CN115615932A - Polarization imaging spectrometer system and polarization imaging spectrometer imaging method - Google Patents
Polarization imaging spectrometer system and polarization imaging spectrometer imaging method Download PDFInfo
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/21—Polarisation-affecting properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
- G01J3/0208—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using focussing or collimating elements, e.g. lenses or mirrors; performing aberration correction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/447—Polarisation spectrometry
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
Abstract
A polarization imaging spectrometer system and a polarization imaging spectrometer imaging method belong to the technical field of spectrometers and solve the problems that space information and spectral information of a target object lack accuracy and instantaneity and mechanical parts are complex due to the fact that an existing polarization imaging spectrometer system is long in time for obtaining seven-dimensional optical information of the target object. The front-end imaging module sends the received target object image to the micro-lens array module; the micro lens array module divides a view field of the target object image and sends the target object image to the micro polaroid array module; the micro-polaroid array module divides a view field unit obtained after view field division into four unit images with different polarization directions and sends the unit images to the rear-end imaging module; the rear-end imaging module converges and images the unit images in four different polarization directions and sends the unit images to the control module; and the processing module is used for processing the images converged by the rear-end imaging module by a polarization spectrum reconstruction algorithm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spectrometers, in particular to a polarization imaging spectrometer system and a polarization imaging spectrometer imaging method.
Background
The polarized spectrum imaging expands the information quantity from three dimensions (spectrum, light intensity and space) to seven dimensions (spectrum, light intensity, space, polarization degree, polarization angle, polarization ellipse and rotation direction), has the advantages which cannot be compared with the intensity information, and provides an effective way for comprehensively and deeply researching the polarized spectrum characteristics of the target. By analyzing the polarization spectral characteristics of the target, the information such as chemical components, properties and the like of the target can be accurately and effectively acquired, and the method is widely applied to the fields of modern medical treatment, environmental monitoring, astronomical observation, military reconnaissance and the like nowadays.
The existing polarization imaging spectrometer needs to perform multiple exposures and multiple scans on a target in each dimension to obtain complete spectral information of the target, namely, one exposure or one scan can only obtain information of a certain plane or two-dimensional image, so that observation time is prolonged, spatial information and spectral information of the target are not obtained by simultaneous observation, and the longer the observation time is, the more inaccurate the obtained information is because the surrounding environment changes along with time; for obtaining the polarization information, a time-sharing, amplitude-dividing, aperture-dividing, focus-dividing and snapshot type polarization imaging method is required, and the defects of poor real-time performance, low measurement precision of a dynamic target, complex structure of mechanical parts, difficulty in mechanical installation and adjustment, high requirement on inter-channel calibration precision, large volume and the like exist.
Therefore, the existing polarization imaging spectrometer system has the following defects:
1) Due to the fact that the time for obtaining the seven-dimensional optical information of the target object is long, the accuracy and the real-time performance of the spatial information and the spectral information of the target object are poor;
2) The mechanical parts have complex structures, difficult mechanical installation and adjustment, high requirement on the calibration precision among channels and larger volume.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problems that the existing polarization imaging spectrometer system is lack of accuracy and real-time performance of space information and spectral information of a target object and complicated mechanical parts because the seven-dimensional optical information of the target object is obtained for a long time.
The invention relates to a polarization imaging spectrometer system which comprises a front-end imaging module, a micro lens array module, a micro polaroid array module, a rear-end imaging module and a processing module;
the front-end imaging module sends the received target object image to the micro-lens array module;
the micro lens array module divides a target object image into fields of view and sends the divided images to the micro polaroid array module;
the micro-polaroid array module divides a view field unit image obtained after view field division into four unit images with different polarization directions and sends the unit images to the rear-end imaging module;
the rear-end imaging module converges and images the unit images in four different polarization directions and sends the unit images to the processing module;
and the processing module is used for processing the image converged by the rear-end imaging module by a spectrum polarization reconstruction algorithm.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the back-end imaging module includes a collimating module, a light splitting module, a focusing module and a detecting module;
the collimation module converts the unit images in four different polarization directions into parallel beams and then sends the parallel beams to the light splitting module;
the light splitting module is used for dispersing the parallel light beams and then sending the dispersed parallel light beams to the focusing module;
the focusing module converges the chromatic dispersion and then sends the converged chromatic dispersion to the detection module;
and the detection module images the converged light beam and sends the light beam to the processing module.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the microlens array module is located at a focal plane of the front-end imaging module.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the microlens array module is an array composed of lenses with a clear aperture and a relief depth of the order of micrometers.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the array arrangement of the microlens array modules is a 100 × 100 pattern.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the micro polarizer array module is located at a focal plane of the micro lens array module.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the light splitting module is a dispersion element of a combination of a volume holographic grating and a prism.
The invention relates to an imaging method of a polarization imaging spectrometer, which is realized by adopting the polarization imaging spectrometer system of the method and comprises the following steps:
s1, a front-end imaging module sends a received target object image to a micro-lens array module;
s2, the micro lens array module divides a view field of the target object image and sends the target object image to the micro polaroid array module;
s3, the micro-polaroid array module divides a view field unit image obtained after view field division into four unit images with different polarization directions and sends the unit images to the collimation module;
s4, converting the unit images in the four different polarization directions into parallel beams by the collimation module, and then sending the parallel beams to the light splitting module;
s5, the light splitting module disperses the parallel light beams and then sends the dispersed parallel light beams to the focusing module;
s6, the focusing module converges the chromatic dispersion and then sends the chromatic dispersion to the detection module;
s7, imaging the converged light beam by the detection module and then sending the light beam to the processing module;
and S8, the processing module carries out spectral polarization reconstruction algorithm processing on the image converged by the detection module.
The invention solves the problems that the space information and the spectrum information of a target object lack accuracy and instantaneity and mechanical parts are complex because the existing polarization imaging spectrometer system has long time for acquiring the seven-dimensional optical information of the target object. The method has the following specific beneficial effects:
1. the invention relates to a polarization imaging spectrometer system, which images an observed target object on a focal plane of a front-end imaging module, uses a micro-lens array module as an integral view field unit, continuously divides a target object image into a plurality of view field units with different view fields through the micro-lens array module, then divides the target object image into unit images with four different polarization directions through a micro-polaroid array module, finally converges and images the unit images with the four different polarization directions through a rear-end imaging module, and sends the unit images to a processing module to obtain seven-dimensional optical information in a two-dimensional view field. Compared with a slit polarization imaging spectrometer system which can obtain seven-dimensional optical information by multiple scanning in the prior art, the micro lens array module replaces a slit or an aperture of the existing imaging spectrometer system, and the micro polaroid array module replaces a rotatable polaroid or a polarization modulation device of the existing imaging spectrometer system, so that the seven-dimensional optical information is obtained at one time;
2. according to the polarization imaging spectrometer system, the light splitting module adopts the dispersion element formed by combining the volume holographic grating and the prism, the light splitting module can optimize the structure size and improve the dispersion efficiency, the volume holographic grating has extremely high diffraction efficiency, the peak efficiency can reach more than 95%, and the system has important significance for the detection sensitivity of a split field imaging spectrometer;
3. the micro lens array module is an array formed by lenses with micron-sized clear aperture and embossment depth, not only has the basic functions of focusing and imaging of the existing lenses, but also has the characteristics of small unit size and high integration degree, so that the micro lens array module can complete the functions which cannot be completed by the traditional optical element and can form a plurality of novel optical systems.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a polarization imaging spectrometer system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a dispersion element of a volume holographic grating and prism combination according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
Various embodiments of the present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described by referring to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The polarization imaging spectrometer system comprises a front-end imaging module, a micro lens array module, a micro polaroid array module, a rear-end imaging module and a processing module;
the front-end imaging module sends the received target object image to the micro-lens array module;
the micro lens array module divides a target object image into fields of view and sends the divided images to the micro polaroid array module;
the micro-polaroid array module divides a view field unit image obtained after view field division into four unit images with different polarization directions and then sends the unit images to the rear-end imaging module;
the rear-end imaging module converges and images the unit images in four different polarization directions and sends the unit images to the processing module;
and the processing module is used for processing the images converged by the rear-end imaging module by a polarization spectrum reconstruction algorithm.
In this embodiment, the rear-end imaging module includes a collimating module, a light splitting module, a focusing module, and a detecting module;
the collimation module converts the unit images in four different polarization directions into parallel beams and then sends the parallel beams to the light splitting module;
the light splitting module is used for dispersing the parallel light beams and then sending the dispersed parallel light beams to the focusing module;
the focusing module converges the chromatic dispersion and then sends the chromatic dispersion to the detecting module;
and the detection module images the converged light beam and sends the light beam to the processing module.
In this embodiment, the microlens array module is located at the focal plane of the front-end imaging module.
In this embodiment, the microlens array module is an array including lenses having a clear aperture and a relief depth of the order of micrometers.
In this embodiment, the array arrangement of the microlens array module is a 100 × 100 pattern.
In this embodiment, the micro polarizer array module is located at the focal plane of the micro lens array module.
In this embodiment, the light splitting module is a dispersion element in which a volume hologram grating and a prism are combined.
The imaging method of the polarization imaging spectrometer in the present embodiment is implemented by using the polarization imaging spectrometer system in the above embodiment, and includes the following steps:
s1, a front-end imaging module sends a received target object image to a micro-lens array module;
s2, the micro lens array module divides a view field of the target object image and sends the target object image to the micro polaroid array module;
s3, the micro-polaroid array module divides a view field unit image obtained after view field division into four unit images with different polarization directions and sends the unit images to the collimation module;
s4, converting the unit images in the four different polarization directions into parallel beams by the collimation module, and then sending the parallel beams to the light splitting module;
s5, the light splitting module disperses the parallel light beams and then sends the dispersed parallel light beams to the focusing module;
s6, the focusing module converges the chromatic dispersion and then sends the chromatic dispersion to the detecting module;
s7, imaging the converged light beam by the detection module and then sending the light beam to the processing module;
and S8, the processing module performs spectral polarization reconstruction algorithm processing on the image converged by the detection module.
The present embodiment provides an actual implementation manner based on the polarization imaging spectrometer system of the present invention:
as shown in fig. 1, the front-end imaging module obtains a target object image;
the micro lens array module divides the target object image into a plurality of unit images with different view fields, and is arranged on the focal plane of the front-end imaging module;
the micro-polaroid array module divides the unit images of the plurality of different fields of view into unit images of four different polarization directions, and is arranged at the focal plane of the micro-lens array module;
the rear-end imaging module converges and images the unit images in four different polarization directions and sends the unit images to the processing module;
the processing module carries out spectral polarization reconstruction algorithm processing on the image converged by the rear-end imaging module;
the collimation module is arranged between the micro-lens array module and the focusing module and converts the unit images in the four different polarization directions into parallel beams;
the light splitting module is arranged between the collimation module and the detection module and is used for dispersing the parallel light beams;
the focusing module converges the chromatic dispersion and then sends the chromatic dispersion to the detecting module;
and the detection module images the converged light beam and sends the light beam to the processing module.
When the front-end imaging module acquires a long-distance target object image, the target object can be directly observed and analyzed, the image from the target object is imaged on the micro-lens array module through the front-end imaging module, the micro-lens array module divides the image into view fields, the divided unit images with different view fields are divided into unit images with different polarization directions through the micro-polarizer array module, then the unit images are collimated through the collimating module and split through the light splitting module, finally the unit images are imaged on the detection module through the focusing module, the image on the detection module is processed through a subsequent spectral polarization reconstruction algorithm, and finally seven-dimensional polarized spectral information of the target is obtained.
Compared with the slit type polarization imaging spectrometer system which needs a polarization modulation device and needs multiple scanning to obtain seven-dimensional optical information in the prior art, the polarization imaging spectrometer system can obtain the seven-dimensional optical information at one time, so that the polarization spectrum information obtaining time of a target object is shortened, the high light efficiency is improved, and the light loss is reduced.
On the basis of the polarization imaging spectrometer system, the front-end imaging module acquires a long-distance target object image.
When observing and analyzing a target object directly, a front-end imaging module is used to image the target object directly on a microlens array module, which is generally an imaging lens common in the prior art, such as an imaging lens of an optical telescope.
As shown in fig. 2, the light splitting module is a dispersion element combining a volume holographic grating and a prism;
the light splitting element module adopts a prism-grating (PG) combined with a volume holographic grating, the structure size can be optimized, the dispersion efficiency is improved, the volume holographic grating has extremely high diffraction efficiency, the peak efficiency can reach more than 95%, and the light splitting element module has important significance for the detection sensitivity of a split field imaging spectrometer.
On the basis of the polarization imaging spectrometer system, the micro lens array module is an array formed by lenses with micron-sized clear aperture and embossment depth, not only has the basic functions of focusing, imaging and the like of the conventional lenses, but also has the characteristics of small unit size and high integration degree, so that the micro lens array module can complete the functions which cannot be completed by the conventional optical elements, and can form a plurality of novel optical systems.
The image passes through the micro lens array module and then forms micro apertures, the micro apertures are used as the incident apertures of the spectrometer system at the rear end, the surface source imaged at the focal plane of the imaging module at the front end is divided into a plurality of unit images, and the unit images are dispersed into corresponding spectrums by the spectrometer. The micro lens array module is an array arrangement of small lenses, and has 100 small lenses in the transverse direction and 100 small lenses in the longitudinal direction, and of course, including but not limited to a 100 × 100 mode, the micro lens array module can be specifically designed according to actual requirements.
The rotation angle of the microlens array module refers to an angle of the rectangular microlens array module with respect to the dispersion direction. If the micro-lens array module does not rotate, the spectrums are overlapped with each other and rotate by an angle, and the rotation angle is calculated according to the spectrum resolution, the number of pixels of the detection module, the size of the pixels and the number of arrays of the micro-lens array module.
In summary, an observation target object is imaged on a focal plane of the front-end imaging device, the microlens array is used as an integral view field unit, the target object image is continuously cut into a plurality of unit images of different view fields through the microlens array, the unit images are divided into four pieces of polarization information of different polarization directions through the micro-polarizer array, and finally the polarization information is acquired by the detection module through the rear-end imaging device, so that seven-dimensional optical information in the two-dimensional view field is obtained.
The above detailed description is made on a polarization imaging spectrometer system and a polarization imaging spectrometer imaging method proposed by the present invention, and the principle and the implementation of the present invention are explained in the present document by applying specific examples, and the description of the above examples is only used to help understanding the method of the present invention and the core idea thereof; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A polarization imaging spectrometer system is characterized by comprising a front-end imaging module, a micro-lens array module, a micro-polaroid array module, a rear-end imaging module and a processing module;
the front-end imaging module sends the received target object image to the micro-lens array module;
the micro lens array module divides a target object image into fields of view and sends the divided images to the micro polaroid array module;
the micro-polaroid array module divides a view field unit image obtained after view field division into four unit images with different polarization directions and then sends the unit images to the rear-end imaging module;
the rear-end imaging module converges and images the unit images in four different polarization directions and sends the unit images to the processing module;
and the processing module is used for processing the image converged by the rear-end imaging module by a spectrum polarization reconstruction algorithm.
2. The polarization imaging spectrometer system according to claim 1, wherein the back-end imaging module comprises a collimating module, a beam splitting module, a focusing module and a detecting module;
the collimation module converts the unit images in four different polarization directions into parallel light beams and then sends the parallel light beams to the light splitting module;
the light splitting module is used for dispersing the parallel light beams and then sending the dispersed parallel light beams to the focusing module;
the focusing module converges the chromatic dispersion and then sends the chromatic dispersion to the detecting module;
and the detection module images the converged light beam and sends the light beam to the processing module.
3. The polarization imaging spectrometer system according to claim 1, wherein the micro lens array module is located at the focal plane of the front end imaging module.
4. The polarization imaging spectrometer system according to claim 1, wherein the micro lens array module is an array of micro lenses with micron-sized clear aperture and relief depth.
5. The polarization imaging spectrometer system according to claim 1, wherein the array of microlens array modules is arranged in a 100 x 100 mode.
6. The polarization imaging spectrometer system according to claim 1, wherein the micro-polarizer array module is located at the focal plane of the micro-lens array module.
7. The polarization imaging spectrometer system according to claim 2, wherein the light splitting module is a combined volume holographic grating and prism dispersive element.
8. A method of imaging by a polarization imaging spectrometer, the method being implemented by a polarization imaging spectrometer system of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, a front-end imaging module sends a received target object image to a micro-lens array module;
s2, the micro lens array module divides a view field of the target object image and sends the target object image to the micro polaroid array module;
s3, the micro-polarizer array module divides a view field unit image obtained after view field division into four unit images with different polarization directions and sends the unit images to the collimation module;
s4, converting the unit images in the four different polarization directions into parallel beams by the collimation module, and then sending the parallel beams to the light splitting module;
s5, the light splitting module disperses the parallel light beams and then sends the dispersed parallel light beams to the focusing module;
s6, the focusing module converges the chromatic dispersion and then sends the chromatic dispersion to the detection module;
s7, imaging the converged light beam by the detection module and then sending the light beam to the processing module;
and S8, the processing module carries out spectral polarization reconstruction algorithm processing on the image converged by the detection module.
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