CN115614367A - Locknut with double-thread lock ring - Google Patents

Abstract

Locknut with double thread catch belongs to machinery. The nut, the backup nut and the locking ring are formed; two ends of the locking ring are provided with mutually reverse tightening threads; the screw threads matched with the screw rod are machined in the middle holes of the main nut and the standby nut, and the standby screw threads matched with the lock ring are also machined at the corresponding ends of the main nut and the standby nut; when the threads at the two ends of the lock ring are internal threads, the corresponding end threads of the main nut and the standby nut are external threads, otherwise, the corresponding end threads are internal threads; the whole installation and use sequence is as follows: firstly, screwing the main nut into the screw, then putting the lock ring into the screw, and finally screwing the standby nut into the screw; positional relationship of respective threads: all the threads have the same rotation center line, and the rotation diameter of the standby tightening threads is larger than that of the threads matched with the main nut and the screw rod; therefore, the contact end surface between the main nut and the standby nut can be tightly closed; can be widely applied to various fields with high requirements on fastening safety.

Description

Locknut with double-thread lock ring

[ technical field ]

The invention belongs to the technical field of machinery, and particularly relates to an anti-loosening bolt and nut based on a wedge principle with high friction property.

[ background art ]

The looseness prevention between the nut and the bolt is usually realized by a spring pad, a double tightening nut, a jackscrew, a split pin and other conventional modes. However, the locknut without an external device is designed and developed by Hard Lock originators if Lin Ke, the first version is called as a U-nut, and the method of clamping screw threads by using a plate spring enables the nut to be kept firm and not to loosen. However, the first generation products have a small problem in that the U-nuts mounted on the excavator and the pile driver are loosened due to too much vibration. If Lin Ke was designed as his second generation product, it is now the second generation product (i.e. hadamard nut) on the market.

The locking principle of the Hardlock nut is as follows: firstly, the nuts are matched in pairs and used and are divided into concave nuts and convex nuts, the convex nuts are firstly installed below, eccentric conical surfaces adopted for machining the convex nuts are machined when the convex nuts are manufactured, the concave nuts are installed above, the concave nuts are machined on the non-eccentric conical surfaces, when the two convex and concave nuts are screwed together, the outer sides of the eccentric conical surfaces of the convex nuts are tightly matched with the parts of the non-eccentric conical surfaces of the concave nuts, just like a wedge is inserted into the nuts, the friction torque is extremely large, and therefore the anti-loosening effect is achieved. After the Hard Lock nut is successful, a large number of Hard Lock nut imitations appear on the market. The inventor of the company issues a design drawing of the Hard Lock nut on a website of the company if Lin Keyan, and carefully explains the principle and the manufacturing process of the Hard Lock nut. Although many imitators, few successors exist, which is the key to the technology. The reason is that it is not difficult to invent a nut of such a structure, which is in need of continuous improvement in use. From the establishment of this company to the full use of the largest rail company in japan, the founders of the company have been using for nearly 20 years. In the 20 years, the HardLock nut becomes the only nut which cannot be loosened in the world through continuous technical improvement.

The company hadlork notes in particular on its official website: the unique technology and know how accumulated throughout the year by the company have different corresponding eccentric amounts for different sizes and materials, which is the key point that the Hard Lock nut cannot be imitated. (an article written here in the first few days is thought of, and only 300 people monopolize the market, canon Tokki, japan, who manufactures vacuum evaporators). The Hard Lock nut is widely used not only in japan but also in the world, and has been used by railways in australia, uk, polish, china, korea, and taiwan new mainline has kept a record of no personal accidents since the use of the Hard Lock nut. In addition to the highways, the Hard Lock nut is adopted in many countries and regions inside and outside the country, such as the longest suspension bridge in the world in japan, the "mingshi strait bridge" in japan, the highest free-standing radio wave tower in the world, the "tokyo clear sky tower", the space shuttle launching station in the united states, the marine drilling machine, and the like.

Except for the Hard Lock nut, three anti-loosening parts are introduced.

The first is the lod dun X series lock washer designed and developed by markmer, sweden, which utilizes a unique multi-functional design to provide the highest security. The new sandwich composite material technology combines the solution of the wedge-shaped effect of the Luodi (preventing spontaneous loosening) and a special elastic effect (compensating the loss of pretightening force caused by loosening), so that the connecting element can resist the spontaneous bolt loosening and loosening, and an additional safety feeling is greatly provided. On or near the rails, the train is caused to shake and vibrate whenever it passes. The Nord-Lock X-series anti-loose washer combines the wedge locking principle and the elastic effect, and can effectively prevent loosening caused by settlement and relaxation.

The second type is a Chinese Down bolt which is compatible with two nuts with different turning directions, directly converts the loosening force of a right-handed nut into the tightening force of a left-handed nut, and converts two opposite forces into mutual assistance. In the connection of the Down's screw fastener, two nuts with different screw directions are used: the nuts on the working bearing surfaces are called the fastening nuts and the nuts on the non-bearing surfaces are called the lock nuts. When in use, the fastening nut is firstly pre-tightened, and then the locking nut is pre-tightened. In the case of vibration or impact, the fastening nut tends to loosen, and since the loosening direction of the fastening nut is the tightening direction of the lock nut, tightening of the lock nut just prevents loosening of the fastening nut, and the fastening nut cannot loosen.

The third is the self-tightening nut developed by Shenzhen self-tightening king science and technology, which can easily solve all the problems (the same principle as the Luodi's firm X series anti-loosening washer) by only one nut and one washer, and can be produced by high, medium and low screws and nuts without any concerns on materials, processes and precision requirements. The principle of the Chinese self-locking nut is as follows: the application of the self-tightening force theory is realized by utilizing the screw surface inosculating structure between the nut and the gasket, and the anti-loosening effect is completely achieved by using a specific lifting angle, so that the nut can be only screwed but not loosened, and the nut can be loosened only by screwing the gasket. The end face of the Chinese self-tightening nut is designed into a multi-section spiral face supporting structure, so that the stability of a coupling pair is improved, and the defect of a traditional fastener that most of stress is concentrated on a first tooth and a second tooth after the nut is tightened is completely stopped, so that the stress is uniformly distributed, the bearing capacity of the nut and a screw is greatly improved, and the damage degree of internal and external threads is also reduced.

The existing wedge working principle is also the background technology part of the invention, the important component of the wedge principle is an inclined plane: the inclined plane is a simple mechanical one and can be used for overcoming the difficulty of vertically lifting the gravity G. When the object is lifted to a certain height by the inclined plane, the acting distance and the force magnitude depend on the inclination angle of the inclined plane. When the friction force f between the object and the inclined plane is small, high efficiency can be achieved.

Inclined plane design: the same horizontal plane forms a plane with an upward inclined angle. The object is lifted upwards along the vertical line with great effort, and if the object is placed on the inclined plane, the object can be pushed or pulled upwards along the inclined plane with less effort. Let an object with a weight W be placed on an inclined plane AB with a lift angle α. When the object is static or does uniform linear motion, if friction is not considered, gravity W, pulling force F along the inclined plane and normal reaction force N of the inclined plane form a closed force triangle F = Wsin alpha under static equilibrium conditions. Since F is the input force and W is the output force, the mechanical advantage of the ramp = W/F =1/sin α = s/h. This is the inclined plane principle: the ratio of the output force to the input force is equal to the ratio of the hypotenuse to the cathetus in the right triangle ABC. Since s > h, the mechanical efficiency of the ramp is less than 1. The inclined plane conveyer belt in mountain coiling highway, material transport machine, etc. is the concrete application of the inclined plane principle.

The inclined plane is characterized in that: the smaller the inclination angle between the inclined plane and the plane is, the longer the inclined plane is, the less the labor is, but the distance is consumed, and the mechanical efficiency is low. The larger the inclination angle between the inclined plane and the plane is, the shorter the inclined plane is, the more labor is consumed, but the distance is saved, and the mechanical efficiency is high. The force applied to the high place by pulling the pulley by the slope device is smaller than the force applied to the high place by directly hoisting the pulley, namely, the slope can use smaller force to lift the object table to the high place. The longer the slope or the shorter the slope, i.e., the smaller the slope, the more labor-saving. The application of the inclined plane is that a plurality of things in daily life use the principle of the inclined plane to achieve the aim of saving labor, such as stairs, winding mountain roads and the like. If two bevels are combined together, a simple machine called a wedge (or "wedge") is formed. Wedges are useful in cutting and splitting things. Knives, hatches and human incisors are examples of wedges.

The forming process of the universal nut is also the background technology part of the invention, and the prior process flow is as follows: the operation flow is as follows: 1. cutting: the wire is cut into required blanks by matching a scissor die and scissors. 2. Firstly, punching: the front punch die, the stroke die and the rear punch rod are matched to shape the uneven-deformed cut blank, and the blank is pushed out by the rear punch rod. 3. And (2) punching: the turning clamp clamps the blank from the first punching to the second punching, further shapes the blank, strengthens the flattening and angle saturation effects of the first punching, and then pushes the blank out by the rear punching rod. 4. Three-step punching: the turning clamp clamps the blank from two punching to three punching, the front punching die, the stroke die and the rear punching rod are matched, the blank is extruded again, so that the lower punching can be completely formed, and then the blank is pushed out by the rear punching rod. 5. And (4) punching: the turning clamp clamps the blank from three to four, the front punch die, the stroke die and the rear punch rod are matched to completely form the nut, the thickness of the nut is adjusted by controlling the thickness of the scrap iron, and then the blank is pushed out by the rear punch rod. 6. Five-step punching: the turning clamp punches the blank from four to five, the front punching die and the stripping disc are matched to punch the completely formed blank, and the punched scrap iron enters the lower core of the punching die to finally complete the forming of the nut. The head marking of the nut is also formed in this process. 7. Tapping: tapping is to tap the formed nut with a tap to form a desired thread. The production process of the nut comprises the following steps: 1. the method comprises the following steps of 8-grade nut a, a coil element → acid washing → drawing line → molding → tapping → surface treatment → packaging b and hot galvanizing: coil → pickling → draw line → molding → hot galvanizing → tapping → packaging 2, 8-grade nut coil → annealing → coil → pickling → draw line → molding → tapping → surface treatment → packaging 3, metric system 10, 12 grade, english system five grade or more nut coil → annealing → coil → pickling → draw line → molding → tapping → heat treatment → surface treatment → packaging.

[ summary of the invention ]

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the anti-loose nut is manufactured by utilizing the slight deformation buffer of a metal material, so that 2 abutting nut pairs are bidirectionally linked by adding a 'back locking ring', and the Japanese Hard Lock eccentric nut is improved in safety.

The invention aims at the defects of the prior art: particularly, the defects of the Japanese Hard Lock eccentric nut are modified, and the Japanese Hard Lock eccentric nut is perfect in view of the whole, and has good manufacturability, interchangeability and the like. But has the following disadvantages: the screw consistency is too high, because any slight dimensional deviation of the cone shape will bring about a large difference in the area of the friction cone joint and the closeness of the installed pair of male and female nuts, resulting in a large difference in the anti-loosening locking torque under the same pre-tightening torque, which is one of the reasons why the Hard Lock eccentric nut is not easily imitated! On the basis of the stress of the axially close full threads, the requirement on the processing precision of the lead screw is greatly relaxed, and a reverse locking ring with reverse direction spiral is introduced to fasten 2 close nuts to high friction; regardless of the external force, the main nut rotates towards the direction, and the loosening-preventing moment obtained by extrusion among the 2 nuts is greatly increased.

The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:

the locknut with the double-thread lock ring comprises: the main nut, the standby nut and the lock ring are formed; two ends of the locking ring are provided with reverse tightening threads; the screw threads matched with the screw rod are machined in the middle holes of the main nut and the standby nut, and the standby screw threads matched with the lock ring are also machined at the corresponding ends of the main nut and the standby nut; when the threads at the two ends of the lock ring are internal threads, the corresponding end threads of the main nut and the standby nut are external threads, otherwise, the corresponding end threads are internal threads; the whole installation and use sequence is as follows: firstly, screwing the main nut into the screw, then putting the lock ring into the screw, and finally screwing the standby nut into the screw; positional relationship of respective threads: all the threads have the same rotation center line, and the rotation diameter of the standby tightening threads is larger than that of the threads matched with the main nut, the standby tightening nut and the screw rod.

The use method of the locknut comprises the following steps: firstly, screwing the main nut into the screw until the main nut is close to the surface of an object to be fastened, and then putting a locking ring along the screw (taking care that the locking ring is not required to be rotated, and the locking ring is kept in contact alignment with a standby threaded opening of the main nut); screwing the tightening nut into the screw until the tightening threads are contacted with each other; and then simultaneously rotating the standby nut and the locking ring to enable the standby threads at two ends of the locking ring to be simultaneously matched with the main nut and the standby threads of the standby nut until the main nut, the standby nut and the locking ring are tightly close to each other, and then forcibly locking the standby nut and the locking ring to finish the installation.

The anti-loosening principle of the locknut is as follows: because the two ends of the locking ring are provided with the mutually reverse tightening threads, the thread pitch of at least one group of tightening threads deviates from the thread pitch matched with the screw; angular displacement in any direction, which causes vibration of the main nut and the standby nut, is resisted by the screwing direction of the standby thread on the lock ring and inconsistency of axial (geometric) motion caused by the difference between the standby thread and the screw pitch; and cannot be loosened (unless the thread is forcibly broken). If the locknut of the invention needs to be unfastened, only two parts of the standby nut and the locking ring are rotated reversely and simultaneously during installation.

Further: the two ends of the locking ring are provided with the mutually reverse tightening threads, which means that: the standby threads of the locking ring are distributed at two ends of the locking ring, the thread turning direction at one end is left-handed, and the thread turning direction at the other end is right-handed; and the tightening threads at the corresponding ends of the main nut and the tightening nut are correspondingly left-handed or right-handed.

The invention has the advantages of firmer anti-loosening effect, beautiful appearance and elegance; and the production process is simple.

[ description of the drawings ]

The invention is further described in the following preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a locknut with a locking ring.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the locknut installation with locking ring.

Description of reference numerals:

(1) (4), (9) and (12) backup threads

(2) Nut with tightening device

(3) Lock ring

(7) Arrow head

(10) Main nut

(14) Screw rod

[ examples of embodiment ]

As shown in fig. 1 and 2:

the using method comprises the following steps: firstly, a main nut (10) is screwed into a screw rod (14) until the main nut is close to the surface of an object to be fastened, and then a locking ring (3) is put along the screw rod (attention is paid to the fact that the locking ring is not rotated, and the locking ring is kept in contact alignment with the openings of standby threads (9) and (12) of the main nut); then screwing the tightening nut (2) into the screw (14) until the tightening threads (1, 4) are contacted with each other; and then simultaneously rotating the standby nut (2) and the locking ring (3) to enable the standby threads (4) and (9) at the two ends of the locking ring (3) to be matched with the main nut and the standby threads (1) and (12) of the standby nut at the same time until the main nut (10), the standby nut (2) and the locking ring (3) are tightly close to each other, and then forcibly locking the standby nut (2) and the locking ring (3) to finish the installation.

Anti-loosening principle of locknut with lock ring: because the two ends of the locking ring (3) are processed with the tightening threads (4) and (9) which are opposite to each other, the thread pitch of at least one group of tightening threads in the locking ring (3) deviates from the thread pitch matched with the screw rod; angular displacement in any direction obtained by vibration of the main nut (10) and the standby nut (2) is resisted by the rotating directions of the standby threads (4) and (9) on the locking ring (3) and inconsistency of axial (geometric) motion caused by the difference between the standby threads and the screw pitch; and cannot be loosened (unless the thread is forcibly broken). If the locknut of the invention needs to be unfastened, only two parts of the standby nut (2) and the lock ring (3) are rotated reversely and simultaneously during installation.

Claims (2)

1. Locknut with double thread catch, its characterized in that is in: the structure includes: the main nut, the standby nut and the lock ring are formed; two ends of the locking ring are provided with reverse tightening threads; the screw threads matched with the screw rod are machined in the middle holes of the main nut and the standby nut, and the standby screw threads matched with the lock ring are also machined at the corresponding ends of the main nut and the standby nut; when the threads at the two ends of the lock ring are internal threads, the corresponding end threads of the main nut and the standby nut are external threads, otherwise, the corresponding end threads are internal threads; the whole installation and use sequence is as follows: firstly, screwing the main nut into the screw, then putting the lock ring into the screw, and finally screwing the standby nut into the screw; positional relationship of respective threads: all the threads have the same rotation center line, and the rotation diameter of the standby tightening threads is larger than that of the threads matched with the main nut and the screw rod; the use method of the locknut comprises the following steps: firstly, screwing a main nut into the screw until the main nut is close to the surface of an object to be fastened, and then putting a lock ring along the screw; screwing the tightening nut into the screw until the tightening threads are contacted with each other; and then simultaneously rotating the standby nut and the locking ring to enable the standby threads at two ends of the locking ring to be simultaneously matched with the main nut and the standby threads of the standby nut until the main nut, the standby nut and the locking ring are tightly close to each other, and then forcibly locking the standby nut and the locking ring to finish the installation.

2. The locknut with the double-threaded locking ring according to claim 1, wherein the mutually opposite tightening threads are formed at both ends of the locking ring, which means that: the standby threads of the locking ring are distributed at two ends of the locking ring, the thread turning direction at one end is left-handed, and the thread turning direction at the other end is right-handed; and the tightening threads at the corresponding ends of the main nut and the tightening nut are correspondingly left-handed or right-handed.

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