CN112140584A - Method for improving mechanical property of carbon fiber structural member - Google Patents
Method for improving mechanical property of carbon fiber structural member Download PDFInfo
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- CN112140584A CN112140584A CN202010926979.0A CN202010926979A CN112140584A CN 112140584 A CN112140584 A CN 112140584A CN 202010926979 A CN202010926979 A CN 202010926979A CN 112140584 A CN112140584 A CN 112140584A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/02—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising combinations of reinforcements, e.g. non-specified reinforcements, fibrous reinforcing inserts and fillers, e.g. particulate fillers, incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers and with or without non-reinforced or non-filled layers
- B29C70/028—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising combinations of reinforcements, e.g. non-specified reinforcements, fibrous reinforcing inserts and fillers, e.g. particulate fillers, incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers and with or without non-reinforced or non-filled layers and with one or more layers of non-plastics material or non-specified material, e.g. supports
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
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Abstract
The application discloses a method for improving mechanical properties of a carbon fiber structural member, which comprises the steps of selecting a two-dimensional amorphous sheet; the two-dimensional amorphous sheet can be added in a proper form according to the actual conditions of the shape, the service state and the like of the product; and aiming at some products with small shapes or large curvature change, a precise punch is used for punching proper tiny round holes in the two-dimensional amorphous sheet in advance. Therefore, the mechanical properties of the carbon fiber structural member such as bending resistance and the like are greatly improved, the impact resistance is remarkably improved, the adopted amorphous sheet is a two-dimensional material and is added in the carbon fiber interlayer, the hidden dangers of uncontrollable quality and the like caused by the displacement of morphological reinforcements such as amorphous wires, amorphous strips and the like adopted in the previous patents in the curing process of a mold do not exist, meanwhile, the required labor consumption is very low, and the economic benefit is obvious.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of mechanical property improvement of carbon fiber structural members, in particular to a method for improving the mechanical property of a carbon fiber structural member.
Background
The carbon fiber is a special fiber with excellent mechanical property, the density is only 1.8g/cm3, the modulus exceeds 200GPa, and the tensile strength is generally more than 3500MPa, so that the carbon fiber has very high specific modulus and specific strength and has very wide application in the fields of aerospace, automobile light weight and the like.
However, carbon fibers are tow-like one-dimensional materials and have very obvious unidirectionality, so that in order to take load conditions in multiple directions into consideration, when a carbon fiber structural member is manufactured, layers need to be alternately laminated at different angles. However, in the same layer, the carbon fiber filaments are distributed in parallel and connected with each other only by the matrix resin, so that the mutual coordination effect is weak, and the mechanical properties of the carbon fiber such as high strength, high modulus and the like cannot be effectively utilized. In addition, carbon fibers are of a covalent bond graphite structure, have very high strength and modulus, but have high brittleness, so that the application of the carbon fibers is limited in some fields with high external impact risks.
The amorphous alloy is also called as liquid metal, is a new material different from the traditional metal, has the structural characteristics of long-range disorder and short-range order, has the tensile strength 4-8 times that of the traditional metal, can reach 1800-4000MPa or even higher, and has the elastic modulus only about 70-100 GPa; more importantly, the elastic energy storage (elastic specific work) exceeds 2.3X 107J/m3, the elastic limit can reach 2 percent, and the fracture toughness exceeds 50MPa.m1/2, so the material has excellent elasticity and toughness. Besides, the amorphous alloy has the special advantages of very good fatigue resistance and insensitivity to stress notch.
The method is a brand new design method with complementary advantages by modifying and optimizing the defects of the carbon fiber composite material by utilizing the performance characteristics of the amorphous alloy. Both the Chinese inventions CN201710305688.8 and CN201710305687.3 try to add amorphous wires or amorphous strips in a carbon fiber carbon yarn layer, so that the brittleness of the carbon fiber badminton racket can be effectively improved, and the rebound performance of the carbon fiber badminton racket can be improved. However, both of the two schemes adopt filiform or strip-shaped amorphous as a reinforcement, which belongs to a one-dimensional unidirectional reinforcement like carbon fiber itself, and the interlaminar carbon fiber reinforcement cannot form an effective whole through a synergistic effect, so that the mechanical properties of the carbon fiber cannot be fully exerted; meanwhile, the impact improvement effect is only specific to a specific direction, and the method has obvious limitation. Meanwhile, the tape-shaped or thread-shaped adhesive tape must be manually pasted, which requires a large amount of human resources, on one hand, causes the problems of low production efficiency, high cost and other economic benefits, and on the other hand, further aggravates the poor quality controllability. In the high-temperature curing stage, the carbon fiber needs to be plasticized through the process modes of mould pressing, internal expansion and the like, and the viscosity of resin in the carbon fiber prepreg cloth can be rapidly reduced along with the gradual rise of the temperature; the filiform or strip-shaped reinforcement bodies are respectively dispersed in the carbon fiber interlayer, and are not constrained with each other, so that the degree of freedom of displacement is high. These result in a shift in position and misalignment of the filamentary or ribbon-like reinforcement at the stage of formation, which is less consistent.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the method for improving the mechanical property of the carbon fiber structural member provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the mechanical properties such as bending resistance and the like of the carbon fiber structural member are greatly improved by adding the two-dimensional amorphous sheets between different carbon fiber layers, the impact resistance is obviously improved, the adopted amorphous sheets are two-dimensional materials and are added into the carbon fiber interlayer, the hidden troubles such as uncontrollable quality and the like caused by the displacement of morphological reinforcements such as amorphous wires, amorphous strips and the like in the curing process of a mold adopted in the previous patents do not exist, the required labor time consumption is very low, and the obvious economic benefit is realized.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions: a method of improving the mechanical properties of a carbon fiber structural member, comprising:
selecting a two-dimensional amorphous sheet;
the two-dimensional amorphous slice is added in a proper form according to the shape of the product and the actual conditions of the service state:
for products such as regular pipes, plates and the like, amorphous sheets are added in the carbon fiber prepreg manufacturing stage to prepare double-layer or multi-layer amorphous sheet/carbon fiber composite prepreg, and the subsequent processes of layering, preforming and mold-entering curing are the same as those of the conventional carbon fiber prepreg;
for some products which only need to be mechanically reinforced in a specific position or a specific area, an additional process can be adopted;
aiming at some products with small shapes or large curvature change, a precise punch is used for punching proper micro round holes in advance on the two-dimensional amorphous sheet, and the micro round holes are arranged in a staggered mode.
Further, the two-dimensional amorphous sheet is an amorphous wide strip.
Further, the step of adding amorphous slices in the stage of manufacturing the carbon fiber prepreg to prepare the amorphous slice/carbon fiber composite prepreg with double layers or multiple layers comprises the following steps:
and (3) brushing epoxy resin with the specific gravity of 30-40% on two sides of the amorphous sheet, attaching the amorphous sheet to carbon fiber prepreg cloth, flattening the amorphous sheet by using a plastic sheet and exhausting internal gas.
Furthermore, the diameter of the micro round hole is 0.5-1.0mm, and the distance between the micro holes is 5-10 mm.
Furthermore, the precision of the precision punch press is less than 30 microns, and 5-10 layers of laminated punching are selected each time.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the amorphous sheet is a macroscopic two-dimensional structure reinforcement body, and has mechanical properties with the same isotropy on a plane, so that the amorphous sheet can bear loads from all directions on the plane, and can be combined through an interface to carry out surface constraint on two adjacent one-way one-dimensional carbon fiber laying layers from a two-dimensional angle to form a coordinated mechanical integral structural member, so that the mechanical properties such as bending resistance of the carbon fiber structural member are greatly improved, the impact resistance is obviously improved, and particularly the amorphous sheet is similar to closed-loop structural members of tubular products, such as badminton rackets, unmanned aerial vehicle rotors, supporting pieces and the like, the torsion resistance of the amorphous sheet can be improved by more than 20%, and the bending strength of the amorphous sheet can be improved.
2. The elastic modulus of the carbon fiber exceeds 200GPa, the elongation at break is generally not more than 1.5%, the amorphous elastic modulus is only about 70-100GPa, and the elastic limit can reach 2%, a two-dimensional amorphous sheet is added into a carbon fiber paving layer in a sandwich mode, and the impact resistance of a structural member can be effectively improved by the amorphous preferential pre-deformation and the internal friction effect by utilizing the mismatching of the modulus and the elongation at break when the structural member is subjected to instantaneous impact, so that the impact resistance of the structural member can be improved by more than 30% in the fields of badminton rackets, unmanned aerial vehicle rotors, supporting pieces and the like, and the vibration attenuation period is reduced by more than 15%.
3. The carbon fiber structural part with high requirements on the bonding strength between partial layers is selected to be punched out of suitable micropores on the two-dimensional amorphous sheet, resin between the carbon fiber layers can penetrate through the micropores, an effective pinning effect can be formed after solidification, the bonding strength between the layers is effectively improved, cracking between the layers is prevented, and on the other hand, the micropore pinning effect also enhances the binding effect of the two-dimensional amorphous sheet between adjacent one-dimensional carbon fiber tows, so that the synergistic effect between the carbon fiber pavements is optimized, the overall rigidity is greatly improved, and the mechanical strength of the carbon fiber structural part is improved.
4. The method is used for enhancing the two-dimensional amorphous sheet raw material, directly adopts the commercial melt-spinning process and equipment which are mature at present, has the characteristics of simple process, lower cost and good process consistency, and adopts amorphous systems such as zirconium-based, iron-based, cobalt-based, nickel-based and the like which have commercial component formulas and production processes without excessive development and investment.
5. The thickness of the two-dimensional amorphous sheet is only 30-50 microns, and the proper addition of the two-dimensional amorphous sheet does not obviously increase the weight of the product and does not obviously weaken the performance advantages of high specific strength and high specific modulus of the carbon fiber.
6. The amorphous sheet is a two-dimensional material and is added into the carbon fiber interlayer, so that the hidden troubles of uncontrollable quality and the like caused by the displacement of morphological reinforcement bodies such as amorphous wires, amorphous strips and the like adopted in the previous patents in the curing process of a mold are avoided, meanwhile, the required labor consumption is very low, and the economic benefit is obvious.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an opening of a two-dimensional amorphous sheet according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a two-dimensional amorphous sheet/carbon fiber prepreg forming method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a vibration attenuation diagram of a badminton racket without a two-dimensional amorphous sheet;
FIG. 4 is a vibration attenuation diagram of a badminton racket with two-dimensional amorphous flakes added;
FIG. 5 is a graph of vibration attenuation of a plate without a two-dimensional amorphous thin sheet according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a vibration attenuation diagram of an added two-dimensional amorphous sheet material provided by the present invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the invention provides a method for improving the mechanical property of a carbon fiber structural member, which comprises the following specific steps:
selecting a two-dimensional amorphous sheet, wherein the two-dimensional amorphous sheet is an amorphous wide strip material which is a large-scale commodity at present, the thickness of the wide strip material is conventional 30-50 micrometers, the forming method is a rapid quenching strip-spinning process which is mature and commercialized at present, and the material can be a zirconium-based, iron-based, nickel-based, cobalt-based and other commercialized amorphous wide strip materials; preferably, the zirconium-based amorphous alloy with the best comprehensive mechanical property is selected, for example, a common ZrCuNiAlEr formula system is added with a transition metal element Er, and the Zr-based amorphous alloy comprises the following components in atomic percentage: 30-70% of Zr, 5-40% of Cu, 5-30% of Ni, 0-20% of Al and 0-10% of transition metal elements;
the two-dimensional amorphous sheet is added in a proper form according to the actual conditions of the shape, the service state and the like of a product:
for products such as regular pipes, plates and the like, amorphous sheets are added in the carbon fiber prepreg manufacturing stage to prepare double-layer or multi-layer amorphous sheet/carbon fiber composite prepreg, and the subsequent processes of layering, preforming and mold-entering curing are the same as those of the conventional carbon fiber prepreg;
for some products which only need to be mechanically reinforced in a specific position or a specific area, an additional process can be adopted, specifically: brushing epoxy resin with the specific gravity of 30-40% on two sides of the amorphous sheet, pasting the amorphous sheet on carbon fiber prepreg cloth, flattening the amorphous sheet by using a plastic sheet and discharging internal gas, wherein the subsequent procedures of layering, preforming, mold filling and curing and the like are the same as the procedures of conventional carbon fiber prepreg cloth;
aiming at products with small shapes or large curvature change, in order to avoid the risk of product layering caused by insufficient interface bonding force, a precise punch is used for punching proper micro round holes (as shown in figure 1) in advance on a two-dimensional amorphous sheet, the arrangement of the micro round holes is staggered, the diameter and the arrangement of the micro round holes and other specific parameters are ensured to be as small as possible and as few as possible on the basis of meeting the interface bonding strength, so that the local stress concentration caused by the reduction of the effective bearing area of the two-dimensional sheet is avoided, the effect of enhancing is influenced, the diameter of the micro round hole is 0.5-1.0mm, the distance between the micro holes is 5-10mm, the matching precision of the die of the precision punching machine is ensured to be below 30 microns, 5-10 layers of laminated punching can be selected each time, the punching efficiency is improved, but if the laminated punching machine is too much, the service life of the punching machine die is negatively influenced.
Example 2:
the badminton racket product is as follows:
1. firstly, preferably selecting a zirconium-based Zr63.7Cu17.15Ni9.8Al7.35Er2 component formula system, and obtaining a non-wafer with the thickness of 30-50 microns by adopting a vacuum strip casting process;
2. placing the amorphous sheet in a precision punch with the fit tolerance less than 10 microns, and blanking the number of 5 layers in batches to obtain an amorphous sheet layer with micropores, wherein the diameter of the micropores is 1 mm, the hole interval is 10mm, and two adjacent rows of micropores are arranged at intervals in a staggered manner;
3. brushing 40% by weight of resin on the surface of the two-dimensional amorphous sheet with micropores, wherein the resin comprises epoxy resin of a matrix and a curing agent, mixing according to a formula proportion, standing and airing;
4. adding a two-dimensional amorphous sheet into an outer layer area of the badminton racket, alternately laying carbon fiber layers and the two-dimensional amorphous sheet in the area, and adding 4-6 layers of amorphous sheets, so that the weight of the badminton racket is prevented from being obviously increased on the premise of improving the performance;
5. rolling and preforming according to normal production procedures, then placing into a mold, curing at the temperature of 135-145 ℃ for 20-30 minutes, then demolding, and carrying out subsequent grinding, polishing, paint spraying and other procedures to obtain a final product;
6. through tests, the torsion resistance of the badminton racket can be improved by 25%, the bending strength can be improved by 15%, and the impact resistance can be improved by 25%; in particular, the vibration damping (internal friction) period is reduced by about 30% (see fig. 3 and 4).
Example 3:
plate material:
1. for a conventional regular plate, firstly selecting a ZrCuNiAl component formula system, and obtaining an amorphous sheet with the thickness of 30-50 microns by adopting a vacuum strip spinning process, wherein the sheet is a commercial continuous coiled material;
2. in the manufacturing process of the carbon fiber prepreg, a continuous amorphous coiled material and carbon fibers are simultaneously wound in a mode of a reinforcement body, and the carbon fiber/two-dimensional amorphous sheet mixed prepreg is formed through a hot roller (as shown in figure 2);
3. punching and laminating the carbon fiber/two-dimensional amorphous sheet mixed prepreg cloth according to the conventional method, finally carrying out vacuum mould pressing at the temperature of 135-145 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation for 20-30 minutes to obtain a required plate;
4. through tests, the impact resistance of the plate is improved by about 25%, and the vibration attenuation period of the plate can be shortened by about 15% (as shown in fig. 5 and 6).
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (5)
1. A method for improving mechanical properties of a carbon fiber structural member, comprising:
selecting a two-dimensional amorphous sheet;
the two-dimensional amorphous slice is added in a proper form according to the shape of the product and the actual conditions of the service state:
for products such as regular pipes, plates and the like, amorphous sheets are added in the carbon fiber prepreg manufacturing stage to prepare double-layer or multi-layer amorphous sheet/carbon fiber composite prepreg, and the subsequent processes of layering, preforming and mold-entering curing are the same as those of the conventional carbon fiber prepreg;
for some products which only need to be mechanically reinforced in a specific position or a specific area, an additional process can be adopted;
aiming at some products with small shapes or large curvature change, a precise punch is used for punching proper micro round holes in advance on the two-dimensional amorphous sheet, and the micro round holes are arranged in a staggered mode.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the two-dimensional amorphous flakes are amorphous wide strips.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of preparing the amorphous sheet/carbon fiber composite prepreg in two or more layers by adding amorphous flakes at the stage of preparing the carbon fiber prepreg comprises:
and (3) brushing epoxy resin with the specific gravity of 30-40% on two sides of the amorphous sheet, attaching the amorphous sheet to carbon fiber prepreg cloth, flattening the amorphous sheet by using a plastic sheet and exhausting internal gas.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the micro-circular holes have a diameter of 0.5-1.0mm and the micro-holes are spaced 5-10mm apart from each other.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the precision press has a die fit accuracy of less than 30 microns, and wherein 5-10 die punches are selected for each stack.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113551588A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-10-26 | 北方工业大学 | Resistance-type flexible carbon fiber strain sensor and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113635621A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-12 | 歌尔光学科技有限公司 | Laying method of carbon fiber prepreg, carbon fiber preform and wearable equipment |
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