CN115615753A - Silt sampling device and sampling method - Google Patents
Silt sampling device and sampling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115615753A CN115615753A CN202211630489.1A CN202211630489A CN115615753A CN 115615753 A CN115615753 A CN 115615753A CN 202211630489 A CN202211630489 A CN 202211630489A CN 115615753 A CN115615753 A CN 115615753A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N2001/1006—Dispersed solids
- G01N2001/1012—Suspensions
- G01N2001/1025—Liquid suspensions; Slurries; Mud; Sludge
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Abstract
The invention discloses a silt sampling device and a sampling method, which belong to the technical field of deepwater silt sampling and are used for sampling deepwater silt; the backup pad rotates when square pipe sample, thereby can be in real time to the sampling pipe, the straightness that hangs down of square pipe is checked and is corrected, in order to keep square pipe vertically all the time insert submarine silt, square pipe swing joint is in the sampling socle portion, two symmetrical section boards lose the spacing of square pipe and in time under the effect of punching press spring stifled the bottom in the square pipe in the very first time, and square pipe is under control spring's effect, the bottom opening of square pipe is hugged closely on the section board, thereby the silt mechanical fixation who takes a sample of square pipe inside is preserved, prevent when taking back sampling pipe and square pipe, silt in the square pipe is washed away by rivers, the effect that prevents that the interior silt of square pipe from running off in a large number has been played.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of deepwater sediment sampling, in particular to a sediment sampling device and a sampling method.
Background
The deep water sediment sampling means that sediment at the bottom of deep water is sampled and then analyzed and detected; a patent grant bulletin No. CN 1140786C's silt sampling device, the device supports with the tripod, installs the slide rail in its middle, and the bottom cover of slide rail has the spring, and the pipe clamp lock of constituteing by the three lamella spring bolts that can contract is placed on the spring, and the weight is placed to the spring bolt upper end, links to each other with the weight ring on the weight, and the weight can slide from top to bottom on the slide rail, and the sampling pipe passes the center of tripod, and its top is connected with one-way valve.
In the prior art, in the technical field of deepwater sediment sampling, when a sampling tube is used for sampling deepwater bottom sediment, the sampling tube is generally inserted into deepwater for sampling, and at least the following defects exist in the process and are to be improved: 1. when the sampling tube is hammered by the plumb bob during sampling, the sampling tube is difficult to vertically insert into underwater silt due to reasons such as underwater buoyancy, and the power part of the sampling tube, which is provided by the plumb bob, is offset by the buoyancy of water, so that the acting force of the underwater silt is reduced, and the sampling of the underwater silt is adversely affected; 2. when the sample is taken back, the silt of taking a sample in the sampling tube contacts with rivers all the time, easily causes the silt loss of taking a sample in the sampling tube.
Therefore, a silt sampling device and a sampling method are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sediment sampling device and a sediment sampling method, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a silt sampling device comprises a sampling pipe, wherein the sampling pipe is connected with an external mechanical power device, and the bottom of the sampling pipe is provided with a slope;
the square tube is used for sampling underwater silt, the square tube is movably connected to the bottom of the sampling tube, and a sampling mechanism is arranged in the square tube;
a water permeable pipe network arranged on the square pipe and used for filtering water.
Preferably, the sampling mechanism includes the lag, lag sliding connection is inside the sampling pipe, fixedly connected with control spring in the lag, control spring upper end fixed connection is at sampling intraductal surface top, the lag bottom is rotated and is connected with the lead screw, square pipe top center department runs through and stretches out and a spiral shell section of thick bamboo of fixedly connected with, the lead screw runs through and stretches out a spiral shell section of thick bamboo and with spiral shell section of thick bamboo threaded connection, the square stopper of lead screw bottom fixedly connected with, square stopper sliding connection is in the square pipe.
Preferably, the ring channel has been seted up to the bottom of sampling pipe, set up fixed chamber in the side pipe, the ring channel with fixed chamber corresponds, fixed intracavity runs through to stretch out and sliding connection has the fixture block, set up the bell in the fixture block, fixture block one end fixedly connected with supporting spring, supporting spring fixed connection is at fixed intracavity wall, fixture block one end stretches into in the ring channel and swivelling joint.
Preferably, the upper end face of the square plug is fixedly connected with an inclined wedge strip, and the inclined wedge strip corresponds to the conical opening.
Preferably, the sampling pipe outside is annular equidistant four telescopic strips, every the backup pad that level setting was connected with in telescopic strip bottom fixedly, every a plurality of pearl groove has been seted up to the backup pad bottom, every a ball has been placed to the pearl inslot.
Preferably, four be provided with annular skeleton between expansion strip and the sampling pipe, annular skeleton runs through the sampling pipe and rotates with the sampling pipe to be connected, fixedly connected with T word sliding ring on the annular skeleton, T word sliding ring stretches into the sampling pipe lateral wall and rotates with the sampling pipe to be connected, annular skeleton is towards one side fixedly connected with rounding off arch at sampling pipe center, the helicla flute has been seted up on the protective sheath, rounding off arch stretches into the helicla flute and at helicla flute internal swing joint.
Preferably, two symmetries all seted up one in the backup pad and ended the groove, it stretches out and sliding connection has the cutting plate to run through by the inslot, the cutting plate stretches into the one end fixedly connected with shutoff spring by the groove, shutoff spring one end fixed connection is at ending inslot wall, the one end that the cutting plate stretches out by the groove is supported on square pipe.
Preferably, an L-shaped opening is formed in one of the cutting plates, an L-shaped groove is formed in the other cutting plate, a sliding block is connected in the L-shaped groove in a sliding mode, the sliding block is elastically connected in the L-shaped groove, a wedge block is connected on the sliding block in a sliding mode, and a plugging spring is arranged on the wedge block.
Preferably, a silt sampling method comprises the following steps:
s1: arranging equipment, moving the device to a deep water area needing sampling, and checking and erecting a sampling pipe and a mechanical power device;
s2: sampling, namely powering a sampling pipe by a mechanical power device to move the sampling pipe downwards, and extending a square pipe below the sampling pipe into sediment at the bottom for sampling;
s3: in the protection after sampling, after the sampling is finished, the mechanical power device continues to apply pressure to the sampling tube to enable the sampling tube to continuously move downwards, so that the square tube extends into the inner cavity of the sampling tube, and the bottom opening of the square tube is blocked by the cut-off plate, so that a large amount of silt sampled in the square tube is prevented from losing;
s4: and (3) taking out the sample, pressing the wedge block and enabling the wedge block to leave the opening of the L-shaped opening, then pulling apart the two connected cutting plates, and ejecting the sampling pipe out of the square pipe under the action of the control spring, so that the silt in the square pipe can be simply and conveniently taken out.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the device is moved to a deep water area to be detected, a mechanical power device such as a plumb hammer is utilized to beat the upper end of the sampling pipe to apply power, the mechanical power device works to drive the sampling pipe to move downwards, the square pipe below the sampling pipe moves downwards, the pipe continues to move downwards after extending into underwater silt, the underwater silt enters the square pipe, the square plug can stay on the surface of the silt due to the blocking effect of the underwater silt, the square pipe moves downwards, the screw cylinder fixedly connected to the square pipe moves downwards, the screw rod rotates, the square plug fixed on the screw rod rotates, and as the inner cavities of the square plug and the square pipe are square, the square pipe rotates when the square plug rotates, the square pipe rotates downwards when the square pipe moves downwards to sample the soil, and the bottom of the square pipe is set to be a tip, so that the square pipe can better downwards move for sampling;
2. according to the invention, when the square pipe moves downwards, the fixture block on the square pipe rotates in the annular groove, the square plug stays on the surface of sediment at the bottom all the time, the square plug gradually approaches to the top of the square pipe along with the downward movement of the square pipe, the inclined wedge strip fixedly connected to the square plug extends into the conical opening and then moves upwards, the inclined wedge strip extrudes the fixture block to move towards one side of the supporting spring, the fixture block is separated from the annular groove, and the inclined wedge strip is tightly attached to the top of the inner surface of the square pipe at the moment, so that the sediment in the square pipe is filled at the moment, and the sampling is completed;
3. according to the invention, the four supporting plates are connected to the annular framework through the telescopic strips, and when the sampling pipe and the square pipe move downwards, the four supporting plates are always on the surface of underwater silt, so that the four directions of the periphery of the sampling pipe and the square pipe are limited, the square pipe can only be vertically inserted into the underwater silt for sampling, the sampling quality is favorably improved, and the telescopic design of the telescopic strips can enable the supporting plates acted by the telescopic strips to be always on the surface of the underwater silt when the sampling pipe and the square pipe move downwards;
4. according to the invention, as the square plug and the lead screw fixedly connected with the square plug only rotate and do not move downwards, the protective sleeve rotatably connected with the lead screw does not rotate and does not move downwards, the smooth bulge on the annular framework extends into the spiral groove, the smooth bulge moves in the spiral groove, when the sampling tube and the square tube move downwards, the annular framework moves downwards, the smooth bulge fixedly connected with the annular framework on the sampling tube moves downwards, the smooth bulge rotates in the spiral groove, the annular framework fixedly connected with the smooth bulge rotates, the supporting plate rotates, and the supporting plate rotates when the square tube samples, so that the verticality of the sampling tube and the square tube can be checked and corrected in real time to keep the square tube vertically inserted into sediment at the bottom all the time;
5. according to the invention, under the action of other mechanical power devices such as a plumb bob, the sampling pipe is continuously pressed downwards, the square pipe does not move downwards after being pressed, the square pipe keeps the silt region after sampling is finished and does not move downwards, the sampling pipe moves downwards the inner cavity of the sampling pipe, the square pipe after sampling gradually extends into the sampling pipe, after the square pipe completely extends into the inner cavity of the sampling pipe, the sampling pipe and the square pipe are moved upwards to leave the water surface, two symmetrical section plates lose the limit of the square pipe and are blocked at the bottom of the square pipe at the first time under the action of a stamping spring, and the bottom opening of the square pipe is tightly attached to the section plates under the action of the control spring, so that silt sampled in the square pipe is mechanically fixed and stored, the silt in the square pipe is prevented from being washed away by water flow when the sampling pipe and the square pipe are taken back, and the effect of preventing a large amount of silt in the square pipe from losing is achieved;
6. according to the invention, the two symmetrical section plates move oppositely under the action of the stamping spring, when the two section plates move oppositely to be contacted, the sliding block on one section plate extends into the L-shaped opening in the other section plate symmetrical to the section plate, and the wedge block on the sliding block extends into and is clamped on the opening below the L-shaped opening under the action of the plugging spring, so that the two section plates are fixed together, and the loss of silt for sampling in the square tube can be prevented better;
7. according to the invention, after the sampling pipe and the square pipe are taken back and leave the water surface, when the sampled silt is to be taken out, the wedge block is only required to be pressed and leaves the opening of the L-shaped opening, then the two connected cutting plates are pulled open, and the square pipe is popped out of the sampling pipe under the action of the control spring, so that the silt in the square pipe can be simply and conveniently taken out.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an overall cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an overall schematic view of the protective sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a bottom cross-sectional view of the square tube of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of one side of the protective sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top end section view of the square tube of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of A of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of B of FIG. 4 in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 9 is an enlarged view of C of fig. 4 according to the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a sampling tube; 11. a square tube; 12. a water permeable pipe network; 13. a slope; 2. a sampling mechanism; 21. a protective sleeve; 22. a control spring; 23. a screw rod; 24. a screw cylinder; 25. a square plug; 3. an annular groove; 31. a fixed cavity; 32. a clamping block; 33. a support spring; 34. a tapered mouth; 35. an inclined wedge strip; 4. a telescopic bar; 41. a support plate; 42. a bead groove; 43. a ball bearing; 5. an annular skeleton; 51. a T-shaped slip ring; 52. smooth and smooth bulges are formed; 53. a helical groove; 6. a cut-off groove; 61. cutting the plate; 62. stamping a spring; 7. an L-shaped opening; 71. an L-shaped groove; 72. a slider; 73. a wedge block; 74. and (5) plugging the spring.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, the present invention provides a technical solution:
a silt sampling device comprises a sampling pipe 1, wherein the sampling pipe 1 is connected with an external mechanical power device, and the bottom of the sampling pipe 1 is provided with a slope 13;
the square pipe 11 is used for sampling underwater silt, the square pipe 11 is movably connected to the bottom of the sampling pipe 1, and a sampling mechanism 2 is arranged in the square pipe 11;
a water permeable pipe network 12 arranged on the square pipe 11 and used for filtering water.
As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure, the sampling mechanism 2 includes a protecting sleeve 21, the protecting sleeve 21 is slidably connected inside the sampling tube 1, a control spring 22 is fixedly connected inside the protecting sleeve 21, the upper end of the control spring 22 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner surface of the sampling tube 1, the bottom of the protecting sleeve 21 is rotatably connected with a screw rod 23, a screw cylinder 24 is extended through the center of the top of the square tube 11 and fixedly connected with the screw rod 23, the screw rod 23 is extended through the screw cylinder 24 and is in threaded connection with the screw cylinder 24, the bottom of the screw rod 23 is fixedly connected with a square plug 25, and the square plug 25 is slidably connected inside the square tube 11.
The during operation, move the device to the deep water region that needs the detection, utilize mechanical power device to beat 1 upper end of sampling pipe and exert power like the plummet hammer, mechanical power device work drive sampling pipe 1 downstream, square pipe 11 downstream of sampling pipe 1 below, square pipe 11 continues downstream after stretching into submarine silt, submarine silt gets into square pipe 11, square stopper 25 can stop on the surface of silt owing to the hindrance effect that receives submarine silt, square pipe 11 downstream, square pipe 24 downstream of fixed connection on the square pipe 11, lead screw 23 rotates, square stopper 25 fixed on lead screw 23 rotates, because square stopper 25 and 11 inner chambers of square pipe are all square, square pipe 11 rotates when square stopper 25 rotates, self rotates the downstream when square pipe 11 downstream takes a sample to earth, and square pipe 11's bottom sets up to the pointed end, be favorable to square pipe 11's better sample that moves down.
As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure, an annular groove 3 is formed at the bottom of the sampling tube 1, a fixed cavity 31 is formed in the square tube 11, the annular groove 3 corresponds to the fixed cavity 31, a fixture block 32 extends through and is slidably connected to the fixed cavity 31, a tapered opening 34 is formed in the fixture block 32, one end of the fixture block 32 is fixedly connected to a support spring 33, the support spring 33 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed cavity 31, one end of the fixture block 32 extends into the annular groove 3 and is rotatably connected, an inclined wedge strip 35 is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the square plug 25, and the inclined wedge strip 35 corresponds to the tapered opening 34.
During operation, when square pipe 11 moves down, fixture block 32 on square pipe 11 rotates in ring channel 3, and square stopper 25 is the surface that stops the submarine silt all the time, along with square pipe 11 moves down, square stopper 25 is close to square pipe 11's top gradually, wedge strip 35 of fixed connection stretches into the shape stopper 25 behind the cone 34 and continues the rebound on square stopper 25, thereby wedge strip 35 extrudes fixture block 32 and moves to one side of supporting spring 33 to one side, thereby fixture block 32 leaves ring channel 3, wedge strip 35 hugs closely 11 internal surface tops on square pipe this moment, show that 11 square intraductal silt has been filled up this moment, accomplish the sample.
As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure, four expansion strips 4 are annularly and equidistantly arranged on the outer side of the sampling tube 1, a horizontally arranged support plate 41 is fixedly connected to the bottom of each expansion strip 4, a plurality of ball grooves 42 are formed in the bottom of each support plate 41, and a ball 43 is placed in each ball groove 42.
The during operation, when sampling pipe 1 and square pipe 11 move down, four backup pads 41 are all the time on submarine silt surface, thereby it is spacing for four directions around sampling pipe 1 and square pipe 11, make square pipe 11 can only the vertically insert the sample in submarine silt, be favorable to improving sample quality, the flexible design of retractable strip 4 can make the backup pad 41 that retractable strip 4 acted on can stop all the time on submarine silt surface when sampling pipe 1 and square pipe 11 move down.
As an embodiment of the invention, as shown in the figure, an annular framework 5 is arranged between four telescopic bars 4 and a sampling tube 1, the annular framework 5 penetrates through the sampling tube 1 and is rotatably connected with the sampling tube 1, a T-shaped slip ring 51 is fixedly connected to the annular framework 5, the T-shaped slip ring 51 extends into the side wall of the sampling tube 1 and is rotatably connected with the sampling tube 1, a smooth protrusion 52 is fixedly connected to one side of the annular framework 5 facing the center of the sampling tube 1, a spiral groove 53 is formed in the protective sleeve 21, and the smooth protrusion 52 extends into the spiral groove 53 and is movably connected in the spiral groove 53.
During operation, because the square plug 25 and the screw rod 23 fixedly connected with the square plug are only rotated and do not move downwards, the protecting sleeve 21 rotatably connected with the screw rod 23 does not rotate and do not move downwards, the smooth bulge 52 on the annular framework 5 extends into the spiral groove 53, the smooth bulge 52 moves in the spiral groove 53, when the sampling tube 1 and the square tube 11 move downwards, the annular framework 5 moves downwards, the smooth bulge 52 fixedly connected with the annular framework 5 on the sampling tube 1 moves downwards, the smooth bulge 52 rotates in the spiral groove 53, the annular framework 5 fixedly connected with the smooth bulge 52 rotates, the supporting plate 41 rotates when the square tube 11 is sampled, and therefore the verticality of the sampling tube 1 and the square tube 11 can be checked in real time, and the square tube 11 is kept to be inserted into underwater sediment vertically all the time.
As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure, two symmetrical support plates 41 are respectively provided with a stopping groove 6, a cut-off plate 61 penetrates and extends out of the stopping groove 6 and is connected in a sliding manner, one end of the cut-off plate 61 extending into the stopping groove 6 is fixedly connected with a blocking spring 74, one end of the blocking spring 74 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the stopping groove 6, and one end of the cut-off plate 61 extending out of the stopping groove 6 is abutted against the square pipe 11.
During operation, under the effect of other mechanical power devices such as plummet, sampling pipe 1 continues to push down, square pipe 11 no longer moves down after receiving pressure this moment, square pipe 11 keeps the silt region after the sample is accomplished not moving down this moment, sampling pipe 1 moves down the inner chamber of sampling pipe 1 and moves down, the square pipe 11 of accomplishing the sample stretches into sampling pipe 1 gradually, after square pipe 11 stretches into the inner chamber of sampling pipe 1 completely, will move up sampling pipe 1 and square pipe 11 when leaving the surface of water, two symmetrical section boards 61 lose square pipe 11 spacing and in the effect of punching spring 62 in time block up the bottom at square pipe 11 in the very first time, and square pipe 11 is under control spring 22's effect, square pipe 11's bottom opening hugs closely on section board 61, thereby the silt mechanical fixation of the inside sample of square pipe 11 is preserved, prevent when taking back sampling pipe 1 and square pipe 11, silt in the square pipe 11 is washed away by rivers, the effect that prevents a large amount of silt from losing in square pipe 11 has been played.
As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure, an L-shaped opening 7 is formed in one of the section plates 61, an L-shaped groove 71 is formed in the other of the section plates 61, a sliding block 72 is slidably connected in the L-shaped groove 71, the sliding block 72 is elastically connected in the L-shaped groove 71, a wedge 73 is slidably connected on the sliding block 72, and a plugging spring 74 is arranged on the wedge 73.
The sediment sampling method applied to the sampling device comprises the following steps:
s1: arranging equipment, moving the device to a deep water area needing sampling, and checking and erecting the sampling pipe 1 and the mechanical power device; s2: sampling, wherein a mechanical power device is used for powering a sampling pipe 1 to move downwards, and a square pipe 11 below the sampling pipe 1 extends into sediment at the bottom of water for sampling; s3: in protection after sampling, after sampling is finished, the mechanical power device continues to apply pressure to the sampling pipe 1 to enable the sampling pipe 1 to continue to move downwards, so that the square pipe 11 extends into an inner cavity of the sampling pipe 1, and an opening at the bottom of the square pipe 11 is blocked by the cutoff plate 61, so that a large amount of silt obtained by sampling in the square pipe 11 is prevented from losing; s4: and when the sample is taken out, the wedge 73 is pressed and is separated from the opening of the L-shaped opening 7, then the two connected cutting plates 61 are pulled apart, and at the moment, the square pipe 11 is ejected out of the sampling pipe 1 under the action of the control spring 22, so that the silt in the square pipe 11 can be simply taken out.
When the square tube 11 sampling device works, the two symmetrical cutting plates 61 move oppositely under the action of the stamping spring 62, when the two cutting plates 61 move oppositely to be contacted, the sliding block 72 on one cutting plate 61 extends into the L-shaped opening 7 in the other cutting plate 61 which is symmetrical to the sliding block, and the wedge block 73 on the sliding block 72 extends into and is clamped on the lower opening of the L-shaped opening 7 under the action of the plugging spring 74, so that the two cutting plates 61 are fixed together, and the loss of silt for sampling in the square tube 11 can be better prevented; after the sampling pipe 1 and the square pipe 11 are taken back and leave the water surface, when the sampled silt needs to be taken out, the wedge block 73 is only required to be pressed and made to leave the opening of the L-shaped opening 7, then the two connected cutting plates 61 are pulled open, at the moment, the square pipe 11 is popped out of the sampling pipe 1 under the action of the control spring 22, and therefore the silt in the square pipe 11 can be taken out simply and conveniently.
The working principle is as follows: when the device works, the device is moved to a deep water area needing to be detected, a mechanical power device such as a plumb bob is utilized to beat the upper end of the sampling tube 1 to apply power, the mechanical power device works to drive the sampling tube 1 to move downwards, the square tube 11 below the sampling tube 1 moves downwards, the square tube 11 continues to move downwards after stretching into underwater silt, the underwater silt enters the square tube 11, the square plug 25 can be stopped on the surface of the silt due to the blocking effect of the underwater silt, the square tube 11 moves downwards, the screw cylinder 24 fixedly connected to the square tube 11 moves downwards, the screw rod 23 rotates, the square plug 25 fixed on the screw rod 23 rotates, as the inner cavities of the square plug 25 and the square tube 11 are square, the square tube 11 rotates when the square plug 25 rotates, the square tube 11 rotates downwards when the square tube 11 moves downwards to sample the mud, and the bottom of the square tube 11 is arranged to be a tip, so that the square tube 11 can better downwards move for sampling;
when the square pipe 11 moves downwards, the fixture block 32 on the square pipe 11 rotates in the annular groove 3, the square plug 25 stays on the surface of sediment at the bottom of the water all the time, along with the downward movement of the square pipe 11, the square plug 25 gradually approaches to the top of the square pipe 11, the wedge strip 35 fixedly connected to the square plug 25 extends into the tapered opening 34, then the square plug 25 continues to move upwards, the wedge strip 35 extrudes the fixture block 32 to move towards one side of the supporting spring 33, the fixture block 32 leaves the annular groove 3, and at the moment, the wedge strip 35 is tightly attached to the top of the inner surface of the square pipe 11, so that the situation that the sediment in the square pipe 11 is filled at the moment is shown, and the sampling is completed;
the four supporting plates 41 are connected to the annular framework 5 through the telescopic strips 4, when the sampling pipe 1 and the square pipe 11 move downwards, the four supporting plates 41 are always on the surface of underwater silt, so that the four directions around the sampling pipe 1 and the square pipe 11 are limited, the square pipe 11 can only be vertically inserted into the underwater silt for sampling, the sampling quality is favorably improved, and the telescopic design of the telescopic strips 4 can enable the supporting plates 41 acted by the telescopic strips 4 to be always on the surface of the underwater silt when the sampling pipe 1 and the square pipe 11 move downwards;
because the square plug 25 and the screw rod 23 fixedly connected with the square plug are only rotated and do not move downwards, the protective sleeve 21 rotatably connected with the screw rod 23 does not rotate and do not move downwards, the smooth bulge 52 on the annular framework 5 extends into the spiral groove 53, the smooth bulge 52 moves in the spiral groove 53, when the sampling tube 1 and the square tube 11 move downwards, the annular framework 5 moves downwards, the smooth bulge 52 fixedly connected with the annular framework 5 on the sampling tube 1 moves downwards, the smooth bulge 52 rotates in the spiral groove 53, the annular framework 5 fixedly connected with the smooth bulge 52 rotates, then the supporting plate 41 rotates, and the supporting plate 41 rotates when the square tube 11 samples, so that the verticality of the sampling tube 1 and the square tube 11 can be corrected in real time to keep the square tube 11 inserted into sediment at the bottom vertically all the time;
under the action of a plumb and other mechanical power devices, the sampling pipe 1 continues to be pressed downwards, the square pipe 11 does not move downwards after being pressed, the square pipe 11 keeps the sediment area after sampling is finished downwards, the sampling pipe 1 moves downwards the inner cavity of the sampling pipe 1, the square pipe 11 after sampling gradually extends into the sampling pipe 1, after the square pipe 11 completely extends into the inner cavity of the sampling pipe 1, the sampling pipe 1 and the square pipe 11 are moved upwards to be away from the water surface, the two symmetrical section plates 61 lose the limit of the square pipe 11 and are blocked at the bottom of the square pipe 11 in time under the action of the stamping spring 62, and the bottom opening of the square pipe 11 is tightly attached to the section plate 61 under the action of the control spring 22 of the square pipe 11, so that sediment sampled in the square pipe 11 is mechanically fixed and stored, the sediment in the square pipe 11 is prevented from being washed away by water flow when the sampling pipe 1 and the square pipe 11 are taken back, and the effect of preventing a large amount of loss in the square pipe 11 is achieved;
the two symmetrical section plates 61 move oppositely under the action of the stamping spring 62, when the two section plates 61 move oppositely to be contacted, the sliding block 72 on one section plate 61 extends into the L-shaped opening 7 in the other section plate 61 which is symmetrical to the section plate, and the wedge block 73 on the sliding block 72 extends into and is clamped on the lower opening of the L-shaped opening 7 under the action of the plugging spring 74, so that the two section plates 61 are fixed together, and the loss of silt in the sampling in the square pipe 11 can be better prevented;
after the sampling pipe 1 and the square pipe 11 are taken back and leave the water surface, when the sampled silt needs to be taken out, the wedge 73 is only needed to be pressed and is made to leave the opening of the L-shaped opening 7, then the two connected cutting plates 61 are pulled open, and at the moment, the square pipe 11 is popped out of the sampling pipe 1 under the action of the control spring 22, so that the silt in the square pipe 11 can be taken out simply.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A silt sampling apparatus, comprising:
the sampling device comprises a sampling pipe (1), wherein the sampling pipe (1) is connected with an external mechanical power device, and a slope (13) is arranged at the bottom of the sampling pipe (1);
the square pipe (11) is used for sampling underwater silt, the square pipe (11) is movably connected to the bottom of the sampling pipe (1), and a sampling mechanism (2) is arranged in the square pipe (11);
a water permeable pipe network (12) arranged on the square pipe (11) and used for water filtration.
2. A silt sampling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: sampling mechanism (2) are including lag (21), lag (21) sliding connection is inside sampling pipe (1), fixedly connected with control spring (22) in lag (21), control spring (22) upper end fixed connection is at sampling pipe (1) internal surface top, lag (21) bottom is rotated and is connected with lead screw (23), square pipe (11) top center department runs through and stretches out and screw section of thick bamboo (24) of fixedly connected with, lead screw (23) run through stretch out screw section of thick bamboo (24) and with screw section of thick bamboo (24) threaded connection, square stopper (25) of lead screw (23) bottom fixedly connected with square stopper (25), square stopper (25) sliding connection is in square pipe (11).
3. A silt sampling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: ring channel (3) have been seted up to the bottom of sampling pipe (1), fixed chamber (31) have been seted up in square pipe (11), ring channel (3) with fixed chamber (31) correspond, run through in fixed chamber (31) and stretch out and sliding connection has fixture block (32), set up in fixture block (32) cone mouth (34), fixture block (32) one end fixedly connected with supporting spring (33), supporting spring (33) fixed connection is at fixed chamber (31) inner wall, fixture block (32) one end is stretched into in ring channel (3) and is rotated the connection.
4. A silt sampling apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the upper end face of the square plug (25) is fixedly connected with an inclined wedge strip (35), and the inclined wedge strip (35) corresponds to the conical opening (34).
5. A silt sampling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: sampling pipe (1) outside is that annular equidistant four expansion strips (4), every expansion strip (4) bottom fixedly connected with backup pad (41) that the level set up, every a plurality of pearl groove (42) have been seted up to backup pad (41) bottom, every a ball (43) have been placed in pearl groove (42).
6. A silt sampling apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: four be provided with annular skeleton (5) between expansion strip (4) and sampling pipe (1), annular skeleton (5) run through sampling pipe (1) and rotate with sampling pipe (1) and be connected, fixedly connected with T word sliding ring (51) on annular skeleton (5), T word sliding ring (51) stretch into sampling pipe (1) lateral wall and rotate with sampling pipe (1) and be connected, annular skeleton (5) are towards one side fixedly connected with rounding off arch (52) at sampling pipe (1) center, helicla flute (53) have been seted up on lag (21), rounding off arch (52) stretch into helicla flute (53) and at helicla flute (53) inside swing joint.
7. The silt sampling apparatus of claim 5, wherein: two symmetries all seted up one on backup pad (41) by groove (6), run through in ending groove (6) and stretch out and sliding connection has cutting plate (61), cutting plate (61) stretch into one end fixedly connected with shutoff spring (74) by groove (6), shutoff spring (74) one end fixed connection is at by groove (6) inner wall, cutting plate (61) stretch out by the one end of groove (6) support on square pipe (11).
8. A silt sampling apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: one set up L type mouth (7) in section board (61), another set up L type groove (71) in section board (61), sliding connection has slider (72) in L type groove (71), slider (72) elastic connection is inside L type groove (71), sliding connection has wedge (73) on slider (72), be equipped with shutoff spring (74) on wedge (73).
9. A silt sampling method applied to the silt sampling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the silt sampling method comprises the following steps:
s1: arranging equipment, moving the device to a deep water area needing sampling, and checking and erecting a sampling pipe (1) and a mechanical power device;
s2: sampling, wherein a mechanical power device is used for powering the sampling pipe (1) to move downwards, and a square pipe (11) below the sampling pipe (1) extends into underwater silt for sampling;
s3: protection after sampling, after sampling is finished, the mechanical power device continues to apply pressure to the sampling pipe (1) to enable the sampling pipe to continue to move downwards, the square pipe (11) extends into the inner cavity of the sampling pipe (1), and the bottom opening of the square pipe (11) is blocked by the cut-off plate (61) to prevent a large amount of silt obtained by sampling in the square pipe (11) from losing;
s4: and (3) taking out the sample, pressing the wedge block (73) and enabling the wedge block to leave the opening of the L-shaped opening (7), and then pulling apart the two connected cut-off plates (61), wherein the square pipe (11) is popped out of the sampling pipe (1) under the action of the control spring (22), so that the silt in the square pipe (11) can be simply and conveniently taken out.
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| CN115615753B (en) | 2023-03-31 |
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