CN115616031A - Transient high-overload explosive impact testing method - Google Patents
Transient high-overload explosive impact testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115616031A CN115616031A CN202211264208.5A CN202211264208A CN115616031A CN 115616031 A CN115616031 A CN 115616031A CN 202211264208 A CN202211264208 A CN 202211264208A CN 115616031 A CN115616031 A CN 115616031A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/50—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating flash-point; by investigating explosibility
- G01N25/54—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating flash-point; by investigating explosibility by determining explosibility
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of explosion testing, and discloses a transient high-overload explosion impact testing method, which comprises the following steps: s1, determining the equivalent of explosives to be tested and the explosion range; s2, setting an explosion test field; after the falling point of the explosion fragment is obtained through S1, selecting an explosion test field according to the falling point of the explosion fragment; s3, measuring explosion impact force; and S4, analyzing results of explosion impact force, measuring the impact force by the aid of multiple set devices, improving measurement precision, avoiding precision reduction caused by impact force influence on a single measurement device, establishing an impact force fitting curve by taking the measurement device far away from an explosion center as a reference by the aid of a set numerical value fitting method, merging actual numerical values in a confidence interval into the fitting curve, and calibrating for multiple times, so that the measurement precision of the impact force is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of explosion testing, in particular to a transient high-overload explosion impact testing method.
Background
In correspondence with an overload, the meaning of a high overload may be interpreted as "very excessive", i.e. the overload has reached a rather high degree. The same overload strength, high overload in one instance, may not be called high overload in another instance, or even at all. The acceleration of an ammunition system in an overload state is usually more than thousand g, and can reach ten thousand g, tens of thousands g or even more than 10 thousands g in a high overload state.
Generally, a dynamic signal is not a pure sine wave and can be decomposed into a plurality of harmonic components, and the harmonic components are characterized by the amplitude and the phase, each harmonic component is arranged into a frequency spectrum pattern of the dynamic signal according to the frequency, the spectrum characteristic of a transient impact (non-periodic) signal is a continuous spectrum, and the spectrum characteristic of a periodic signal is a discrete (line spectrum) spectrum, the higher the rising time of the spectrum is or the shorter the duration (contact) time of the impact, the higher the frequency of the spectrum is, and the higher the proportion of the high frequency in the spectrum is, such as the impact of hard metal on metal, the duration (contact) time of gunpowder is about tens of microseconds, and the impact of explosion, or explosion, the rising time of the explosion can be shorter than ten microseconds, the high frequency component of the spectrum can reach dozens of hertz, so that if the high frequency component of the impact is accurately measured, the measured impact accelerometer has a higher resonance frequency (higher than 50 Khz) and a larger dynamic range (100, 000g), and when the impact acceleration of the short duration (contact) of the short duration of the impact is measured, the impact acceleration is distorted, and the impact measurement precision is reduced because of the impact is caused by the decrease of the impact.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a transient high-overload explosion impact testing method.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a transient high overload explosive impact test method comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the equivalent of an explosive to be tested and an explosion range;
s2, setting an explosion test field;
after the falling point of the explosion fragment is obtained through S1, selecting an explosion test field according to the falling point of the explosion fragment;
s3, measuring explosion impact force;
and S4, analyzing the result of the explosion impact force.
Preferably, S1 specifically includes:
s1.1, calculating the equivalent of an explosive to be tested;
s1.2, acquiring various parameters of the explosion shock wave;
s1.3, determining the initial speed of the explosive fragments;
s1.4, carrying out stress analysis on the explosion fragments and determining a drop point;
and S1.5, determining the explosion range according to the explosion drop point obtained in the S1.4.
Preferably, S1.1 specifically includes: the formula for the explosion of the ground explosives is as follows:
M TNT =K*M T
in the formula, M TNT TNT equivalent for explosion equivalence, K is the explosion coefficient of the explosive, M T Is the mass of the explosive.
Preferably, S1.2 specifically includes: after determining the explosive power, parameters of the explosive shock wave, such as the specific impulse i, can be obtained s Lateral pressure p s For determining the acceleration effect of the blast shock wave on the fragment.
Preferably, S1.3 specifically includes: the velocity sources obtained by the explosion fragments in the explosion include the acceleration of the fragments by the high-pressure gas when the ammunition is burst and the acceleration of the fragments by the explosion shock wave; wherein the initial velocity of the fragments under the action of the high-pressure gas is calculated by the formula
Wherein u is the velocity obtained by the chips, U, P, k is the intermediate variable, a q Is constant, is the speed of sound in the gas generated by the explosion, p is constant, is the pressure resistance of the ammunition casing, p 0 Is constant and is the atmospheric pressure, V, of the location where the explosion occurred 0 Is constant is the volume of the ammunition casing, M c Is constant is the mass of the ammunition casing, m p Mass of the ammunition casing; the velocity u obtained by the high-pressure gas acting on the fragments can be obtained by the above formula
The initial velocity calculation formula obtained by the action of the explosion shock wave on the fragments is
Where v is the velocity of the fragment obtained by the action of the shock wave, i s Is a parameter that can be determined in S1.2, is the specific impulse of the detonation shock wave, and C D Is the fragment resistance coefficient determined in S1.2, A is the fragment stress area determined in S1.2, p s Determining the lateral pressure of the explosion shock wave in S1.2, and substituting known conditions into the equation to solve the velocity v obtained by the action of the shock wave on the fragments;
determining the velocity u obtained by the high-pressure gas acting on the fragments and the velocity v obtained by the shock wave acting on the fragments, i.e. the velocity v of the fragments projected to different directions according to the vector composition p The formula for the vector synthesis velocity is as follows:
preferably, S1.4 specifically includes: the stress analysis is carried out on the explosive fragments, and the differential equation system of fragment flight can be listed by considering the fragment speed direction in the case of an oxy plane as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,is the acceleration in the x-direction of the debris as it flies,is the velocity of the debris in the x-direction when flying,is the acceleration in the y-direction of the flight of the debris,the speed of the debris in the y direction during flying, A is the stress area of the debris determined in S1.2, C D Is the coefficient of fragment resistance, C, determined in S1.2 L Is the fragment lift coefficient determined in S1.2, ρ is the fragment density determined in S1.2, m P The mass of the fragment determined in S1.2, alpha is the angle of attack of the fragment determined in S1.2 when flying, the initial position of the fragment after the explosion occurred (x) 0 ,y 0 0) known, initial velocityIt is known that the position (x) at each time in the flight of the debris can therefore be solved iteratively t ,y t 0), and with terrain data (x) in a geographic information system r ,y I 0) comparison and determination of y by iterative method t =y l Stopping iterative computation, falling the fragment on the ground, and setting the coordinate of the falling point of the fragment as (x) t ,y t 0); for fragments with initial velocity not in the oxy plane, first determine the instantaneous velocity V of the explosion according to the velocity V of the explosionThe included angle of the xy plane is gamma, and then the falling point coordinate (x) of the fragment is determined by an iteration method t ,cosγ,y t ,x t sin γ); the force-bearing drop point of the explosive fragments can be determined.
Preferably, S3 specifically includes: and sequentially arranging a plurality of impact force testing modules from the explosion center to the explosion periphery on a test field, and measuring the impact force through the testing modules after the explosion test is started.
Preferably, S4 specifically includes: sequentially acquiring impact force values from the periphery of the explosion to the explosion center, establishing a fitting curve through the values, comparing subsequent values with predicted values of the fitting curve, and if the variance between the actual values and the predicted values of the fitting curve is within a confidence interval, importing the actual values into a fitting curve equation and processing subsequent data.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a transient high-overload explosive impact testing method, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the transient high-overload explosive impact testing method, the impact force is measured through the multiple devices, the measuring precision can be improved, and the precision reduction caused by the impact force of a single measuring device is avoided.
2. According to the transient high-overload explosion impact testing method, an impact force fitting curve can be established by taking a measuring device far away from an explosion center as a reference through a set numerical value fitting method, and actual numerical values in a confidence interval are merged into the fitting curve for multiple times of calibration, so that the measuring accuracy of the impact force is improved.
3. According to the transient high-overload explosive impact testing method, the fragment distribution during the explosive test can be estimated and calculated through the set explosive fragment measuring method, so that the test range is determined.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1, the method includes the following steps:
s1, determining the equivalent of explosives to be tested and the explosion range;
wherein, the S1 specifically includes:
s1.1, calculating the equivalent of an explosive to be tested;
wherein S1.1 specifically comprises: the formula for the explosion of the ground explosives is as follows:
M TNT =K*M T
in the formula, M TNT TNT equivalent for explosion equivalence, K is the explosion coefficient of the explosive, M T Mass of explosives;
s1.2, acquiring various parameters of the explosion shock wave;
wherein S1.2 specifically comprises: after determining the explosive power, parameters of the explosive shock wave, such as the specific impulse i, can be obtained s Lateral pressure p s For determining the acceleration effect of the blast shock wave on the fragments;
s1.3, determining the initial speed of the explosive fragments;
wherein S1.3 specifically comprises: the velocity sources obtained by the explosion fragments in the explosion include the acceleration of the fragments by the high-pressure gas when the ammunition is burst and the acceleration of the fragments by the explosion shock wave; wherein the initial velocity of the fragments under the action of the high-pressure gas is calculated by the formula
Wherein u is the velocity obtained by the chips, U, P, k is the intermediate variable, a q Is constant, is the speed of sound in the gas generated by the explosion, p is constant, is the pressure resistance of the ammunition casing, p 0 Is constant and is the atmospheric pressure, V, of the location where the explosion occurred 0 Is constant is the volume of the ammunition casing, M c Is constant is the mass of the ammunition casing, m p Mass of the ammunition casing; the velocity u obtained by the high-pressure gas acting on the fragments can be obtained by the above formula
The initial velocity calculation formula obtained by the action of the explosion shock wave on the fragments is
Where v is the velocity of the fragment obtained by the action of the shock wave, i s Is a parameter that can be determined in S1.2, is the specific impulse of the detonation shock wave, and C D Is the fragment resistance coefficient determined in S1.2, A is the fragment stress area determined in S1.2, p s Determining the lateral pressure of the explosion shock wave in S1.2, and substituting known conditions into the equation to solve the velocity v obtained by the action of the shock wave on the fragments;
determining the velocity u obtained by the high-pressure gas acting on the fragments and the velocity v obtained by the shock wave acting on the fragments, i.e. the velocity v of the fragments projected to different directions according to the vector composition p The formula for the vector synthesis velocity is as follows:
s1.4, carrying out stress analysis on the explosion fragments and determining a drop point;
wherein S1.4 specifically comprises: the stress analysis is carried out on the explosive fragments, and the differential equation system of fragment flight can be listed by considering the fragment speed direction in the case of an oxy plane as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,is the acceleration in the x-direction of the debris as it flies,is the velocity of the debris in the x-direction as it flies,for addition in y-direction during flight of debrisThe speed of the motor is controlled by the speed of the motor,the speed of the debris in the y direction during flying, A is the stress area of the debris determined in S1.2, C D Is the coefficient of fragment resistance, C, determined in S1.2 L Is the fragment lift coefficient determined in S1.2, ρ is the fragment density determined in S1.2, m P The mass of the fragment determined in S1.2, alpha is the angle of attack of the fragment determined in S1.2 when flying, the initial position of the fragment after the explosion occurred (x) 0 ,y 0 0) known, initial velocityIt is known that the position (x) at each time in the flight of the debris can therefore be solved iteratively t ,y t 0), and with terrain data (x) in a geographic information system r ,y I 0) comparison and determination of y by iterative method t =y l Stopping iterative calculation, falling the fragment on the ground, and setting the coordinates of the falling point of the fragment as (x) t ,y t 0); for fragments with initial speed not in the oxy plane, firstly, determining the included angle between the fragments and the xy plane as gamma according to the instantaneous explosion speed V, and then determining the falling point coordinates (x) of the fragments by an iterative method t ,cosγ,y t ,x t sin γ); so as to determine the stress drop point of the explosive fragments;
s1.5, determining an explosion range according to the explosion drop point obtained in the S1.4;
s2, setting explosion test field
After the falling point of the explosion fragment is obtained through S1, selecting an explosion test field according to the falling point of the explosion fragment;
s3, measuring explosion impact force;
wherein S3 specifically comprises: a plurality of impact force testing modules are sequentially arranged from the explosion center to the explosion periphery on a test field, and the impact force is measured by the testing modules after the explosion test is started
S4, analyzing the result of the explosion impact force;
wherein S4 specifically comprises: sequentially acquiring impact force values from the periphery of the explosion to the explosion center, establishing a fitting curve through the values, comparing subsequent values with predicted values of the fitting curve, and if the variance between the actual values and the predicted values of the fitting curve is within a confidence interval, importing the actual values into a fitting curve equation and processing subsequent data.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a reference structure" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Claims (8)
1. A transient high overload explosive impact test method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the equivalent of an explosive to be tested and an explosion range;
s2, setting an explosion test field;
after the falling point of the explosion fragments is obtained through S1, selecting an explosion test field according to the falling point of the explosion fragments
S3, measuring explosion impact force;
and S4, analyzing the result of the explosion impact force.
2. The method for testing the transient high overload explosive impact according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: wherein, the S1 specifically includes:
s1.1, calculating the equivalent of an explosive to be tested;
s1.2, acquiring various parameters of the explosion shock wave;
s1.3, determining the initial speed of the explosion fragments;
s1.4, carrying out stress analysis on the explosion fragments and determining a drop point;
and S1.5, determining the explosion range according to the explosion drop point obtained in the S1.4.
3. The method for testing the transient high overload explosive impact according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: wherein S1.1 specifically comprises: the formula for the explosion of the ground explosives is as follows:
M TNT =K*M T
in the formula, M TNT TNT equivalent for explosion equivalence, K is the explosion coefficient of the explosive, M T Is the mass of the explosive.
4. The method for testing the transient high overload explosive impact according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: wherein S1.2 specifically comprises: after determining the explosive power, parameters of the explosive shock wave, such as the specific impulse i, can be obtained s Lateral pressure p s For determining the acceleration effect of the blast shock wave on the fragment.
5. The method for testing the transient high overload explosive impact according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: wherein S1.3 specifically comprises: the velocity sources obtained by the explosion fragments in the explosion include the acceleration of the fragments by the high-pressure gas when the ammunition is burst and the acceleration of the fragments by the explosion shock wave; wherein the initial velocity of the fragments under the action of the high-pressure gas is calculated by the formula
Wherein u is the velocity obtained by the chips, U, P, k is the intermediate variable, a q Is constant, is the speed of sound in the gas generated by the explosion, p is constant, is the pressure resistance of the ammunition casing, p 0 Is a constant, is an explosion occurrence bitAtmospheric pressure, V 0 Is constant is the volume of the ammunition casing, M c Is constant is the mass of the ammunition casing, m p Mass of the ammunition casing; the velocity u obtained by the high-pressure gas acting on the fragments can be obtained by the above formula
The initial velocity calculation formula obtained by the action of the explosion shock wave on the fragments is
Where v is the velocity of the fragment obtained by the action of the shock wave, i s Is a parameter that can be determined in S1.2, is the specific impulse of the detonation shock wave, and C D Is the fragment resistance coefficient determined in S1.2, A is the fragment stress area determined in S1.2, p s Determining the lateral pressure of the explosion shock wave in S1.2, and substituting known conditions into the equation to solve the velocity v obtained by the action of the shock wave on the fragments;
determining the velocity u obtained by the high-pressure gas acting on the fragments and the velocity v obtained by the shock wave acting on the fragments, i.e. the velocity v of the fragments projected to different directions according to the vector composition p The formula for the vector synthesis velocity is as follows:
6. the method for testing the transient high overload explosive impact according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: wherein S1.4 specifically comprises: the explosion fragments are subjected to stress analysis, and the differential equation system of fragment flight can be listed by considering the fragment velocity direction in the case of an oxy plane as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,is the acceleration in the x-direction of the debris as it flies,is the velocity of the debris in the x-direction when flying,is the acceleration in the y-direction of the flight of the debris,the speed of the debris in the y direction during flying, A is the stress area of the debris determined in S1.2, C D Is the coefficient of fragment resistance, C, determined in S1.2 L Is the fragment lift coefficient determined in S1.2, ρ is the fragment density determined in S1.2, m P The mass of the fragment determined in S1.2, alpha is the angle of attack of the fragment determined in S1.2 when flying, the initial position of the fragment after the explosion occurred (x) 0 ,y 0 0) known, initial velocityAs is known, the position (x) at each time in flight of the debris can therefore be solved iteratively t ,y t 0), and with terrain data (x) in a geographic information system r ,y l 0) comparison and determination of y by iterative method t =y l Stopping iterative calculation, falling the fragment on the ground, and setting the coordinates of the falling point of the fragment as (x) t ,y t 0); for fragments with initial speed not in the oxy plane, firstly, determining the included angle between the fragments and the xy plane as gamma according to the instantaneous explosion speed V, and then determining the falling point coordinates (x) of the fragments by an iterative method t cosγ,y t ,x t sin γ); the force-bearing drop point of the explosive fragments can be determined.
7. The method for testing the transient high overload explosive impact according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: wherein S3 specifically comprises: and sequentially arranging a plurality of impact force testing modules from the explosion center to the explosion periphery on a test field, and measuring the impact force through the testing modules after the explosion test is started.
8. The method for testing the transient high overload explosive impact according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: wherein S4 specifically comprises: sequentially acquiring impact force values from the periphery of the explosion to the explosion center, establishing a fitting curve through the values, comparing subsequent values with predicted values of the fitting curve, and if the variance between the actual values and the predicted values of the fitting curve is within a confidence interval, importing the actual values into a fitting curve equation and processing subsequent data.
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