CN115616419B - Fuel cell counter electrode voltage distribution testing device and testing method - Google Patents
Fuel cell counter electrode voltage distribution testing device and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115616419B CN115616419B CN202211646116.3A CN202211646116A CN115616419B CN 115616419 B CN115616419 B CN 115616419B CN 202211646116 A CN202211646116 A CN 202211646116A CN 115616419 B CN115616419 B CN 115616419B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/378—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] specially adapted for the type of battery or accumulator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0084—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring voltage only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
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- H01M8/04552—Voltage of the individual fuel cell
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a device and a method for testing the distribution of the reverse pole voltage of a fuel cell; the device comprises a test board, a plurality of sub-fuel cells, an anode gas supply unit, a cathode gas supply unit and a voltage monitoring unit, wherein the test board is provided with a plurality of installation positions arranged at intervals, each sub-fuel cell is fixed at each installation position respectively, and the sub-fuel cells can be spliced to form the fuel cell to be tested, so that the voltage change condition of the anode or cathode of each sub-fuel cell during gas shortage can be passed through, the sub-fuel cells with the reversed voltage can be obtained at first, the voltage change condition of each position of the cathode flow field plate or anode flow field plate of the fuel cell to be tested during local or whole gas shortage and the specific position of the reversed voltage can be obtained at first, the voltage distribution test during normal operation and gas shortage of the fuel cell can be realized, and convenience can be provided for obtaining the specific position of the reversed electrode of the fuel cell during gas shortage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a device and a method for testing the distribution of the reverse pole voltage of a fuel cell.
Background
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell is an energy conversion device which can directly convert chemical energy in hydrogen into electric energy in an electrochemical reaction mode, has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, no pollution, low noise, environmental friendliness and the like, is considered to be one of the schemes with the greatest application prospects for solving energy crisis and environmental pollution, and particularly has application potential in the aspects of transportation such as automobiles, ships, standby power supplies and the like. Due to the advantages of the above aspects, the development and application of hydrogen energy and fuel cell technology are regarded as the ultimate energy of the 21 st century.
Despite the rapid development of fuel cell technology in recent years, its stability and reliability under practical operating conditions are still one of the main reasons that currently limit its commercialization and large-scale application. Factors such as rapid load change, start and stop, control strategy failure and the like of the vehicle-mounted fuel cell under a complex road condition can cause irreversible damage such as reduction of power generation performance and service life shortening of the fuel cell; in addition, the unreasonable design of the flow field and the uneven flow distribution of the reaction gas caused by the assembly of the fuel cell stack or the assembly can cause the local fuel shortage in the single cells or the whole shortage of some single cells in the fuel cell stack, so that the supply of the anode fuel hydrogen or the cathode air of the fuel cell is insufficient. At this time, in order to satisfy the charge balance, the proton and electron source generated by the hydrogen oxidation dissociation of the anode flow field plate are supplied by the oxidation decomposition of water molecules or carbon carriers, and the anode potential rises rapidly and is even higher than the cathode potential, so that the output voltage of the whole cell becomes negative, that is, the fuel cell has a reverse polarity phenomenon. Under the condition of a reverse pole, the carbon carrier is seriously corroded due to overhigh anode potential to cause the collapse of a catalyst structure, and further, the Pt particles of the catalyst fall off from the carrier to lose effectiveness; in addition, the high anode potential can also cause the anode catalyst Pt particles to migrate, agglomerate and grow up, so that the electrochemical active area of the anode catalyst Pt particles is reduced, and irreversible performance loss is caused to the catalyst, thereby influencing the output performance of the fuel cell. When the air supply of the cathode is insufficient, the reverse pole phenomenon of the fuel cell can be caused, but because the potential is polarized from high to low when the cathode is reversed, the electrochemical corrosion to the catalyst Pt particles, the carbon carrier and the like can not be caused. However, when the cathode is reversed, the battery can not output electric energy to the outside, and the battery can not work normally.
Because the research on the voltage distribution of the cathode/anode of the fuel cell during the air shortage is limited at present, the accurate position of the air shortage and the voltage change condition of the normal air supply position cannot be clearly pointed out, and therefore effective measures cannot be provided for relieving the damage to the fuel cell caused by the air shortage. Based on the above current situation, a more appropriate flow field design and a more effective system control strategy are becoming a common strategy for preventing the fuel cell from generating the reverse polarity, and the successful implementation of the strategy requires that the voltage distribution of each position of the fuel cell under various complicated working conditions and the position of the first reverse polarity generation should be known, especially for the fuel cell with a large area. Thus, a solution can be provided more specifically, and the measurement of the distribution of the fuel cell reverse voltage is not fully studied at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects, provides a device and a method for testing the voltage distribution of the reverse electrode of a fuel cell, and solves the technical problems that the prior art is difficult to obtain the voltage distribution of each position of the fuel cell in the absence of air, and the specific part of the fuel cell generating the reverse electrode in the absence of air causes inconvenience for the flow field design of the fuel cell.
In order to achieve the above technical object, a technical solution of the present invention provides a fuel cell reverse voltage distribution testing apparatus, including:
the test bench is provided with a plurality of mounting positions arranged at intervals;
a plurality of sub-fuel cells, each of which can be spliced to form the fuel cell, and each of which is sequentially fixed to each of the mounting positions;
the anode gas supply unit is connected with the anode flow field plates of the sub-fuel cells and used for supplying reaction gas to the anode flow field plates and controlling all or part of the anode flow field plates to be short of gas;
the cathode gas supply unit is connected with the cathode flow field plates of the sub-fuel cells and used for supplying reaction gas to the cathode flow field plates and controlling all or part of the cathode flow field plates to be short of gas;
and the voltage monitoring unit is connected with each sub fuel cell and is used for monitoring the voltage of each sub fuel cell.
Optionally, each of the mounting positions is provided with a mounting hole penetrating through the test board, each of the sub fuel cells is fixed to the mounting hole, and an anode flow field plate and a cathode flow field plate of each of the sub fuel cells are respectively located on two sides of the test board.
Optionally, the anode gas supply unit includes a plurality of first gas supply pipes and a first flow regulating valve, each of the first gas supply pipes is connected to the anode flow field plate of the sub-fuel cell, and is configured to supply a reaction gas to the anode flow field plate of the sub-fuel cell, and the first flow regulating valve is installed in each of the first gas supply pipes and is configured to regulate a gas flow rate of each of the first gas supply pipes.
Optionally, the anode gas supply unit further comprises a first gas supply main pipe, the first gas supply main pipe is used for connecting a first gas supply device, and each first gas supply pipe is connected with the first gas supply main pipe.
Optionally, the cathode gas supply unit includes a plurality of second gas supply pipes and second flow regulating valves, each of the second gas supply pipes is connected to a cathode flow field plate of the sub-fuel cell, and is configured to supply a reaction gas to the cathode flow field plate of the sub-fuel cell, and the second flow regulating valves are installed in the second gas supply pipes, and are configured to regulate gas flow rates of the second gas supply pipes.
Optionally, the cathode air supply unit further comprises a second air supply main pipe, the second air supply main pipe is used for connecting a second air supply device, and each second air supply pipe is connected with the second air supply main pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the fuel cell reverse voltage distribution testing device provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the fuel cell testing device comprises a testing platform, a plurality of sub-fuel cells, an anode gas supply unit, a cathode gas supply unit and a voltage monitoring unit, wherein the testing platform is provided with a plurality of installation positions arranged at intervals, each sub-fuel cell is respectively fixed at each installation position, the fuel cells to be tested can be formed by splicing each sub-fuel cell, therefore, the working condition of the corresponding part of the fuel cell to be tested and the sub-fuel cell can be obtained by obtaining the working condition of the sub-fuel cell, the anode gas supply unit is connected with the anode flow field plate of each sub-fuel cell, the cathode gas supply unit is connected with the cathode flow field plate of each sub-fuel cell, when the counter voltage distribution test of the fuel cell is carried out, the anode gas supply unit and the cathode gas supply unit respectively supply gas to the anode flow field plate and the cathode flow field plate of all sub-fuel cells, so that each sub-fuel cell is in a normal working state, the voltage monitoring unit monitors the voltage of each sub-fuel cell, and then obtains the voltage distribution condition of each position when the fuel cell to be tested normally works according to the voltage condition of each sub-fuel cell, and then the anode gas supply unit is used for starving part or all of the anode flow field plate, or the cathode gas supply unit is used for starving part or all of the cathode flow field plate, so as to simulate the partial starvation or the whole starvation of the anode of the fuel cell to be tested, or the partial starvation or the whole starvation of the cathode of the fuel cell to be tested, and then the voltage change condition of each position when the anode or the cathode of each sub-fuel cell is starved and the sub-fuel cell which generates the reverse voltage first is obtained according to the voltage change condition of each position when the anode flow field plate or the cathode flow field plate of the fuel cell to be tested is starved or the specific position which generates the reverse voltage first, so as to test the voltage distribution when the fuel cell normally works and starves, and the method provides convenience for obtaining the specific part of the fuel cell where the reversal occurs in the case of gas shortage.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention also provides a fuel cell reverse electrode voltage distribution testing method, which comprises the following steps:
s100: the anode gas supply unit supplies gas to anode flow field plates of all the sub-fuel cells, the cathode gas supply unit supplies gas to cathode flow field plates of all the sub-fuel cells, and the voltage monitoring unit monitors the voltage of each sub-fuel cell;
s200: the anode gas supply unit is used for partially or completely starving the anode flow field plate, or the cathode gas supply unit is used for partially or completely starving the cathode flow field plate;
s300: acquiring the voltage change condition of each sub fuel cell, and monitoring the sub fuel cells with the reversed-pole voltage;
s400: and acquiring the voltage change condition of each position when the cathode flow field plate or the anode flow field plate of the fuel cell is partially or wholly short of air and the specific position where the reverse voltage appears first according to the voltage change condition of each sub-fuel cell and the sub-fuel cell where the reverse voltage appears first.
Optionally, before S100, a cavity of a mold for processing an anode gas diffusion layer, an anode catalytic layer, a proton exchange membrane, a cathode catalytic layer, and a cathode gas diffusion layer of the fuel cell is divided into a plurality of sub-cavities, and the anode gas diffusion layer, the anode catalytic layer, the proton exchange membrane, the cathode catalytic layer, and the cathode gas diffusion layer of the sub-fuel cell are processed and formed by the sub-cavities.
Optionally, before S200, each sub fuel cell is numbered, so as to obtain, through the number, a corresponding position of each sub fuel cell in the fuel cell.
Optionally, in S200, a portion or all of the anode flow field plates are controlled to be starved by adjusting the first flow adjustment valve, or a portion or all of the cathode flow field plates are controlled to be starved by adjusting the second flow adjustment valve.
Compared with the prior art, the fuel cell reverse electrode voltage distribution testing method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: by detecting the voltage change condition of each sub-fuel cell anode or cathode in the case of gas deficiency and the sub-fuel cell with the counter-pole voltage appearing first, the voltage change condition of each position in the case of local or overall gas deficiency of the fuel cell cathode flow field plate or anode flow field plate to be detected and the specific position with the counter-pole voltage appearing first can be obtained, thereby providing convenience for testing the voltage distribution of the fuel cell in the case of gas deficiency and obtaining the specific position with the counter-pole generated by the fuel cell in the case of gas deficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell reverse voltage distribution testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a fuel cell reverse voltage distribution testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sub fuel cell of a fuel cell reverse voltage distribution testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a fuel cell reverse voltage distribution testing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of coordinate numbering performed by the fuel cell reverse voltage distribution testing method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of sequence numbering of a fuel cell reverse voltage distribution testing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, in the figures, the respective reference numerals:
10-test bench 11-installation position 20-sub fuel cell
21-anode flow field plate 22-anode gas diffusion layer 23-anode catalytic layer
24-proton exchange membrane 25-cathode catalyst layer 26-cathode gas diffusion layer
27-cathode flow field plate 30-anode air supply unit 31-first air supply pipe
32-first flow regulating valve 40-cathode air supply unit 41-second air supply pipe
42-second flow control valve 50-anode gas outlet unit 51-first exhaust pipe
60-cathode outlet gas cell 61-second exhaust pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a fuel cell counter electrode voltage distribution testing device, which comprises a testing platform 10, a plurality of sub fuel cells 20, an anode gas supply unit 30, a cathode gas supply unit 40 and a voltage monitoring unit (not marked in the figure), wherein the testing platform 10 is provided with a plurality of mounting positions 11 which are arranged at intervals; each sub-fuel cell 20 can be spliced to form a fuel cell, and each sub-fuel cell 20 is sequentially fixed at each mounting position 11; the anode gas supply unit 30 is connected with the anode flow field plate 21 of each sub-fuel cell 20 and is used for supplying reaction gas to each anode flow field plate and controlling all or part of the anode flow field plates to lack gas; the cathode gas supply unit 40 is connected with the cathode flow field plate 27 of each sub-fuel cell 20 and is used for supplying reaction gas to each cathode flow field plate and controlling all or part of the cathode flow field plates to lack gas; the voltage monitoring unit is connected to each sub fuel cell 20, and is configured to monitor a voltage of each sub fuel cell 20.
Specifically, by providing a test bench 10, a plurality of sub-fuel cells 20, an anode gas supply unit 30, a cathode gas supply unit 40 and a voltage monitoring unit, wherein the test bench 10 is provided with a plurality of installation sites 11 arranged at intervals, each sub-fuel cell 20 is respectively fixed at each installation site 11, because each sub-fuel cell 20 can form a fuel cell to be tested by splicing, the working condition of the part of the fuel cell to be tested corresponding to the sub-fuel cell 20 can be obtained by obtaining the working condition of the sub-fuel cell 20, the anode gas supply unit 30 is connected with the anode flow field plate 21 of each sub-fuel cell 20, the cathode gas supply unit 40 is connected with the cathode flow field plate 27 of each sub-fuel cell 20, when performing a fuel cell counter voltage distribution test, the anode gas supply unit 40 and the cathode gas supply unit 40 respectively supply gas to the anode flow field plate 21 and the cathode flow field plate 27 of all sub-fuel cells 20, the voltage monitoring unit monitors the voltage of each sub-fuel cell 20, and further obtains the voltage distribution condition of each position of the fuel cell to be tested when the fuel cell is in normal operation according to the voltage condition of each sub-fuel cell 20, and then the anode gas supply unit 30 is used for starving part or all of the anode flow field plates, or the cathode gas supply unit 40 is used for starving part or all of the cathode flow field plates, so as to simulate the partial starving or the whole starving of the anode of the fuel cell to be tested, or the partial starving or the whole starving of the cathode of the fuel cell to be tested, and further obtain the voltage change condition of each position of the anode flow field plate or the cathode flow field plate of the fuel cell to be tested when the anode or the cathode of each sub-fuel cell 20 is starved, and the sub-fuel cell 20 with the reverse voltage appearing first, and obtain the specific position of the reverse voltage appearing first, the method provides convenience for testing the voltage distribution of the fuel cell during normal operation and gas shortage and acquiring the specific part of the fuel cell with the reverse pole during gas shortage.
In this embodiment, the fuel cell and the sub-fuel cell 20 to be tested each include an anode flow field plate 21, an anode gas diffusion layer 22, an anode catalyst layer 23, a proton exchange membrane 24, a cathode catalyst layer 25, a cathode gas diffusion layer 26, and a cathode flow field plate 27, which are stacked in sequence, the anode gas diffusion layer 22, the anode catalyst layer 23, the proton exchange membrane 24, the cathode catalyst layer 25, and the cathode gas diffusion layer 26 of the sub-fuel cell 20 may be formed by cutting the anode gas diffusion layer, the anode catalyst layer, the proton exchange membrane, the cathode catalyst layer, and the cathode gas diffusion layer of the fuel cell to be tested into a plurality of sub-units in a transverse and longitudinal direction, the anode flow field plate 21 and the cathode flow field plate 27 of the sub-fuel cell 20 may be formed by milling, and the flow field structures of the anode flow field plate 21 and the cathode flow field plate 27 of the sub-fuel cell 20 are the same as the flow field structures of the corresponding portions of the fuel cell to be tested. The sub-fuel cells 20 are sequentially fixed to the mounting positions 11, so that gaps between the sub-fuel cells 20 fixed to the mounting positions 11 are eliminated (insulation treatment is performed between the sub-fuel cells 20), and the sub-fuel cells 20 can be spliced to form the fuel cell to be tested.
In this embodiment, the anode gas supply unit 30 is used for supplying hydrogen to the gas inlet of the anode flow field plate 21 of the sub-fuel cell 20, and the cathode gas supply unit 40 is used for supplying oxygen to the gas inlet of the cathode flow field plate 27 of the sub-fuel cell 20. Each of the sub fuel cells 20 may independently perform an oxidation-reduction reaction and form a voltage by the hydrogen and oxygen supplied from the anode gas supply unit 30 and the cathode gas supply unit 40.
In this embodiment, the voltage monitoring unit may monitor the voltage of each sub fuel cell 20 by connecting the voltage polling lines on both sides to the anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer of each sub fuel cell 20.
In this embodiment, the device for testing the counter-electrode voltage distribution of the fuel cell further includes an anode gas outlet unit 50 and a cathode gas outlet unit 60, the anode gas outlet unit 50 includes a plurality of first gas outlet pipes 51, the cathode gas outlet unit 60 includes a plurality of second gas outlet pipes 61, and each first gas outlet pipe 51 is connected to the anode flow field plate 21 of each sub-fuel cell 20, and is configured to discharge products generated in the reaction process of the sub-fuel cells 20 and gases that do not participate in the reaction.
In this embodiment, each mounting position 11 is provided with a mounting hole penetrating through the test board 10, each sub-fuel cell 20 is fixed to the mounting hole, and the anode flow field plate 21 and the cathode flow field plate 27 of the sub-fuel cell 20 are respectively located on two sides of the test board 10. Specifically, the mounting holes can realize stable connection of each sub-fuel cell 20 to the test board 10, and at the same time, the anode flow field plate and the cathode flow field plate can be separated at two sides of the test board 10, so that the anode air supply unit 30 and the cathode air supply unit 40 can be conveniently connected to the anode flow field plate 21 and the cathode flow field plate 27 of the sub-fuel cell 20, thereby providing convenience for the voltage testing process of the testing device.
In the present embodiment, each sub-fuel cell 20 is fixed to the mounting hole by welding.
In this embodiment, the anode gas supply unit 30 includes a plurality of first gas supply pipes 31 and first flow regulating valves 32, each of the first gas supply pipes 31 is connected to the anode flow field plate 21 of the sub-fuel cell 20, and is configured to supply the reactant gas to the anode flow field plate 21 of the sub-fuel cell 20, and the first flow regulating valves 32 are installed in the first gas supply pipes 31, and are configured to regulate gas flow rates of the first gas supply pipes 31. Specifically, the anode gas supply unit 30 can supply the reactant gas to each anode flow field plate by providing a plurality of first gas supply pipes 31 connected to the anode flow field plates, and can control the flow rate of the reactant gas introduced into the anode flow field plates by the first flow regulating valves 32 on the first gas supply pipes 31, thereby controlling the gas shortage of the anode flow field plates.
In the present embodiment, the anode gas supply unit 30 further includes a first gas supply main pipe (not shown) for connecting to a first gas supply device, and each first gas supply pipe 31 is connected to the first gas supply main pipe. Specifically, first air supply equipment is responsible for the reaction gas that lets in the anode flow field plate to first air feed, and the back is responsible for through first air feed and is distributed to each first air supply pipe 31, and is responsible for through setting up first air feed, can realize when each first air supply pipe 31 air feed, can also be with gas evenly distributed to each first air supply pipe 31, and then guarantee under the same aperture of first flow control valve 32, the gas flow who lets in the anode flow field plate is the same, promotes the reliability of test result.
In this embodiment, the cathode gas supply unit 40 includes a plurality of second gas supply pipes 41 and second flow regulating valves 42, each of the second gas supply pipes 41 is respectively connected to the cathode flow field plates 27 of the sub-fuel cells 20 for supplying the reactant gas to the cathode flow field plates 27 of the sub-fuel cells 20, and the second flow regulating valves 42 are installed in each of the second gas supply pipes 41 for regulating the gas flow rate of each of the second gas supply pipes 41. Specifically, the cathode gas supply unit 40 can supply the reactant gas to each cathode flow field plate by providing a plurality of second gas supply pipes 41 connected to the cathode flow field plates, and can control the flow of the reactant gas introduced into the cathode flow field plates by the second flow regulating valves 42 on the second gas supply pipes 41, thereby controlling the lack of gas in the cathode flow field plates.
In this embodiment, the cathode air supply unit 40 further includes a second air supply main pipe (not shown) for connecting to a second air supply device, and each second air supply pipe 41 is connected to the second air supply main pipe. Specifically, the second gas supply device supplies the reactant gas of the cathode flow field plate to the second gas supply main pipe, and then the reactant gas is distributed to each second gas supply pipe 41 through the second gas supply main pipe, so that the reactant gas can be uniformly distributed to each second gas supply pipe 41 while the gas supply to each second gas supply pipe 41 is realized through the second gas supply main pipe, the gas flow rate of the anode flow field plate is the same under the same opening degree of the second flow regulating valve 42, and the reliability of the test result is improved.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for testing the distribution of the reverse pole voltage of the fuel cell, which comprises the following steps:
s100: the anode gas supply unit 40 supplies gas to the anode flow field plates 21 of all the sub-fuel cells 20, the cathode gas supply unit 40 supplies gas to the cathode flow field plates 27 of all the sub-fuel cells 20, and the voltage monitoring unit monitors the voltage of each sub-fuel cell 20;
s200: the anode gas supply unit 30 is short of gas for part or all of the anode flow field plates, or the cathode gas supply unit 40 is short of gas for part or all of the cathode flow field plates;
s300: acquiring the voltage change condition of each sub fuel cell 20, and monitoring the sub fuel cell 20 with the inverse pole voltage;
s400: and acquiring the voltage change condition of each position when the cathode flow field plate or the anode flow field plate of the fuel cell is partially or wholly short of air and the specific position where the reverse voltage occurs first according to the voltage change condition of each sub-fuel cell 20 and the sub-fuel cell 20 where the reverse voltage occurs first.
Specifically, by detecting the voltage change condition when the anode or cathode of each sub-fuel cell 20 is short of air and the sub-fuel cell 20 with the reverse voltage appearing first, the voltage change condition of each position when the anode flow field plate or cathode flow field plate of the fuel cell to be tested is partially or wholly short of air and the specific position with the reverse voltage appearing first can be obtained, thereby providing convenience for the test of the voltage distribution when the fuel cell is short of air and the acquisition of the specific position with the reverse voltage when the fuel cell is short of air.
In this embodiment, before S100, a plurality of sub-cavities are formed by dividing a cavity of a mold for processing an anode gas diffusion layer, an anode catalyst layer, a proton exchange membrane, a cathode catalyst layer, and a cathode gas diffusion layer of a fuel cell, and an anode gas diffusion layer 22, an anode catalyst layer 23, a proton exchange membrane 24, a cathode catalyst layer 25, and a cathode gas diffusion layer 26 of a sub-fuel cell 20 are formed by processing each sub-cavity. Specifically, by using the above molding method of molding the anode gas diffusion layer, the anode catalytic layer, the proton exchange membrane, the cathode catalytic layer, and the cathode gas diffusion layer of the sub-fuel cells 20 by using the original mold, not only the molding cost of the sub-fuel cells 20 can be reduced, but also the anode gas diffusion layer 22, the anode catalytic layer 23, the proton exchange membrane 24, the cathode catalytic layer 25, and the cathode gas diffusion layer 26 of each sub-fuel cell 20 can be made to be closer to the structures of the anode gas diffusion layer, the anode catalytic layer, the proton exchange membrane, the cathode catalytic layer, and the cathode gas diffusion layer at the corresponding positions on the fuel cell to be tested, so as to improve the reliability of the test result.
In this embodiment, cavities of dies for processing an anode gas diffusion layer, an anode catalyst layer, a proton exchange membrane, a cathode catalyst layer, and a cathode gas diffusion layer of a fuel cell may be separated by a grid frame to form a plurality of sub-units.
In this embodiment, in S200, part or all of the anode flow field plate starvation is controlled by adjusting the first flow control valve 32, or part or all of the cathode flow field plate starvation is controlled by adjusting the second flow control valve 42.
In the present embodiment, before S200, each sub fuel cell 20 is numbered, so as to obtain the corresponding position of each sub fuel cell 20 in the fuel cell by the number. Specifically, by numbering the sub-fuel cells 20, each sub-fuel cell 20 can be quickly and accurately positioned, so as to accurately know the voltage distribution of the fuel cell to be tested during the reverse polarity and the specific position of the reverse polarity.
In the present embodiment, the sub fuel cells 20 number the mounting sites 11 by coordinate numbers as shown in fig. 5 or by sequential numbers as shown in fig. 6.
When numbering the coordinates, as shown in fig. 5, one of the corners of the test table is used as the origin of coordinates to establish a corresponding horizontal coordinate and a corresponding vertical coordinate, the coordinate value of each sub-fuel cell 20 is the corresponding number of the fuel cell, and the specific part of the fuel cell to be tested corresponding to the sub-fuel cell 20 can be accurately obtained by combining the size of the fuel cell to be tested. If the sub-fuel cell 20 has the reverse polarity, the specific part of the fuel cell to be tested, where the reverse polarity is likely to occur, can be quickly obtained.
When numbering in sequence, as shown in fig. 6, the sub-fuel cells 20 are numbered in sequence, and the sequence of numbering is the flow sequence of the reactant gas in the fuel cell to be tested in the cathode flow field plate and the anode flow field plate, and during the experiment, the number of the sub-fuel cells 20 is generally determined according to the factors such as the area of the fuel cell to be tested, in this embodiment, the sub-fuel cells 20 with the number of 200 are taken as an example, during the experiment, the 200 sub-fuel cells 20 are numbered in sequence according to the numbers 1 to 200, the sub-fuel cells 20 with the numbers of 1 to 24 can simulate the air inlet section of the fuel cell to be tested, the sub-fuel cells 20 with the numbers of 177 to 200 can simulate the air outlet section of the fuel cell to be tested, and in S200, the following experiment can be performed:
experiment 1
And (3) under the constant current test condition, performing starvation treatment on the anode flow field plates 21 of the sub-fuel cells 20 with the numbers 1 to 24, keeping the supply of the reactant gas of the cathode flow field plates of all the sub-fuel cells 20 unchanged, and monitoring the voltage change of all the sub-fuel cells 20 and the sub-fuel cells 20 with the reversed voltage.
And (3) under the constant current test condition, performing starvation treatment on the anode flow field plates 21 of the sub-fuel cells 20 with the numbers from 177 to 200, keeping the reactant gas supply of the cathode flow field plates of all the sub-fuel cells 20 unchanged, and monitoring the voltage change of all the sub-fuel cells 20 and the sub-fuel cells 20 with the prior occurrence of the reverse voltage.
Under the constant current test condition, the cathode flow field plates 27 of the sub fuel cells 20 with the numbers 1 to 24 are subjected to air deficiency treatment, and meanwhile, the reactant gas supply of the anode flow field plates of all the sub fuel cells 20 is kept unchanged; the voltage change of all the sub fuel cells 20 is monitored and the sub fuel cell 20 in which the reverse voltage is first developed.
And (3) under the constant current test condition, performing air shortage treatment on the cathode flow field plates 27 of the sub-fuel cells 20 with the numbers of 177 to 200, keeping the supply of the reactant gas of the anode flow field plates of all the sub-fuel cells 20 unchanged, and monitoring the voltage change of all the sub-fuel cells 20 and the sub-fuel cells 20 with the reversed-pole voltage first.
And (3) under the constant current test condition, performing air shortage treatment on the anode flow field plates 21 of the sub-fuel cells 20 with the numbers of 1 to 200, keeping the supply of the reactant gas of the cathode flow field plates of all the sub-fuel cells 20 unchanged, and monitoring the voltage change condition of all the sub-fuel cells 20 and the sub-fuel cells 20 with the counter-pole voltage appearing first.
And (3) under the constant current test condition, performing air shortage treatment on the cathode flow field plates 27 of the sub-fuel cells 20 with the numbers of 1 to 200, keeping the supply of the reactant gas of the anode flow field plates of all the sub-fuel cells 20 unchanged, and monitoring the voltage change condition of all the sub-fuel cells 20 and the sub-fuel cells 20 with the reversed-pole voltage.
Experiments 1 to 6 comprehensively simulate the local or overall gas shortage working condition of the anode flow field plate or the cathode flow field plate of the fuel cell in the working process, and the voltage monitoring of each sub-fuel cell 20 in each embodiment can clearly observe the position where the fuel cell firstly generates the reversal and the voltage distribution of the reversal under each condition, thereby being beneficial to guiding researchers to further and deeply research the reversal resistant work of the fuel cell.
The above embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A fuel cell reverse polarity voltage distribution testing apparatus, characterized by comprising:
the test bench is provided with a plurality of mounting positions arranged at intervals;
a plurality of sub-fuel cells, a plurality of sub-cavities are formed by separating the cavity of a mould for processing an anode gas diffusion layer, an anode catalyst layer, a proton exchange membrane, a cathode catalyst layer and a cathode gas diffusion layer of the fuel cell, processing and forming an anode gas diffusion layer, an anode catalyst layer, a proton exchange membrane, a cathode catalyst layer and a cathode gas diffusion layer of the sub-fuel cells through each sub-cavity, wherein each sub-fuel cell can be spliced to form the fuel cell, and each sub-fuel cell is sequentially fixed at each mounting position;
the anode gas supply unit is connected with the anode flow field plates of the sub-fuel cells, and is used for supplying reaction gas to the anode flow field plates and controlling all or part of the anode flow field plates to be short of gas;
the cathode gas supply unit is connected with the cathode flow field plates of the sub-fuel cells and used for supplying reaction gas to the cathode flow field plates and controlling all or part of the cathode flow field plates to be short of gas;
the voltage monitoring unit is connected with each sub-fuel cell and is used for monitoring the voltage of each sub-fuel cell, acquiring the voltage change condition of each position when the anode flow field plate or the cathode flow field plate of the fuel cell to be detected is partially or wholly short of air and the specific position where the reverse voltage occurs first;
each mounting position is provided with a mounting hole penetrating through the test board, each sub-fuel cell is fixed in the mounting hole, and an anode flow field plate and a cathode flow field plate of each sub-fuel cell are respectively positioned on two sides of the test board;
the anode gas supply unit comprises a plurality of first gas supply pipes and first flow regulating valves, each first gas supply pipe is respectively connected with the anode flow field plate of the sub-fuel cell and used for supplying reaction gas to the anode flow field plate of the sub-fuel cell, and the first flow regulating valves are arranged on the first gas supply pipes and used for regulating the gas flow of the first gas supply pipes;
the cathode gas supply unit comprises a plurality of second gas supply pipes and second flow regulating valves, each second gas supply pipe is respectively connected with the cathode flow field plate of the sub-fuel cell and used for supplying reaction gas to the cathode flow field plate of the sub-fuel cell, and the second flow regulating valves are arranged on the second gas supply pipes and used for regulating the gas flow of the second gas supply pipes.
2. The apparatus for testing the distribution of reverse-polarity voltage of a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein said anode gas supply unit further comprises a first gas supply main pipe for connecting a first gas supply device, each of said first gas supply pipes being connected to said first gas supply main pipe.
3. The apparatus for testing the distribution of reverse-polarity voltage of a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein said cathode gas supply unit further comprises a second gas supply main pipe for connecting a second gas supply device, each of said second gas supply pipes being connected to said second gas supply main pipe.
4. A fuel cell reverse voltage distribution testing method performed by the fuel cell reverse voltage distribution testing apparatus of any one of claims 1~3, comprising the steps of:
s100: the anode gas supply unit supplies gas to anode flow field plates of all the sub-fuel cells, the cathode gas supply unit supplies gas to cathode flow field plates of all the sub-fuel cells, and the voltage monitoring unit monitors the voltage of each sub-fuel cell;
s200: the anode gas supply unit is used for starving part or all of the anode flow field plates, or the cathode gas supply unit is used for starving part or all of the cathode flow field plates;
s300: acquiring the voltage change condition of each sub fuel cell, and monitoring the sub fuel cells with the reversed-pole voltage;
s400: and acquiring the voltage change condition of each position when the cathode flow field plate or the anode flow field plate of the fuel cell is partially or wholly short of air and the specific position where the reverse voltage occurs first according to the voltage change condition of each sub-fuel cell and the sub-fuel cell where the reverse voltage occurs first.
5. The fuel cell bipolar voltage distribution test method according to claim 4, wherein before S200, each of the sub fuel cells is numbered to obtain a corresponding portion of each of the sub fuel cells in the fuel cell by the number.
6. The fuel cell reverse polarity voltage distribution test method of claim 4, wherein in S200, a part or all of the anode flow field plates are controlled to be under-inflated by adjusting the first flow rate adjustment valve, or a part or all of the cathode flow field plates are controlled to be under-inflated by adjusting the second flow rate adjustment valve.
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| CN105161737B (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-08-01 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Fuel-cell device |
| CN108172870B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2024-06-11 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Gas deficiency detection device and gas deficiency detection method for fuel cell |
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