CN115595706A - Washable flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric and manufacturing method and washing method thereof - Google Patents
Washable flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric and manufacturing method and washing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115595706A CN115595706A CN202211320563.XA CN202211320563A CN115595706A CN 115595706 A CN115595706 A CN 115595706A CN 202211320563 A CN202211320563 A CN 202211320563A CN 115595706 A CN115595706 A CN 115595706A
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- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/47—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads multicomponent, e.g. blended yarns or threads
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- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/208—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based
- D03D15/217—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based natural from plants, e.g. cotton
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- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
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- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/60—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the warp or weft elements other than yarns or threads
- D03D15/68—Scaffolding threads, i.e. threads removed after weaving
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- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
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- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
- D04B1/16—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials synthetic threads
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- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
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- D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
- D06B3/10—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fabrics
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- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C7/00—Heating or cooling textile fabrics
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- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/68—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof
- D06M11/70—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof with oxides of phosphorus; with hypophosphorous, phosphorous or phosphoric acids or their salts
- D06M11/71—Salts of phosphoric acids
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- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/35—Heterocyclic compounds
- D06M13/355—Heterocyclic compounds having six-membered heterocyclic rings
- D06M13/358—Triazines
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- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/402—Amides imides, sulfamic acids
- D06M13/432—Urea, thiourea or derivatives thereof, e.g. biurets; Urea-inclusion compounds; Dicyanamides; Carbodiimides; Guanidines, e.g. dicyandiamides
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- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
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- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/24—Polymers or copolymers of alkenylalcohols or esters thereof; Polymers or copolymers of alkenylethers, acetals or ketones
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- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/30—Flame or heat resistance, fire retardancy properties
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- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
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- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/02—Cotton
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- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D10B2321/06—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated alcohols, e.g. polyvinyl alcohol, or of their acetals or ketals
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Abstract
The invention discloses a washable flame-retardant heat-insulating fabric and a manufacturing method and a washing method thereof, belonging to the field of textiles, wherein the method comprises the steps of weaving a base fabric by using core-spun yarns; wherein the core yarn of the core-spun yarn is chemical fiber, and the outer layer is cotton fiber; carrying out core melting treatment on the base fabric to melt or dissolve the core yarn to obtain a hollow fabric; carrying out phosphorylation treatment on the hollow fabric by using a first solution to obtain a modified fabric; and (3) carrying out grafting treatment on the modified fabric by using a melamine solution and drying to obtain the washable flame-retardant heat-insulating fabric. The yarns of the fabric have a hollow structure after core melting treatment, so the fabric has a heat insulation effect, and phosphorylation treatment and grafting treatment can graft phosphorus-containing groups and nitrogen-containing groups on cellulose molecules of cotton fibers, and are different from common dipping and only can enable flame retardants to be attached to the surfaces of the yarns, and the fabric prepared by the method still has a good flame-retardant heat insulation effect after washing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a washable flame-retardant heat-insulating fabric, a manufacturing method thereof and a washing method thereof, belonging to the field of textiles.
Background
There are generally two types of methods for flame retardant treatment of textiles:
1. the flame-retardant coating is covered on the surface of the textile so as to endow the textile with flame retardant performance, the coating comprises a flame retardant and a binder serving as a carrier, and the binder easily hardens the textile and also causes poor hand feeling and insufficient air permeability of the textile. After multiple washing, the adhesive is gradually ineffective, the coating gradually falls off, and the flame retardant property of the fabric is gradually reduced.
2. The prior flame-retardant finishing liquor is changed from the prior flame-retardant system of a nitrogen-containing hydroxymethyl compound to a low-formaldehyde/formaldehyde-free flame-retardant system. The flame retardant can permeate into the fabric by padding the flame retardant, so that the flame retardant effect of the fabric is realized. In fact, after drying, the flame retardant stays in the fibers, giving the fabric a flame retardant effect. However, the impregnation basically only enables the flame retardant to stay on the surface of the fabric, so a large amount of the flame retardant needs to be added, and the flame retardant can play a role in flame retardance after being impregnated for multiple times. After being washed for many times, the flame retardant is easy to fall off, and is not beneficial to the health of people wearing the fabric except for the reduction of the flame retardant capability. On the other hand, a large amount of flame retardant is needed for multiple times of dipping, which is not favorable for the requirement of green sustainable development.
3. The cotton fiber is modified by adopting the flame retardant containing P or N, so that the cotton fiber has a flame retardant function and good fastness, and still has a flame retardant effect after a small amount of washing, but the flame retardance of the cotton fiber modified by single substances is reduced more along with the increase of the washing times. The researchers also adopt the P and N compounds to carry out double modification on the cotton fiber, the flame retardant effect of the cotton fiber can be enhanced to a certain extent through the double synergistic effect of P and N, the flame retardant effect of the clothes is gradually reduced along with the increase of the washing times, the flame retardant effect of the double-modified fabric is reduced less than that of the single-substance modified fabric after the same washing times, the limit oxygen index of the fabric is reduced to 20 after 50 times of washing, and the limit oxygen index is difficult to maintain at 30.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the washable flame-retardant heat-insulating fabric, and the manufacturing method and the washing method thereof, and the washable flame-retardant heat-insulating fabric still has a good flame-retardant effect after being washed for multiple times.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a method for making a wash-resistant, flame-retardant, heat-insulating fabric, comprising the steps of:
weaving a base fabric by using the covering yarns; wherein the core yarn of the core-spun yarn is chemical fiber, and the outer layer is cotton fiber;
performing core melting treatment on the base fabric to melt or dissolve the core yarn to obtain a hollow fabric;
carrying out phosphorylation treatment on the hollow fabric by using a first solution to obtain a modified fabric;
and (3) grafting the modified fabric by using a melamine solution and drying to obtain the washable flame-retardant heat-insulating fabric.
The method for manufacturing the washable flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric can enable yarns of the fabric to have a hollow structure, so that the fabric has a certain heat-insulation effect, the phosphorylation treatment and the grafting treatment can enable phosphorus-containing groups and nitrogen-containing groups to be grafted on cellulose molecules of cotton fibers, and the method is different from the common method that only a flame retardant can be attached to the surfaces of the yarns in a dipping mode, and the fabric manufactured by the method still has a good flame-retardant heat-insulation effect after being washed.
Further, the chemical fiber is vinylon, and the process conditions of the core melting treatment are as follows: heating for 30-60 min in a drying environment at 90-100 ℃.
In two core melting modes of melting and dissolving, the melting effect is better, the chemical fiber is easy to directly run off along with a solvent after being dissolved, so that the mechanical property of the yarn is greatly reduced, the chemical fiber is infiltrated among the cotton fibers at the outer layer after being melted, the effect of reinforcing the cotton fibers at the outer layer is achieved after the chemical fiber is re-solidified, and the mechanical property of the yarn is slightly reduced after the core melting treatment in the melting mode. In being fit for the optional chemical fibre of melting, the softening point of some chemical fibres is higher than cotton fiber's flash point, need isolated oxygen when melting the core and handling, and is comparatively troublesome, when chooseing for use vinylon, softening temperature does not reach cotton fiber's flash point, can need not isolated oxygen direct processing, and is more convenient.
Further, the first solution is a mixed solution containing ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and urea; the mixing molar ratio of the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate to the urea is 1:6-9; the step of phosphorylation treatment includes: and soaking the hollow fabric in the first solution at 65-70 ℃ for treatment for 1-1.5 h, and then drying at 125-130 ℃ for 12-15 min to obtain the modified fabric.
Under the specific conditions, it is possible to graft a phosphoric acid group onto the free hydroxyl groups of the cellulose, and to oxidize part of the free hydroxyl groups of the cellulose into carbonyl groups in preparation for the subsequent grafting treatment. And the urea has swelling effect on the cotton fabric, so that ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and hydroxyl in the cellulose have more reaction points, and the phosphoric acid group is grafted on the cellulose better by carrying out phosphorylation treatment at the temperature.
Further, the preparation method of the first solution comprises the following steps: dissolving ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and urea in water according to the mixing ratio, stirring at 200-300 r/min, treating with 500-800 Hz/min ultrasonic wave, and dissolving completely to obtain the first solution.
Further, before the phosphorylation treatment, there is also a step of: drying, and then carrying out high-temperature steam treatment on the fabric; the process conditions of the high-temperature steam treatment are as follows: treating in steam at 110-130 deg.C for 10-20 min.
Under the action of high-temperature steam treatment, the crystallinity of the cellulose is reduced by 1 to 2 percent, which is beneficial to further processing of the fabric and the flame retardant treatment (phosphorylation treatment and grafting treatment) of the fabric.
Further, the base fabric is denim, and there is also a step between the weaving and the core-melting treatment: first desizing treatment; there is also a step between the core melting treatment and the phosphorylation treatment: second desizing treatment and water washing treatment.
Compared with common woven fabric, the jean fabric has a pulp dyeing process before weaving, an after-finishing process comprising singeing, desizing and preshrinking exists after weaving, and after the after-finishing is carried out on the flame-retardant treatment, the flame-retardant effect can be prevented from being reduced by the after-finishing.
Further, the process conditions of the first desizing treatment are as follows: the concentration of desizing enzyme is 6 g/L-8 g/L, the concentration of penetrating agent is 1 g/L-2 g/L, the treatment temperature is 60-70 ℃, and the treatment time is 6-10min; the process conditions of the second desizing treatment are as follows: the concentration of desizing enzyme is 3 g/L-4 g/L, the concentration of penetrating agent is 0.5 g/L-1 g/L, the treatment temperature is 60-70 ℃, and the treatment time is 3 min-5 min.
The sizing agent seals the yarns, removes the sizing agent on the surface of the fabric, is beneficial to the modification treatment of the fabric, and can further remove the sizing agent on the surface of the fabric after twice desizing.
Further, the step of grafting treatment comprises: firstly adding sodium acetate into the treatment tank, then adding melamine into the treatment tank, and treating for 10-20 min at 40-50 ℃.
In the previous phosphorylation treatment, part of the free hydroxyl groups of the cellulose are oxidized into carbonyl groups, part of the free hydroxyl groups are connected with phosphate groups, and the melamine can be grafted on the cellulose by the reaction of the carbon groups and the amine groups on the melamine.
Further, after the grafting treatment and drying, there is also a step of: the fabric was treated with acetic acid. Acetic acid can continuously react with the residual amidocyanogen on the melamine, which is beneficial to further enhancing the flame retardant effect.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a washable flame retardant heat insulation fabric, which is manufactured by the method for manufacturing the washable flame retardant heat insulation fabric according to the first aspect. The yarns of the washable flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric have a hollow structure, so that the washable flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric has a heat-insulation effect, and phosphate groups and melamine groups are grafted on cotton fibers and are not easy to fall off after washing, so that the washable flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric has a long-term flame-retardant effect.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a method of washing, suitable for use with a wash durable, flame retardant, thermally insulating fabric as described in the second aspect, wherein the pH of the rinse water is adjusted to 2-4 with acetic acid during the rinse in a normal laundry process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for manufacturing the washable flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric can ensure that yarns of the fabric have a hollow structure after core melting treatment, so that the fabric has a heat-insulation effect, and the phosphorylation treatment and the grafting treatment can ensure that the phosphorus-containing groups and the nitrogen-containing groups are grafted on cellulose molecules of cotton fibers, which is different from the common soaking treatment that only a flame retardant is attached to the surfaces of the yarns, so that the fabric manufactured by the method still has a good flame-retardant heat-insulation effect after being washed.
Additional features and advantages of the present application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the present application. The objectives and other advantages of the application may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the phosphorylation treatment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a washing method for a wash-durable flame-retardant heat-insulating fabric provided by an embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As the prior art, the flame retardant principle of the phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant is that a uniform carbon foam layer can be generated on the surface when the phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant is heated. Has the functions of heat insulation, oxygen insulation, smoke suppression and droplet prevention, thereby having good flame retardant property. The phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant does not contain halogen, does not need antimony trioxide as a synergist, and has the characteristics of low smoke, low toxicity, high efficiency and the like. During combustion, phosphoric acid groups generate phosphoric acid, and metaphosphoric acid is generated at a higher temperature, and both the phosphoric acid and the metaphosphoric acid are dehydrating agents, so that the cellulose is directly dehydrated and carbonized, the generation of combustible gas is avoided, and meanwhile, a coke layer is formed on the surface of the combustion fabric, so that on one hand, the contact between the combustible gas and the front edge of flame can be blocked, and on the other hand, air and heat are separated from the surface of the combustion fabric, so that the continuous combustion of the fabric is prevented; the nitrogen-containing group releases gases such as ammonia gas, nitrogen gas and the like during combustion, so that the oxygen concentration is reduced, and the flame retardance is realized.
However, the adhesion effect of the fabric directly soaked by the solution of the flame retardant is poor, and the flame retardant performance is greatly reduced after daily washing. Aiming at the problem, the invention provides a method for manufacturing a washable flame-retardant heat-insulating fabric, which comprises the following steps:
s1: weaving a base fabric by using the covering yarns; the core yarn of the core-spun yarn is chemical fiber, and the outer layer is cotton fiber.
S2: the base fabric is subjected to a core-melting treatment to melt or dissolve the core yarn, resulting in a hollow fabric.
S3: and (3) carrying out phosphorylation treatment on the hollow fabric by using the first solution to obtain the modified fabric.
S4: and (3) carrying out grafting treatment on the modified fabric by using a melamine solution and drying to obtain the washable flame-retardant heat-insulating fabric.
In two core melting modes of melting and dissolving, the melting effect is better, the chemical fiber is easy to directly run off along with a solvent after being dissolved, so that the mechanical property of the yarn is greatly reduced, the chemical fiber is infiltrated among the cotton fibers at the outer layer after being melted, the effect of reinforcing the cotton fibers at the outer layer is achieved after the chemical fiber is re-solidified, and the mechanical property of the yarn is slightly reduced after the core melting treatment in the melting mode.
It should be noted that the core melting treatment does not need to completely remove the core yarn, and only needs to form a hollow structure, the core yarn can remain less than 30%, the hollow structure can slow down heat conduction to a certain extent, the chemical fiber is melted and permeated into the fiber of the yarn, the process conditions of the core melting treatment are controlled, and partial chemical fiber can be re-solidified between the yarns, so that the reduction of the fabric strength is reduced to a certain extent, and for the denim, the residual chemical fiber also plays a role in protecting the fiber in the post-finishing process and the washing (ageing) process.
For the case of denim, there is also a step between the weaving step S1 and the step S2: s11, first desizing treatment; between step S2 and step S3 there is also the step of: s21 second desizing treatment and S22 water washing treatment.
Compared with common woven fabric, the jean fabric has a pulp dyeing process before weaving, an after-finishing process comprising singeing, desizing and preshrinking exists after weaving, and after the after-finishing is carried out on the flame-retardant treatment, the flame-retardant effect can be prevented from being reduced by the after-finishing.
Wherein, the process conditions of the first desizing treatment are as follows: the concentration of desizing enzyme is 6 g/L-8 g/L, the concentration of penetrating agent is 1 g/L-2 g/L, the treatment temperature is 60-70 ℃, and the treatment time is 6-10min; the process conditions of the second desizing treatment are as follows: the concentration of desizing enzyme is 3 g/L-4 g/L, the concentration of penetrating agent is 0.5 g/L-1 g/L, the treatment temperature is 60-70 ℃, and the treatment time is 3 min-5 min.
The sizing agent seals the yarns, removes the sizing agent on the surface of the fabric, is beneficial to the modification treatment of the fabric, and can further remove the sizing agent on the surface of the fabric after twice desizing. After the step S12, most of the sizing agent on the fabric is faded away, so that the sealing of the sizing agent on the yarn is released, and the chemical fiber has enough way to make the center of the yarn hollow during the subsequent core melting treatment. After the core melting treatment, the structure of the yarn is slightly changed, some sizing materials which are difficult to treat are exposed, and the second desizing treatment is performed to facilitate the full removal of the sizing materials, so that more reaction sites exist in the subsequent phosphorylation treatment and grafting treatment.
In being fit for the optional chemical fibre of melting, the softening point of some chemical fibres is higher than cotton fiber's flash point, need isolated oxygen when melting the core and handling, and is comparatively troublesome, when chooseing for use vinylon, softening temperature does not reach cotton fiber's flash point, can need not isolated oxygen direct processing, and is more convenient. Correspondingly, the process conditions of the core melting treatment are as follows: heating for 30-60 min in a drying environment at 90-100 ℃.
Before step S3, there is also the step of: drying, and then carrying out high-temperature steam treatment on the fabric; the process conditions of the high-temperature steam treatment are as follows: treating in steam at 110-130 deg.C for 10-20 min. Under the action of high-temperature steam treatment, the crystallinity of the cellulose is reduced by 1-2%, more free chain segments are released, the further processing of the fabric is facilitated, and the flame retardant treatment (phosphorylation treatment and grafting treatment) of the fabric is facilitated. In the case of introducing high-temperature steam, if the softening point of the chemical fibers is low, the time for the core melting process should be shortened (e.g., halved) accordingly.
In the step S3, the first solution is a mixed solution containing ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and urea; the mixing molar ratio of the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate to the urea is 1:6-9; the step of phosphorylation treatment includes: soaking the hollow fabric in a first solution at 65-70 ℃ for treatment for 1-1.5 h, and then drying at 125-130 ℃ for 12-15 min to obtain the modified fabric. The preparation method of the first solution comprises the following steps: dissolving ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and urea in water according to the mixing ratio, stirring at 200-300 r/min, and dissolving with the aid of 500-800 Hz/min ultrasonic wave to obtain a first solution.
The phosphorylation treatment results are shown in fig. 1, and under the specific conditions, a phosphate group can be grafted on the free hydroxyl group of the cellulose, and part of the free hydroxyl group of the cellulose is oxidized to a carbonyl group (dotted circle in fig. 1) in preparation for the subsequent grafting treatment. And the urea has the swelling effect on cotton fabrics, so that ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and hydroxyl in cellulose have more reaction points, and the effect of grafting phosphate groups on the cellulose is better by carrying out phosphorylation treatment at the temperature.
In step S4: firstly adding sodium acetate into the treatment tank, then adding melamine into the treatment tank, and treating for 10-20 min at 40-50 ℃.
In the previous phosphorylation treatment, part of the free hydroxyl groups of the cellulose are oxidized into carbonyl groups, part of the free hydroxyl groups are grafted with phosphate groups, and the reaction of the phosphate groups with the amine groups on the melamine can graft the melamine on the cellulose.
In the prior art, the cotton fibers are subjected to flame retardant modification treatment, so that the washing fastness is poor, the flame retardant effect is difficult to recover, and therefore the invention also provides a washing method for the washing fastness and flame retardant heat insulation fabric. The normal washing process comprises the following steps: washing with detergent, dewatering (or squeezing), rinsing, dewatering (or squeezing), and baking (or drying in the sun). After the detergent is washed, besides the grafted phosphoric acid is partially hydrolyzed, the phosphoric acid group is also easily combined with sodium ions in the detergent, as shown in the part above the arrow of figure 2, sodium phosphate cannot dehydrate and carbonize cellulose at high temperature, aiming at the problem, the washing method of the invention uses acetic acid to adjust the pH value of water for rinsing to 2-4 during rinsing, the acetic acid has proper ionization capacity and wide source, and is easy to obtain even in household washing, and the acetic acid has small damage to fabrics, because the ionization capacity of secondary ionization and tertiary ionization of the phosphoric acid is weaker than that of the acetic acid, most of sodium ions in the sodium phosphate group are replaced by hydrogen ions in the acetic acid, the phosphoric acid group can be recovered, and simultaneously, NH2 in melamine is combined with the acetic acid, as shown in the part below the arrow of figure 2, the flame retardant effect of the fabric after washing can be effectively recovered. After the washing is carried out for a plurality of times according to the method, the limiting oxygen index is 3 to 4 percent higher than that of the washing carried out for a plurality of times according to the common method.
Example 1
And the warp yarns and the weft yarns are all core-spun yarns, and the base fabric is woven. The warp yarn is dyed into blue, the core yarn of the core-spun yarn is vinylon, and the outer layer is cotton fiber. The base fabric is cleaned by clear water and then subjected to first desizing treatment, wherein the concentration of desizing enzyme is 8g/L, the concentration of penetrating agent is 2g/L, the treatment temperature is 70 ℃, and the treatment time is 10min. And (3) continuing to perform core melting treatment on the base fabric, and soaking the base fabric for 10min by using hot water at the temperature of 90 ℃ to obtain the hollow fabric. And cleaning the hollow fabric with clear water, and then carrying out secondary desizing treatment, wherein the concentration of desizing enzyme is 3g/L, the concentration of penetrating agent is 0.5g/L, the treatment temperature is 60 ℃, and the treatment time is 3min. And then, cleaning the fabric with clean water, drying, then, carrying out high-temperature steam treatment on the fabric, and treating for 10min in steam at the temperature of 110 ℃. And (3) carrying out phosphorylation treatment on the hollow fabric by using a first solution, wherein the mixing molar ratio of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate to urea in the first solution is 1:9; and (3) soaking the hollow fabric in the first solution at 65 ℃ for 1h, and then drying at 130 ℃ for 12min to obtain the modified fabric. The modified fabric was allowed to enter the treatment tank, sodium acetate was added to the treatment tank, then melamine was added to the treatment tank, treated at 45 ℃ for 20min, and dried to obtain the fabric of example 1.
Example 2
And the warp yarns and the weft yarns are all core-spun yarns, and the base fabric is woven. The warp yarn is dyed into blue, the core yarn of the core-spun yarn is vinylon, and the outer layer is cotton fiber. The base fabric is cleaned by clear water, and then first desizing treatment is carried out, wherein the concentration of desizing enzyme is 6g/L, the concentration of penetrating agent is 1g/L, the treatment temperature is 60 ℃, and the treatment time is 6min. And continuously performing core melting treatment on the base fabric at the temperature of 100 ℃ for 60min. And (3) cleaning the hollow fabric with clear water, and then carrying out second desizing treatment, wherein the concentration of desizing enzyme is 4g/L, the concentration of penetrating agent is 1/L, the treatment temperature is 70 ℃, and the treatment time is 5min. And then the fabric is cleaned by clear water. And (3) carrying out phosphorylation treatment on the hollow fabric by using a first solution, wherein the mixing molar ratio of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate to urea in the first solution is 1:6; and (3) soaking the hollow fabric in the first solution at 70 ℃ for 1.5h, and then drying at 125 ℃ for 15min to obtain the modified fabric. And (3) enabling the modified fabric to enter a treatment tank, adding sodium acetate into the treatment tank, then adding melamine into the treatment tank, treating at 50 ℃ for 10min, and drying to obtain the fabric of the embodiment 2.
Comparative example 1
Weaving the denim by a conventional method and performing after-finishing, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
warp yarns and weft yarns are cotton yarns, wherein the warp yarns are dyed into blue through size, desizing is carried out once in the after-finishing process, the concentration of desizing enzyme is 8g/L, the concentration of penetrating agent is 2g/L, the treatment temperature is 70 ℃, and the treatment time is 10min. Preparing a solution by using a commercially available APP (ammonium polyphosphate) flame retardant, distributing the solution into three box tanks, sequentially dipping and binding the fabric in the three box tanks, and drying to obtain the fabric of the comparative example 1.
Example 1 was cut into two pieces, one was used as new example 1, the other was used as comparative example 2, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 were washed by a general method, and examples 1 and 2 were adjusted to pH 3 with acetic acid at the time of rinsing. Comparative example 1 comparative example 2, example 1 and example 2 the limiting oxygen index of each sample was determined by cutting the sample before washing as a reference, cutting the sample after 5 washes, cutting the sample after 40 washes, and cutting the sample after 50 washes. Example 1 the limiting oxygen index after 5 washes was 52.6%, the limiting oxygen index after 40 washes was 38.4%, and the limiting oxygen index after 50 washes was 32.6%; example 2 the limiting oxygen index after 5 washes was 50.2%, the limiting oxygen index after 40 washes was 36.0%, and the limiting oxygen index after 50 washes was 31.0%; comparative example 1 the limiting oxygen index after 5 washes was 31.8%, the limiting oxygen index after 40 washes was 24.4%, and the limiting oxygen index after 50 washes was 19.6%; comparative example 2 the limiting oxygen index after 5 washes was 52.6%, the limiting oxygen index after 40 washes was 35.2%, and the limiting oxygen index after 50 washes was 28.8%. Therefore, after the fabric is washed for many times, the flame retardant property of the fabric is slowly attenuated, and the fabric is beneficial to maintaining excellent flame retardant effect for a long time.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "certain embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The manufacturing method of the washable flame-retardant heat-insulating fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
weaving a base fabric by using the core-spun yarn; wherein the core yarn of the core-spun yarn is chemical fiber, and the outer layer is cotton fiber;
performing core melting treatment on the base fabric to melt or dissolve the core yarn to obtain a hollow fabric;
carrying out phosphorylation treatment on the hollow fabric by using a first solution to obtain a modified fabric;
and (3) carrying out grafting treatment on the modified fabric by using a melamine solution and drying to obtain the washable flame-retardant heat-insulation fabric.
2. The method for manufacturing the washable, flame-retardant and heat-insulating fabric according to claim 1, wherein the chemical fibers are vinylon, and the process conditions of the core melting treatment are as follows: heating for 30-60 min in a drying environment at 90-100 ℃.
3. The method for manufacturing the washable flame-retardant heat-insulating fabric as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first solution is a mixed solution containing ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and urea; the mixing molar ratio of the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate to the urea is 1:6-9; the step of phosphorylation treatment includes: and (3) soaking the hollow fabric in the first solution at 65-70 ℃ for treatment for 1-1.5 h, and then drying at 125-130 ℃ for 12-15 min to obtain the modified fabric.
4. The method for making the wash-resistant flame-retardant heat-insulating fabric according to claim 3, wherein the first solution is prepared by the following steps: dissolving ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and urea in water according to the mixing ratio, stirring at 200-300 r/min, treating with 500-800 Hz/min ultrasonic wave, and dissolving completely to obtain the first solution.
5. The method of making a wash resistant, flame retardant and insulating fabric according to claim 1, wherein prior to said phosphating treatment there is the further step of: firstly, drying, and then carrying out high-temperature steam treatment on the fabric; the process conditions of the high-temperature steam treatment are as follows: treating in steam at 110-130 deg.C for 10-20 min.
6. The method for making a wash-resistant, flame-retardant and heat-insulating fabric according to claim 1, wherein the base fabric is denim, and there is a further step between the weaving and the core-melting treatment: performing first desizing treatment; there is also a step between the core melting treatment and the phosphorylation treatment: second desizing treatment and water washing treatment.
7. The method for manufacturing the washable flame retardant heat insulation fabric as claimed in claim 6, wherein the process conditions of the first desizing treatment are as follows: the concentration of desizing enzyme is 6 g/L-8 g/L, the concentration of penetrating agent is 1 g/L-2 g/L, the treatment temperature is 60-70 ℃, and the treatment time is 6-10min; the process conditions of the second desizing treatment are as follows: the concentration of desizing enzyme is 3 g/L-4 g/L, the concentration of penetrating agent is 0.5 g/L-1 g/L, the treatment temperature is 60 ℃ to 70 ℃, and the treatment time is 3min to 5min.
8. The method for making the wash-resistant, flame-retardant, and heat-insulating fabric according to claim 1, wherein the step of grafting comprises: firstly adding sodium acetate into the treatment tank, then adding melamine into the treatment tank, and treating for 10-20 min at 40-50 ℃.
9. A washable flame retardant heat insulation fabric, characterized by being produced by the method for producing the washable flame retardant heat insulation fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A washing method suitable for use in the wash-durable flame-retardant heat-insulating fabric as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the pH of the rinse water is adjusted to 2-4 with acetic acid during rinsing.
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| CN116535633A (en) * | 2023-04-29 | 2023-08-04 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Preparation method of phosphated polypropylene carbonate copolymer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116535633A (en) * | 2023-04-29 | 2023-08-04 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Preparation method of phosphated polypropylene carbonate copolymer |
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