CN115613540A - A soil layered settlement test device and embedding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of layered settlement monitoring of deep soil bodies of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a magnetic ring type layered settlement testing device suitable for drilling embedding and an embedding method thereof; the layered settlement testing device comprises a layered settlement magnetic ring (1), a spring leg (2), a positioning nail (3), a settlement sleeve (6), a binding rope (7), a binding release component (8) and a pull rope (9); the layered settlement magnetic ring (1) device with the positioning needle (3) on the spring leg (2) is matched with a settlement sleeve (6) capable of opening a positioning hole for use, so that the installation position and the burying depth of the layered settlement magnetic ring (1) can be accurately controlled, and the problem of limited range caused by the fact that the layered settlement magnetic ring (1) is fixed by the positioning ring in the prior art is completely solved.

Description

A soil layered settlement test device and embedding method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of deep soil layer settlement monitoring in geotechnical engineering, in particular to a magnetic ring type layered settlement test device suitable for borehole embedding and an embedding method thereof.

Background technique

At present, in geotechnical engineering monitoring, the vertical displacement of soil at different depths in the foundation and the surrounding environment is one of the important indicators for monitoring project safety, project quality and the impact of the surrounding environment. It is very important to ensure reliable vertical displacement data of soil.

The existing monitoring methods for layered settlement of soil mainly include the layered settlement magnetic ring method, the multi-point displacement meter method, and the method of laying layered settlement marks. The advantages of multi-buried and multi-test are widely used. The layered subsidence magnetic ring method is used to measure the vertical displacement of the soil at different depths, mainly by drilling holes at a predetermined position, and using multiple subsidence magnetic rings to collect the spring pieces with a rope or chain according to the designed position and bind them to the PVC pipe. , and then use the upper and lower positioning rings to limit the magnetic ring, and then splice the PVC pipe with the subsidence magnetic ring into the hole one by one, then cover the PVC pipe cover and backfill between it and the drilled hole wall Filler compacts the borehole. After the burial is completed, the settlement magnetic ring will move with the displacement of the soil at the corresponding position, and the layered settlement instrument will be used to collect regularly, and the vertical displacement of the soil at the corresponding position can be obtained through calculation.

However, when the above-mentioned layered subsidence magnetic ring device and embedding method are used to monitor the vertical displacement of soil at different depths, the following problems exist:

(1) The monitoring range is limited. During the embedding process, the magnetic ring will move up and down within the range of the positioning ring along the pipe wall. After the embedding is completed, the specific position of the magnetic ring between the positioning rings is difficult to control, and the upper and lower ranges of the magnetic ring will also be difficult to achieve the ideal state. And in actual monitoring, due to the limitation of the positioning ring, the magnetic ring cannot monitor the deformation phenomenon beyond its range;

(2) It is difficult to control the quality of the magnetic ring legs bounced into the surrounding soil. Conventionally, chains are used to bind magnetic rings, and the spring legs need to be released by dragging the steel wires penetrating through the chains. This step is cumbersome and difficult to control. If the magnetic ring spring sheet is bound with a tie rope, the experiment shows that the time for the tie rope to automatically soak in the muddy water is several hours or even several days, which seriously affects the embedding progress and embedding quality.

(3) The stability of the PVC pipe is poor after it is buried. Conventional magnetic rings are small in size. During the embedding process, the PVC pipe is generally pulled to ensure that the spring legs extend deep enough into the undisturbed soil. However, this method is difficult to control when there are multiple magnetic rings, and the bottom of the PVC pipe In the end, it is likely that it did not fall to the bottom of the hole, and the subsequent PVC pipe may sink for a long time, which will affect the accuracy of magnetic ring monitoring.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problems of limited monitoring range and difficult control of embedding quality encountered in the current layered settlement magnetic ring embedding and testing process, the present invention provides a layered settlement magnetic ring device that can be fixed on the PVC pipe by itself.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A soil layered settlement test device, comprising a layered settlement magnetic ring, a spring leg, a positioning nail, a settlement sleeve, a tie rope, an unbundling component, and a pull rope; the layered settlement magnetic ring is set on the settlement sleeve On the pipe body of the pipe, the inner ring wall of the layered settlement magnetic ring is smooth, and the inner diameter is slightly larger than the settlement sleeve, and the layered settlement magnetic ring can move freely on the settlement sleeve; the spring legs have several Root, one end of the spring leg is fixed with the layered settlement magnetic ring, and the other end protrudes outward as a free end; the positioning nail is a nail-shaped cylinder, which is arranged at the end of the free end of the spring leg; The tying rope is a bundle that can fix the spring legs on the settlement casing; the unbundling part is a structure with a circular pull ring at one end and a U-shaped blade at the other end, and the tying rope passes through the U-shaped The U-shaped part of the blade, and the circular pull ring is connected with one end of the pull rope.

Preferably, the circular pull ring is a metal ring with a certain thickness, on which a high-strength rope can be tied without causing a split effect.

Further, the above-mentioned soil layered settlement test device, the layered settlement magnetic ring has a ring-shaped artificial magnet with stable magnetism inside, and is wrapped with a high-strength, corrosion-resistant plastic protective shell; one end of the spring leg It is fixed on the plastic protective case and forms an included angle of 30-60 degrees with the plane of the layered settlement magnetic ring after it bounces off; preferably, the angle is 45 degrees, and can also be customized according to needs.

Further, in the above-mentioned soil layered settlement test device, the number of spring legs can be 4, 6 or 8, which are symmetrically led out from the upper and lower ends of the layered settlement magnetic ring respectively.

Further, in the above-mentioned soil layer settlement test device, the connection between the positioning nail and the spring leg is 90 degrees.

Further, in the above-mentioned soil layered settlement test device, the spring leg is made of a high-toughness steel sheet with a certain thickness. Made of high toughness steel sheet, it can provide relatively high elasticity after bending.

Further, in the aforementioned soil layer settlement test device, the ends of the free ends of the spring legs are bent at a certain angle. This gives it greater grip and stability after being bounced into undisturbed soil. Preferably, the angle is 120 degrees, 135 degrees or 150 degrees to the spring legs.

Further, in the above-mentioned soil layered settlement test device, the settlement sleeve is a hollow tube with a certain thickness and strength that can be spliced, and the diameter of the settlement sleeve is not less than 1 cm less than the inner diameter of the layered settlement magnetic ring, and The outer wall of the settlement sleeve is relatively smooth; the same number of positioning holes as the spring legs are opened at the position where the layered settlement magnetic ring is to be installed, and the diameter of the positioning holes is slightly larger than the diameter of the positioning nails on the spring legs.

Furthermore, in the above-mentioned soil layered settlement test device, the U-shaped blade is a U-shaped metal ring with a thinner inner side and a thicker outer side, and the thinner inner edge can effectively split the rope under a certain tension.

Further, in the above-mentioned soil layered settlement test device, the said tie rope refers to the bundle that fixes the spring leg of the magnetic ring on the settlement sleeve, and is a brittle tie rope with moderate strength; the stay rope uses a Made of high strength ductile material.

Further, the above-mentioned embedding method of a soil layered settlement test device includes the following steps:

S1. Prepare a corresponding number of settlement casings and layered settlement magnetic rings according to the vertical displacement monitoring requirements of the soil, and place the settlement casings in sequence near the position to be buried;

S2. According to the design burial depth of each layered settlement magnetic ring, measure the specific position where it is installed in the corresponding settlement casing in turn, and after marking, put the layered settlement magnetic ring into the corresponding settlement casing and move it. to the corresponding position;

S3. Put away the spring leg of the layered settlement magnetic ring and mark the position of the positioning nail on the settlement sleeve, then loosen the positioning nail and open a positioning hole at the corresponding position on the settlement sleeve, the diameter of which is slightly larger than that of the positioning nail diameter of;

S4. After the opening of the positioning hole on the settlement casing is completed, put away the spring legs of the layered settlement magnetic ring to ensure that all the positioning nails are inserted into the round holes of the settlement casing, and then tie the spring legs firmly to the on the settlement casing;

S5. Complete the binding and fixing work of all layered settlement magnetic rings in turn, and fix a magnetic ring without spring legs with a positioning ring at the bottom of the settlement casing, as the basic magnetic ring for layered settlement monitoring;

S6. Use a drilling rig to form a hole at the location where the subsidence monitoring of the soil layer is to be carried out. The depth of the hole should be slightly smaller than the design burial depth of the settlement casing according to the nature of the bottom soil layer. The diameter of the drill hole should be based on the layering. The diameter of the subsidence magnetic ring, the way of filling holes and the filling materials are determined comprehensively;

S7. After the hole is drilled in place, the settlement casing with the magnetic ring fixed is lowered into the hole one by one. The joints of the settlement casing must be firmly connected to prevent loosening or even falling off during the embedding process and subsequent monitoring process. During the process, arrange the pull ropes on each layered subsidence magnetic ring according to the order of burial to avoid pulling or entanglement with each other;

S8. After the settlement casing is lowered to the bottom of the borehole, pressurize the settlement casing at the orifice by manpower or equipment, so that the bottom end of the settlement casing enters the undisturbed soil to the design depth;

S9. Pull the pull rope bound on the circular pull ring of the unbundling part of each layered subsidence magnetic ring in sequence from bottom to top on the ground, so that the spring legs on each layered subsidence magnetic ring bounce off in turn, The high elasticity of the spring leg enables the free end to go deep into the undisturbed soil on the side wall of the borehole. Pay special attention to pulling the upper layered settlement magnetic ring after the pull rope of the lower layered settlement magnetic ring is completely pulled out of the ground. Drawstrings to prevent mutual entanglement of multiple drawstrings;

S10. After the spring legs of all layered subsidence magnetic rings have bounced off, according to the characteristics of the soil layer, the hole is sealed by injecting slurry, filling sand, filling clay balls, etc. The quality of the sealing must be strictly controlled, and the filler and The physical and mechanical properties of the surrounding soil layer are too different;

S11. After the backfilling is completed, set a protective cover at the hole to prevent the hole from being damaged or debris from entering the settlement casing;

S12. When measuring, open the protective cover, and use the layered sedimentation magnetic ring instrument to carry out not less than 3 round-trip tests on the layered sedimentation magnetic rings at each position.

Preferably, the soil layer refers to the soil layer to be measured layered settlement;

Preferably, the borehole refers to a hole formed with a drilling rig at a given position of the soil layer to be tested, and the diameter of the hole should be greater than the outer diameter of the layered settlement magnetic ring by more than 8cm, and the depth of the hole is based on the layered settlement of the soil layer to be measured. Depth is OK.

Preferably, the stay rope on the pull ring of the unbundling part refers to a kind of tough material with high strength, and one end has two branches, one branch is tied to the lowered settlement casing, and the other end leads to the On the ground, the pulling force of the ground operator drives the unbundling part to split the tie rope.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The layered subsidence magnetic ring device with positioning pins on the spring legs is used together with the subsidence sleeve that can open positioning holes, which can accurately control the installation position and embedding depth of the layered subsidence magnetic ring, and completely solve the traditional positioning method. The problem of limited range caused by ring fixed layered sedimentation magnetic ring.

(2) In this embedding method, the binding rope, the unbundling part with the pull ring, and the pull rope extending out of the ground are used together to effectively ensure that the spring legs of each subsidence magnetic ring can be fully bounced before filling the hole, and fully Anchored in the undisturbed soil outside the borehole wall, it avoids the measurement problem that the spring leg cannot bounce off or is not fully bounced and cannot truly reflect the vertical displacement of the undisturbed soil.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a side section of a layered subsidence magnetic ring;

Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a layered subsidence magnetic ring lowered into a borehole at a certain depth;

Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a layered subsidence magnetic ring buried at a certain depth;

Among them: layered settlement magnetic ring 1, spring leg 2, positioning nail 3, soil layer 4, drill hole 5, settlement sleeve 6, tie rope 7, unbundling part 8, pull rope 9.

detailed description

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals designate the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" are based on the attached The orientation or positional relationship shown in the figure is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a reference to this invention. Invention Limitations.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly defined.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrally connected; it may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it may be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "on" or "under" a second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, and may also include the first and second features Not in direct contact but through another characteristic contact between them. Moreover, "above", "above" and "above" the first feature on the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature. "Below", "beneath" and "under" the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.

Example 1

A soil layered settlement test device as shown in Figure 1, comprising a layered settlement magnetic ring 1, a spring leg 2, a positioning nail 3, a settlement sleeve 6, a tie rope 7, an unbundling part 8, and a stay rope 9; The layered sedimentation magnetic ring 1 is set on the body of the sedimentation sleeve 6, the inner ring wall of the layered sedimentation magnetic ring 1 is smooth, and the inner diameter is slightly larger than the sedimentation sleeve 6, and the layered sedimentation magnetic ring 1 It can move freely on the settling sleeve 6; the spring leg 2 has several roots, one end of the spring leg 2 is fixed with the layered settling magnetic ring 1, and the other end protrudes outward as a free end; The positioning nail 3 is a nail-shaped cylinder, which is arranged at the end of the free end of the spring leg 2; the tie rope 7 is a binding that can fix the spring leg 2 on the settlement sleeve 6; the unbundling part 8 is One end has a circular pull ring, and the other end is a structure of a U-shaped blade, the tether 7 passes through the U-shaped portion of the U-shaped blade, and the circular pull ring is connected to one end of the stay cord 9 .

Example 2

A soil layered settlement test device as shown in Figure 1-3, including a layered settlement magnetic ring 1, a spring leg 2, a positioning nail 3, a settlement sleeve 6, a tie rope 7, an unbundling part 8, and a pull rope 9. The layered sedimentation magnetic ring 1 is set on the body of the sedimentation sleeve 6, the inner ring wall of the layered sedimentation magnetic ring 1 is smooth, and the inner diameter is slightly larger than the sedimentation sleeve 6, and the layered sedimentation magnetic ring 1 is The ring 1 can move freely on the settling sleeve 6; the spring leg 2 has several roots, one end of the spring leg 2 is fixed to the layered settling magnetic ring 1, and the other end protrudes outward as a free end The positioning nail 3 is a nail-shaped cylinder, which is arranged at the end of the free end of the spring leg 2; the tie rope 7 is a binding that can fix the spring leg 2 on the settlement sleeve 6; the unbundling part 8 is a structure with a circular pull ring at one end and a U-shaped blade at the other end, the tether 7 passes through the U-shaped portion of the U-shaped blade, and the circular pull ring and the stay cord 9 One end is connected; further, the layered sedimentation magnetic ring 1 has a ring-shaped artificial magnet with stable magnetism inside, and is wrapped with a high-strength, corrosion-resistant plastic protective shell; one end of the spring leg 2 is fixed on the plastic protective shell , and form an angle of 45 degrees with the plane of the layered sedimentation magnetic ring 1 after being bounced; preferably, the spring legs 2 are four, which are symmetrically drawn from the four ends of the layered sedimentation magnetic ring 1 respectively; further, the The connection between the positioning nail 3 and the spring leg 2 is 90 degrees; in particular, the spring leg 2 is made of a high-toughness steel sheet with a certain thickness; further, the free end of the spring leg 2 is bent at 30 degrees angle; preferably, the settling sleeve 6 is a splicable hollow tube with a certain thickness and strength, the diameter of the settling sleeve 6 is not less than 1 cm less than the inner diameter of the layered settling magnetic ring 1, and the outer wall of the settling sleeve 6 Relatively smooth; set the positioning hole with the same number of spring legs 2 at the position of the layered settlement magnetic ring 1 to be installed, and the diameter of the positioning hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the positioning nail 3 on the spring leg 2; further, the U-shaped blade It is a U-shaped metal ring with a thinner inside and a thicker outside. The thinner inner edge can effectively split the rope 7 under a certain tension; further, the rope 7 refers to fixing the spring leg 3 of the magnetic ring to the settlement casing The binding on 6 has a moderately strong partial brittle binding rope; the stay cord 9 is made of a tough material with higher strength.

The embedding method of the above-mentioned soil layered settlement test device comprises the following steps:

S1. Prepare a corresponding number of settlement casings 6 and layered settlement magnetic rings 1 according to the vertical displacement monitoring requirements of the soil, and place the settlement casings 6 in sequence near the position to be buried;

S2. According to the design buried depth of each layered settlement magnetic ring 1, measure the specific position where it is installed in the corresponding settlement sleeve 6 in turn, and put the layered settlement magnetic ring 1 into the corresponding settlement sleeve after marking 6 and move to the corresponding position;

S3. Pack up the spring leg 2 of the layered settlement magnetic ring 1 and mark the position of the positioning nail 3 on the settlement sleeve 6, then loosen the positioning nail 3 and set a positioning hole at the corresponding position on the settlement sleeve 6, Its diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of positioning nail 3;

S4. After the positioning holes on the settling casing 6 are completed, put away the spring leg 2 of the layered settling magnetic ring 1 to ensure that all the positioning nails 3 are inserted into the round holes of the settling casing 6, and then use the tie rope 7 to secure them. The spring leg 2 is firmly bound on the settlement sleeve 6;

S5. Complete the binding and fixing work of all layered settlement magnetic rings 1 in turn, and fix a magnetic ring without spring legs 2 at the bottom of the settlement sleeve 6 with a positioning ring, as the basic magnetic ring for layered settlement monitoring;

S6. At the position where the soil layer settlement monitoring is to be carried out, use a drilling rig to form a hole. The depth of the hole should be slightly smaller than the design depth of the settlement casing 6 according to the nature of the lowermost soil layer 4. The diameter of the borehole 5 should be According to the diameter of the layered sedimentation magnetic ring 1, the way of filling holes and the material of filling holes are comprehensively determined;

S7. After the hole is drilled in place, the settlement casing 6 with the magnetic ring fixed is lowered into the hole one by one. The 6 sections of the settlement casing need to be firmly connected to prevent loosening or even falling off during the embedding process and subsequent monitoring process. , arrange the pull ropes 9 on each layered subsidence magnetic ring 1 according to the order of burial during the lowering process, and avoid pulling or intertwining with each other;

S8. After the settlement casing 6 is lowered to the bottom of the borehole 5, pressurize the settlement casing 6 at the orifice by manpower or equipment, so that the bottom end of the settlement casing 6 enters the undisturbed soil to the design depth;

S9. Pull the stay rope 9 bound on the circular pull ring of the unbundling part 8 of each layered subsidence magnetic ring 1 sequentially from bottom to top on the ground, so that the spring legs on each layered subsidence magnetic ring 1 2 bounce off in turn, the high elastic force of spring leg 2 can make its free end go deep into the undisturbed soil body of borehole 5 sidewall, pay special attention to when the stay rope 9 of the layered subsidence magnetic ring 1 at the bottom is completely dragged out of the ground, then Pull the stay rope 9 of the layered subsidence magnetic ring 1 on the upper part to prevent multiple stay ropes 9 from being entangled with each other;

S10. After the spring legs 2 of all layered subsidence magnetic rings 1 have bounced off, according to the characteristics of the soil layer 4, the holes are sealed by injecting slurry, filling sand, filling clay balls, etc. The quality of the sealing holes must be strictly controlled, and Avoid the phenomenon that the physical and mechanical properties of the filler and the surrounding soil layer 4 are too different;

S11. After backfilling is completed, a protective cover is provided at the orifice to prevent damage to the measuring hole or debris from entering the settlement casing 6;

S12. When measuring, open the protective cover, and use the layered sedimentation magnetic ring instrument to carry out not less than 3 round-trip tests on the layered sedimentation magnetic ring 1 at each position.

As can be seen from the above examples,

(1) The layered settlement magnetic ring 1 device with positioning pin 3 on the spring leg 2 is used in conjunction with the settlement sleeve 6 that can open a positioning hole, which can accurately control the installation position and embedding depth of the layered settlement magnetic ring 1, and It completely solves the problem of limited range caused by the traditional use of positioning rings to fix the layered sedimentation magnetic ring 1 .

(2) In this embedding method, the binding rope 7, the unbundling part 8 with a pull ring, and the pull rope 9 extending out of the ground are used together, which can effectively ensure that the spring leg 2 of each layered subsidence magnetic ring 1 before filling the hole It can be completely bounced off and fully anchored in the undisturbed soil outside the wall of the borehole 5, avoiding the measurement problem that the spring legs 2 cannot be flicked off or are not fully sprung and cannot truly reflect the vertical displacement of the undisturbed soil.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention with this, that is, all simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims of the present invention and the content of the invention still belong to the patent of the present invention. The scope of protection applied for.

Claims (10)

1. The soil body layered settlement testing device is characterized by comprising a layered settlement magnetic ring (1), spring legs (2), positioning nails (3), settlement sleeves (6), binding ropes (7), binding release components (8) and pull ropes (9); the layered settlement magnetic ring (1) is sleeved on the pipe body of the settlement sleeve (6), the inner annular wall of the layered settlement magnetic ring (1) is smooth, the inner diameter of the layered settlement magnetic ring is slightly larger than that of the settlement sleeve (6), and the layered settlement magnetic ring (1) can freely move on the settlement sleeve (6); a plurality of spring legs (2) are arranged, one end of each spring leg (2) is fixed with the layered settlement magnetic ring (1), and the other end of each spring leg extends outwards to form a free end; the positioning nail (3) is a nail-shaped cylinder and is arranged at the tail end of the free end of the spring leg (2); the binding rope (7) is a binding object which can fix the spring leg (2) on the sedimentation sleeve (6); the binding releasing component (8) is a structure with one end provided with a circular pull ring and the other end provided with a U-shaped blade, the binding rope (7) penetrates through the U-shaped part of the U-shaped blade, and the circular pull ring is connected with one end of the pull rope (9).

2. The soil layered settlement testing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the layered settlement magnetic ring (1) has an annular artificial magnet with stable magnetism inside and a high-strength and corrosion-resistant plastic protective shell outside; one end of the spring leg (2) is fixed on the plastic protective shell, and an included angle of 30-60 degrees is formed between the spring leg and the plane of the layered settlement magnetic ring (1) after the spring leg is bounced open.

3. The soil mass layered settlement testing device of claim 1, wherein the number of the spring legs (2) is 4, and the spring legs are symmetrically led out from four ends of the layered settlement magnetic ring (1).

4. Soil layered settlement testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the positioning pins (3) are at 90 degrees to the spring legs (2) connection.

5. The soil mass layered settlement test device of claim 1, wherein the spring legs (2) are made of a high tenacity steel sheet of a certain thickness.

6. Soil layered settlement testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the free ends of the spring legs (2) are bent at an angle.

7. The soil body layered settlement testing device of claim 1, wherein the settlement sleeve (6) is a spliced hollow pipe with certain thickness and strength, the diameter of the settlement sleeve (6) is smaller than the inner diameter of the layered settlement magnetic ring (1) by not less than 1cm, and the outer wall of the settlement sleeve (6) is smooth; positioning holes with the same number as the spring legs (2) are formed in the positions where the layered settlement magnetic rings (1) are to be installed, and the diameters of the positioning holes are slightly larger than the diameters of the positioning nails (3) on the spring legs (2).

8. The soil layered settlement testing device of claim 1, wherein the U-shaped blade is a U-shaped metal ring with a thin inner edge and a thick outer edge, and the thin inner edge can effectively cut the binding rope (7) under a certain tension.

9. The soil layered settlement testing device of claim 1, wherein the binding rope (7) is a binding for fixing the magnetic ring spring leg (3) to the settlement sleeve (6), and is a fragile binding rope with moderate strength; the pull rope (9) is made of a high-strength flexible material.

10. A method of burying a soil mass layered settlement test apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 including the steps of:

s1, preparing a corresponding number of sedimentation sleeves (6) and layered sedimentation magnetic rings (1) according to the vertical displacement monitoring requirement of a soil body, and sequentially placing the sedimentation sleeves (6) near a position to be buried;

s2, measuring the specific positions of the layered settlement magnetic rings (1) which are arranged at the corresponding settlement sleeves (6) in sequence according to the designed buried depth of each layered settlement magnetic ring (1), sleeving the layered settlement magnetic rings (1) on the corresponding settlement sleeves (6) after marking, and moving the layered settlement magnetic rings to the corresponding positions;

s3, retracting the spring leg (2) of the layered settlement magnetic ring (1), marking the position of the positioning nail (3) on the settlement sleeve (6), then loosening the positioning nail (3), and forming a positioning hole in the corresponding position on the settlement sleeve (6), wherein the diameter of the positioning nail is slightly larger than that of the positioning nail (3);

s4, after the positioning holes in the sedimentation sleeve (6) are formed, the spring legs (2) of the layered sedimentation magnetic ring (1) are folded, all the positioning nails (3) are ensured to be inserted into the circular holes of the sedimentation sleeve (6), and the spring legs (2) are firmly bound on the sedimentation sleeve (6) by using the binding ropes (7);

s5, sequentially finishing the binding and fixing work of all the layered settlement magnetic rings (1), and fixing a magnetic ring without a spring leg (2) at the bottom of a settlement sleeve (6) by using a positioning ring to serve as a basic magnetic ring for layered settlement monitoring;

s6, forming holes at the position where the layered settlement monitoring of the soil body is to be carried out by using a drilling machine, wherein the depth of the formed holes is slightly smaller than the designed buried depth of the settlement sleeve (6) according to the property of the lowest soil layer (4), and the diameter of the drilled holes (5) is comprehensively determined according to the diameter of the layered settlement magnetic ring (1), the hole filling mode and the hole filling material;

s7, after the hole is drilled in place, the sedimentation sleeve (6) with the magnetic rings fixed well is placed into the hole section by section, the sections of the sedimentation sleeve (6) need to be firmly connected, the phenomenon that the sections are loosened and even fall off in the embedding process and the subsequent monitoring process is avoided, and the pull ropes (9) on each layered sedimentation magnetic ring (1) are arranged according to the embedding sequence in the placement process, so that the pull ropes are prevented from being pulled or wound by force;

s8, after the sedimentation sleeve (6) is lowered to the bottom of the drill hole (5), the sedimentation sleeve (6) is pressed at the hole opening through manpower or equipment, and the bottom end of the sedimentation sleeve (6) enters undisturbed soil to the designed depth;

s9, pulling the pull ropes (9) bound on the round pull rings of the bundle loosening components (8) of each layered settlement magnetic ring (1) in sequence from bottom to top on the ground, enabling the spring legs (2) on each layered settlement magnetic ring (1) to be sequentially sprung open, enabling the free ends of the spring legs (2) to be capable of penetrating into the undisturbed soil body on the side wall of the drill hole (5) due to high elasticity, and particularly paying attention to the fact that the pull ropes (9) of the layered settlement magnetic rings (1) on the lower portion are pulled out of the ground completely and then pulling the pull ropes (9) of the layered settlement magnetic rings (1) on the upper portion, so that the pull ropes (9) are prevented from being wound with each other;

s10, after the spring legs (2) of all layered settlement magnetic rings (1) are bounced open, hole sealing is carried out in the modes of slurry injection, sand filling, clay ball filling and the like according to the characteristics of the soil layer (4), the hole sealing quality must be strictly controlled, and the phenomenon that the physical and mechanical properties of the filler and the surrounding soil layer (4) are too large in difference is avoided;

s11, after backfilling is finished, arranging a protective cover at an orifice to prevent a hole from being damaged or prevent impurities from entering a sedimentation sleeve (6);

s12, during measurement, the protective cover is opened, and the layered settlement magnetic rings (1) at all positions are subjected to reciprocating test for not less than 3 times by using a layered settlement magnetic ring instrument.

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