CN115625909A - Pultruded profile for photovoltaic module frame, photovoltaic module frame and preparation method - Google Patents

Pultruded profile for photovoltaic module frame, photovoltaic module frame and preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115625909A
CN115625909A CN202211203982.5A CN202211203982A CN115625909A CN 115625909 A CN115625909 A CN 115625909A CN 202211203982 A CN202211203982 A CN 202211203982A CN 115625909 A CN115625909 A CN 115625909A
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Prior art keywords
glass fiber
profile
photovoltaic module
polyurethane resin
glass fibers
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CN202211203982.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郭志球
胡益栋
高衍
姚熠超
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Zhejiang Jinko Solar Co Ltd
Jinko Solar Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Jinko Solar Co Ltd
Jinko Solar Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202211203982.5A priority Critical patent/CN115625909A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • B29C70/525—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • B29C70/525—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C70/526—Pultrusion dies, e.g. dies with moving or rotating parts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and provides a pultruded profile for a photovoltaic module frame, the photovoltaic module frame and a preparation method. The pultruded profile for the photovoltaic module frame comprises a polyurethane resin matrix, and a longitudinal reinforcing material and a transverse reinforcing material soaked in the polyurethane resin matrix; the longitudinal reinforcing material comprises glass fiber yarns, glass fibers and glass fiber mats continuously extending in the longitudinal direction of the profile; on any cross section of the profile: the glass fiber yarns are stacked in a staggered mode, the glass fibers are densely distributed among the glass fiber yarns, and the glass fiber felt wraps the periphery of the cross section of the profile; the transverse reinforcement material includes chopped glass fibers dispersed in a polyurethane resin matrix. The pultruded profile for the photovoltaic module frame, provided by the invention, has high longitudinal strength and remarkably improved transverse strength, and can effectively avoid the frame profile from being torn along the longitudinal direction of the profile under the condition of being pressed.

Description

Pultruded profile for photovoltaic module frame, photovoltaic module frame and preparation method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and particularly relates to a pultruded profile for a photovoltaic module frame, the photovoltaic module frame and a preparation method of the photovoltaic module frame.
Background
Solar energy is one of the most important clean and renewable energy sources, with the development of photovoltaic technology, the cost of photovoltaic power generation is close to the thermal power cost, and the photovoltaic power generation is more and more popular due to the characteristics of low investment, zero pollution, long service life, short investment return cycle and the like.
Solar modules (or photovoltaic modules) are important devices for converting solar energy into electrical energy. The photovoltaic frame is an important part for fixing the photovoltaic module, and can protect the photovoltaic module from being corroded or damaged by wind power. The photovoltaic frame is required to be high in strength, light in weight, attractive in appearance, low in cost and the like. At present, the commonly used materials of the solar photovoltaic frame support comprise aluminum alloy, galvanized steel and composite materials, wherein the aluminum alloy materials are most popular, but the manufacturing of the aluminum alloy frame and the galvanized steel frame consumes a large amount of metal resources, and the cost is high, so that the development potential of the composite frame is huge.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pultruded profile for a photovoltaic assembly frame, the photovoltaic assembly frame and a preparation method.
In order to solve the technical problems, a first aspect of the present invention provides a pultruded profile for a photovoltaic module frame, where the profile includes a polyurethane resin matrix, and a longitudinal reinforcing material and a transverse reinforcing material soaked in the polyurethane resin matrix; wherein the longitudinal reinforcement comprises glass fiber yarns, glass fibers and glass fiber mats extending continuously in the longitudinal direction of the profile; on any cross section of the profile: the glass fiber yarns are stacked in a staggered mode, the glass fibers are densely distributed among the glass fiber yarns, and the glass fiber felt wraps the periphery of the cross section of the profile; the transverse reinforcement material includes chopped glass fibers dispersed in the polyurethane resin matrix.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the polyurethane resin-based frame profile containing the longitudinal reinforcing material and the transverse reinforcing material, wherein the longitudinal reinforcing material and the transverse reinforcing material are soaked in the polyurethane resin matrix. The longitudinal reinforcing material comprises glass fiber yarns, glass fibers and glass fiber felts which continuously extend in the longitudinal direction of the profile, and the glass fiber yarns, the glass fibers and the glass fiber felts play a role in improving the longitudinal strength of the profile. On any cross section of the section bar, the glass fiber yarns are stacked in a staggered mode, the glass fibers are densely distributed among the glass fiber yarns, and the glass fiber felt wraps the periphery of the cross section of the section bar; because the glass fiber yarns are staggered and laminated in the profile, the frame profile can be more effectively prevented from being torn along the longitudinal direction of the profile under the condition of pressure, and the transverse strength of the profile is obviously improved. In addition, the transverse reinforcing material comprises chopped glass fibers dispersed in the polyurethane resin matrix, and the transverse strength of the frame profile can be further improved by the dispersed chopped glass fibers. Therefore, the pultruded profile for the photovoltaic module frame provided by the invention has high longitudinal strength and transverse strength.
Preferably, the pultruded profile for the photovoltaic module frame provided by the invention comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-30 parts of polyurethane resin matrix, 30-60 parts of glass fiber yarn, 5-25 parts of glass fiber, 5-20 parts of glass fiber felt and 1-10 parts of chopped glass fiber.
More preferably, the pultruded profile for the photovoltaic module frame provided by the present invention comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20 to 25 portions of polyurethane resin matrix, 40 to 50 portions of glass fiber yarn, 10 to 20 portions of glass fiber, 10 to 14 portions of glass fiber felt and 5 to 6 portions of chopped glass fiber.
Further preferably, in addition to the polyurethane resin matrix, the glass fiber yarn, the glass fiber mat and the chopped glass fiber, the pultruded profile for a photovoltaic module frame provided by the present invention may further comprise, in parts by mass: 0.1 to 0.1 portion of antioxidant, 0.1 to 1 portion of ultraviolet absorbent, 0.1 to 1 portion of light stabilizer, 0.1 to 1 portion of water absorbent, 0.1 to 1 portion of wetting dispersant, 0.1 to 1 portion of defoaming agent and 0.2 to 2 portions of release agent.
The mass parts of the polyurethane resin matrix, the glass fiber yarns, the glass fibers, the glass fiber mats and the chopped glass fibers are adjusted to the preferred range provided by the invention, so that the longitudinal strength and the transverse strength of the frame profile are in a better range. In addition, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorbent, a light stabilizer and the like are further added into the polyurethane resin matrix, so that the prepared frame profile is not easy to yellow, and the mechanical property of the frame profile exposed to outdoor conditions for a long time is improved.
Optionally, in the pultruded profile for a photovoltaic module frame provided by the present invention, the polyurethane resin is a polymer of isocyanate and polyol, and the isocyanate is selected from at least one of toluene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, and dicyclohexylmethane-4, 4' -diisocyanate; the polyol is selected from polyether polyols or polyester polyols.
Optionally, in the pultruded profile for a photovoltaic module frame provided by the present invention, the antioxidant is selected from phenolic, phosphite or ketone antioxidants; the ultraviolet light absorber is selected from ketone or triazole ultraviolet light absorbers; the light stabilizer is selected from esters or phosphite ester light stabilizers; the water absorbent is a molecular sieve water absorbent.
Preferably, in the pultruded profile for the photovoltaic module frame provided by the invention, the linear density of the glass fiber yarns is 2400-4800 g/km; the diameter of the glass fiber is 10-30 μm; the thickness of the glass fiber felt is 0.2-2 mm.
Preferably, in the pultruded profile for the photovoltaic module frame provided by the invention, the diameter of the chopped glass fiber is 10-30 μm, and the length of the chopped glass fiber is 1-5 mm; on any cross section of the profile: distribution density per unit area of chopped glass fibers at arbitrary positions F 0 A distribution density F per unit area of the chopped glass fibers at a distance of 10cm from the position 10 Relative deviation (F) 0 -F 10 )/F 0 Does not exceed 20% in absolute value.
More preferably, the present inventionIn the pultrusion section for the photovoltaic module frame, the diameter of the chopped glass fiber is 18-25 mu m, and the length of the chopped glass fiber is 2-3 mm; on any cross section of the profile: distribution density per unit area of chopped glass fibers at arbitrary positions F 0 A distribution density F per unit area of the chopped glass fibers at a distance of 10cm from the position 10 Relative deviation (F) 0 -F 10 )/F 0 Does not exceed 10% in absolute value.
In the invention, under the condition that the mass part range of the chopped glass fibers in the polyurethane resin matrix is a certain range, the diameter and the length of the chopped glass fibers are adjusted to be in the optimal range, so that the distribution uniformity of the chopped glass fibers in the polyurethane resin matrix can be improved, and the frame profile can obtain better transverse strength.
The invention provides a photovoltaic module frame, which is prepared by pultrusion profiles for the photovoltaic module frame provided by the first aspect of the invention. Since the pultruded profile for photovoltaic module frames provided by the first aspect of the present invention has good longitudinal strength and transverse strength, the photovoltaic module frame prepared from the profile also has good longitudinal strength and transverse strength, and is especially not torn along the longitudinal direction of the profile under a compression condition.
Optionally, the photovoltaic module frame comprises a receiving groove for mounting the photovoltaic module lamination piece and a supporting part located below the receiving groove, and the bottom of the receiving groove and the top of the supporting part share a top bearing surface; the accommodating groove further comprises a first limiting surface and a second limiting surface, the first limiting surface, the second limiting surface and the top bearing surface are sequentially jointed to form the accommodating groove in a surrounding mode, and the single surface of the accommodating groove is open; the supporting part further comprises a first side surface, a bottom bearing surface and a second side surface, and the top bearing surface, the first side surface, the bottom bearing surface and the second side surface are sequentially connected and surrounded to form a closed cavity.
Optionally, the photovoltaic module frame comprises a receiving groove for mounting a photovoltaic module lamination piece and a supporting part located below the receiving groove, and the bottom of the receiving groove and the top of the supporting part share a top bearing surface; the accommodating groove further comprises a first limiting surface and a second limiting surface, the first limiting surface, the second limiting surface and the top bearing surface are sequentially jointed to form the accommodating groove in a surrounding mode, and the single surface of the accommodating groove is open; the supporting part further comprises a first side face and a bottom bearing face, the top bearing face, the first side face and the bottom bearing face are sequentially connected and surround to form an opening cavity, and the opening direction of the cavity is opposite to that of the accommodating groove.
The third aspect of the present invention provides the method for preparing the photovoltaic module frame of the second aspect, comprising the following steps:
s1: stirring and mixing the preparation raw material polyol of the polyurethane resin and the additives in the section bar in a stirring kettle, adding the chopped glass fiber, and continuously stirring to obtain a resin premix with uniformly dispersed chopped glass fiber;
s2: the glass fiber yarns, the glass fibers and the glass fiber felt are unreeled through a unreeling device, are reeled through a reeling die to obtain the longitudinal reinforcing material, and are guided into a resin tank through a guiding device;
s3: proportionally mixing the resin premix and isocyanate serving as a preparation raw material of the polyurethane resin, injecting the mixture into the resin tank through a glue injection machine to soak the longitudinal reinforcing material, and heating for precuring;
s4: the pre-cured product is cured in a heating forming die;
s5: and pulling out the molded pultruded profile for the photovoltaic assembly frame from the outlet of the heating forming die through a traction device, and cutting the pultruded profile into the photovoltaic assembly frame with the size suitable for the photovoltaic laminated piece.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pultruded profile for a photovoltaic module border according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a process for manufacturing a photovoltaic module frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a photovoltaic module frame according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a photovoltaic module frame according to another embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of the objects, features and advantages of the present invention, embodiments thereof will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Some embodiments of the present invention provide a pultruded profile for a photovoltaic module frame, and fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pultruded profile for a photovoltaic module frame according to an embodiment of the present invention. The section comprises a polyurethane resin matrix 1, and a longitudinal reinforcing material and a transverse reinforcing material soaked in the polyurethane resin matrix 1; wherein the longitudinal reinforcement comprises glass fibre yarns 2, glass fibres 3 and glass fibre mats 4 extending continuously in the longitudinal direction of the profile. The longitudinal reinforcing material continuously extends in the longitudinal direction of the profile, so that the longitudinal strength of the profile is improved. On any cross section of the profile: the glass fiber yarns 2 are stacked in a staggered mode, the glass fibers 3 are densely distributed among the glass fiber yarns 2, and the glass fiber felt 4 wraps the periphery of the cross section of the sectional material. Because the glass fiber yarns are staggered and laminated in the profile, the condition that the frame profile is torn along the longitudinal direction of the profile under the condition of pressure can be effectively avoided, and the transverse strength of the profile is improved. The transverse reinforcing material comprises chopped glass fibers 5 dispersed in the polyurethane resin matrix 1, and the chopped glass fibers dispersed in the polyurethane resin matrix can improve the transverse strength of the frame profile. Therefore, the pultruded profile for the photovoltaic module frame provided by the embodiment has high longitudinal strength and high transverse strength, and the overall strength of the profile is excellent.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the pultruded profile for a photovoltaic module frame comprises, in parts by mass: 20-30 parts of polyurethane resin matrix, 30-60 parts of glass fiber yarn, 5-25 parts of glass fiber, 5-20 parts of glass fiber felt and 1-10 parts of chopped glass fiber.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the pultruded profile for a photovoltaic module frame comprises, in parts by mass: 20-25 parts of polyurethane resin matrix, 40-50 parts of glass fiber yarn, 10-20 parts of glass fiber, 10-14 parts of glass fiber mat and 5-6 parts of chopped glass fiber.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the pultruded profile for a photovoltaic module frame further comprises, in parts by mass: 0.1 to 0.1 portion of antioxidant, 0.1 to 1 portion of ultraviolet absorbent, 0.1 to 1 portion of light stabilizer, 0.1 to 1 portion of water absorbent, 0.1 to 1 portion of wetting dispersant, 0.1 to 1 portion of defoaming agent and 0.2 to 2 portions of release agent.
The weight parts of the polyurethane resin matrix, the glass fiber yarn, the glass fiber felt and the chopped glass fiber are adjusted to be in the optimal range, so that the strength of the frame profile is better. In addition, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorbent, a light stabilizer and the like are further added into the polyurethane resin matrix, so that the prepared frame profile is not easy to yellow, and the mechanical property of the prepared frame profile exposed to outdoor conditions for a long time is improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the polyurethane resin is a polymer of an isocyanate and a polyol, the isocyanate being selected from at least one of toluene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, and dicyclohexylmethane-4, 4' -diisocyanate; the polyol is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyether polyol and polyester polyol. In some embodiments of the invention, the antioxidant is selected from phenolic, phosphite or ketone antioxidants; in some embodiments of the present invention, the ultraviolet light absorber is selected from a ketone or triazole ultraviolet light absorber. In some embodiments of the invention, the light stabilizer is selected from esters or phosphite light stabilizers. In some embodiments of the present invention, the water absorbing agent is a molecular sieve-based water absorbing agent. In some embodiments of the present invention, the wetting and dispersing agent and the defoaming agent may be selected from products available from companies such as bike, modesty, and erfluoro.
In some embodiments of the invention, the glass fiber yarn has a linear density of 2400 to 4800g/km (2400 TEX to 4800TEX gauge, i.e. 2400 to 4800g/km glass fiber yarn weight); the diameter of the glass fiber is 10-30 μm; the whole alkali-free glass fiber can be selected to be convenient for traction in the manufacturing process. The thickness of the glass fiber felt is 0.2-2 mm.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the chopped glass fibers have a diameter of 10 to 30 μm and a length of 1 to 5mm; on any cross section of the profile: distribution density per unit area F of chopped glass fibers at arbitrary positions 0 A distribution density F per unit area of the chopped glass fibers at a distance of 10cm from the position 10 Relative deviation (F) 0 -F 10 )/F 0 Does not exceed 20% in absolute value.
More preferably, in the pultruded profile for a photovoltaic module frame provided by the present invention, the diameter of the chopped glass fiber is 18 to 25 μm, and the length of the chopped glass fiber is 2 to 3mm; on any cross section of the profile: distribution density per unit area of chopped glass fibers at arbitrary positions F 0 Relative deviation from the distribution density per unit area of chopped glass fibers F10 at a distance of 10cm from the position (F) 0 -F 10 )/F 0 Does not exceed 10% in absolute value.
In the present application, the distribution density per unit area of the chopped glass fibers means: on the cross section of the pultruded profile for the photovoltaic module frame, the area of a square area with a sampling area of 3cm multiplied by 3cm, which contains the chopped glass fiber, accounts for the ratio of the sampling area of the square area. And adjusting the distance between the centers of different sampling areas to be 10cm, thus obtaining the unit area distribution density of the chopped glass fibers in different areas on the cross section of the pultruded profile for the photovoltaic module frame.
The strength, particularly the transverse strength, of the photovoltaic module frame profile is affected by the uniformity of the distribution of the chopped glass fibers in the polyurethane resin matrix. If the distribution of the chopped glass fibers in the polyurethane resin matrix is not uniform, the doping amount of the chopped glass fibers in a partial region is too low, the doping amount of the chopped glass fibers in a partial region is too high, and the nonuniform doping of the chopped glass fibers does not play a role in improving the transverse strength of the polyurethane resin matrix and even has a reverse role in reducing the transverse strength. On the premise that the mass content of the chopped glass fibers is within a certain range, the diameter and the length of the selected chopped glass fibers directly influence the distribution uniformity of the chopped glass fibers in the polyurethane resin matrix. When the diameter and the length of the chopped glass fiber are in the preferable range provided by the invention, the distribution uniformity of the chopped glass fiber in the polyurethane resin matrix can be obviously improved, and the strength of the frame profile is obviously improved.
Some embodiments of the present invention provide a photovoltaic module frame, which is prepared by using a pultruded profile for the photovoltaic module frame provided in the first aspect of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a flow chart of a process for preparing a photovoltaic module frame according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes the following steps: s1: stirring and mixing the preparation raw material polyol of the polyurethane resin and the additive in the section bar in a stirring kettle, adding the chopped glass fiber, and continuously stirring to obtain a resin premix with uniformly dispersed chopped glass fiber; s2: the glass fiber yarns, the glass fibers and the glass fiber felt are unreeled through a unreeling device, are reeled through a reeling die to obtain the longitudinal reinforcing material, and are guided into a resin tank through a guiding device; s3: proportionally mixing the resin premix and isocyanate serving as a preparation raw material of the polyurethane resin, injecting the mixture into the resin tank through a glue injection machine to soak the longitudinal reinforcing material, and heating and pre-curing the mixture; s4: the pre-cured product is cured in a heating forming die; s5: and pulling out the molded pultruded profile for the photovoltaic assembly frame from the outlet of the heating forming die through a traction device, and cutting the pultruded profile into the photovoltaic assembly frame with the size suitable for the photovoltaic laminated piece.
Because the pultruded profile for the photovoltaic module frame has better longitudinal strength and transverse strength, the photovoltaic module frame prepared by the profile also has good longitudinal strength and transverse strength and cannot be torn along the longitudinal direction of the profile under the condition of pressure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a photovoltaic module frame according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 3, the photovoltaic module frame includes a receiving groove 20 for mounting a photovoltaic module laminate and a supporting portion 21 located below the receiving groove 20, and a bottom of the receiving groove 20 and a top of the supporting portion 21 share a top carrying surface 22; the accommodating groove 20 further comprises a first limiting surface 23 and a second limiting surface 24, the first limiting surface 23, the second limiting surface 24 and the top carrying surface 22 are sequentially joined to form the accommodating groove 20, and a single surface of the accommodating groove 20 is open; the supporting portion 21 further includes a first side surface 25, a second side surface 26 and a bottom bearing surface 27, and the top bearing surface 22, the first side surface 25, the bottom bearing surface 27 and the second side surface 26 are sequentially connected to form a closed cavity 28.
Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a photovoltaic module frame according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the photovoltaic module frame includes a receiving groove 30 for mounting a photovoltaic module laminate and a supporting part 31 located below the receiving groove 30, and a bottom of the receiving groove 30 and a top of the supporting part 31 share a top carrying surface 32; the accommodating groove 30 further comprises a first limiting surface 33 and a second limiting surface 34, the first limiting surface 33, the second limiting surface 34 and the top bearing surface 32 are sequentially combined to form the accommodating groove 30, and a single surface of the accommodating groove 30 is open; the supporting portion 31 further includes a first side surface 35 and a bottom bearing surface 36, the top bearing surface 32, the first side surface 35, and the bottom bearing surface 36 sequentially engage with each other to form an opening cavity 37, and an opening direction of the opening cavity 37 is opposite to an opening direction of the accommodating groove 30.
The advantages of the present application are further illustrated below with reference to specific examples and comparative examples. The materials used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available by commercial purchase. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
Examples 1 to 10
S1: and stirring and mixing polyether polyol and an additive in a stirring kettle, adding the chopped glass fibers, and continuously stirring to obtain the resin premix with uniformly dispersed chopped glass fibers. Wherein the additive comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.1 part of antioxidant, 1 part of ultraviolet absorbent, 1 part of light stabilizer, 1 part of water absorbent, 1 part of wetting dispersant, 1 part of defoaming agent and 2 parts of release agent; the relative deviations of the mass portions of the polyether polyol, the mass portions of the chopped glass fibers, the diameter and the length, and the distribution density F10 of the chopped glass fibers on the cross section of the profile per unit area are shown in relevant parameters in Table 1.
S2: and (3) putting the glass fiber yarns, the glass fibers and the glass fiber felt through a yarn putting device, putting the yarns through a yarn threading die to obtain a longitudinal reinforcing material, and guiding the longitudinal reinforcing material into a resin tank through a guiding device. Wherein the specification of the glass fiber yarn is 4800TEX; adopting alkali-free glass fiber which is wholly stranded, wherein the diameter of a single glass fiber is 20 mu m; the thickness of the glass fiber mat was 1mm. The parts by mass of the glass fiber yarns, glass fibers and glass fiber mats are shown in the relevant parameters in table 1.
S3: mixing a resin premix and isocyanate in proportion, injecting the mixture into the resin tank through a glue injection machine to soak the longitudinal reinforcing material, and heating for precuring;
s4: the pre-cured product is cured in a heating forming die; after curing, the distribution form of the longitudinal reinforcing material in the section bar is as follows: the longitudinal reinforcing material comprises glass fiber yarns, glass fibers and glass fiber felts continuously extending in the longitudinal direction of the profile; on any cross section of the profile: the glass fiber yarns are stacked in a staggered mode, the glass fibers are densely distributed among the glass fiber yarns, and the glass fiber felt is wrapped on the periphery of the cross section of the sectional material. The distribution form is realized by adjusting the structure of the threading die.
S5: and pulling out the molded pultrusion profile for the photovoltaic module frame from the outlet of the heating molding die through a traction device, and cutting the photovoltaic module frame into a photovoltaic module frame suitable for the size of the photovoltaic laminating piece.
Comparative examples 1 to 3
The profile prepared in comparative example 1 had no glass fiber yarn in the longitudinal reinforcement.
Comparative example 2 the profile prepared, the longitudinal reinforcement also comprised glass fibre yarns, but the glass fibre yarns were not cross-plied.
The profile prepared in comparative example 3, contained no transverse reinforcement chopped glass fibers.
Bending property test:
the pultruded profiles for the photovoltaic module frames prepared in the embodiments 1 to 10 and the comparative examples 1 to 3 are tested for longitudinal strength and transverse strength by referring to a bending performance test method of GB/T1449-2005 glass fiber reinforced plastics.
The preparation parameters and the bending property test results of the pultruded profiles for photovoltaic module frames prepared in examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 3 are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 preparation parameters and bending Property test results
Figure BDA0003872812610000111
As can be seen from the data in table 1, each of the pultruded profiles for photovoltaic module bezels prepared in examples 1 to 10 includes a polyurethane resin matrix and a reinforcing material impregnated in the polyurethane resin matrix, and the reinforcing material includes glass fiber yarns, glass fibers and glass fiber mats continuously extending in the longitudinal direction of the profile, and chopped glass fibers dispersed in the profile. The pultruded profiles for photovoltaic module frames prepared in examples 1 to 10 have overall strength performance significantly better than the profiles of comparative examples 1 to 3, as measured by bending performance tests. The profile prepared in comparative example 1, which does not contain glass fiber yarn reinforcement inside, is at a lower level in both longitudinal strength and transverse strength; the sectional material prepared in the comparative example 2 contains the glass fiber yarn reinforcing material, but the glass yarns are not staggered and laminated, and although the longitudinal strength is improved, the transverse strength is not effectively improved, and the transverse strength is still in a large difference with the sectional materials of the examples 1 to 10; the profile of comparative example 3 did not contain chopped strand glass reinforcement and therefore had lower transverse strength than the profiles of examples 1-10.
Examples 1 to 4 also show the effect of the change in the mass ratio of the polyurethane resin matrix and its internal reinforcing material on the strength of the profile. In the section prepared in example 1, the content of the chopped glass fibers in the polyurethane is too small, so that the chopped glass fibers are dispersed in the polyurethane at a high randomness and cannot be uniformly distributed; in the section prepared in example 3, the content of the chopped glass fiber in the polyurethane is too high, aggregation is easy to occur in the preparation process, and the distribution uniformity can also reach the best, thereby influencing the improvement of the strength. Compared with the profiles prepared in the examples 1 to 2 and 3 to 4, the profiles prepared in the examples 3 to 4 have the mass ratio of the polyurethane resin matrix and the reinforcing material within the preferable range provided by the invention, and thus have more excellent longitudinal strength and transverse strength.
Examples 5-10 show the effect of the diameter, length and uniformity of distribution of chopped glass fibers on profile strength. The chopped glass fibers of example 5 have too small diameters and lengths and have remarkable random dispersibility characteristics, so that the uniformity is reduced; the chopped glass fibers of example 10 were too large in diameter and length, and the difficulty of uniform distribution was increased, and uniformity was reduced. The transverse strength of the profiles of examples 5, 10 was not optimal. In examples 6 to 9, the effect of improving the transverse strength was remarkable because the diameter and the length of the chopped glass were within appropriate ranges.
The above examples are provided only for illustrating the technical concepts and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide those skilled in the art with the understanding of the present invention and to implement the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. The pultruded profile for the photovoltaic module frame is characterized by comprising a polyurethane resin matrix, and a longitudinal reinforcing material and a transverse reinforcing material soaked in the polyurethane resin matrix;
the longitudinal reinforcing material comprises glass fiber yarns, glass fibers and glass fiber mats continuously extending in the longitudinal direction of the profile; on any cross section of the profile: the glass fiber yarns are stacked in a staggered mode, the glass fibers are densely distributed among the glass fiber yarns, and the glass fiber felt wraps the periphery of the cross section of the profile;
the transverse reinforcement material includes chopped glass fibers dispersed in the polyurethane resin matrix.
2. The pultruded profile for a photovoltaic module border according to claim 1, comprising in parts by mass: 20 to 30 portions of polyurethane resin matrix, 30 to 60 portions of glass fiber yarn, 5 to 25 portions of glass fiber, 5 to 20 portions of glass fiber felt and 1 to 10 portions of chopped glass fiber.
3. The pultruded profile for a photovoltaic module border according to claim 2, comprising in parts by mass: 20-25 parts of polyurethane resin matrix, 40-50 parts of glass fiber yarn, 10-20 parts of glass fiber, 10-14 parts of glass fiber mat and 5-6 parts of chopped glass fiber.
4. The pultruded profile for a photovoltaic module border according to claim 2, further comprising, in parts by mass: 0.1 to 0.1 portion of antioxidant, 0.1 to 1 portion of ultraviolet absorbent, 0.1 to 1 portion of light stabilizer, 0.1 to 1 portion of water absorbent, 0.1 to 1 portion of wetting dispersant, 0.1 to 1 portion of defoaming agent and 0.2 to 2 portions of release agent.
5. The pultruded profile for a photovoltaic module bezel according to claim 1,
the linear density of the glass fiber yarn is 2400-4800 g/km;
the diameter of the glass fiber is 10-30 μm;
the thickness of the glass fiber felt is 0.2-2 mm.
6. The pultruded profile for a photovoltaic module border according to claim 1,
the diameter of the chopped glass fiber is 10-30 mu m, and the length of the chopped glass fiber is 1-5 mm;
on any cross section of the profile: distribution density per unit area F of chopped glass fibers at arbitrary positions 0 And a short glass at a distance of 10cm from the positionDistribution density per unit area F of glass fibers 10 Relative deviation (F) 0 -F 10 )/F 0 Does not exceed 20% in absolute value.
7. The pultruded profile for a photovoltaic module border according to claim 6,
the diameter of the chopped glass fiber is 18-25 mu m, and the length of the chopped glass fiber is 2-3 mm;
on any cross section of the profile: distribution density per unit area F of chopped glass fibers at arbitrary positions 0 A distribution density F per unit area of the chopped glass fibers at a distance of 10cm from the position 10 Relative deviation (F) 0 -F 10 )/F 0 Does not exceed 10% in absolute value.
8. The pultruded profile for a photovoltaic module bezel according to claim 4,
the polyurethane resin is a polymer of isocyanate and polyol, wherein the isocyanate is selected from at least one of toluene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate and dicyclohexylmethane-4, 4' -diisocyanate; the polyol is selected from at least one of polyether polyol and polyester polyol;
the antioxidant is selected from phenolic, phosphite or ketone antioxidants;
the ultraviolet light absorber is selected from ketone or triazole ultraviolet light absorbers;
the light stabilizer is selected from esters or phosphite ester light stabilizers;
the water absorbent is a molecular sieve water absorbent.
9. A photovoltaic module surround prepared using the pultruded profile of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The photovoltaic module bezel of claim 9, comprising a receiving groove for mounting a photovoltaic module laminate and a support portion below the receiving groove, wherein a bottom of the receiving groove and a top of the support portion share a top carrying surface;
the accommodating groove further comprises a first limiting surface and a second limiting surface, the first limiting surface, the second limiting surface and the top bearing surface are sequentially jointed to form the accommodating groove in a surrounding mode, and the single surface of the accommodating groove is open;
the supporting part further comprises a first side surface, a bottom bearing surface and a second side surface, and the top bearing surface, the first side surface, the bottom bearing surface and the second side surface are sequentially connected and surrounded to form a closed cavity.
11. The photovoltaic module bezel of claim 9, comprising a receiving groove for mounting a photovoltaic module laminate and a support portion below the receiving groove, wherein a bottom of the receiving groove and a top of the support portion share a top carrying surface;
the accommodating groove further comprises a first limiting surface and a second limiting surface, the first limiting surface, the second limiting surface and the top bearing surface are sequentially jointed to form the accommodating groove in a surrounding mode, and the single surface of the accommodating groove is open;
the supporting part further comprises a first side face and a bottom bearing face, the top bearing face, the first side face and the bottom bearing face are sequentially connected and surround to form an opening cavity, and the opening direction of the cavity is opposite to that of the accommodating groove.
12. The method for preparing the photovoltaic module frame of claim 10 or 11, comprising the steps of:
s1: stirring and mixing the preparation raw material polyol of the polyurethane resin and the additives in the section bar in a stirring kettle, adding the chopped glass fiber, and continuously stirring to obtain a resin premix with uniformly dispersed chopped glass fiber;
s2: the glass fiber yarns, the glass fibers and the glass fiber felt are unreeled through a unreeling device, are reeled through a reeling die to obtain the longitudinal reinforcing material, and are guided into a resin tank through a guiding device;
s3: proportionally mixing the resin premix and isocyanate serving as a preparation raw material of the polyurethane resin, injecting the mixture into the resin tank through a glue injection machine to soak the longitudinal reinforcing material, and heating for precuring;
s4: the pre-cured product is cured in a heating forming die;
s5: and pulling out the molded pultruded profile for the photovoltaic assembly frame from the outlet of the heating forming die through a traction device, and cutting the pultruded profile into the photovoltaic assembly frame with the size suitable for the photovoltaic laminated piece.
CN202211203982.5A 2022-09-29 2022-09-29 Pultruded profile for photovoltaic module frame, photovoltaic module frame and preparation method Pending CN115625909A (en)

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