CN115629114A - Soil pH detection method - Google Patents
Soil pH detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115629114A CN115629114A CN202211461866.3A CN202211461866A CN115629114A CN 115629114 A CN115629114 A CN 115629114A CN 202211461866 A CN202211461866 A CN 202211461866A CN 115629114 A CN115629114 A CN 115629114A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a soil pH detection method, which comprises the following steps: s1, soil sampling: collecting a soil sample M cubic centimeters at a single sampling point on site; s2, sample treatment: mixing the soil sample obtained in the step S1 with pure water to form a solid-liquid mixture of N cubic centimeters, wherein the volume ratio of the soil sample to the solid-liquid mixture satisfies the relation: m: N = 3: 8.5; then shaking up, standing for more than 5min after shaking up to obtain suspension of the mixture to be detected; s3, a measuring step: and (3) detecting the pH value of the suspension obtained in the step (S2), so as to obtain the pH value of the soil. The problem of long detection time of soil pH among the prior art is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for testing or analyzing materials by using an electric, electrochemical or magnetic method, in particular to a method for detecting the pH value of soil.
Background
The existing methods for measuring the pH of soil generally comprise the following steps: 1. field sampling: collecting a soil sample according to the requirements of an industry standard NY/T1121.01-2006 soil detection; 2. air-drying a soil sample: naturally air-drying in a room without direct sunlight, wherein the air-drying time generally needs more than 7 days; 3. grinding and sieving a soil sample: spreading the air-dried sample on a sample preparation plate, rolling by using a wood plate or plastic plate roller, removing plant residues, stones and other immersing bodies and neoplasms, removing broken plant fibrous roots by using an electrostatic adsorption method, and sieving the crushed soil sample with a 2 mm pore size; 4. and (3) detection: according to the requirements of the industrial standard NY/T1121.01-2006 soil detection, weighing 10 g of an air-dried sample passing through a 2 mm pore size sieve into a 50 cubic centimeter high beaker, adding 25 cubic centimeters of water (the soil-liquid ratio is 1: 2.5) for removing carbon dioxide, stirring for 1 minute by using a stirrer to fully disperse soil particles, standing for 30 minutes, and then measuring the pH value.
Therefore, the existing detection method is relatively complicated in operation, and the time from sampling to obtaining the detection result is relatively long. For some situations needing to obtain the detection result quickly, such as the search of the cause of vegetable diseases in a vegetable base, if the waiting time for obtaining the detection result is long, the time for taking measures is easy to miss along with the growth of the vegetables, and further, a great amount of economic loss is easy to cause.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil pH detection method to solve the problem of long soil pH detection time in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, a basic embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting pH of soil, comprising the steps of:
s1, sampling soil: collecting a soil sample M cubic centimeters at a single sampling point on site;
s2, sample treatment: mixing the soil sample obtained in the step S1 with pure water to form a solid-liquid mixture of N cubic centimeters, wherein the volume ratio of the soil sample to the solid-liquid mixture satisfies the relation: m: N = 3: 8.5; then shaking up, standing for more than 5min after shaking up to obtain suspension of the mixture to be detected;
s3, a measuring step: and (3) detecting the pH value of the suspension obtained in the step (S2), so as to obtain the pH value of the soil.
The beneficial effect of this basic scheme lies in: by comparing the result of soil detection by the detection method of the scheme with the result of soil detection by the detection method in the prior art described in the background art, the detection results of the two detection methods have small difference and are within a reasonable deviation range. By adopting the scheme, the solid-liquid mixture can be rapidly prepared after on-site sampling, the suspension of the solid-liquid mixture can be detected, and the pH value of the suspension obtained through the specific volume ratio of the soil sample to the solid-liquid mixture represents the pH value of the soil, so that the pH value of the soil can be rapidly obtained. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the method does not need to bring the soil back to a laboratory for treatment, so that a large amount of waiting time is saved, the pH value of the soil can be rapidly obtained on site by adopting the detection method of the scheme, and the detection efficiency of the pH value of the soil is greatly improved.
Further, the step S1 further comprises the steps of digging a slope of 15-20 cm at the sampling point, and scraping the slope from bottom to top by using a spoon to obtain the soil sample. By adopting the operation, the soil sample can be obtained quickly and accurately, so that the soil detection time is further shortened.
Further, in the step S1, the collected soil sample is 3 cubic centimeters. The volume of the soil sample is set to be 3 cubic centimeters, so that the detection result can truly reflect the pH value of the soil, and the phenomenon that a large amount of raw materials are consumed to increase the workload during detection can be avoided.
Further, in the step S1, the method further includes taking the relatively consistent land area to be detected as a detection unit, and performing point distribution sampling on the land area to be detected in the same detection unit in an S shape or a quincunx shape, wherein the number of the sampling points is at least 5. By adopting the operation, the accuracy of soil detection of the land area to be detected is further improved.
Further, in the step S3, the suspension is detected by a pen pH meter in the step S3, and the electrodes are rotated after the pen pH meter is inserted into the suspension. By adopting the operation, the detection operation is conveniently and quickly carried out, so that the detection result is quickly obtained, and the detection efficiency of the pH value of the soil is further improved.
Further, in the step S3, after the pH value of the soil displayed by the pen-type pH meter is recorded, the electrode of the pen-type pH meter is taken out, and then the electrode is cleaned with pure water and dried to perform the next measurement. By adopting the operation, the pen type pH meter can be quickly restored to the initial state during detection, thereby being beneficial to further shortening the detection time.
Further, the step S3 includes cleaning the pen type pH meter with pure water after all sampling points are measured, and then storing the electrodes of the pen type pH meter in a potassium chloride solution.
Detailed Description
In this protocol, a pen pH meter is a mature product in the prior art.
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
example (b): a soil pH detection method comprises the following steps:
s1, soil sampling: and taking the land area to be detected which is relatively consistent as a detection unit, and carrying out point distribution sampling on the land area to be detected in the same detection unit by adopting an S shape or a quincunx shape, wherein at least 5 sampling points are distributed in the same detection unit. Collecting a soil sample with the structure and the color consistent with those of the soil of the whole land at a single sampling point on the site by about 3 cubic centimeters, and placing the soil sample into a container; during specific sampling operation, an inclined plane with the depth of 15-20 cm is excavated at each sampling point, and a soil sample is obtained by scraping from bottom to top with a spoon. In this embodiment, the container is preferably a 15 cubic centimeter scale sample tube.
S2, sample treatment: and (3) adding pure water into the container with the sample in the step (S1) to 8.5 cubic centimeters to form a solid-liquid mixture, then covering the container with a cover, shaking up the mixture by hand, and standing the mixture for more than 5 minutes after shaking up the mixture to obtain the suspension of the mixture to be detected.
S3, a measuring step: and (3) inserting the calibrated pen-type pH meter into the suspension of the mixture to be detected obtained in the step (S2), and recording the pH value after the reading is stable. During specific operation, after the pen type pH meter is inserted into the suspension, the electrode of the pen type pH meter is slightly rotated, so that the quick and stable reading of the pen type pH meter is facilitated. And after the pH value of the soil displayed by the pen-type pH meter is recorded, taking out an electrode of the pen-type pH meter, cleaning the electrode by using pure water, and performing spin-drying to obtain the next measurement. After all the sampling points were measured, the pen pH meter was washed with pure water, and the electrodes of the pen pH meter were stored in a 3mol/L potassium chloride solution.
S4, result processing: the range of the pH detection values of all sampling points of the same detection unit is not more than 0.5 pH unit, if the range is more than 0.5 pH unit, outliers are removed, sampling points are added, and the average value is taken as the final result.
By comparing the detection method adopting the scheme with the existing laboratory detection method in 7 different plots, the obtained detection results are compared as follows:
for plot 1: the field detection method of the scheme is adopted for carrying out detection twice, and the obtained soil pH detection values are all 4.9; the laboratory detection method in the prior art is adopted for carrying out detection twice, and the obtained soil pH detection values are all 4.7. The results are within reasonable deviation.
For plot 2: the field detection method of the scheme is adopted to carry out detection twice, and the obtained soil pH detection values are 5.0 and 4.9 respectively; the laboratory detection method in the prior art is adopted for carrying out detection twice, and the obtained soil pH detection values are 5.0 and 5.1 respectively. The results are within reasonable deviation.
For plot 3: the field detection method of the scheme is adopted to carry out detection twice, and the obtained soil pH detection values are 4.6 and 4.4; the laboratory detection method in the prior art is adopted for carrying out detection twice, and the obtained soil pH detection values are all 4.6. The results are within reasonable deviation.
For plot 4: the field detection method of the scheme is adopted for carrying out detection twice, and the obtained soil pH detection values are all 4.8; the laboratory detection method in the prior art is adopted for carrying out detection twice, and the obtained soil pH detection values are 4.7 and 4.8 respectively. The results are within reasonable deviation.
For plot 5: the field detection method of the scheme is adopted to carry out detection twice, and the obtained soil pH detection values are 4.6 and 4.7 respectively; the laboratory detection method in the prior art is adopted for carrying out detection twice, and the obtained soil pH detection values are all 4.6. The results are within reasonable deviation.
For plot 6: the field detection method of the scheme is adopted for carrying out detection twice, and the obtained soil pH detection values are all 4.3; the laboratory detection method in the prior art is adopted for carrying out detection twice, and the obtained soil pH detection values are all 4.3.
For plot 7: the field detection method of the scheme is adopted to carry out detection twice, and the obtained soil pH detection values are 4.9 and 4.8 respectively; the laboratory detection method in the prior art is adopted for carrying out detection twice, and the obtained soil pH detection values are 4.7 and 4.8 respectively. The results are within reasonable deviation.
The comparison of the detection results of the 7 different plots shows that the deviation between the field detection result obtained by adopting the scheme and the detection result obtained by adopting laboratory detection is within a reasonable range, so that the detection method is proved to be feasible and effective, the detection time is greatly shortened, and the efficiency is remarkably improved.
Claims (7)
1. The method for detecting the pH value of the soil is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, soil sampling: collecting a soil sample M cubic centimeters at a single sampling point on site;
s2, sample treatment: mixing the soil sample obtained in the step S1 with pure water to form a solid-liquid mixture of N cubic centimeters, wherein the volume ratio of the soil sample to the solid-liquid mixture satisfies the relation: m: N = 3: 8.5; then shaking up, standing for more than 5min after shaking up to obtain suspension of the mixture to be detected;
s3, a measuring step: and (3) detecting the pH value of the suspension obtained in the step (S2), so as to obtain the pH value of the soil.
2. The method for detecting the pH of soil according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, a slope with the depth of 15-20 cm is dug at a sampling point, and a soil sample is obtained by scraping from bottom to top with a spoon.
3. The method for detecting the pH of soil according to claim 2, wherein: in the step S1, the collected soil sample is 3 cubic centimeters.
4. The method for detecting the pH of soil according to claim 3, wherein: and in the step S1, the land area to be detected with relatively consistent contrast is used as a detection unit, the same detection unit is subjected to point distribution sampling by adopting an S shape or a quincunx shape, and the number of sampling points is at least 5.
5. The method for detecting pH of soil according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: in the step S3, the suspension is detected by using a pen-type pH meter, and the electrodes are rotated after the pen-type pH meter is inserted into the suspension.
6. The method for detecting pH of soil according to claim 5, wherein: and in the step S3, after the pH value of the soil displayed by the pen-type pH meter is recorded, taking out an electrode of the pen-type pH meter, cleaning the electrode by using pure water, and performing spin-drying to obtain the next measurement.
7. The method for detecting the pH of soil according to claim 6, wherein: and in the step S3, after all sampling points are measured, cleaning the pen-type pH meter by using pure water, and then storing the electrode of the pen-type pH meter in a potassium chloride solution.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211461866.3A CN115629114A (en) | 2022-11-17 | 2022-11-17 | Soil pH detection method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211461866.3A CN115629114A (en) | 2022-11-17 | 2022-11-17 | Soil pH detection method |
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| CN115629114A true CN115629114A (en) | 2023-01-20 |
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| CN202211461866.3A Pending CN115629114A (en) | 2022-11-17 | 2022-11-17 | Soil pH detection method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202009014978U1 (en) * | 2009-09-07 | 2010-04-15 | ecoTech Umwelt-Meßsysteme GmbH | Online measuring system for pH values in soils |
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-
2022
- 2022-11-17 CN CN202211461866.3A patent/CN115629114A/en active Pending
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