal sends a control command to the radio station, the handheld LoRa terminal edits data to be sent to generate a plaintext array (X0, X1, X2, X3), and then calls an SM4 encryption function according to an encryption key rki to generate a ciphertext (Y0, Y1, Y2, Y3). The microcontroller i then opens the 430MHZ transmission channel and sends the ciphertext to the spreading chip ii. And the spread spectrum chip II completes the XOR (exclusive OR) operation of the data and the spread coding bit stream according to the configured spread spectrum factor to generate a spread spectrum sending signal stream, and the signal stream is modulated to a 430MHZ transmitting channel through the spread spectrum chip II and is sent to the LoRa base station. And after the data transmission is finished, opening a receiving channel and waiting for receiving the acknowledgement.
And an antenna II of the LoRa base station receives the wireless data, generates a signal stream after the wireless data is demodulated by a spread spectrum chip II, and performs XOR (exclusive OR) operation on the signal stream and the spread coded bit stream to obtain an encrypted message. And the microcontroller II decrypts the ciphertext according to the encryption secret key and the decryption function to obtain the plaintext. And the LoRa base station analyzes and judges the ciphertext, if the ciphertext is a data message, the LoRa base station sends the message to the radio station through the cable interface I according to an agreed protocol format (the specific protocol is the format of a packet header, data content and a cyclic check code, and the format of the data message is 0x11, the data content and the cyclic check code), and the radio station executes corresponding processing according to the message content. And then, the LoRa base station edits a receipt message, encrypts the receipt message and sends the encrypted receipt message to the handheld LoRa terminal. And after receiving the receipt of the LoRa base station, the handheld LoRa terminal carries out demodulation, decryption, analysis and the like. At this point, one data transmission is completed. And realizing the data transmission of the handheld LoRa terminal to the radio station.
When data are sent to the handheld LoRa terminal, the radio station firstly sends the data to the LoRa base station through a cable interface II according to an agreed protocol format (the specific protocol is a format of a packet header, data content and a cyclic check code, and the format of a data message is 0x22, the data content and the cyclic check code). After receiving the wireless signals, the corresponding handheld LoRa terminal demodulates through the spread spectrum chip II to generate signal streams, exclusive-OR spread spectrum codes are carried out to obtain ciphertext data, and the ciphertext data are decrypted to obtain corresponding data.
Data communication is carried out between other handheld loRa terminals and the loRa base station, adopts above-mentioned same mode, realizes the data communication of a plurality of handheld loRa terminals and loRa base station, and the data that the loRa base station received are sent for the radio station through proprietary protocol, realize the communication between radio station and a plurality of handheld loRa terminals.
Claims (2)
1. A radio station communication method based on LoRa is characterized in that the method is realized by adopting a LoRa direct sequence spread spectrum technology and star networking, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that after the handheld LoRa terminals are started up, login information is sent to the LoRa base station, and the establishment of a wireless channel between each handheld LoRa terminal and the LoRa base station is completed, wherein the wireless channel is a data transmission path between the LoRa base station and the handheld LoRa terminals and is used for bidirectional communication of data sending and receiving between the handheld LoRa terminals and the LoRa base stations;
the LoRa base station and the radio station carry out data interaction through a protocol, the radio station sends data to the LoRa base station according to a protocol format, and the LoRa base station analyzes a message after receiving the message and sends the message to a handheld LoRa terminal;
an antenna II of the LoRa base station receives wireless data, the wireless data is demodulated by a spread spectrum chip II to generate a signal stream, the signal stream is subjected to XOR operation with an expanded coding bit stream to obtain an encrypted message, a microcontroller II decrypts the ciphertext according to an encryption key and a decryption function to obtain a plaintext, the LoRa base station analyzes and judges the ciphertext, if the ciphertext is a data message, the LoRa base station sends the message to a radio station through a cable interface I according to an agreed protocol format, the specific protocol is the format of a packet header, data content and a cyclic check code, the format of the data message is 0x11, data content and the cyclic check code, the radio station executes corresponding processing according to the message content, then the LoRa base station edits a receipt message, encrypts the receipt message and sends the encrypted receipt message to a handheld LoRa terminal, and the handheld LoRa terminal demodulates, decrypts and analyzes the receipt message after receiving the receipt of the LoRa base station, completes one-time data transmission and realizes the transmission of the handheld LoRa terminal data to the radio station;
when data are sent to the handheld LoRa terminal, the radio station firstly sends the data to a LoRa base station through a cable interface II according to an agreed protocol format, wherein the specific protocol is a packet header + data content + cyclic check code format, the data message format is 0x22+ data content + cyclic check code format, the data are encrypted after being received by the LoRa base station, then the data are spread and modulated by a spread spectrum chip II and converted into wireless signals to be sent, the corresponding handheld LoRa terminal receives the wireless signals, then the wireless signals are demodulated by the spread spectrum chip II to generate signal streams, exclusive or spread spectrum codes are used for obtaining ciphertext data, and the ciphertext data are decrypted to obtain corresponding data;
the communication method of the LoRa base station comprises the following steps: the handheld LoRa terminal is simplex duplex two-way communication, and the sending channel is: the encryption of sending data is realized through a microcontroller II, after the encryption, the spread spectrum is carried out by combining a spread spectrum factor through a spread spectrum chip II, a narrow-band information source is widened through a pseudo noise code to generate a broadband low-power spectral density signal, the frequency spectrum of the signal is widened in a frequency domain, the signal is modulated to a transmitting frequency through the spread spectrum chip II, and the transmitting frequency is sent through an antenna II in a wireless mode to realize the sending of the data;
the receiving channels are: the microcontroller II controls the spread spectrum chip II to demodulate a wireless signal, the wireless signal is demodulated through the spread spectrum chip II, after the synchronization with the LoRa base station is achieved, the spread spectrum chip II uses a spread spectrum factor the same as that of the LoRa base station to perform despreading, narrow-band information is recovered, wireless data are demodulated, the data are sent to the microcontroller II, the received data are decrypted and analyzed through the microcontroller II to obtain correct data, and the wireless data are received;
the communication method of the handheld LoRa terminal comprises the following steps: the LoRa base station is simplex duplex two-way communication, and the transmission channel is: the microcontroller I receives data from a radio station through an interface I, encrypts the data, spreads the data through a spread spectrum chip I, widens a narrow-band information source through a pseudo noise code to generate a broadband low-power spectral density signal, widens the signal spectrum in a frequency domain, modulates the signal spectrum to a transmitting frequency through the spread spectrum chip I, and transmits the signal through an antenna I in a wireless mode to realize data transmission;
the receiving channels are: the spread spectrum chip I is combined with an antenna I to complete demodulation of a wireless signal sent by a handheld LoRa terminal, wireless data are demodulated, the data are sent to a microcontroller I, the received data are decrypted and analyzed through the microcontroller I and then sent to a radio station through an interface I, the microcontroller I controls the spread spectrum chip I to demodulate the wireless signal, the wireless signal is demodulated through the spread spectrum chip I, after synchronization with the handheld LoRa terminal is achieved, related despreading is conducted on the wireless signal and a pseudo noise code which is the same as that of the handheld LoRa terminal, narrow-band information is recovered, the wireless data are demodulated, the data are sent to the microcontroller I, and the received data are decrypted and analyzed through the microcontroller I to achieve receiving of the wireless data;
the data encryption adopts a block cipher sm4 algorithm, the block length of the algorithm is 128 bits, the key length is 128 bits, the encryption algorithm and the key expansion algorithm both adopt 32-round nonlinear iteration structures, the decryption algorithm is the same as the encryption algorithm, only the use sequence of the round keys is opposite, the decryption round keys are the reverse sequence of the encryption round keys, sm4 encryption is used before the data packet is sent, and sm4 algorithm decryption is used after the data is received;
in the key expansion, each word of a 128-bit key is subjected to XOR operation with each word of a system parameter to obtain K0, K1, K2 and K3, then the obtained last 3 words are subjected to XOR operation with a fixed parameter and then subjected to function operation to obtain a value C, and finally the value C is subjected to XOR operation with the K0 to obtain a sub-key of a first round, namely K4 of the next round of key operation; dividing a 128-bit plaintext into 4 32-bit words X0, X1, X2 and X3; performing 32 rounds of operation on the obtained X0, X1, X2 and X3 by using a basic round function and iterative control; and finally, performing reverse order transformation on the 4 words subjected to the 32-round operation to form a 128-bit ciphertext.
2. An LoRa-based station communication system for implementing the LoRa-based station communication method according to claim 1, wherein: the radio station communication system comprises a radio station, an LoRa base station and a plurality of handheld LoRa terminals, wherein the LoRa base station realizes network maintenance and data receiving and sending and is used for receiving and sending data between the radio station and the handheld LoRa terminal nodes, and the handheld LoRa terminal nodes adopt a single-hop mode to carry out receiving and sending bidirectional communication with the LoRa base station;
the radio station and the LoRa base station perform data interaction, and the data of the radio station is sent to the LoRa base station and the data of the LoRa base station are sent to the radio station;
the LoRa base station comprises a power supply module I, a microcontroller I, a spread spectrum chip I, a cable interface I and an antenna I; the system comprises a microcontroller I, a spread spectrum chip I, an antenna I, a radio station I, a radio interface I, a cable interface I of the LoRa base station, a microcontroller I and a power module I, wherein the cable interface I of the LoRa base station is used for connecting the radio station and the LoRa base station, realizing data interaction and supplying power to the power module I;
the LoRa base station adopts a cable interface I to be externally connected with a direct current 12V power supply of a radio station, an internal power supply module I adopts an LDO chip with the model of APS1117 to realize voltage conversion from 12V to 3.3V, the power supply module I supplies power to all components in the LoRa base station, a microcontroller I is used for realizing data storage, encryption, analysis and forwarding of the LoRa base station and control and initialization of a spread spectrum chip I, and the spread spectrum chip I is used for realizing modulation and demodulation of data;
the handheld LoRa terminal comprises a power supply module II, a microcontroller II, a spread spectrum chip II, a cable interface II and an antenna II; the cable interface II of the handheld LoRa terminal is used for connecting data input of the handheld LoRa terminal to achieve data interaction and power supply, and the microcontroller II is used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency data of the spread spectrum chip II and LoRa terminal data and analyzing the radio frequency data and LoRa terminal data; the spread spectrum chip II is combined with the antenna II to complete modulation sending and demodulation receiving of data;
handheld loRa terminal adopts cable interface II to connect direct current 5V power, and internal power module II adopts the LDO chip that the model is APS1117, realizes that 5V changes 3.3V's voltage conversion, and power module II is microcontroller II and II power supplies of spread spectrum chip, uses microcontroller II to realize data storage, encryption, analysis, forward and to the control and the initialization of spread spectrum chip II, uses II realization data's of spread spectrum chip modulation and demodulation.
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