CN115628240B - Gas-liquid linkage speed regulating system based on super-magnetostrictive pneumatic valve - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a gas-liquid linkage speed regulating system based on a giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve, which comprises a control oil cylinder, a gas-liquid linkage cylinder, a mechanical speed regulating assembly, a power oil cylinder and a giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve. The upper cavity of the control oil cylinder is connected with the rod cavity of the gas-liquid linkage cylinder, the middle cavity of the control oil cylinder is connected with the upper cavity of the mechanical speed regulation assembly, and the rodless cavity of the gas-liquid linkage cylinder is connected with the elongated hole of the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve. The upper cavity of the mechanical speed regulation assembly is connected with the rodless cavity of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder, the second end of the upper cavity in the mechanical speed regulation assembly is connected with the rod cavity of the power oil cylinder, the lower cavity of the mechanical speed regulation assembly is connected with the rod cavity of the gas-liquid linkage cylinder, and the first end of the spring cavity of the power oil cylinder is connected with the rodless cavity of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder. The first outlet of the air source is connected with the primary air inlet of the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve, and the second outlet of the air source is connected with the secondary air inlet of the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve. The invention is provided with the combination of two gas-liquid linkage cylinders and each sensor, thereby realizing the accurate control of the position of the piston and improving the control precision of the speed regulating system.

Description

Gas-liquid linkage speed regulating system based on super-magnetostrictive pneumatic valve

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a gas-liquid linkage speed regulating system based on a giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve.

Background

Since the advent of engines, engines have been widely used in agriculture, industry, transportation, and other fields because of their high thermal efficiency, excellent power performance, and fuel economy. However, in actual operation of the engine, which is the most widely used prime mover, has its rotational speed suddenly increased or decreased due to a change in load, which affects the operating performance of the engine. Therefore, how to automatically adjust the fuel supply amount of the engine to keep the engine speed stable within a certain range becomes a main problem restricting the development of the engine.

The speed regulating system is used as an extremely important speed control part of the engine, can automatically regulate the fuel supply quantity of the engine according to the change of the external load on the engine, ensures the stable rotating speed of the engine and has good working performance. The performance and the service life of the engine can be directly influenced by the quality of the speed regulating system, so that how to design a more ideal speed regulating system is very important for the development of the engine.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a gas-liquid linkage speed regulating system based on a giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve, which is mainly characterized in that the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve with electromagnetic and pneumatic combination, a gas-liquid linkage cylinder and a control oil cylinder are used for controlling the opening and closing of each gas channel and each oil channel to control the flow of oil in the oil cylinder, so that a speed regulating piston in a mechanical speed regulating assembly is accurately controlled to be always positioned in the middle of a piston sleeve, the movement of a power piston in the power oil cylinder is controlled, the quick regulation of the fuel quantity of an engine is completed, the performance of the engine is improved, and the service life of the engine is prolonged.

The invention provides a gas-liquid linkage speed regulating system based on a giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve, which comprises an oil tank, an oil return pipe, a throttle valve, an oil filter, a variable pump, an overflow valve, a control oil cylinder, a one-way valve, an oil supplementing cup, an oil mist separator, a gas-liquid linkage cylinder, a mechanical speed regulating assembly, a power oil cylinder, a giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve and an electronic control unit. The inlet end of the variable pump is connected with the first end of the oil tank through an oil filter, the first outlet end of the variable pump is connected with a first oil passage of a control oil cylinder middle cavity, the second outlet end of the variable pump is connected with the second end of the oil tank through an overflow valve, the first end of the oil passage of the control oil cylinder upper cavity is connected with a first oil passage of a rod cavity of the gas-liquid linkage cylinder, the second end of the oil passage of the control oil cylinder upper cavity is connected with the control oil supplementing cup through a control check valve, the second oil passage of the control oil cylinder middle cavity is connected with the first end of the upper cavity of the mechanical speed regulation assembly, the oil passage of the control oil cylinder spring cavity is connected with the third end of the oil tank through a control oil cylinder oil return pipe, and the gas passage of the gas-liquid linkage cylinder rodless cavity is connected with the supermagnetic actuating elongated hole through a rear oil mist separator. The mechanical speed regulation assembly upper cavity is connected with a first oil path channel of a rodless cavity of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder through a front electric control throttle valve, a lower cavity in the mechanical speed regulation assembly is connected with a fourth end of the oil tank through a mechanical speed regulation oil return pipe, a second end of the upper cavity in the mechanical speed regulation assembly is connected with a rod cavity of the power cylinder, the mechanical speed regulation assembly lower cavity is connected with a second oil path channel of the rod cavity of the spring cavity of the power cylinder through a rear electric control throttle valve and the second oil path channel of the rodless cavity of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder, a second end of the spring cavity of the power cylinder is connected with the power oil supplementing cup through a power one-way valve, and a gas channel of the rod cavity of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder is connected with a gas path where the pneumatic one-way valve is located sequentially through the electric control pneumatic throttle valve and the front oil mist separator. A first outlet of the air source is connected with a primary air inlet of the giant magneto pneumatic valve through a throttle valve, and a second outlet of the air source is connected with a secondary air inlet of the giant magneto pneumatic valve through a pneumatic one-way valve; the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve comprises a giant magnetostrictive pneumatic nozzle baffle valve and a ball head rod piston pneumatic valve, wherein in the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic nozzle baffle valve, the upper end of a giant magnetostrictive rod is positioned in a groove at the lower end of the cooling zero adjustment assembly, the lower end of the giant magnetostrictive rod is contacted with a groove at the upper end of a baffle plate, the groove at the lower end of the baffle plate is connected with the nozzle rubber sealing element, a spring seat at the lower end of the baffle plate is connected with the primary spring, the inner side of the coil framework is respectively connected with the cooling zero adjustment assembly and the outer side mounting end of the baffle plate, a coil is arranged on the outer side of the coil framework, and the fixed end of the coil framework is connected with the permanent magnet; in the bulb pole piston pneumatic valve, the both ends of secondary spring respectively with the spring holder in secondary spring chamber with pneumatic piston's installation end is connected, the middle part of spring holder is equipped with the short-circuit hole in the secondary spring chamber, bulb pole middle part is equipped with bulb pole rubber seal, bulb pole piston pneumatic valve has the center of pole chamber lower extreme to be equipped with the bell mouth, the axis of bell mouth with the axis of short-circuit hole is on same straight line, the screw thread end of bulb pole pass through the short-circuit hole with pneumatic piston's threaded end is connected, the bulb end of bulb pole with the bell mouth contact.

Preferably, the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve comprises a giant magnetostrictive pneumatic nozzle baffle valve and a ball head rod piston pneumatic valve, the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic nozzle baffle valve comprises a cooling zero adjustment assembly, a coil framework, a coil, a permanent magnet, a primary exhaust hole, a nozzle, a primary spring, a nozzle rubber sealing element, a baffle, a giant magnetostrictive rod and an upper cavity, a shell of the cooling zero adjustment assembly is connected with a central mounting end inside the upper end of the upper cavity, the nozzle is arranged inside the lower end of the upper cavity close to the middle position, a primary spring cavity is arranged inside the lower end of the upper cavity, and a primary exhaust hole is arranged at one end of the primary spring cavity.

Preferably, the cooling zero setting assembly comprises a circular stop block, a cylindrical sliding block, a shell, a square movable rod and a circular end cover, wherein the circular end cover is connected with the central mounting end inside the upper end of the shell, a through hole at the center of the circular end cover is connected with the first end of the square movable rod, the lower end at the center of the circular end cover is connected with the first end of the circular stop block, the second end of the circular stop block is connected with the second end of the square movable rod through a thin pin, the third end of the square movable rod is connected with the first end of the cylindrical sliding block through a thick pin, the second end of the cylindrical sliding block is connected with the upper end of the giant magnetostrictive rod, and an oil inlet channel and an oil outlet channel are symmetrically distributed at two ends of the shell.

Preferably, the ball rod piston pneumatic valve includes a first-stage air inlet, a pneumatic piston, a second-stage spring, a short hole, a second-stage air inlet, a ball rod rubber sealing element, a taper hole, a ball rod, a long hole, a through hole rubber sealing element, a second-stage exhaust hole and a lower cavity, the inside of the lower cavity is sequentially provided with a ball rod piston pneumatic valve upper cavity, a second-stage spring cavity, a ball rod piston pneumatic valve lower cavity from the upper end to the lower end, one end of the ball rod piston pneumatic valve upper cavity is provided with the first-stage air inlet, the pneumatic piston is located between the ball rod piston pneumatic valve upper cavity and the second-stage spring cavity, the piston rod end of the pneumatic piston is connected with the through hole rubber sealing element, one end of the second-stage spring cavity is provided with the second-stage exhaust hole, one side of the ball rod piston pneumatic valve having the rod cavity is provided with the long hole, and one side of the ball rod piston pneumatic valve lower cavity is provided with the second-stage air inlet.

Preferably, the control oil cylinder comprises a control oil cylinder displacement sensor, a control piston and a control spring, and the control oil cylinder displacement sensor, the control piston and the control spring are sequentially installed in the control oil cylinder from top to bottom.

Preferably, the mechanical speed regulation assembly comprises a fixing plate, a speed regulation spring, a thrust bearing, a flyweight sleeve, a rotation speed sensor, a piston sleeve, a speed regulation piston and a mechanical speed regulation assembly displacement sensor, wherein the fixing plate is connected with the first end of the speed regulation spring, the second end of the speed regulation spring is connected with the first end of the speed regulation piston through the thrust bearing, the second end of the speed regulation piston is located inside the piston sleeve, the tail part of the flyweight is in contact with the lower end of the thrust bearing, the head part of the flyweight is connected with the first end of the flyweight sleeve, the second end of the flyweight sleeve is connected with the piston sleeve, the rotation speed sensor is arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the piston sleeve, and the mechanical speed regulation assembly displacement sensor is arranged inside the lower end of the piston sleeve.

Preferably, the power oil cylinder comprises a power spring and a power piston, and the power spring and the power piston are sequentially arranged in the power oil cylinder from top to bottom. The lower end of the power piston is connected with an engine fuel quantity supply switch.

Preferably, a reverse gas-liquid linkage piston is arranged in the gas-liquid linkage cylinder; the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder comprises a pneumatic spring and a forward gas-liquid linkage piston, and the pneumatic spring and the forward gas-liquid linkage piston are sequentially installed inside the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder from top to bottom.

Preferably, the control end of the electronic control unit is respectively connected with the rear electric control throttle valve, the front electric control throttle valve, the electric control pneumatic throttle valve, the control oil cylinder displacement sensor, the rotating speed sensor, the mechanical speed regulation assembly displacement sensor and the coil.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve is provided with the cooling zero-setting assembly, so that the mounting precision of the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve is reduced, and the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve is easy to mount; the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve adopts a mode of combining electromagnetism and pneumatics, and has high response speed.

2. The invention is provided with two gas-liquid linkage cylinders, which not only can reduce the cost of oil, but also can realize the compensation and control of an oil way, and can realize the accurate control of the position of the piston by combining with each sensor, thereby increasing the control precision of the speed regulating system.

3. The electric-gas-liquid combined control provided by the invention not only reduces the cost of oil, but also can realize compensation and control on an oil way and improve the response speed of the pneumatic valve. When the mechanical speed regulating assembly fails, the speed regulating assembly starts the sensor, and the speed is regulated by the electric-gas-liquid combined control, so that the rotating speed of the engine can be normally regulated, the beneficial effect of controlling the rotating speed stability of the engine is realized, the accurate control of the position of a piston in the hydraulic cylinder can be realized, and the control precision of a speed regulating system is improved.

4. The electric-gas-liquid devices are connected to form the speed regulating system with the redundancy backup, so that the speed regulating system can still normally work when the mechanical speed regulating part fails, the problem of unstable rotating speed of the engine during working is solved, the performance of the engine is effectively improved, and the service life of the engine is prolonged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall structure diagram of a gas-liquid linkage speed regulating system based on a giant magneto pneumatic valve;

FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a control oil cylinder in the gas-liquid linkage speed regulating system based on the giant magneto pneumatic valve;

FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a gas-liquid linkage cylinder in the gas-liquid linkage speed regulating system based on the giant magneto pneumatic valve;

FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a mechanical speed regulating assembly in the gas-liquid linkage speed regulating system based on the giant magneto pneumatic valve;

FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a power oil cylinder in the gas-liquid linkage speed regulating system based on the giant magneto pneumatic valve;

FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder in the gas-liquid linkage speed regulating system based on the giant magneto pneumatic valve;

FIG. 7 is an overall structure diagram of the giant magneto pneumatic valve in the gas-liquid linkage speed regulating system based on the giant magneto pneumatic valve of the invention;

FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of a cooling zero-setting component of the giant magnetostrictive valve in the gas-liquid linkage speed regulating system based on the giant magnetostrictive valve.

The main reference numbers:

an oil tank 1, a control cylinder oil return pipe 2, a mechanical speed regulation oil return pipe 3, a rear-mounted electronic control throttle valve 4, an oil filter 5, a variable pump 6, an overflow valve 7, a control cylinder 8, a control check valve 9, a control oil supplement cup 10, a rear-mounted oil mist separator 11, a gas-liquid linkage cylinder 12, a mechanical speed regulation assembly 13, a power cylinder 14, a front-mounted electronic control throttle valve 15, a power check valve 16, a power oil supplement cup 17, a spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder 18, an electronic control pneumatic throttle valve 19, a front-mounted oil mist separator 20, a pneumatic check valve 21, a gas source 22, a throttle valve 23, a super-magnetic pneumatic valve 24, a cooling oil source 25, an electronic control unit 26, a control cylinder displacement sensor 27, a control piston 28, a control spring 29, a control cylinder spring cavity 30, a control cylinder middle cavity 31, a control cylinder upper cavity 32, a reverse gas-liquid linkage piston 33, a gas-liquid linkage cylinder rodless cavity 34, a gas-liquid linkage cylinder rod cavity 35, a fixed plate 36, a speed regulating spring 37, a thrust bearing 38, a flyweight 39, a flyweight sleeve 40, a rotation speed sensor 41, a piston sleeve 42, a speed regulating piston 43, a mechanical speed regulating displacement sensor 44, a mechanical speed regulating component lower cavity 45, a mechanical speed regulating component lower cavity 46, a mechanical speed regulating component upper cavity 47, a mechanical speed regulating component upper cavity 48, a power spring 49, a power piston 50, a power cylinder rod cavity 51, a power cylinder spring cavity 52, a pneumatic spring 53, a forward gas-liquid linkage piston 54, a spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder rodless cavity 55, a spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder rod cavity 56, a cooling zero-adjusting component 57, a coil framework 58, a coil 59, a permanent magnet 60, a primary exhaust hole 61, a primary air inlet hole 62, a pneumatic piston 63, a secondary spring cavity 64, a secondary spring 65, a short hole 66, a secondary air inlet hole 67, a ball head rod piston pneumatic valve rod cavity 68, the device comprises a ball rod rubber sealing piece 69, a taper hole 70, a ball rod piston pneumatic valve lower cavity 71, a ball rod 72, an elongated hole 73, a through hole rubber sealing piece 74, a secondary exhaust hole 75, a ball rod piston pneumatic valve upper cavity 76, a nozzle 77, a primary spring cavity 78, a primary spring 79, a nozzle rubber sealing piece 80, a baffle plate 81, a cooling cavity 82, a giant magnetostrictive rod 83, a thin pin 84, a circular stop 85, a thick pin 86, an oil inlet channel 87, a cylindrical sliding block 88, a shell 89, an oil outlet channel 90, a square movable rod 91, a circular end cover 92, an upper cavity 93 and a lower cavity 94.

Detailed Description

The technical contents, structural features, attained objects and effects of the present invention are explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The gas-liquid linkage speed regulating system based on the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve is shown in figure 1 and comprises an oil tank 1, a control oil cylinder oil return pipe 2, a mechanical speed regulating oil return pipe 3, a rear electric control throttle valve 4, an oil filter 5, a variable pump 6, an overflow valve 7, a control oil cylinder 8, a control check valve 9, a control oil supplementing cup 10, a rear oil mist separator 11, a gas-liquid linkage cylinder 12, a mechanical speed regulating assembly 13, a power oil cylinder 14, a front electric control throttle valve 15, a power check valve 16, a power oil supplementing cup 17, a spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder 18, an electric control pneumatic throttle valve 19, a front oil mist separator 20, a pneumatic check valve 21, a throttle valve 23, a giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve 24 and an electronic control unit 26. In the figure, a solid line is an oil pipeline, a dotted line is a gas pipeline, and a single-point line is a circuit.

The inlet end of a variable pump 6 is connected with the first end of an oil tank 1 through an oil filter 5, the first outlet end of the variable pump 6 is connected with a first oil channel of a control oil cylinder middle cavity 31, the second outlet end of the variable pump 6 is connected with the second end of the oil tank 1 through an overflow valve 7, the first end of the oil channel of the control oil cylinder upper cavity 32 is connected with the first oil channel of a rod cavity 35 of a gas-liquid linkage cylinder, the second end of the oil channel of the control oil cylinder upper cavity 32 is connected with a control oil supplementing cup 10 through a control one-way valve 9, the second oil channel of the control oil cylinder middle cavity 31 is connected with the first end of an upper cavity 47 in a mechanical speed regulation assembly, the oil channel of a control oil cylinder spring cavity 30 is connected with the third end of the oil tank 1 through a control oil cylinder oil return pipe 2, and the gas channel of a gas-liquid linkage cylinder rodless cavity 34 is connected with an elongated hole 73 of a super-magnetic pneumatic valve 24 through a postposition oil mist separator 11.

The mechanical speed regulation assembly upper cavity 48 is connected with a first oil path channel of a spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder rodless cavity 55 through a preposed electric control throttle valve 15, a lower cavity 46 in the mechanical speed regulation assembly is connected with a fourth end of an oil tank 1 through a mechanical speed regulation oil return pipe 3, a second end of an upper cavity 47 in the mechanical speed regulation assembly is connected with a power cylinder rod cavity 51, a mechanical speed regulation assembly lower cavity 45 is connected with a second oil path channel of a gas-liquid linkage cylinder rod cavity 35 through a postposition electric control throttle valve 4, a first end of a power cylinder spring cavity 52 is connected with a second oil path channel of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder rodless cavity 55, a second end of the power cylinder spring cavity 52 is connected with a power oil supplementing cup 17 through a power one-way valve 16, and a gas path of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder rod cavity 56 is connected with a gas path of the pneumatic one-way valve 21 sequentially through an electric control pneumatic throttle valve 19 and a preposed oil mist separator 20.

The first outlet of the air source 22 is connected with a primary air inlet 62 of the super-pneumatic valve 24 through the throttle valve 23, the second outlet of the air source 22 is connected with a secondary air inlet 67 of the super-pneumatic valve 24 through the pneumatic one-way valve 21, and the control end of the electronic control unit 26 is respectively connected with the rear electric control throttle valve 4, the front electric control throttle valve 15, the electric control pneumatic throttle valve 19, the control cylinder displacement sensor 27, the rotating speed sensor 41, the mechanical speed regulation assembly displacement sensor 44 and the coil 59.

The giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve 24, as shown in fig. 7, comprises a giant magnetostrictive pneumatic nozzle flapper valve and a ball-head rod piston pneumatic valve, the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic nozzle flapper valve comprises a cooling zero-adjusting component 57, a coil skeleton 58, a coil 59, a permanent magnet 60, a primary vent 61, a nozzle 77, a primary spring 79, a nozzle rubber seal 80, a baffle 81, a giant magnetostrictive rod 83 and an upper cavity 93, a shell 89 of the cooling zero-adjusting component 57 is connected with a central mounting end inside the upper end of the upper cavity 93, a nozzle 77 is arranged inside the lower end of the upper cavity 93 near the middle position, a primary spring cavity 78 is arranged inside the lower end of the upper cavity 93, one end of the primary spring cavity 78 is provided with the primary vent 61, the primary vent 61 is connected to the atmosphere, the upper end of the giant magnetostrictive rod 83 is arranged in a groove at the lower end of the cooling zero-adjusting component 57, the lower end of the giant magnetostrictive rod 83 is in contact with a groove at the upper end of the baffle 81, a groove at the lower end of the baffle 81 is connected with the nozzle rubber seal 80, the contact between the contact point of the lower end of the primary vent 61 and the primary spring cavity 79, the primary spring 79 is in contact with the inner wall of the bottom of the upper cavity 93, the coil skeleton 58 and the coil skeleton 58, the permanent magnet skeleton 58, the outer side of the coil skeleton 58, the coil skeleton 58 is connected with the permanent magnet 58, the permanent magnet skeleton 58, the permanent magnet 58, and the permanent magnet skeleton 58, and the outer side of the coil skeleton 58, and the coil skeleton 58.

The cooling zero adjustment assembly 57, as shown in fig. 8, includes a thin pin 84, a circular block 85, a thick pin 86, an oil inlet passage 87, a cylindrical slider 88, a housing 89, an oil outlet passage 90, a square movable rod 91 and a circular end cap 92, where the outer rings of the housing 89 and the circular end cap 92 are threaded, the circular end cap 92 is connected to the central mounting end inside the upper end of the housing 89, a rectangular through hole at the center of the circular end cap 92 is connected to the first end of the square movable rod 91, the rectangular through hole is scaled from the middle to both ends, the lower end at the center of the circular end cap 92 is connected to the first end of the circular block 85, the second end of the circular block 85 is connected to the second end of the square movable rod 91 through the thin pin 84, the third end of the square movable rod 91 is connected to the first end of the cylindrical slider 88 through the thick pin 86, the second end of the cylindrical slider 88 is connected to the upper end of the giant magnetostrictive rod 83, the oil inlet passage 87 and the oil outlet passage 90 are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the housing 89, the inner wall of the coil bobbin 59 and the outer wall of the giant magnetostrictive rod 83 form a cooling chamber 82, and the cooling oil outlet passage 82 from the cooling oil source 25 and the cooling oil outlet passage 90.

The ball rod piston pneumatic valve, as shown in fig. 7, includes a primary air inlet 62, a pneumatic piston 63, a secondary spring 64, a short hole 66, a secondary air inlet 67, a ball rod rubber sealing element 69, a tapered hole 70, a ball rod 72, an elongated hole 73, a through hole rubber sealing element 74, a secondary air outlet 75 and a lower cavity 94, wherein the lower cavity 94 is provided with a ball rod piston pneumatic valve upper cavity 76, a secondary spring cavity 64, a ball rod piston pneumatic valve having a rod cavity 68 and a ball rod piston pneumatic valve lower cavity 71 in sequence from the upper end to the lower end, one end of the ball rod piston pneumatic valve upper cavity 76 is provided with the primary air inlet 62, the pneumatic piston 63 is located between the ball rod piston pneumatic valve upper cavity 76 and the secondary spring cavity 64, the piston rod end of the pneumatic piston 63 is connected with the through hole rubber sealing element 74, one end of the secondary spring cavity 64 is provided with the secondary air outlet 75, and the secondary air outlet 75 is connected to the atmosphere.

One side of the ball rod piston pneumatic valve with a rod cavity 68 is provided with an elongated hole 73, one side of a lower cavity 71 of the ball rod piston pneumatic valve is provided with a secondary air inlet hole 67, two ends of a secondary spring 65 are respectively connected with a spring seat of the secondary spring cavity 64 and an installation end of the pneumatic piston 63, a short hole 66 is arranged in the middle of the spring seat in the secondary spring cavity 64, a ball rod rubber sealing piece 69 is arranged in the middle of a ball rod 72, a conical hole 70 is arranged in the center of the lower end of the rod cavity 68 of the ball rod piston pneumatic valve, the axis of the conical hole 70 and the axis of the short hole 66 are on the same straight line, the threaded end of the ball rod 72 is connected with the threaded end of the pneumatic piston 63 through the short hole 66, and the ball end of the ball rod 72 is in contact with the conical hole 70.

As shown in fig. 2, the control cylinder 8 includes a control cylinder displacement sensor 27, a control piston 28, and a control spring 29, and the control cylinder displacement sensor 27, the control piston 28, and the control spring 29 are sequentially installed in the control cylinder 8 from top to bottom.

As shown in fig. 4, the mechanical governor assembly 13 includes a fixing plate 36, a governor spring 37, a thrust bearing 38, a flyweight 39, a flyweight sleeve 40, a rotation speed sensor 41, a piston sleeve 42, a governor piston 43, and a mechanical governor assembly displacement sensor 44, wherein the fixing plate 36 is fixed, the fixing plate 36 is connected to a first end of the governor spring 37, a second end of the governor spring 37 is connected to a first end of the governor piston 43 through the thrust bearing 38, a second end of the governor piston 43 is located inside the piston sleeve 42, a tail of the flyweight 39 contacts a lower end of the thrust bearing 38, a head of the flyweight 39 is connected to a first end of the flyweight sleeve 40, a second end of the flyweight sleeve 40 is connected to the piston sleeve 42, the rotation speed sensor 41 is disposed outside an upper end of the piston sleeve 42, and the mechanical governor assembly displacement sensor 44 is disposed inside a lower end of the piston sleeve 42.

The power cylinder 14, as shown in fig. 5, includes a power spring 49 and a power piston 50, and the power spring 49 and the power piston 50 are sequentially installed in the power cylinder 14 from top to bottom. The lower end of the power piston 50 is connected to an engine fuel quantity supply switch.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a reverse gas-liquid linkage piston 33 is provided inside the gas-liquid linkage cylinder 12, wherein a rodless chamber 34 of the gas-liquid linkage cylinder is filled with gas, and a rod chamber 35 of the gas-liquid linkage cylinder is filled with oil. The spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder 18, as shown in fig. 6, includes a pneumatic spring 53 and a forward gas-liquid linkage piston 54, and the pneumatic spring 53 and the forward gas-liquid linkage piston 54 are sequentially installed inside the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder 18 from top to bottom; wherein, the rod cavity of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder is filled with gas, and the rodless cavity of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder is filled with oil.

The invention further describes a gas-liquid linkage speed regulating system based on a giant magnetostrictive valve by combining with an embodiment:

the specific working process of the gas-liquid linkage speed regulating system based on the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve is as follows:

before the governor system is operated, the super-pneumatic valve 24 is zeroed: the magnetostrictive rod 83 is adjusted to a proper position by moving the square movable rod 91 leftward or rightward to move the cylindrical slider 88 up and down. The temperature of the giant magnetostrictive rod 83 rises due to the influence of the magnetic field during operation, and when the temperature rises to a certain degree, the giant magnetostrictive rod 83 loses its expansion and contraction characteristics temporarily, and therefore, it needs to be cooled. Cooling oil is introduced into the oil inlet passage 87 of the cooling zero setting assembly 57 through the cooling oil source 25, enters the cooling cavity 82 to cool the magnetostrictive rod 83, and then flows out through the oil outlet passage 90.

When the engine works normally, the mechanical speed regulation assembly 13 drives the piston sleeve 42 and the flyweight sleeve 40 to rotate by the engine, and further drives the flyweight 39 to rotate, the flyweight 39 lifts the speed regulation piston 43 upwards by virtue of centrifugal force generated by rotation, and at the moment, an oil outlet channel at the right end of the upper cavity 47 in mechanical speed regulation is closed. The low-pressure oil in the oil tank 1 enters the variable pump 6 after being filtered by the oil filter 5, then flows to the overflow valve 7 after being pressurized by the variable pump 6 in a first way, enters the control oil cylinder middle cavity 31 in a second way, at the moment, the right end of the control oil cylinder middle cavity 31 is closed, and the oil flows back to the oil tank 1 through the overflow valve 7.

The control cylinder displacement sensor 27 connected to the electronic control unit 26 is always kept in a power-on state for detecting the position of the control piston 28, and the coil 59 of the super-magnetostrictive valve 24 connected to the electronic control unit 26 is in a power-off state, at this time, the super-magnetostrictive rod 83 is kept in an original state, and the nozzle 77 is in an open state. The gas introduced from the gas source 22 flows into the upper cavity 76 of the ball-head rod piston pneumatic valve through the throttle valve 23 and the primary air inlet 62, then flows into the primary spring cavity 78 through the nozzle 77, flows out of the primary air outlet 61, and is exhausted into the atmosphere. The oil or air pressure in the remaining part of the chamber remains unchanged.

When the rotating speed of the engine is lower than the set rotating speed, the rotating speed of the flyweight 39 in the mechanical speed regulation assembly 13 is reduced, the speed regulation piston 43 moves downwards, and an oil passage at the right end of the upper mechanical speed regulation cavity 47 is opened, so that the upper mechanical speed regulation cavity 47 is communicated with the rod cavity 51 of the power cylinder. At this time, the electronic control unit 26 controls the through hole of the rear electrically-controlled throttle valve 4 to be closed, the front electrically-controlled throttle valve 15 and the electrically-controlled air throttle valve 19 to open a small through hole, the coil 59 of the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve 24 is electrified, the coil 59 is electrified to generate a magnetic field, and the giant magnetostrictive rod 83 is influenced by the magnetic field to extend, so that the baffle 81 and the nozzle rubber sealing member 80 are driven to move downwards. The magnitude of the applied current determines the strength of the magnetic field, and thus the distance over which the super magnetostrictive rod 83 extends.

To seal the nozzle 77 with the nozzle rubber seal 80, the coil 59 is energized with a relatively large current. After the nozzle 77 is closed, the air pressure from the air source 22 flowing through the throttle valve 23 into the upper chamber 76 of the ball rod piston air-operated valve is increased, and the air-operated piston 63 is moved downward to open the tapered hole 70 and close the short hole 66. At this time, the air source 22 flows to the secondary air inlet 67 of the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve 24 through the pneumatic check valve 21, enters the lower ball rod piston pneumatic valve cavity 71, flows into the rod cavity 68 of the ball rod piston pneumatic valve through the tapered hole 70, flows out to the rodless cavity 34 of the pneumatic-hydraulic cylinder through the elongated hole 73 and the rear oil mist separator 11, and the air pressure of the rodless cavity 34 of the pneumatic-hydraulic cylinder rises to push the reverse pneumatic-hydraulic piston 33 to move downwards, so that the oil in the rod cavity 35 of the pneumatic-hydraulic cylinder flows into the upper control cylinder cavity 32. The oil liquid in the upper cavity 32 of the control oil cylinder is increased, the control piston 28 is pushed to move downwards, and an oil path at the right end of the middle cavity 31 of the control oil cylinder is opened.

When the control cylinder displacement sensor 27 detects that the control piston 28 is at the current position, the electronic control unit 26 controls the coil 59 to be powered off, the magnetostrictive rod 83 is restored, the baffle 81 and the nozzle rubber seal 80 move upwards to open the nozzle 77, the gas in the ball head rod piston pneumatic valve upper chamber 76 flows to the atmosphere, the pneumatic piston 63 moves upwards under the control of the secondary spring 65, the tapered hole 70 and the short hole 66 are closed, and the control piston 28 is kept at the middle position of the control cylinder 8. At this time, the high-pressure oil output from the variable displacement pump 6 flows into the mechanical speed regulation middle upper chamber 47 through the control cylinder middle chamber 31, and then flows into the power cylinder rod chamber 51. The oil pressure of a rod cavity 51 of the power oil cylinder rises to push the power piston 50 to move upwards, and the fuel quantity supply switch of the engine connected with the lower end of the power piston 50 is driven to move towards the direction of increasing the fuel quantity supply, so that the fuel quantity of the engine is increased, and the rotating speed is increased.

If the engine is being fueled with too much fuel, i.e., the power piston 50 continues to move upward in the power cylinder 14, the oil in the power cylinder spring chamber 52 flows into the spring cylinder rodless chamber 55, causing the forward gas-liquid linked piston 54 to move upward. Part of oil in the rodless cavity 55 of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder flows into the mechanical speed regulation upper cavity 48 through the front electric control throttle valve 15, and the position of the speed regulation piston 43 is compensated. The forward pneumatic-hydraulic linkage piston 54 moves upwards to increase the gas pressure in the rod cavity 56 of the spring pneumatic-hydraulic linkage cylinder, and the electronic control unit 26 controls the electric control gas throttle valve 19 to open the large through hole, so that the high-pressure gas in the rod cavity 56 of the spring pneumatic-hydraulic linkage cylinder flows to the secondary gas inlet hole 67 of the super-magnetic pneumatic valve 24 through the electric control gas throttle valve 19 and the preposed oil mist separator 20.

The electronic control unit 26 controls the rear electric control throttle valve 4 to open the small through hole, the coil 59 is electrified, the giant magnetostrictive rod 83 extends, the nozzle 77 is closed, the pneumatic piston 63 moves downwards, the tapered hole 70 is opened, and the short hole 66 is closed. The gas flowing to the secondary air intake hole 67 flows into the ball rod piston pneumatic valve rod cavity 68 through the ball rod piston pneumatic valve lower cavity 71 and the taper hole 70, and then flows into the gas-liquid linkage cylinder rodless cavity 34 through the elongated hole 73. The rodless cavity 34 of the gas-liquid linkage cylinder continues to be pressurized, so that the reverse gas-liquid linkage piston 33 moves downwards. A first part of oil in a rod cavity 35 of the gas-liquid linkage cylinder flows into a mechanical speed regulation lower cavity 45 through a rear electric control throttle valve 4 to compensate the position of a speed regulation piston 43; the second part of oil continuously flows into the control cylinder upper cavity 32, so that the control piston 28 moves downwards, and an oil passage at the left end of the control cylinder middle cavity 31 is closed.

When the control cylinder displacement sensor 27 detects that the control piston 28 is at the current position, the electronic control unit 26 controls the coil 59 to be powered off, the magnetostrictive rod 83 is restored, the baffle 81 and the nozzle rubber seal 80 move upwards to open the nozzle 77, and the gas in the upper cavity 76 of the ball-end rod piston pneumatic valve flows to the atmosphere. The pneumatic piston 63 is controlled by the secondary spring 65 to move upwards, closing the conical bore 70 and the short bore 66, keeping the control piston 28 in a lower position in the control cylinder 8. At this time, the oil output from the variable displacement pump 6 flows back to the tank 1 through the relief valve 7. After the oil passage at the left end of the control cylinder middle cavity 31 is closed, no oil flows in and out through the mechanical speed regulation middle upper cavity 47 and the power cylinder rod cavity 51.

The engine speed gradually increases as the fuel supply increases. When the engine speed exceeds the set speed, the speed of the flyweight 39 in the mechanical governor assembly 13 increases, causing the governor piston 43 to move upward. At this time, an oil path at the right end of the upper cavity 47 in the mechanical speed regulation is closed, an oil path at the right end of the lower cavity 46 in the mechanical speed regulation is opened, so that the lower cavity 46 in the mechanical speed regulation is communicated with a rod cavity 51 of the power cylinder, and oil in the two cavities flows back to the oil tank 1 through an oil return pipe 3 in the mechanical speed regulation. Because the oil in the rod cavity 51 of the power cylinder flows out, the power piston 50 moves downwards to drive the engine fuel quantity supply switch connected with the lower end of the power piston 50 to move towards the direction of reducing the fuel quantity supply, so that the fuel quantity of the engine is reduced, and the rotating speed is reduced.

When the mechanical speed regulation component of the system fails, the system still keeps normal work, and the specific working process is as follows:

when the mechanical governor assembly 13 connected to the engine shaft fails, i.e. the flyweight 39 cannot control the governor piston 43 to move up and down, the present invention relies on the giant pneumatically actuated valve 24 to regulate the engine speed.

When the engine is working normally, it drives the piston sleeve 42 to rotate, and the flyweight 39 does not rotate, its rotation speed is determined by the rotation speed sensor 41, and the position of the governor piston 43 is determined by the mechanical governor assembly displacement sensor 44. The electronic control unit 26 adjusts the sizes of the through holes of the rear electric control throttle valve 4 and the front electric control throttle valve 15, changes the compensation action of the upper mechanical speed regulation cavity 48 and the lower mechanical speed regulation cavity 45 into a control action, and controls the position of the speed regulation piston 43. At this time, the governor piston 43 should be in the middle position, i.e., the oil passage at the right end of the upper mechanical governor cavity 47 and the lower mechanical governor cavity 46 is closed. The low-pressure oil in the oil tank 1 enters the variable pump 6 after being filtered by the oil filter 5, then flows to the overflow valve 7 after being pressurized by the variable pump 6 in a first way, and enters the control cylinder middle cavity 31 in a second way. At the moment, the right end of the control oil cylinder middle cavity 31 is closed, and oil flows back to the oil tank 1 through the overflow valve 7.

The control cylinder displacement sensor 27, the mechanical governor assembly displacement sensor 44 and the rotation speed sensor 41 are kept in an electrified state. The rear electric control throttle valve 4, the front electric control throttle valve 15 and the electric control air throttle valve 19 keep a small through hole state. The coil 59 is in a power-off state, the magnetostrictive rod 83 is kept in the original state, and the nozzle 77 is in an open state. The gas from the gas source 22 flows through the throttle valve 23 into the upper chamber 76 of the bulb rod piston pneumatic valve, then through the nozzle 77 into the primary spring chamber 78, out through the primary vent 61 and into the atmosphere. The oil or air pressure in the remaining part of the chamber remains constant.

If the speed regulating piston 43 is detected by the mechanical speed regulating component displacement sensor 44 not to be in the middle position but in the middle lower position, and at this time, the oil passage at the right end of the upper cavity 47 in the mechanical speed regulating is opened, the electronic control unit 26 controls the rear electronic control throttle valve 4 and the front electronic control throttle valve 15 to open the large through hole, and the coil 59 is electrified. The nozzle 77 is closed, the ball stem piston pneumatic valve upper chamber 76 is pneumatically pressurized, the pneumatic piston 63 moves downward to open the tapered bore 70 and close the short bore 66. The gas flowing into the lower chamber 71 of the ball-stem piston air-operated valve through the secondary air intake hole 67 flows into the rod chamber 68 of the ball-stem piston air-operated valve through the tapered hole 70, and then flows into the rodless chamber 34 of the gas-liquid linkage cylinder through the elongated hole 73 and the post-oil mist separator 11, so that the reverse gas-liquid linkage piston 33 moves downward. Part of oil in the rod cavity 35 of the gas-liquid linkage cylinder flows into the mechanical speed regulation lower cavity 45 through the rear electric control throttle valve 4, so that the speed regulation piston 43 moves upwards, and part of oil in the mechanical speed regulation upper cavity 48 flows into the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder rodless cavity 55 through the front electric control throttle valve 15.

When the mechanical speed regulation assembly displacement sensor 44 detects that the oil passage at the right end of the upper cavity 47 is closed in the mechanical speed regulation, the electronic control unit 26 controls the rear electric control throttle valve 4 and the front electric control throttle valve 15 to open small through holes, and the coil 59 of the super-pneumatic valve 24 is powered off. The nozzle 77 is opened and the air pressure in the upper chamber 76 of the ball rod piston pneumatic valve is reduced and the air piston 63 moves upward closing the tapered bore 70 and the short bore 66. At this point, the governor piston 43 of the mechanical governor assembly 13 remains in the neutral position.

If the speed regulating piston 43 is detected not to be in the middle position but in the middle upper position by the mechanical speed regulating component displacement sensor 44, and the oil passage at the right end of the lower cavity 46 in the mechanical speed regulating is opened at the moment, the electronic control unit 26 controls the electric control gas throttle valve 19, the rear electric control throttle valve 4 and the front electric control throttle valve 15 to open the large through hole. Because the oil path at the right end of the lower cavity 46 in the mechanical speed regulation is opened, the oil in the rod cavity 51 of the power cylinder flows into the oil tank 1 through the lower cavity 46 in the mechanical speed regulation and the oil return pipe 3 in the mechanical speed regulation.

The air source 22 enters the rod cavity 56 of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder through the pneumatic check valve 21, the preposed oil mist separator 20 and the electric control gas throttle valve 19, so that the forward gas-liquid linkage piston 54 moves downwards. The first part of oil in the rodless cavity 55 of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder flows into the mechanical speed regulation upper cavity 48 through the front electric control throttle valve 15, so that the speed regulation piston 43 moves downwards; a second portion of the oil flows into the ram spring chamber 52. At this time, the electronic control unit 26 controls the electronically controlled gas throttle valve 19 to close, and the coil 59 is supplied with a suitable current. The nozzle 77 of the super solenoid pneumatic valve 24 is not completely closed, and the air pressure in the upper chamber 76 of the ball rod piston pneumatic valve rises, so that the pneumatic piston 63 moves downward, and the tapered hole 70 and the short hole 66 are opened. At this time, the secondary exhaust hole 75 is communicated with the elongated hole 73 through the secondary spring cavity 64, the short hole 66 and the ball head rod piston pneumatic valve rod cavity 68, the reverse gas-liquid linkage piston 33 of the gas-liquid linkage cylinder 12 moves upwards, and part of the oil liquid in the mechanical speed regulation lower cavity 45 flows into the gas-liquid linkage cylinder rod cavity 35 through the rear electric control throttle valve 4.

When the mechanical speed regulation component displacement sensor 44 detects that the speed regulation piston 43 recovers the middle position and an oil passage at the right end of the lower cavity 46 in the mechanical speed regulation is closed, the electronic control unit 26 controls the electric control gas throttle valve 19, the rear electric control throttle valve 4 and the front electric control throttle valve 15 to open small through holes, and the coil 59 is powered off. The nozzle 77 of the super-pneumatic valve 24 is fully opened, the air pressure of the upper chamber 76 of the ball head rod piston pneumatic valve is reduced, the pneumatic piston 63 moves upwards, the tapered hole 70 and the short hole 66 are closed, and the oil and air pressure of the rest parts is kept unchanged.

When the rotating speed sensor 41 detects that the rotating speed of the engine is lower than the set rotating speed, the electronic control unit 26 controls the rear electronic control throttle valve 4 to open a small through hole, the front electronic control throttle valve 15 to open a large through hole, and the electronic control air throttle valve 19 to open a large through hole. The coil 59 of the super-magnetostrictive pneumatic valve 24 is energized to generate a magnetic field, so that the super-magnetostrictive rod 83 is extended to drive the baffle 81 and the nozzle rubber seal 80 to move downwards, and the nozzle 77 is closed. The air source 22 flows into the ball rod piston pneumatic valve upper chamber 76 through the throttle valve 23, the air pressure of the ball rod piston pneumatic valve upper chamber 76 is increased, the pneumatic piston 63 moves downwards, the tapered hole 70 is opened, and the short hole 66 is closed.

The air source 22 flows into the lower ball rod piston pneumatic valve cavity 71 through the pneumatic check valve 21 and the secondary air inlet 67, then flows into the rod cavity 68 of the ball rod piston pneumatic valve through the tapered hole 70, and flows out to the rodless cavity 34 of the pneumatic-hydraulic linkage cylinder through the elongated hole 73. The air pressure of the rodless cavity 34 of the air-liquid linkage cylinder is increased, the reverse air-liquid linkage piston 33 moves downwards, the oil liquid in the rod cavity 35 of the air-liquid linkage cylinder flows into the upper cavity 32 of the control cylinder, the control piston 28 moves downwards, and an oil passage at the right end of the middle cavity 31 of the control cylinder is opened. When the control cylinder displacement sensor 27 detects that the control piston 28 is in a position where the oil passage at the right end of the control cylinder intermediate chamber 31 is open, the electronic control unit 26 controls the coil 59 to be de-energized. The giant magnetostrictive rod 83 restores to the original state, drives the baffle 81 and the nozzle rubber sealing element 80 to move upwards, and opens the nozzle 77. The air pressure in the upper chamber 76 of the ball-head rod piston pneumatic valve is reduced, the pneumatic piston 63 moves upwards, the tapered hole 70 and the short hole 66 are closed, and the pressure in each chamber of the control oil cylinder 8 is kept stable.

The air source 22 flows into the rod chamber 56 of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder through the pneumatic check valve 21, the pre-oil mist separator 20 and the electronic control air throttle valve 19. The air pressure of a rod cavity 56 of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder rises, the positive gas-liquid linkage piston 54 moves downwards, and part of oil in a rodless cavity 55 of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder flows into the mechanical speed regulation upper cavity 48 through the preposed electronic control throttle valve 15. The speed regulating piston 43 moves downwards to open an oil passage at the right end of the upper cavity 47 in the mechanical speed regulation, and the electronic control unit 26 controls the rear electric control throttle valve 4 to open a large through hole, so that part of oil discharged from the lower cavity 45 in the mechanical speed regulation flows into the rod cavity 35 of the gas-liquid linkage cylinder through the rear electric control throttle valve 4.

When the mechanical speed regulation assembly displacement sensor 44 detects that the speed regulation piston 43 is at the position where the oil passage at the right end of the upper cavity 47 in mechanical speed regulation is opened, the electronic control unit 26 controls the electronic control gas throttle valve 19, the front electronic control throttle valve 15 and the rear electronic control throttle valve 4 to open small through holes. At this time, the high-pressure oil provided by the variable pump 6 flows into the upper mechanical speed regulation cavity 47 through the control cylinder middle cavity 31 and then flows into the power cylinder rod cavity 51, so that the power piston 50 moves upwards, the power piston 50 drives the engine fuel quantity supply switch to move towards the direction of increasing fuel quantity supply, so that the fuel quantity of the engine is increased, and the rotating speed is increased.

When the rotating speed sensor 41 detects that the rotating speed of the engine is higher than the set rotating speed, the electronic control unit 26 controls the rear electric control throttle valve 4, the front electric control throttle valve 15 and the electric control air throttle valve 19 to open the large through hole, the coil 59 of the giant magnetostrictive valve 24 is electrified to generate a magnetic field, the giant magnetostrictive rod 83 is extended, the baffle plate 81 and the nozzle rubber sealing element 80 are driven to move downwards, and the nozzle 77 is closed. The air source 22 flows through the throttle 23 into the upper bulb rod piston pneumatic valve chamber 76. The air pressure in the upper chamber 76 of the ball rod piston pneumatic valve increases and the pneumatic piston 63 moves downward, opening the tapered bore 70 and closing the short bore 66. Part of the gas in the rod cavity 56 of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder flows into the lower cavity 71 of the ball head rod piston pneumatic valve through the electric control gas throttle valve 19, the preposed oil mist separator 20 and the secondary gas inlet hole 67 of the super-magnetic pneumatic valve 24.

The air source 22 flows into the lower ball rod piston pneumatic valve cavity 71 through the pneumatic check valve 21 and the secondary air inlet 67 of the super-pneumatic valve 24. The air in the lower ball rod piston air-operated valve cavity 71 flows into the rod cavity 68 of the ball rod piston air-operated valve through the tapered hole 70, and then flows out to the rodless cavity 34 of the air-liquid linkage cylinder through the elongated hole 73. The gas pressure of the rodless chamber 34 of the gas-liquid linkage cylinder rises, and the reverse gas-liquid linkage piston 33 moves downward again. A first part of oil in a rod cavity 35 of the gas-liquid linkage cylinder flows into an upper cavity 32 of the control cylinder, the control piston 28 moves downwards again, and an oil passage at the left end of a middle cavity 31 of the control cylinder is closed; the second part of oil flows into the mechanical speed regulation lower cavity 45 through the rear electric control throttle valve 4. The speed regulating piston 43 moves upwards to close the oil passage at the right end of the upper cavity 47 in the mechanical speed regulation and open the oil passage at the right end of the lower cavity 46 in the mechanical speed regulation. Part of oil in the mechanical speed regulation upper cavity 48 flows into a rodless cavity 55 of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder through the preposed electric control throttle valve 15. At the moment, the oil in the rod cavity 51 of the power cylinder flows into the lower mechanical speed regulation cavity 46 and then flows into the oil tank 1 through the oil return pipe 3 for mechanical speed regulation. The power piston 50 in the power cylinder 14 moves downward to drive the fuel supply switch of the engine to move in the direction of reducing the fuel supply, so that the fuel quantity of the engine is reduced and the rotating speed is reduced.

When the rotational speed sensor 41 detects that the engine rotational speed is restored to the set rotational speed, the electronic control unit 26 controls the coil 59 of the giant magneto-operated valve 24 to be deenergized. The magnetic field strength is weakened, so that the giant magnetostrictive rod 83 is restored to the original state, the baffle 81 and the nozzle rubber sealing element 80 are driven to move upwards, and the nozzle 77 is opened. The air supply 22 flows through the throttle 23 into the upper bulb rod piston pneumatic valve chamber 76 and then through the nozzle 77, the primary spring chamber 78 and the primary vent 61 to atmosphere. The ball rod piston pneumatic valve upper chamber 76 decreases in air pressure and the pneumatic piston 63 moves upward, closing the tapered bore 70 and the short bore 66. The air source 22 flows into the rod cavity 56 of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder through the pneumatic check valve 21, the preposed oil mist separator 20 and the electric control air throttle valve 19, and the air pressure of the rod cavity 56 of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder is increased. The forward gas-liquid linkage piston 54 moves downwards, a first part of oil liquid in the rodless cavity 55 of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder flows into the spring cavity 52 of the power cylinder, and a second part of the oil liquid flows into the upper mechanical speed regulation cavity 48 through the front electric control throttle valve 15. The speed regulating piston 43 moves downwards to close the oil passage at the right end of the upper mechanical speed regulating cavity 47 and the lower mechanical speed regulating cavity 46.

When the mechanical speed regulation assembly displacement sensor 44 detects that the speed regulation piston 43 is at the middle position, the electronic control unit 26 controls the through holes of the rear electric control throttle valve 4, the front electric control throttle valve 15 and the electric control gas throttle valve 19 to be closed. The coil 59 of the super-solenoid pneumatic valve 24 is energized with a suitable current to cause the nozzle 77 to not close completely, and the ball plunger piston pneumatic valve upper chamber 76 is pressurized to move the pneumatic piston 63 downward to open the tapered bore 70 and the short bore 66. At this time, the secondary air vent hole 75, the secondary spring chamber 64, the short hole 66, the ball rod piston air-operated valve rod chamber 68, the elongated hole 73, the tapered hole 70 and the ball rod piston air-operated valve lower chamber 71 are communicated. Since the secondary exhaust hole 75 is connected to the atmosphere, the air pressure in the rodless chamber 34 of the pneumatic-hydraulic linkage cylinder decreases, the reverse pneumatic-hydraulic linkage piston 33 moves upward, the oil in the upper chamber 32 of the control cylinder flows to the rod chamber 35 of the pneumatic-hydraulic linkage cylinder under the action of the control spring 29, and the control piston 28 moves upward.

When the control cylinder displacement sensor 27 detects that the control piston 28 is at a position where the oil passage at the right end of the control cylinder middle cavity 31 is closed, the electronic control unit 26 controls the through holes of the rear electronic control throttle valve 4, the front electronic control throttle valve 15 and the electronic control air throttle valve 19 to restore the initial small through hole state. The coil 59 of the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve 24 is de-energized, the giant magnetostrictive rod 83 is restored, the nozzle 77 is opened, and the air pressure in the upper chamber 76 of the ball-head-rod piston pneumatic valve is reduced. The pneumatic piston 63 moves upward to close the tapered hole 70 and the short hole 66, and the governor system returns to the normal operating state of the engine.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A gas-liquid linkage speed regulating system based on a super-magnetic pneumatic valve comprises an oil tank, an oil return pipe, a throttle valve, an oil filter, a variable pump, an overflow valve, a control oil cylinder, a one-way valve, a control oil supplement cup, a power oil supplement cup, an oil mist separator, a gas-liquid linkage cylinder, a mechanical speed regulating assembly, a power oil cylinder, the super-magnetic pneumatic valve and an electronic control unit,

the inlet end of the variable pump is connected with the first end of the oil tank through an oil filter, the first outlet end of the variable pump is connected with a first oil path channel of a control oil cylinder middle cavity, the second outlet end of the variable pump is connected with the second end of the oil tank through an overflow valve, the first end of the oil path channel of the control oil cylinder upper cavity is connected with a first oil path channel of a rod cavity of the gas-liquid linkage cylinder, the second end of the oil path channel of the control oil cylinder upper cavity is connected with the control oil supplementing cup through a control check valve, the second oil path channel of the control oil cylinder middle cavity is connected with the first end of the upper cavity of the mechanical speed regulation assembly, the oil path channel of a control oil cylinder spring cavity is connected with the third end of the oil tank through a control oil cylinder oil return pipe, and the gas path of a gas-liquid linkage cylinder rodless cavity is connected with the supermagnetic actuating elongated hole through a rear oil mist separator;

the mechanical speed regulation assembly comprises a fixing plate, a speed regulation spring, a thrust bearing, a flyweight sleeve, a rotating speed sensor, a piston sleeve, a speed regulation piston and a mechanical speed regulation assembly displacement sensor, wherein the fixing plate is connected with a first end of the speed regulation spring, a second end of the speed regulation spring is connected with the first end of the speed regulation piston through the thrust bearing, the second end of the speed regulation piston is positioned in the piston sleeve, the tail part of the flyweight is in contact with the lower end of the thrust bearing, the head part of the flyweight is connected with the first end of the flyweight sleeve, the second end of the flyweight sleeve is connected with the piston sleeve, the outer side of the upper end of the piston sleeve is provided with the rotating speed sensor, and the inner part of the lower end of the piston sleeve is provided with the mechanical speed regulation assembly displacement sensor; the upper cavity of the mechanical speed regulation assembly is connected with a first oil path channel of a rodless cavity of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder through a preposed electric control throttle valve, a lower cavity of the mechanical speed regulation assembly is connected with a fourth end of the oil tank through a mechanical speed regulation oil return pipe, a second end of the upper cavity of the mechanical speed regulation assembly is connected with a rod cavity of the power cylinder, the lower cavity of the mechanical speed regulation assembly is connected with a second oil path channel of the rod cavity of the gas-liquid linkage cylinder through a postposition electric control throttle valve, a first end of the spring cavity of the power cylinder is connected with a second oil path channel of the rodless cavity of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder, a second end of the spring cavity of the power cylinder is connected with the power oil supplementing cup through a power one-way valve, and a gas channel of the rod cavity of the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder is connected with a gas path where the pneumatic one-way valve is located through the electric control pneumatic throttle valve and the preposed oil mist separator in sequence;

a first outlet of the air source is connected with a primary air inlet of the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve through a throttle valve, and a second outlet of the air source is connected with a secondary air inlet of the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve through a pneumatic one-way valve; the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic valve comprises a giant magnetostrictive pneumatic nozzle baffle valve and a ball head rod piston pneumatic valve, wherein the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic nozzle baffle valve comprises a cooling zero adjustment assembly, a coil framework, a coil, a permanent magnet, a primary exhaust hole, a nozzle, a primary spring, a nozzle rubber sealing element, a baffle, a giant magnetostrictive rod and an upper cavity; the cooling zero-setting assembly comprises a circular stop block, a cylindrical sliding block, a shell, a square movable rod and a circular end cover, wherein the circular end cover is connected with a central mounting end inside the upper end of the shell, a through hole in the center of the circular end cover is connected with a first end of the square movable rod, a lower end in the center of the circular end cover is connected with a first end of the circular stop block, a second end of the circular stop block is connected with a second end of the square movable rod through a thin pin, a third end of the square movable rod is connected with a first end of the cylindrical sliding block through a thick pin, a second end of the cylindrical sliding block is connected with the upper end of the giant magnetostrictive rod, and an oil inlet channel and an oil outlet channel are symmetrically distributed at two ends of the shell; in the giant magnetostrictive pneumatic nozzle baffle valve, the upper end of a giant magnetostrictive rod is positioned in a groove at the lower end of the cooling zero adjustment assembly, the lower end of the giant magnetostrictive rod is in contact with a groove at the upper end of a baffle plate, the groove at the lower end of the baffle plate is connected with the nozzle rubber sealing element, a spring seat at the lower end of the baffle plate is connected with the primary spring, the inner side of the coil framework is respectively connected with the cooling zero adjustment assembly and the outer mounting end of the baffle plate, a coil is arranged on the outer side of the coil framework, and the fixed end of the coil framework is connected with the permanent magnet;

the ball head rod piston pneumatic valve comprises a primary air inlet hole, a pneumatic piston, a secondary spring, a short hole, a secondary air inlet hole, a ball head rod rubber sealing element, a conical hole, a ball head rod, a slender hole, a through hole rubber sealing element, a secondary exhaust hole and a lower cavity, wherein a ball head rod piston pneumatic valve upper cavity, a secondary spring cavity, a ball head rod piston pneumatic valve rod cavity and a ball head rod piston pneumatic valve lower cavity are sequentially arranged in the lower cavity from the upper end to the lower end; in the ball head rod piston pneumatic valve, two ends of the secondary spring are respectively connected with a spring seat of a secondary spring cavity and an installation end of the pneumatic piston, a short hole is formed in the middle of the spring seat in the secondary spring cavity, a ball head rod rubber sealing element is arranged in the middle of the ball head rod, a conical hole is formed in the center of the lower end of a rod cavity of the ball head rod piston pneumatic valve, the axis of the conical hole and the axis of the short hole are on the same straight line, the threaded end of the ball head rod is connected with the threaded end of the pneumatic piston through the short hole, and the ball head end of the ball head rod is in contact with the conical hole;

the power oil cylinder comprises a power spring and a power piston, the power spring and the power piston are sequentially installed in the power oil cylinder from top to bottom, and the lower end of the power piston is connected with an engine fuel quantity supply switch.

2. The giant magneto pneumatic valve based gas-liquid linkage speed regulating system of claim 1, wherein the control cylinder comprises a control cylinder displacement sensor, a control piston and a control spring, and the control cylinder displacement sensor, the control piston and the control spring are sequentially installed inside the control cylinder from top to bottom.

3. The giant magneto pneumatic valve based gas-liquid linkage speed regulating system according to claim 1, wherein a reverse gas-liquid linkage piston is arranged inside the gas-liquid linkage cylinder; the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder comprises a pneumatic spring and a forward gas-liquid linkage piston, and the pneumatic spring and the forward gas-liquid linkage piston are sequentially installed inside the spring gas-liquid linkage cylinder from top to bottom.

4. The giant magneto pneumatic valve based gas-liquid linkage speed regulating system according to claim 1, wherein a control end of the electronic control unit is connected with the rear-mounted electrically-controlled throttle valve, the front-mounted electrically-controlled throttle valve, the electrically-controlled pneumatic throttle valve, the control cylinder displacement sensor, the rotation speed sensor, the mechanical speed regulating assembly displacement sensor and the coil respectively.

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