CN115612218B - High-aging-resistance rubber sheath for cable and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-aging-resistance rubber sheath for cable and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
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- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cables, and provides a high-aging-resistance rubber sheath for a cable and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high-aging-resistance rubber sheath for the cable comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of chlorinated polyethylene resin, 15-20 parts of white carbon black, 10-15 parts of polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, 24-32 parts of plasticizer, 0.5-1 part of silane coupling agent, 2-4 parts of vulcanizing agent, 1-1.5 parts of accelerator and 20-30 parts of flame retardant. Through above-mentioned technical scheme, the problem of among the prior art chlorinated polyethylene cable sheathing long-time use easy ageing deformation, fracture has been solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a high-aging-resistance rubber sheath for a cable and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The cable sheath is a part for protecting the cable from various physical and chemical damages from the outside, and the common rubber of the cable sheath comprises natural rubber, chloroprene rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, chlorinated polyethylene and the like, wherein the chlorinated polyethylene in the rubber is a chlorine-containing polymer obtained by modifying polyethylene through chlorination, and due to the saturability of a main chain of the chlorinated polyethylene and chlorine atoms contained in the main chain, the chlorinated polyethylene has good tear resistance, oil resistance, corona resistance, flame retardance and the like, and is more favored in the market.
However, when the chlorinated polyethylene rubber cable sheath is used outdoors for a long time, the cable sheath is aged due to the influence of oxygen, high temperature, low temperature and the like, so that the cable sheath is deformed and cracked, and the use of the cable sheath is influenced. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a high aging resistant rubber sheath for cables to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-aging-resistance rubber sheath for a cable and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problem that a chlorinated polyethylene cable sheath in the prior art is easy to age, deform and crack after being used for a long time.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a high-aging-resistance rubber sheath for a cable, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of chlorinated polyethylene resin, 15-20 parts of white carbon black, 10-15 parts of polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, 24-32 parts of plasticizer, 0.5-1 part of silane coupling agent, 2-4 parts of vulcanizing agent, 1-1.5 parts of accelerator and 20-30 parts of flame retardant.
As a further technical scheme, the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate is prepared by the following method: and adding the nano barium sulfate into the polyimide emulsion, stirring for 1-2 hours, washing with water, and drying to obtain the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate.
As a further technical scheme, in the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, the mass ratio of polyimide to nano barium sulfate is 1:30.
as a further technical scheme, in the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, polyimide is low molecular weight polyimide and/or high molecular weight polyimide.
As a further technical proposal, when the polyimide is low molecular weight polyimide and high molecular weight polyimide, the addition amount of the high molecular weight polyimide is 5 percent of the mass of the low molecular weight polyimide.
As a further technical scheme, the molecular weight of the low molecular weight polyimide is 1500, and the molecular weight of the high molecular weight polyimide is 50000-80000.
As a further technical scheme, the plasticizer is dioctyl terephthalate and/or dibutyl diglycol adipate, and the flame retardant is magnesium hydroxide and/or antimony trioxide.
According to a further technical scheme, the vulcanizing agent is diisotoluene peroxide, the accelerator is triallyl isocyanurate, and the silane coupling agent is one of vinyl tri (beta-methoxyethoxy) silane, vinyl triethoxysilane and vinyl trimethoxysilane.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-aging-resistance rubber sheath for the cable, which comprises the following steps:
s1, plasticating chlorinated polyethylene resin in an internal mixer to obtain a plasticated material;
s2, putting the plasticated material, white carbon black, polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, a plasticizer, a silane coupling agent, an accelerator and a flame retardant into an internal mixer for mixing, adding a vulcanizing agent, and mixing to obtain a mixed rubber material;
and S3, feeding the mixed rubber material into an open mill for rubber mixing, cutting and cooling to obtain the high-aging-resistance rubber sheath for the cable.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the invention, the nano barium sulfate is added into the rubber sheath to improve the aging resistance of the rubber sheath, before the nano barium sulfate is added, the polyimide is adopted to modify the nano barium sulfate, so that the polyimide is coated on the surface of the nano barium sulfate, and the compatibility between the polyimide and the chlorinated polyethylene is utilized to improve the dispersibility of the nano barium sulfate in the rubber sheath, so that the aging resistance modification effect of the nano barium sulfate on the rubber sheath is more effectively exerted, the tensile strength retention rate of the prepared rubber sheath after an air box thermal aging test (100 ℃, 7 d) is as high as 93.2-98.2%, the elongation at break retention rate is as high as 95.8-98.6%, and the requirement of far exceeding the standard is met.
2. In the invention, the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate is added into the rubber sheath, so that the mechanical property of the rubber sheath is also obviously improved, the tensile strength of the prepared rubber sheath is as high as 21.6-25.1MPa, and the elongation at break is as high as 529-655%.
3. In the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, the low molecular weight polyimide and the high molecular weight polyimide are cooperated, so that the aging resistance of the rubber sheath is further improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any inventive step, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
In the following examples and comparative examples, the molecular weight of the low molecular weight polyimide was 1500, the molecular weight of the high molecular weight polyimide was 50000 to 80000, and the chlorine content in the chlorinated polyethylene was 36%.
Example 1
A high-aging-resistance rubber sheath for cables comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of chlorinated polyethylene resin, 15 parts of white carbon black, 10 parts of polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, 21 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 3 parts of dibutyl diglycol adipate, 0.5 part of vinyl tri (beta-methoxyethoxy) silane, 2 parts of diisotoluene peroxide, 1 part of triallyl isocyanurate and 20 parts of magnesium hydroxide;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, plasticating chlorinated polyethylene resin in an internal mixer at 70 ℃ for 5min to obtain a plasticated material;
s2, putting the plasticated material, white carbon black, polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, dioctyl terephthalate, dibutyl diglycol adipate, vinyl tri (beta-methoxyethoxy) silane, triallyl isocyanurate and magnesium hydroxide into an internal mixer for mixing for 10min, adding diisotoluene peroxide, and mixing for 2min to obtain a mixed rubber material;
s3, feeding the mixed rubber material into an open mill for rubber mixing, cutting and cooling to obtain the high-aging-resistance rubber sheath for the cable;
the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate is prepared by the following steps: dissolving 2.5g of polyoxyethylene ether in 100mL of water to obtain a polyoxyethylene ether aqueous solution, heating to 45 ℃, dripping 10mL of dimethylformamide solution containing 10g of polyimide into the heated polyoxyethylene ether aqueous solution, uniformly stirring, cooling to obtain a polyimide emulsion, adding nano barium sulfate into the polyimide emulsion, stirring for 1.5 hours, and drying to obtain polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, wherein the mass ratio of the polyimide to the nano barium sulfate is 1:30, the polyimide is a mixture of low molecular weight polyimide and high molecular weight polyimide, and the addition amount of the high molecular weight polyimide is 5% of the mass of the low molecular weight polyimide.
Example 2
A high-aging-resistance rubber sheath for cables comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of chlorinated polyethylene resin, 15 parts of white carbon black, 10 parts of polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, 21 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 3 parts of dibutyl diglycol adipate, 0.5 part of vinyl tri (beta-methoxyethoxy) silane, 2 parts of diisotoluene peroxide, 1 part of triallyl isocyanurate and 20 parts of magnesium hydroxide, wherein in the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, polyimide is a mixture of low molecular weight polyimide and high molecular weight polyimide, and the addition amount of the high molecular weight polyimide is 4% of the mass of the low molecular weight polyimide;
the preparation methods of the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate and the high aging resistant rubber sheath for the cable are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
Example 3
A high-aging-resistance rubber sheath for cables comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of chlorinated polyethylene resin, 15 parts of white carbon black, 10 parts of polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, 21 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 3 parts of dibutyl diglycol adipate, 0.5 part of vinyl tri (beta-methoxyethoxy) silane, 2 parts of diisotoluene peroxide, 1 part of triallyl isocyanurate and 20 parts of magnesium hydroxide, wherein in the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, polyimide is a mixture of low molecular weight polyimide and high molecular weight polyimide, and the addition amount of the high molecular weight polyimide is 6% of the mass of the low molecular weight polyimide;
the preparation methods of the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate and the high aging-resistant rubber sheath for the cable are the same as those in example 1.
Example 4
A high-aging-resistance rubber sheath for cables comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of chlorinated polyethylene resin, 15 parts of white carbon black, 10 parts of polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, 21 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 3 parts of dibutyl diglycol adipate, 0.5 part of vinyl tri (beta-methoxyethoxy) silane, 2 parts of diisotoluene peroxide, 1 part of triallyl isocyanurate and 20 parts of magnesium hydroxide, wherein in the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, the polyimide is high-molecular-weight polyimide;
the preparation methods of the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate and the high aging resistant rubber sheath for the cable are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
Example 5
A high-aging-resistance rubber sheath for cables comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of chlorinated polyethylene resin, 15 parts of white carbon black, 10 parts of polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, 21 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 3 parts of dibutyl diglycol adipate, 0.5 part of vinyl tri (beta-methoxyethoxy) silane, 2 parts of diisotoluene peroxide, 1 part of triallyl isocyanurate and 20 parts of magnesium hydroxide, wherein in the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, polyimide is low-molecular-weight polyimide;
the preparation methods of the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate and the high aging resistant rubber sheath for the cable are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
Example 6
A high-aging-resistance rubber sheath for cables comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of chlorinated polyethylene resin, 18 parts of white carbon black, 12 parts of polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, 28 parts of dibutyl diglycol adipate, 0.6 part of vinyl triethoxysilane, 3 parts of diisotoluene peroxide, 1.2 parts of triallyl isocyanurate and 25 parts of antimony trioxide; in the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, the polyimide is a mixture of low molecular weight polyimide and high molecular weight polyimide, and the addition amount of the high molecular weight polyimide is 5% of the mass of the low molecular weight polyimide.
The preparation methods of the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate and the high aging resistant rubber sheath for the cable are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
Example 7
A high-aging-resistance rubber sheath for cables comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of chlorinated polyethylene resin, 20 parts of white carbon black, 15 parts of polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, 32 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 1 part of vinyl trimethoxy silane, 4 parts of diisotoluene peroxide, 1.5 parts of triallyl isocyanurate, 10 parts of magnesium hydroxide and 20 parts of antimony trioxide; in the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, polyimide is a mixture of low molecular weight polyimide and high molecular weight polyimide, and the addition amount of the high molecular weight polyimide is 5% of the mass of the low molecular weight polyimide.
The preparation methods of the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate and the high aging-resistant rubber sheath for the cable are the same as those in example 1.
Comparative example 1
The only difference from example 1 is that the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate is replaced by the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate with the mass ratio of 1:30 with nano barium sulfate.
Comparative example 2
The only difference from example 1 is that the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate is replaced with nano barium sulfate.
The following performance tests were performed on the rubber boots of examples 1-7 and comparative examples 1-2:
(1) Mechanical properties: according to GB/T2951.11-2008 general test method for Cable and Cable insulation and sheath materials part 11: general test methods-thickness and physical dimension measurements-mechanical properties tests "the methods specified in the test methods test samples for tensile strength and elongation at break;
(2) Aging resistance: according to GB/T2951.12-2008 general test method for Cable and Cable insulation and sheath materials part 12: carrying out an aging resistance test by a method specified in general test method-thermal aging test method, testing the tensile strength and the elongation at break of each sample after aging, and calculating the retention rate of the tensile strength and the retention rate of the elongation at break of each sample after aging;
the results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 mechanical and ageing resistance of rubber boots of examples 1-7 and comparative examples 1-2
The standard requirements are those in NEMA WC58 portable and power supply cables for mines and the like.
The data in the table above show that the tensile strength of the rubber sheaths of examples 1 to 7 is as high as 21.6 to 25.1MPa, the elongation at break is as high as 529 to 655%, the retention rate of the tensile strength after aging resistance is as high as 93.2 to 98.2%, and the retention rate of the elongation at break is as high as 95.8 to 98.6%, which are far higher than the standard requirements, which indicates that the mechanical property and the aging resistance of the rubber sheaths are significantly improved by optimally designing the formula of the rubber sheaths.
Compared with comparative examples 1 and 2, the rubber sheath in example 1 has improved mechanical properties and aging resistance, which shows that compared with the direct addition of polyimide and nano barium sulfate, the nano barium sulfate is modified by polyimide, and the polyimide is coated on the surface of the nano barium sulfate, so that the dispersion uniformity of the nano barium sulfate in the rubber sheath can be remarkably promoted, the exertion of the function of the nano barium sulfate is promoted, and the mechanical properties and aging resistance of the rubber sheath are remarkably improved.
Compared with the rubber sheath prepared in the embodiments 4 and 5, the rubber sheath prepared in the embodiment 1 has better aging resistance, which shows that the high molecular weight polyimide and the low molecular weight polyimide act synergistically to further improve the rubber sheath and the aging resistance.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The high-aging-resistance rubber sheath for the cable is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of chlorinated polyethylene resin, 15-20 parts of white carbon black, 10-15 parts of polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, 24-32 parts of plasticizer, 0.5-1 part of silane coupling agent, 2-4 parts of vulcanizing agent, 1-1.5 parts of accelerator and 20-30 parts of flame retardant;
the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate is prepared by the following method: adding nano barium sulfate into the polyimide emulsion, uniformly stirring and drying to obtain polyimide modified nano barium sulfate;
in the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, the mass ratio of polyimide to nano barium sulfate is 1:30.
2. the high aging resistant rubber sheath for cable of claim 1, wherein in the polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, the polyimide is low molecular weight polyimide and/or high molecular weight polyimide, the molecular weight of the low molecular weight polyimide is 1500, and the molecular weight of the high molecular weight polyimide is 50000-80000.
3. The high aging-resistant rubber sheath for cables of claim 2, wherein when the polyimide is low molecular weight polyimide and high molecular weight polyimide, the addition amount of the high molecular weight polyimide is 5% of the mass of the low molecular weight polyimide.
4. The rubber sheath of claim 1, wherein the plasticizer is dioctyl terephthalate and/or dibutyl diglycol adipate, and the flame retardant is magnesium hydroxide and/or antimony trioxide.
5. The highly aging-resistant rubber sheath for cables of claim 1, wherein the vulcanizing agent is diisotoluene peroxide, the accelerator is triallyl isocyanurate, and the silane coupling agent is one of vinyltris (β -methoxyethoxy) silane, vinyltriethoxysilane, and vinyltrimethoxysilane.
6. The method for preparing the rubber sheath with high aging resistance for the cable according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, plasticating chlorinated polyethylene resin in an internal mixer to obtain a plasticated material;
s2, putting the plasticated material, white carbon black, polyimide modified nano barium sulfate, a plasticizer, a silane coupling agent, an accelerator and a flame retardant into an internal mixer for mixing, adding a vulcanizing agent, and mixing to obtain a mixed rubber material;
and S3, feeding the mixed rubber material into an open mill for rubber mixing, cutting and cooling to obtain the high-aging-resistance rubber sheath for the cable.
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