CN115629483B - Two-dimensional array spectrum synthesis device and synthesis method thereof - Google Patents
Two-dimensional array spectrum synthesis device and synthesis method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a two-dimensional array spectrum synthesis device and a synthesis method thereof. The combining device comprises a two-dimensional light beam array, a conversion optical device, a first dispersion element, a relay optical system and a second dispersion element which are sequentially arranged along the light beam transmission direction; based on the synthesis device, the wavelength and the arrangement interval of each laser source in the two-dimensional light beam array are designed, so that the two-dimensional array light beams output by the two-dimensional light beam array are incident to the first dispersion element through the conversion optical device, and the two-dimensional array light beams are converted into fan-shaped sub-light beams with different emergent angles in the same plane; and the relay optical system is used for enabling the fan-shaped sub-beams to be incident to the second dispersing element at different angles, and the fan-shaped sub-beams are combined into a beam of laser to be output through the action of the second dispersing element, so that the combination of the two-dimensional array beams is realized. Through the mode, the number of the sub-beams which can be synthesized by the spectrum synthesis device can be increased, so that the laser power is improved, and the use efficiency of the optical element is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser beam synthesis, in particular to a two-dimensional array spectrum synthesis device and a synthesis method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of laser technology, the laser technology is more and more widely applied in the fields of industrial manufacturing, national defense safety and the like, and accordingly, the power and brightness of a laser system gradually cannot meet related application requirements, and further improvement of the output power of the laser system is urgently needed. However, laser power energy improvement is limited by thermal effect, nonlinear effect, and the like, and on the other hand, degradation of beam quality is often brought in the power improvement process, so that great technical challenges are faced in improving single-path laser power output. Therefore, the spectrum synthesis technology becomes an effective technical approach for further improving the output power of the laser system.
The spectrum synthesis technology mainly utilizes the dispersion capability of a dispersion optical element, realizes the common-aperture combined beam output by a mode that a plurality of laser beams with different central wavelengths and incident at different angles are emitted at the same angle through a diffraction effect, and can improve the output power and simultaneously keep good beam quality level. At present, a common spectrum synthesis system basically performs beam synthesis on a one-dimensional beam array, the synthesized one-dimensional beam array is arranged into a linear array according to one direction, the more the number of paths of synthesized laser is, the larger the dimension in the arrangement direction is, the larger the dimension of a corresponding optical element in the direction is, and the processing difficulty is greatly improved. Meanwhile, since the array is a one-dimensional array, the area of the optical element in the non-arrangement direction is not used, and the area utilization efficiency of the optical element is low.
In order to overcome the shortcomings of the conventional one-dimensional light beam array beam combining method, it is necessary to design a two-dimensional array spectrum combining device and a two-dimensional array spectrum combining method to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a two-dimensional array spectrum synthesis apparatus and a synthesis method thereof, which utilize two dispersion elements to synthesize two-dimensional array light beams into one light beam for outputting, thereby achieving the enhancement of laser power.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a two-dimensional array spectral synthesis apparatus, including a two-dimensional light beam array, a conversion optical device, a first dispersion element, a relay optical system, and a second dispersion element, which are arranged in this order along a light beam transmission direction; the two-dimensional array light beams output by the two-dimensional light beam array are collimated by the conversion optical device and then enter the first dispersion element, and the two-dimensional array light beams are converted into fan-shaped sub-light beams with different emergent angles in the same plane; the relay optical system is used for enabling the fan-shaped sub-beams to be incident to the second dispersing element at different angles and combining the fan-shaped sub-beams into a laser output beam under the action of the second dispersing element.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the two-dimensional beam array includes a plurality of laser sources uniformly arranged according to a preset number of rows and a preset number of columns, the wavelengths of the sub-beams emitted by the laser sources and the incident angles of the sub-beams entering the first dispersion element are determined based on the cone diffraction effect, and the arrangement intervals between the laser sources are determined according to the incident angles of the sub-beams entering the first dispersion element.
As a further improvement of the invention, the calculation formula based on the cone diffraction effect is as follows:
θ j =arcsin{[sin 2 θsin 2 φ+(sinθcosφ+jλ/Λ) 2 ] 1/2 /n l }
φ j =arctan[sinθsinφ/(sinθcosφ+jλ/Λ)]
where θ is the incident polar angle of the sub-beam on the first dispersive element, φ is the incident azimuth angle of the sub-beam on the first dispersive element, j is the diffraction order, θ j Is the exit polar angle of the sub-beam on the first dispersive element j Is the outgoing azimuth angle on the first dispersive element, λ is the wavelength of the sub-beam, Λ is the period of the first dispersive element; n is a radical of an alkyl radical l Is the refractive index of the first dispersive element.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the relay optical system is a 4F optical system.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the first dispersion element and the second dispersion element are respectively located at two focal positions of the relay optical system.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the dispersion directions of the first dispersion element and the second dispersion element have an included angle, and the included angle is not more than 90 °.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the first dispersion element and the second dispersion element are reflective dispersion elements or transmissive dispersion elements.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the laser source is one of a solid laser, a fiber laser, a gas laser, and a semiconductor laser, and the wavelength band of the light beam output by the laser source is one of an ultraviolet light wavelength band, a visible light wavelength band, and an infrared wavelength band.
As a further improvement of the invention, the conversion optical device comprises one or two combinations of a perspective mirror and a reflecting mirror.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a two-dimensional array spectrum synthesis method, including the following steps:
s1, designing the sub-beam wavelength and the arrangement interval of each laser source in a two-dimensional light beam array based on the conical diffraction effect; the two-dimensional array light beam output by the two-dimensional light beam array is made to enter a first dispersion element through a conversion optical device, and is subjected to the conical surface diffraction effect of the first dispersion element, so that the two-dimensional array light beam is converted into fan-shaped sub-light beams with different emergent angles in the same plane;
and S2, the fan-shaped sub beams with different emergent angles are incident to a relay optical system, and then are incident to a second dispersing element at different angles after being acted by the relay optical system, and the incident angle interval of the different fan-shaped sub beams on the second dispersing element is consistent with the emergent angle interval of the first dispersing element, so that the sub beams incident to the second dispersing element are acted by the second dispersing element to be combined into one laser beam to be output.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
1. the two-dimensional array spectrum synthesis device and the synthesis method thereof provided by the invention have the advantages that the two-dimensional array beam, the conversion optical device, the first dispersion element, the relay optical system and the second dispersion element are sequentially arranged along the beam transmission direction, so that the two-dimensional array beam output by the two-dimensional array beam is collimated by the conversion optical device and then enters the first dispersion element, and the two-dimensional array beam is converted into fan-shaped sub-beams with different emergent angles in the same plane; and then, the relay optical system is utilized to enable the fan-shaped sub-beams to enter the second dispersion element at different angles, the interval of the incident angles of the different fan-shaped sub-beams on the second dispersion element is consistent with the interval of the emergent angles of the first dispersion element, so that the sub-beams entering the second dispersion element are combined into a laser beam to be output through the action of the second dispersion element, and the two-dimensional array beam is combined.
2. Based on the two-dimensional array spectrum synthesis device and the synthesis method thereof provided by the invention, the traditional one-dimensional light beam array can be expanded to the two-dimensional array, the number of sub-light beams which can be synthesized by the spectrum synthesis device is increased, and further, the power expansion potential of the spectrum synthesis device is effectively improved, so that the laser power is improved. Meanwhile, the mode of expanding the one-dimensional light beam array to the two-dimensional array effectively improves the use efficiency of the optical element, can effectively reduce the volume of the spectrum synthesis device, and improves the compactness of the spectrum synthesis device. In addition, the two-dimensional array spectrum synthesis device provided by the invention has a simple structure, the synthesis method is simple, convenient and controllable, the wavelength and the arrangement interval of each laser source in the two-dimensional light beam array are designed in advance, the synthesis of the two-dimensional array light beams can be simply, conveniently and efficiently realized by a simple device, and the two-dimensional array spectrum synthesis device has higher practical application value.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-dimensional array spectrum synthesis apparatus provided by the present invention at a viewing angle.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-dimensional array spectrum synthesis device provided by the invention under another viewing angle.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of a two-dimensional light beam array in a two-dimensional array spectral synthesis apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of a two-dimensional light beam array in a two-dimensional array spectral synthesis apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals
1. A two-dimensional array of light beams; 2. a conversion optical device; 3. a first dispersion element; 4. a relay optical system; 5. a second dispersive element.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the aspects of the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not closely related to the present invention are omitted.
In addition, it is also to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the present invention provides a two-dimensional array spectral synthesis apparatus, including a two-dimensional light beam array 1, a conversion optical apparatus 2, a first dispersion element 3, a relay optical system 4, and a second dispersion element 5, which are arranged in this order along a light beam transmission direction; the two-dimensional array light beams output by the two-dimensional light beam array 1 are collimated by the conversion optical device 2 and then enter the first dispersion element 3, and the two-dimensional array light beams are converted into fan-shaped sub-light beams with different emergent angles in the same plane; the relay optical system 4 is configured to make the fan-shaped sub-beams enter the second dispersing element 5 at different angles, and combine the fan-shaped sub-beams into a laser output through the second dispersing element 5.
So set up, can expand traditional one-dimensional light beam array to two-dimensional array, improved the sub-beam quantity that the spectrum synthesizer can synthesize, and then effectively promoted the power extension potentiality of spectrum synthesizer to realize the promotion of laser power. Meanwhile, the mode of expanding the one-dimensional light beam array to the two-dimensional array effectively improves the use efficiency of the optical element, can effectively reduce the volume of the spectrum synthesis device, and improves the compactness of the spectrum synthesis device.
Wherein the first dispersive element 3 is located at a focal position of the conversion optical device 2, and the first dispersive element 3 and the second dispersive element 5 are respectively located at two focal positions of the relay optical system 4; the dispersion directions of the first dispersion element 3 and the second dispersion element 5 are not uniform, and an included angle of not more than 90 ° exists. The two-dimensional light beam array 1 comprises a plurality of laser sources uniformly arranged according to a preset number of rows and a preset number of columns, the wavelengths of sub-beams emitted by the laser sources and the incident angles of the sub-beams entering the first dispersion element 3 are determined based on a cone diffraction effect, the arrangement intervals between the laser sources are determined according to the incident angles of the sub-beams entering the first dispersion element 3, and the two-dimensional light beam array 1 is used for enabling the two-dimensional light beam array output by each laser source to be incident on the first dispersion element 3 through the conversion optical device 2 and converting the two-dimensional light beam array into fan-shaped sub-light beams with different emergent angles in the same plane under the cone diffraction effect of the first dispersion element 3.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, fifteen different laser light sources are uniformly arranged in three rows and five columns to form a two-dimensional light beam array 1, with the direction corresponding to the X axis as a row and the direction corresponding to the Y axis as a column; wherein, the laser sources in the first row are sequentially represented as 1-1-01, 1-1-02, 1-1-03, 1-1-04 and 1-1-05; the laser sources in the second row are sequentially represented as 1-2-01, 1-2-02, 1-2-03, 1-2-04 and 1-2-05; the laser sources of the second row are denoted 1-3-01, 1-3-02, 1-3-03, 1-3-04, 1-3-05 in sequence. In this embodiment, the wavelength and the arrangement interval of the sub-beams of each laser source in the two-dimensional beam array 1 are determined based on the cone diffraction effect, and the specific method is as follows:
taking the laser sources in the second row as an example, first, a sub-beam wavelength is preset for the laser source 1-2-03 located at the central position, and the sub-beam wavelength can be arbitrarily selected to meet the output spectrum of the laser source, then, the incident angle of the sub-beam entering the first dispersion element 3 is determined according to the located position of the laser source 1-2-03 and the focal length of the conversion optical device, and the incident angle includes the polar angle of incidence and the azimuth angle of incidence, and then the exit angle of the diffracted light of the sub-beam is calculated according to the calculation formula of the cone diffraction effect as shown below:
θ j =arcsin{[sin 2 θsin 2 φ+(sinθcosφ+jλ/Λ) 2 ] 1/2 /n l }
φ j =arctan[sinθsinφ/(sinθcosφ+jλ/Λ)]
in the above formula, θ is the incident polar angle of the sub-beam on the first dispersive element 3, φ is the incident azimuth angle of the sub-beam on the first dispersive element 3, j is the diffraction order, θ j Is the exit polar angle, phi, of the sub-beam on the first dispersive element 3 j Is the emission azimuth angle on the first dispersive element 3, λ is the wavelength of the sub-beam, Λ is the period of the first dispersive element; n is l Is the refractive index of the first dispersion element, n is n if the first dispersion element 3 is a reflective dispersion element l The value is 1, if the first dispersion element 3 is a transmission dispersion element, n l Is the refractive index of the material of the transmissive dispersive element.
After the exit angle of the sub-beams emitted by the laser source 1-2-03 on the first dispersive element 3 is determined by the above formula, in order to ensure that the sub-beams emitted by the remaining laser sources form fan-shaped sub-beams with different exit angles in the same plane with the laser source 1-2-03 after exiting on the first dispersive element 3, the exit angles required by the remaining laser sources can be selected, and then the incident angle of each sub-beam emitted by the first dispersive element 3 entering the second dispersive element 5 is determined according to the included angle between the dispersive action directions of the first dispersive element 3 and the second dispersive element 5. Similarly, according to the formula for calculating the cone diffraction effect, the emission angle of the laser beam can be calculated from the sub-beam wavelength of the laser source 1-2-03 and the incident angle of the laser beam entering the second dispersive element 5, and then the emission angle of the sub-beam corresponding to other laser sources can be determined to ensure that each sub-beam is combined into one laser output, and then the corresponding sub-beam wavelength can be calculated according to the incident angle and the emission angle of the other laser source entering the second dispersive element 5, and the incident angle of the corresponding laser beam on the first dispersive element 3 can be calculated according to the sub-beam wavelength of the corresponding laser source and the emission angle of the corresponding laser beam on the first dispersive element 3, and then the distance between the laser source and the laser source 1-2-03 located at the center can be calculated according to the incident angle.
By the above method, the arrangement interval between the sub-beam wavelength emitted by each laser source in the second row and each laser source can be determined, so that the sub-beam wavelength and each laser source are incident on the first dispersion element 3 at a set incidence angle interval, and under the conical surface diffraction effect of the first dispersion element 3, the incident laser beams of the laser sources 1-2-01, 1-2-02, 1-2-03, 1-2-04, and 1-2-05 are changed into fan-shaped sub-beams emitted along different angles in the YOZ plane; similarly, the laser sources in the first and second rows may also become fan-shaped sub-beams that exit at different angles in the YOZ plane. On the basis, after the sub-beams emitted by each laser source are acted by the first dispersion element 3 to form fan-shaped sub-beams in the same plane, the fan-shaped sub-beams can be further incident to the second dispersion element 5 through the relay optical system 4 and combined into one laser beam to be output, so that the two-dimensional array beam combination is realized.
Similarly, referring to fig. 4, in another embodiment of the present invention, the two-dimensional beam array 1 used may be formed by arranging six different laser sources uniformly in two rows and three columns, even if the arrangement of the laser sources is changed, the sub-beam wavelengths of the laser sources 1-1-02 and 1-2-02 located at the central positions may be preset in the above manner, and then the wavelengths and positions of the remaining laser sources may be determined in the above manner, so that the two-dimensional beam combination can be achieved. Therefore, in other embodiments of the present invention, the number of rows and the number of columns of each laser source in the two-dimensional light beam array 1 may also be adjusted as needed, which all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
More specifically, the laser source may be one of a solid laser, a fiber laser, a gas laser, and a semiconductor laser, and the wavelength band of the light beam output by the laser source may be one of an ultraviolet light wavelength band, a visible light wavelength band, and an infrared wavelength band; the conversion optics 2 may comprise a translens, a mirror or a combination of both lenses; the first dispersion element 3 and the second dispersion element 5 may be either a reflective dispersion element or a transmissive dispersion element; the relay optical system 4 is a 4F optical system. In one embodiment of the present invention, the laser source used is a solid laser, the conversion optical device 2 used is a transmission mirror, the first dispersive element 3 and the second dispersive element 5 are both reflective dispersive elements, and the relay optical system 4 is a 4F optical system composed of two transmission mirrors; in other embodiments of the present invention, other types of laser sources, conversion optical devices 2, first dispersion elements 3, relay optical systems 4, and second dispersion elements 5 may be selected according to needs, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
Based on the two-dimensional array spectrum synthesis device, the invention also provides a two-dimensional array spectrum synthesis method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the sub-beam wavelength and the arrangement interval of each laser source in the two-dimensional light beam array 1 based on the conical diffraction effect, and converting the two-dimensional array light beams output by the two-dimensional light beam array 1 into fan-shaped sub-light beams with different emergent angles in the same plane.
And S2, combining the sub-beams incident on the second dispersing element 5 at different angles into one laser beam and outputting the laser beam.
Specifically, the fan-shaped sub-beams having different exit angles and outputted from the first dispersing element 3 in step S1 are incident on the relay optical system 4, and then are incident on the second dispersing element 5 at different angles after being acted by the relay optical system 4, and the incident angle interval of the different fan-shaped sub-beams on the second dispersing element 5 is consistent with the exit angle interval of the different fan-shaped sub-beams on the first dispersing element 3, so that the sub-beams incident on the second dispersing element 5 are acted by the second dispersing element 5 and combined into one laser output.
Through the mode, the two-dimensional array light beam output by the two-dimensional light beam array is collimated by the conversion optical device and then enters the first dispersion element, and the two-dimensional array light beam is converted into the fan-shaped sub-light beams with different emergent angles in the same plane; and then, the relay optical system is utilized to enable the fan-shaped sub-beams to enter the second dispersion element at different angles, the interval of the incident angles of the different fan-shaped sub-beams on the second dispersion element is consistent with the interval of the emergent angles of the first dispersion element, so that the sub-beams entering the second dispersion element are combined into a laser beam to be output through the action of the second dispersion element, and the two-dimensional array beam combination is realized.
In summary, the invention provides a two-dimensional array spectrum synthesis device and a synthesis method thereof. The combining device comprises a two-dimensional light beam array, a conversion optical device, a first dispersion element, a relay optical system and a second dispersion element which are sequentially arranged along the light beam transmission direction; based on the synthesis device, the wavelength and the arrangement interval of each laser source in the two-dimensional light beam array are designed, so that the two-dimensional array light beams output by the two-dimensional light beam array are incident to a first dispersion element through a conversion optical device, and the two-dimensional array light beams are converted into fan-shaped sub-light beams with different emergent angles in the same plane; and then, a relay optical system is used for enabling the fan-shaped sub-beams to enter the second dispersion element at different angles, and the fan-shaped sub-beams are combined into a laser beam to be output under the action of the second dispersion element, so that the two-dimensional array beam is combined. Through the mode, the number of the sub-beams which can be synthesized by the spectrum synthesis device can be increased, so that the laser power is improved, and the use efficiency of the optical element is improved.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A two-dimensional array spectrum synthesis device is characterized in that: the optical system comprises a two-dimensional light beam array, a conversion optical device, a first dispersion element, a relay optical system and a second dispersion element which are sequentially arranged along the light beam transmission direction; the two-dimensional array light beams output by the two-dimensional light beam array are collimated by the conversion optical device and then enter the first dispersion element, and the two-dimensional array light beams are converted into fan-shaped sub-light beams with different emergent angles in the same plane; the relay optical system is used for enabling the fan-shaped sub-beams to be incident to the second dispersing element at different angles and combining the fan-shaped sub-beams into a laser beam output through the action of the second dispersing element; the two-dimensional light beam array comprises a plurality of laser sources which are uniformly arranged according to a preset number of rows and columns, the wavelengths of sub-beams emitted by the laser sources and the incidence angles of the sub-beams entering the first dispersion element are determined based on the cone diffraction effect, and the arrangement intervals among the laser sources are determined according to the incidence angles of the sub-beams entering the first dispersion element.
2. A two-dimensional array spectral synthesis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the calculation formula based on the cone diffraction effect is as follows:
θ j =arcsin{[sin 2 θsin 2 φ+(sinθcosφ+jλ/Λ) 2 ] 1/2 /n l }
φ j =arctan[sinθsinφ/(sinθcosφ+jλ/Λ)]
in the above formula, θ is the incident polar angle of the sub-beam on the first dispersion element, φ is the incident azimuth angle of the sub-beam on the first dispersion element, j is the diffraction order, θ j Is the exit polar angle of the sub-beam on the first dispersive element j Is the outgoing azimuth angle on the first dispersive element, λ is the wavelength of the sub-beam, Λ is the period of the first dispersive element; n is a radical of an alkyl radical l Is the refractive index of the first dispersive element.
3. A two-dimensional array spectral synthesis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the relay optical system is a 4F optical system.
4. A two-dimensional array spectral synthesis apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the first dispersion element and the second dispersion element are respectively located at two focal positions of the relay optical system.
5. A two-dimensional array spectral synthesis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the dispersion action directions of the first dispersion element and the second dispersion element form an included angle which is not more than 90 degrees.
6. A two-dimensional array spectral synthesis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the first dispersion element and the second dispersion element are reflective dispersion elements or transmissive dispersion elements.
7. A two-dimensional array spectral synthesis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the laser source is one of a solid laser, a fiber laser, a gas laser and a semiconductor laser, and the wave band of the light beam output by the laser source is one of an ultraviolet light wave band, a visible light wave band and an infrared wave band.
8. A two-dimensional array spectral synthesis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the conversion optical device comprises one or two combinations of a perspective mirror and a reflecting mirror.
9. A two-dimensional array spectrum synthesis method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, determining the sub-beam wavelength and the arrangement interval of each laser source in a two-dimensional light beam array based on a conical diffraction effect; the two-dimensional array light beam output by the two-dimensional light beam array is made to enter a first dispersion element through a conversion optical device, and is subjected to the conical surface diffraction effect of the first dispersion element, so that the two-dimensional array light beam is converted into fan-shaped sub-light beams with different emergent angles in the same plane;
and S2, the fan-shaped sub beams with different emergent angles are incident to a relay optical system, and then are incident to a second dispersing element at different angles after being acted by the relay optical system, and the incident angle interval of the different fan-shaped sub beams on the second dispersing element is consistent with the emergent angle interval of the first dispersing element, so that the sub beams incident to the second dispersing element are acted by the second dispersing element to be combined into a laser beam to be output.
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