CN115595024B - Composite non-stick coating, preparation method thereof and cooking utensil - Google Patents
Composite non-stick coating, preparation method thereof and cooking utensil Download PDFInfo
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- CN115595024B CN115595024B CN202110771383.2A CN202110771383A CN115595024B CN 115595024 B CN115595024 B CN 115595024B CN 202110771383 A CN202110771383 A CN 202110771383A CN 115595024 B CN115595024 B CN 115595024B
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- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorooctanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D127/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D127/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09D127/12—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C09D127/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethene
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
- A47J36/025—Vessels with non-stick features, e.g. coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D1/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D123/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D123/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09D123/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C09D123/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C09D123/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
- C09D123/0892—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms containing monomers with other atoms than carbon, hydrogen or oxygen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
Abstract
The application relates to a composite non-stick coating, a preparation method thereof and a cooking utensil, wherein the composite non-stick coating comprises a non-stick coating and a filler, the filler comprises high-entropy ceramic powder, and the high-entropy ceramic powder comprises at least one of composite metal oxide, composite metal nitride, composite metal carbide, composite metal boride and composite metal silicide; the metal elements in the high-entropy ceramic powder include at least four of Mg, al, sc, ti, V, cr, mn, fe, co, ni, cu, zn, zr, nb, mo, sn, hf, ta, W or Pb. According to the composite non-stick coating, the preparation method thereof and the cooking utensil, as the high-entropy ceramic powder is added into the existing non-stick coating, the raised high-entropy ceramic powder has high hardness and good wear resistance, so that the coating at the concave part can be effectively prevented from being damaged, the composite non-stick coating and the lasting non-stick property of the composite non-stick coating are effectively improved, and the service life of the cooking utensil is further prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of coatings, in particular to a composite non-stick coating, a preparation method thereof and a cooking utensil.
Background
The existing non-stick cookware is generally prepared by coating a composite non-stick coating on the surface of a base material, wherein the common composite non-stick coating comprises a fluorine-containing coating, a ceramic coating and the like, and in the prior art, the fluorine-containing coating has the defects of wear resistance, scratch damage easiness, high temperature resistance and aging discoloration easiness, the non-stick service life is not more than 1 year, the existing DuPont coating is added with silicon carbide powder, the wear resistance of the composite non-stick coating is improved, the non-stick service life of the coating is prolonged by adding silicon carbide, but raised silicon carbide particles leak after being worn, the silicon carbide does not have non-stick property, and the whole non-stick property of the silicon carbide is reduced. The ceramic coating has a lower non-stick effect than the fluorine coating, has a lower lasting non-stick property, and is easy to fall off after being used for 3-6 months.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the application provides the composite non-stick coating, the preparation method thereof and the cooking utensil, which can effectively improve the lasting non-stick property of the cooking utensil and prolong the service life of the cooking utensil.
In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a composite non-stick coating comprising a non-stick coating and a filler, the filler comprising a high entropy ceramic powder comprising at least one of a composite metal oxide, a composite metal nitride, a composite metal carbide, a composite metal boride, a composite metal silicide; the metal elements in the high-entropy ceramic powder include at least four of Mg, al, sc, ti, V, cr, mn, fe, co, ni, cu, zn, zr, nb, mo, sn, hf, ta, W or Pb.
In the scheme, the composite non-stick coating comprises the high-entropy ceramic powder, the radiuses of the constituent elements in the high-entropy ceramic powder are different, the atoms of the elements occupy the lattice positions with equal opportunity, distortion occurs, the dislocation movement resistance is increased by the lattice distortion, the strength and the hardness are obviously increased, and the elements interact with each other, so that the high-entropy composite material has a composite effect in the composite non-stick coating, and the wear resistance of the composite non-stick coating is further improved.
With reference to the first aspect, in one possible embodiment, the composite non-stick coating comprises at least one of the following features a to c:
a. the mol content of each metal element in the high-entropy ceramic powder is 5% -35%;
b. the average grain diameter of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 300-2000 meshes;
c. the average grain diameter of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 500-1500 meshes.
In the scheme, the molar content of each element is controlled to be 5-35%, so that the multi-principal element characteristic of the alloy is ensured, and the disorder degree of the alloy structure can be improved. The average grain diameter of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 300-2000 meshes, and in the range, the material flows well in the preparation process, the construction is convenient, and the preferable scheme is 500-1500 meshes, so that the surface of the coating prepared by the coating is smooth and dispersed uniformly.
With reference to the first aspect, in a possible embodiment, the non-stick coating includes a fluorine-containing coating or a ceramic coating.
In the scheme, the high-entropy ceramic powder can be added into the fluorine-containing paint or the ceramic paint, so that the applicability is high, and the non-stick performance of the fluorine-containing paint can be improved.
With reference to the first aspect, in one possible embodiment, the composite non-stick coating comprises at least one of the following features a to b:
a. when the non-stick coating is a fluorine-containing coating, the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 1% -20% of the total mass of the composite non-stick coating;
b. when the non-stick coating is ceramic coating, the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 8-20% of the total mass of the composite non-stick coating.
In the technical scheme, the ratio of the high-entropy ceramic powder in the composite non-stick coating is controlled, so that the composite non-stick coating has high strength, high hardness and non-stick property, and can meet the heat resistance, weather resistance and self-cleaning functions of the composite non-stick coating; when the mass ratio of the high-entropy ceramic powder is too high, the film forming performance of the composite non-stick coating is affected, so that the coating becomes brittle and the binding force is reduced; when the mass ratio of the high-entropy ceramic powder is too low, the hardness, strength and corrosion resistance of the composite non-stick coating are greatly reduced, and the effect of prolonging the lasting non-stick service life is not achieved.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a composite non-stick coating, including the steps of:
and adding the high-entropy ceramic powder into the non-stick paint, and uniformly stirring and dispersing to obtain the composite non-stick paint.
In the scheme, the material of the composite non-stick coating comprises the high-entropy ceramic powder, the high-entropy ceramic powder can form solid solution with higher purity, the solid solution strengthening effect of the solid solution can obviously improve the strength and hardness of the composite non-stick coating, and the micro lattice distortion of the high-entropy ceramic powder can also improve the hardness and strength of the composite non-stick coating and can improve the non-stick property of the composite non-stick coating. Meanwhile, the ratio of the high-entropy ceramic powder in the composite non-stick coating is controlled, so that the composite non-stick coating has high strength, high hardness and non-stick property, and can meet the heat resistance, weather resistance and self-cleaning functions of the composite non-stick coating, and the film forming performance of the composite non-stick coating is affected due to the fact that the high-entropy ceramic powder content is too high, the coating becomes brittle, and the binding force is reduced; the high entropy ceramic powder content is too low to play a role in extending the long-lasting non-stick life.
With reference to the second aspect, in a possible embodiment, the non-stick coating is a fluorine-containing coating or a ceramic coating, wherein when a fluorine-containing coating is used, the high-entropy ceramic powder content is 1% to 20% of the total mass of the composite non-stick coating; when the ceramic coating is adopted, the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 8-20% of the total mass of the composite non-stick coating.
In the scheme, the ratio of the high-entropy ceramic powder in the composite non-stick coating is controlled simultaneously, so that the composite non-stick coating has high strength, high hardness and non-stick property, and can meet the heat resistance, weather resistance and self-cleaning functions of the composite non-stick coating, and the film forming performance of the composite non-stick coating is affected due to the fact that the high-entropy ceramic powder content is too high, the coating becomes brittle, and the binding force is reduced; the high entropy ceramic powder content is too low to play a role in extending the long-lasting non-stick life.
With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the method includes at least one of the following technical features a to b:
a. the average grain diameter of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 300-2000 meshes;
b. the average grain diameter of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 300-2000 meshes;
in the scheme, the average grain diameter of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 300-2000 meshes, and in the range, the material flows well in the preparation process, the construction is convenient, and the preferable scheme is 500-1500 meshes, so that the surface of a coating prepared by the paint is smooth and uniformly dispersed.
With reference to the second aspect, in a possible embodiment, the manner in which the high-entropy ceramic powder is added to the fluorine-containing paint includes two of:
a. Directly adding the high-entropy ceramic powder;
b. grinding and dispersing the high-entropy ceramic powder and the solvent into slurry, and adding the slurry, wherein the mass ratio of the high-entropy ceramic powder to the solvent is 1: (1.2-2.5).
In the technical scheme, the high-entropy ceramic powder is added into the fluorine-containing paint or the ceramic paint in a powder or slurry mode, the excellent performances of the powder and the slurry are combined, and when the high-entropy ceramic powder is added in a slurry mode, the solvent is the same as the solvent used by the fluorine-containing paint or the ceramic paint, so that the aim of avoiding the adverse effect on the paint caused by introducing a new solvent is achieved.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a cooking appliance, where the cooking appliance includes a pot body, a non-stick coating is provided on an inner surface of the pot body, and a material of the non-stick coating is a composite non-stick coating; the composite non-stick coating comprises a non-stick coating and a filler; wherein the filler comprises high-entropy ceramic powder, and the metal elements in the high-entropy ceramic powder comprise at least four of Mg, al, sc, ti, V, cr, mn, fe, co, ni, cu, zn, zr, nb, mo, sn, hf, ta, W or Pb.
In the scheme, the high-entropy ceramic powder is added into the composite non-stick coating, and the disorder of the microstructure of the material is increased due to different atomic radiuses in the high-entropy ceramic, so that dislocation in crystal lattice is restrained, lattice distortion is generated, the free energy is obviously reduced by the high entropy of the high-entropy ceramic, the high-entropy ceramic has lower surface energy, the non-stick effect can be enhanced, and the wear resistance of the composite non-stick coating can be further improved.
With reference to the third aspect, in a possible embodiment, the cooking appliance comprises at least one of the following features a to e:
a. the high-entropy ceramic powder comprises at least one of a composite metal oxide, a composite metal nitride, a composite metal carbide, a composite metal boride, and a composite metal silicide;
b. the mol content of each metal element in the high-entropy ceramic powder is 5% -35%;
c. the average grain diameter of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 300-2000 meshes;
d. the average grain diameter of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 500-1500 meshes;
e. the non-stick coating is any one of fluorine-containing coating and ceramic coating.
In the scheme, the high-entropy ceramic powder can form a solid solution with higher purity, the solid solution strengthening effect of the solid solution can obviously improve the strength and hardness of the composite non-stick coating, and the microscopic lattice distortion of the high-entropy ceramic powder can also improve the hardness and strength of the composite non-stick coating and can improve the corrosion resistance of the composite non-stick coating. In addition, the radiuses of the constituent elements in the high-entropy ceramic powder are different, and the element atoms occupy the lattice positions with the same opportunity, so that distortion occurs, the lattice distortion can increase dislocation movement resistance, the strength and the hardness are obviously increased, and the elements can interact with each other, so that the high-entropy composite material has a composite effect in the composite non-stick coating. The molar content of each element is controlled between 5% and 35%, so as to ensure the multi-principal element characteristic of the alloy and improve the disorder degree of the alloy structure. The high-entropy ceramic powder particles have insignificant abrasion resistance, and the cost is increased, and the high-entropy ceramic powder particles are too coarse, so that the surface of the coating is rough and the particles are easy to collapse. The addition of high entropy ceramic powder to fluorine-containing or ceramic coatings can extend the long-lasting non-stick properties of the coating.
With reference to the third aspect, in one possible embodiment, the non-stick coating comprising the fluorine-containing coating comprises at least one of the following features a to c:
a. the non-stick coating comprises a non-stick surface layer and a non-stick bottom layer;
b. the non-stick coating comprises a non-stick surface layer, a non-stick middle layer and a non-stick bottom layer;
c. the non-stick coating comprises a non-stick surface layer, a non-stick middle layer and a non-stick bottom layer, wherein the average grain size of the high-entropy ceramic powder in the composite non-stick coating for forming the non-stick bottom layer is larger than that of the high-entropy ceramic powder in the composite non-stick coating for forming the non-stick middle layer.
In the scheme, the non-stick coating of the fluorine-containing coating is a two-layer system or a three-layer system, and the bonding strength of the non-stick bottom layer and the pot body is improved and the non-stick durability of the non-stick surface layer is improved by adding high-entropy ceramic powder with different particle sizes into the non-stick bottom layer and the non-stick middle layer.
With reference to the third aspect, in one possible embodiment, the non-stick coating satisfies at least one of the following conditions a to d:
a. the average grain diameter of the high-entropy ceramic powder in the non-adhesive bottom layer is 500-800 meshes;
b. the average grain diameter of the high-entropy ceramic powder in the non-stick middle layer is 800-1500 meshes;
c. The content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 5% -15% of the total mass of the non-stick bottom layer;
d. the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 5-10% of the total mass of the non-stick surface layer.
In the scheme, the non-stick bottom layer mainly plays roles of wear resistance and corrosion resistance, the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 5% -15% of the total mass of the non-stick bottom layer, the composite non-stick coating can well give consideration to the performances of the fluorine-containing coating and the high-entropy ceramic powder, the film forming performance of the coating can be affected due to the fact that the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is too high, the adhesiveness is poor, and the effect of prolonging the lasting non-stick life cannot be achieved due to the fact that the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is too low. Because the nonstick bottom layer mainly plays a role in corrosion resistance and wear resistance, larger particles are required to be filled in the coating, namely, the granularity of the high-entropy ceramic powder is controlled to be 500-800 meshes, the nonstick effect cannot be exerted by the powder material with the too fine granularity being wrapped in the resin, and the overall appearance can be influenced by the powder material with the too coarse granularity.
The non-stick middle layer mainly plays roles of adjusting color and certain non-stick property, the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 5% -10% of the total mass of the non-stick middle layer, the composite non-stick coating can well give consideration to the performances of the fluorine-containing coating and the high-entropy ceramic powder, the high-entropy ceramic powder content is too high to influence the film forming performance of the coating, the adhesiveness is poor, and the high-entropy ceramic powder content is too low to play a role of prolonging the lasting non-stick life. Because the non-stick middle layer mainly plays roles in adjusting color and certain non-stick, the granularity of the high-entropy ceramic powder is controlled to be 800-1500 meshes.
With reference to the third aspect, in one possible embodiment, the non-stick coating satisfies at least one of the following conditions a to c:
a. the thickness of the non-stick coating is 30-50 um;
b. the thickness of the non-adhesive bottom layer is 20-25 um;
c. the thickness of the non-adhesive middle layer is 10-15 um.
In the scheme, the thickness of the non-stick coating is too large, so that the cost is increased, and the binding force of the coating is reduced; the thickness of the non-stick coating layer is too small and the non-stick effect becomes poor. The bonding force between the whole non-stick composite layer and the pot body is improved by arranging a thinner non-stick bottom layer; by arranging the thicker non-stick surface layer, the non-stick durability and the wear resistance of the cooking utensil are improved.
With reference to the third aspect, in one possible embodiment, the non-stick coating containing the ceramic paint comprises at least one of the following features a to b:
a. the non-stick coating comprises a non-stick bottom layer;
b. the non-stick coating includes a non-stick top layer and a non-stick bottom layer.
In the scheme, the non-stick coating is a single-layer system or a two-layer system, and the bonding strength of the non-stick bottom layer and the pot body is improved and the non-stick durability of the non-stick middle layer is improved by adding high-entropy ceramic powder with different particle sizes into the non-stick bottom layer and/or the non-stick surface layer.
With reference to the third aspect, in one possible embodiment, the non-stick coating satisfies at least one of the following conditions a to d:
a. the average grain diameter of the high-entropy ceramic powder in the non-adhesive bottom layer is 500-600 meshes;
b. the average grain diameter of the high-entropy ceramic powder in the non-adhesive surface layer is 600-1000 meshes;
c. the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 10% -15% of the total mass of the non-stick bottom layer;
d. the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 3-8% of the total mass of the non-adhesive surface layer.
In the scheme, the non-stick bottom layer mainly plays roles of wear resistance, corrosion resistance and certain non-stick property, so that the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is controlled to be 10% -15% of the total mass of the non-stick bottom layer, the surface oil of the non-stick surface layer is thinner, the color is mainly regulated, certain non-stick property is achieved, the content of the non-stick surface layer is slightly smaller, the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is controlled to be 3% -8% of the total mass of the non-stick bottom layer, the parameters are controlled to be in a reasonable range, the composite non-stick coating can well achieve the properties of the existing coating and the high-entropy ceramic powder, the film forming property of the coating can be influenced, the coating becomes brittle, and the high-entropy ceramic powder content is too low to play a role in prolonging the lasting non-stick service life. Because the non-stick bottom layer mainly plays roles of corrosion resistance, wear resistance and certain non-stick property, larger particles are required to be filled in the coating, namely the granularity of the high-entropy ceramic powder is controlled to be 500-600 meshes, and the non-stick surface layer mainly plays roles of adjusting the color and certain non-stick property, so that the granularity of the high-entropy ceramic powder is required to be controlled to be smaller, the granularity is generally selected to be 600-1000 meshes, the powder material with the granularity of too small meshes is coated in the resin and cannot exert the non-stick property, and the powder material with the granularity of too large meshes can influence the overall appearance.
With reference to the third aspect, in one possible embodiment, the non-stick coating satisfies at least one of the following conditions a to c:
a. the thickness of the non-stick coating is 25-40 um;
b. the thickness of the non-adhesive bottom layer is 15-25 um;
c. the thickness of the non-adhesive surface layer is 10-15 um.
In the scheme, the thickness of the non-stick coating is too large, so that the cost is increased, and the binding force of the coating is reduced; the thickness of the non-stick coating layer is too small and the non-stick effect becomes poor.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has at least the following technical effects:
according to the application, the high-entropy ceramic powder is added into other coating layers except the non-stick surface layer in the existing non-stick coating, so that the raised high-entropy ceramic powder material has good hardness and wear resistance, and can effectively prevent the coating at the concave part from being damaged.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in detail with reference to examples below for better understanding of the technical scheme of the present application. It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, but not all, embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely one relationship describing the association of the associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a composite non-stick coating comprising a non-stick coating and a filler, the filler comprising a high entropy ceramic powder, the non-stick coating comprising a ceramic coating or a fluorine-containing coating, the high entropy ceramic powder comprising at least one of a composite metal oxide, a composite metal nitride, a composite metal carbide, a composite metal boride, a composite metal silicide; the metal elements in the high-entropy ceramic powder include at least four of Mg, al, sc, ti, V, cr, mn, fe, co, ni, cu, zn, zr, nb, mo, sn, hf, ta, W or Pb.
In the above scheme, the composite non-stick coating comprises fluorine-containing coating or ceramic coating, and the fluorine-containing coating can be polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, ammonium perfluorooctanoate PFOA, copolymer PFA of perfluoropropyl perfluorovinyl ether and polytetrafluoroethylene, copolymer of perfluoroethylene propylene, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer ETFE, etc. The ceramic coating may be, for example, polymethylsiloxane, nanosilicon dioxide, or the like.
The composite metal oxide may specifically be (TiFeCoNi) O, (AlFeCoNi) O, (MgCoNiCuZn) O, (AlCrTaTiZr) O, (AlCoCrCuFeNi) O, or the like; the composite metal nitride may specifically be (AlCoCrCuFeMnNi) N, (AlCrTaTiZr) N, (AlCrSiTiV) N, (AlCoCrCuFeNi) N, or the like; the composite metal carbide may specifically be (TiZrNbTaMo) C, (TiZrNbTaW) C, (ZrNbTa) C, (HfTaZrTi) C, or the like; the complex metal boride may be (HfTaTiVZr) B 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The composite metal silicide can be (AlCrNiTiFe) Si, (MoNbTaTiW) Si and the like; and are not limited herein. The high-entropy ceramic has a lattice distortion effect due to the difference of atomic radiuses of different elements, so that the degree of disorder of an alloy microstructure is higher, and the amorphous trend is generated, so that the high-entropy ceramic has lower surface energy compared with a common material, and the non-sticky effect is generated. In addition, the high-entropy ceramic powder has different radii of atoms of each component element, and each element atom occupies each lattice position with equal opportunity, so that distortion and lattice occurs The distortion can increase dislocation movement resistance, obviously increase strength and hardness, and the elements can interact with each other, so that the high-entropy composite material presents a composite effect in the composite non-stick coating, and the non-stick property of the composite non-stick coating is further improved.
Optionally, the preparation method of the high-entropy ceramic powder comprises the following steps: the composite metal oxide can be prepared by any one of a solid phase reaction method, a spray pyrolysis method, a flame pyrolysis method, a coprecipitation method or a solution combustion synthesis method; the composite metal carbide, composite metal nitride, composite metal boride and composite metal silicide may be prepared by any one of spark plasma sintering, carbothermic reduction or self-sustaining reaction.
Specifically, taking a solid phase reaction method as an example to prepare the high-entropy ceramic powder of the composite metal oxide, the specific preparation method is as follows:
step a, according to the metal mole ratio of 1:1:1:1 or 1:1:1:1:1, respectively weighing 4 or 5 required metal oxide powders according to the proportion;
b, mixing and ball milling the weighed metal oxide powder in the step a in a reverse way, wherein planetary ball milling can be adopted, the rotating speed of the ball mill is 50-80 r/min, and the ball milling time is 10-50 h;
And c, placing the powder subjected to ball milling in the step b into a muffle furnace for sintering, wherein the sintering atmosphere is air atmosphere, the heating rate is 2-5 ℃/min, the temperature is increased to 1500 ℃, the temperature is kept for 15-20 h, and the quenching, crushing and screening are taken out to obtain the high-entropy ceramic powder.
Specifically, taking a spark plasma sintering method as an example, other types of high-entropy ceramic powder are prepared, and the specific preparation method is as follows:
step a, according to the metal atom mole ratio of 1:1:1:1 or 1:1:1:1:1, respectively weighing 4 or 5 metal carbide, nitride, boride and silicide powders required by the mixture, and then fully mixing the powder on a powder mixer;
b, pouring the slurry mixed in the step a into a ball milling tank, and adding alcohol and milling balls into the ball milling tank for ball milling;
c, placing the slurry subjected to ball milling in a drying oven for drying, and sieving the dried powder;
and d, pouring the powder sieved in the step c into a die, and then placing the die into an SPS sintering furnace for SPS sintering, wherein the sintering pressure in the first stage is 15-25 MPa, the sintering temperature is 1550-1580 ℃, the sintering pressure in the second stage is 85-90 MPa, the sintering temperature is 1700-1730 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2-4 h, the whole-course heating rate is 100-125 ℃/min, and the pressure rising rate is 60-80 MPa/min.
And e, quenching, crushing and screening the powder obtained in the step d to obtain the high-entropy ceramic powder.
As an alternative scheme of the application, the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 1-20% of the total mass of the composite non-stick coating.
In the scheme, the mass ratio of the high-entropy ceramic powder in the composite non-stick coating is controlled, so that the composite non-stick coating has high strength, high hardness and non-stick property, and can meet the heat resistance, weather resistance and self-cleaning functions of the composite non-stick coating; specifically, the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder can be 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 9%, 11%, 15%, 18%, 20% of the total mass of the composite non-stick coating, and the like, without limitation, when the mass ratio of the high-entropy ceramic powder is too high, the film forming performance of the composite non-stick coating is affected, so that the coating becomes brittle and the binding force is reduced; when the mass ratio of the high-entropy ceramic powder is too low, the hardness, strength and corrosion resistance of the composite non-stick coating are greatly reduced, and the effect of prolonging the lasting non-stick service life is not achieved.
As an optional technical scheme of the application, the molar content of each metal element in the high-entropy ceramic powder is 5% -35%; the average grain diameter of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 300-2000 meshes; the average grain diameter of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 500-1500 meshes.
In the above scheme, the molar content of each element is controlled to be between 5% and 35% so as to ensure the multi-principal element characteristic of the alloy, and the disorder degree of the alloy structure can be improved, and it can be understood that the mass proportion of the added high-entropy ceramic powder is lower than 5%, the abrasion resistance is not obvious, the mass proportion of the added high-entropy ceramic powder is higher than 35%, the influence on the composite non-stick coating system is large, the bonding strength of the coating is reduced, the atomic radiuses of each component element in the high-entropy ceramic powder are different, each element atom occupies each lattice position with the same opportunity, the distortion occurs, the lattice distortion can increase the dislocation movement resistance, the strength and the hardness are obviously increased, and the elements can interact, so that the high-entropy composite material has a composite effect in the composite non-stick coating, and the average particle size of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 300-2000 meshes, specifically 300-400-mesh, 500-mesh, 600-mesh, 700-mesh, 800-mesh, 900-mesh, 1000-mesh, 1100-mesh, 1200-mesh, 1800-mesh, 1500-mesh, 1600-mesh, 1700-mesh, 1900-mesh and the like. In the range, the material flows well in the preparation process, the construction is convenient, and the preferable scheme is 500-1500 meshes, so that the surface of the coating prepared by the coating is smooth and dispersed uniformly.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a composite non-stick coating, including the steps of:
the mass ratio is 1: (1.2-2.5) adding high-entropy ceramic powder into fluorine-containing paint or ceramic paint, stirring and dispersing uniformly to obtain composite non-stick paint, and coating the composite non-stick paint on the outer surface of a pot body to obtain the composite non-stick paint, wherein when the fluorine-containing paint is adopted, the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 1-20% of the total mass of the composite non-stick paint; when the ceramic coating is adopted, the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 8-20% of the total mass of the composite non-stick coating.
In the technical scheme, the fluorine-containing paint used for coating the pot body generally comprises a non-stick bottom layer and a non-stick surface layer, and the non-stick bottom layer can be added according to the requirement, so that the high-entropy ceramic powder is added into the fluorine-containing paint in two modes, and the high-entropy ceramic powder is directly added into the fluorine-containing paint; the other is that the high-entropy ceramic powder and the solvent are ground and dispersed into slurry and then added into the fluorine-containing paint, the solvent is consistent with the fluorine-containing paint solvent, and deionized water is generally selected, so that the adverse effect on the fluorine-containing paint caused by introducing a new solvent is avoided. The fluorine-containing paint is a common commercial fluorine-containing paint formula and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-50 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene resin or derivative resin, 1-5 parts of pigment, 1-10 parts of filler, 0-10 parts of binder, 1-10 parts of auxiliary agent and 10-30 parts of solvent, wherein the auxiliary agent comprises dispersing agent, emulsifying agent, stabilizing agent, defoaming agent, wetting agent and the like. The non-stick bottom layer, the non-stick middle layer and the non-stick surface layer of the fluorine-containing coating are selected according to different functions.
In the technical scheme, the ceramic coating used for coating the pot body generally comprises a non-stick bottom layer, and a non-stick surface layer can be added according to the requirement, so that the high-entropy ceramic powder is added into the ceramic coating in two modes, namely, the high-entropy ceramic powder is directly added into the ceramic coating; the other is that the high-entropy ceramic powder and the solvent are ground and dispersed into slurry and then added into the ceramic paint, the solvent is consistent with the ceramic paint solvent, and alcohol solvents are generally selected, specifically, isopropanol can be adopted, so that the aim of avoiding the adverse effect on the fluorine-containing paint caused by introducing new solvents is achieved.
The ceramic coating is a common commercial coating formula and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-65% of component A, 20-40% of component B, 45-100% of silica sol, 10-20% of pigment, 10-20% of filler and 1-2% of auxiliary agent; the component B comprises 10 to 20 parts of silane, 1 to 2 parts of catalyst (including formic acid, acetic acid and the like), 2 to 5 parts of auxiliary agent, 1 to 10 parts of solvent and the balance of isopropanol, wherein the auxiliary agent comprises dispersing agent, emulsifying agent, stabilizing agent, defoaming agent, wetting agent and the like. The non-adhesive bottom layer and the non-adhesive surface layer are selected according to different functions.
As an alternative technical scheme of the application, the average grain size of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 300-2000 meshes, preferably 500-1500 meshes.
The average grain diameter of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 300-2000 meshes, in the range, the material flows well in the preparation process, the construction is convenient, and the preferable scheme is 500-1500 meshes, so that the surface of a coating prepared by the coating is smooth and uniformly dispersed.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a cooking appliance, where the cooking appliance includes a pot body, a non-stick coating is provided on an inner surface of the pot body, and a material of the non-stick coating is a composite non-stick coating; the composite non-stick coating comprises a non-stick coating and a filler; wherein the filler comprises high-entropy ceramic powder, and the metal elements in the high-entropy ceramic powder comprise at least four of Mg, al, sc, ti, V, cr, mn, fe, co, ni, cu, zn, zr, nb, mo, sn, hf, ta, W or Pb.
In the scheme, the high-entropy ceramic powder is added into the non-stick coating of the cooking utensil, and the disorder of the microstructure of the material is increased due to different atomic radiuses in the high-entropy ceramic, so that dislocation in the crystal lattice is restrained, lattice distortion is generated, the free energy is obviously reduced by the high entropy of the high-entropy ceramic, the high-entropy ceramic has lower surface energy, the non-stick effect can be enhanced, and the wear resistance of the cooking utensil can be further improved.
In an alternative embodiment, the high entropy ceramic powder includes at least one of a composite metal oxide, a composite metal nitride, a composite metal carbide, a composite metal boride, and a composite metal silicide; the mol content of each metal element in the high-entropy ceramic powder is 5% -35%; the average grain diameter of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 300-2000 meshes, and the average grain diameter of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 500-1500 meshes.
In the scheme, the high-entropy ceramic powder can form a solid solution with higher purity, the solid solution strengthening effect of the solid solution can obviously improve the strength and hardness of the composite non-stick coating, and the microscopic lattice distortion of the high-entropy ceramic powder can also improve the hardness and strength of the composite non-stick coating and can improve the corrosion resistance of the composite non-stick coating. In addition, the radiuses of the constituent elements in the high-entropy ceramic powder are different, and the element atoms occupy the lattice positions with the same opportunity, so that distortion occurs, the lattice distortion can increase dislocation movement resistance, the strength and the hardness are obviously increased, and the elements can interact with each other, so that the high-entropy composite material has a composite effect in the composite non-stick coating. The molar content of each element is controlled between 5% and 35%, so as to ensure the multi-principal element characteristic of the alloy and improve the disorder degree of the alloy structure. The high-entropy ceramic powder particles have insignificant abrasion resistance, and the cost is increased, and the high-entropy ceramic powder particles are too coarse, so that the surface of the coating is rough and the particles are easy to collapse. The selection of high entropy ceramic powders will extend the long-lasting non-stick properties of the composite non-stick coating. The high-entropy ceramic powder has an average particle size of 300-2000 meshes, specifically, the average particle size can be 300-400 meshes, 500-600 meshes, 700-800 meshes, 900-1000 meshes, 1100-1200 meshes, 1300-1400 meshes, 1500-1600 meshes, 1700-1800 meshes, 1900-2000 meshes, etc., and in the range, the material flows well in the preparation process, the construction is convenient, and the preferable scheme is 500-1500 meshes, so that the surface of the coating prepared by the paint is smooth and the dispersion is uniform.
In an alternative, when the fluorine-containing paint is selected, the high-entropy ceramic powder content is 1% to 20% of the total mass of the composite non-stick paint, specifically, the high-entropy ceramic powder content may be 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 1%8, 19%, 20% of the total mass of the composite non-stick paint, and the like, without limitation.
When the fluorine-containing coating is selected, the non-stick coating comprises a non-stick surface layer and a non-stick bottom layer, a non-stick middle layer can be added according to the requirement, the average grain diameter of high-entropy ceramic powder in the composite non-stick coating for forming the non-stick bottom layer is larger than that of high-entropy ceramic powder in the composite non-stick coating for forming the non-stick middle layer, and the bonding strength of the non-stick bottom layer and a pot body is improved by adding high-entropy ceramic powder with different grain diameters into the non-stick bottom layer and the non-stick middle layer, and the non-stick durability and the wear resistance of the non-stick surface layer are improved.
Since the non-stick primer layer mainly plays a role of corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance, larger particles are required to be filled in the coating layer, that is, the particle size of the high-entropy ceramic powder is controlled to be 500-800 meshes, specifically, 500-mesh, 600-mesh, 700-mesh, 800-mesh and the like, and the method is not limited. Powder materials with too fine particle size are packed in resin and cannot exert the non-stick effect, and powder materials with too coarse particle size can influence the overall appearance. The content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 5% -15% of the total mass of the non-adhesive bottom layer, specifically, the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder can be 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15% of the total mass of the non-adhesive bottom layer, and the like, and the content is not limited herein. In the range, the composite non-stick coating can well give consideration to the excellent performances of the fluorine-containing coating and the high-entropy ceramic powder, if the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is too high, the film forming performance of the coating can be affected, the adhesion is poor, and if the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is too low, the effect of prolonging the lasting non-stick life can not be achieved.
The average particle size of the high-entropy ceramic powder in the non-stick middle layer is 800-1500 mesh, and the non-stick middle layer mainly plays a role of adjusting color and certain non-stick, and needs toner with smaller particle size to be filled, so that the particle size of the high-entropy ceramic powder is controlled to be 800-1500 mesh, specifically, the particle size of the high-entropy ceramic powder can be 800-900 mesh, 1000-mesh, 1100-mesh, 1200-mesh, 1300-mesh, 1400-mesh, 1500-mesh and the like, and the application is not limited herein. The content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 5% -10% of the total mass of the non-stick middle layer, the non-stick middle layer mainly plays a role in regulating color and certain non-stick, the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 5% -10% of the total mass of the non-stick middle layer, the composite non-stick coating can well give consideration to the performances of the fluorine-containing coating and the high-entropy ceramic powder, and specifically, the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder can be 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10% and the like of the total mass of the non-stick middle layer, and the high-entropy ceramic powder is not limited herein. If the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is too high, the film forming property of the coating is affected, the adhesiveness is poor, and if the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is too low, the effect of prolonging the lasting non-stick life is not achieved.
As an optional technical scheme of the application, the thickness of the non-stick coating is 30-50 um, and the thickness of the non-stick bottom layer is 20-25 um; the thickness of the non-adhesive middle layer is 10-15 um.
The thickness of the non-stick coating can be 30um, 31um, 32um, 33um, 34um, 35um, 36um, 37um, 38um, 39um, 40um, 41um, 42um, 43um, 44um, 45um, 46um, 47um, 48um, 49um, 50um, etc., and is not particularly limited, the thickness of the non-stick coating is too large, the cost is increased, and the binding force of the coating is reduced; the thickness of the non-stick coating layer is too small and the non-stick effect becomes poor. The thickness of the non-adhesive bottom layer can be 20um, 21um, 22um, 23um, 24um, 25um and the like, and is not particularly limited, and the binding force of the whole non-adhesive composite layer and the pot body is improved by arranging a thinner non-adhesive bottom layer; the thickness of the non-stick middle layer can be 10um, 11um, 12um, 13um, 14um, 15um and the like, and the non-stick durability and the wear resistance of the cooking utensil are improved by arranging the thicker non-stick middle layer.
In an alternative scheme, when the ceramic coating is selected, the high-entropy ceramic powder content is 8% -20% of the total mass of the composite non-stick coating, specifically, the high-entropy ceramic powder content may be 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 1%8, 19%, 20% of the total mass of the composite non-stick coating, and the like, without limitation.
When the ceramic coating is selected, the non-stick coating comprises a non-stick bottom layer and a non-stick middle layer, and the bonding strength of the non-stick bottom layer and a pot body is improved and the non-stick durability and the wear resistance of the non-stick surface layer are improved by adding high-entropy ceramic powder with different particle sizes into the non-stick bottom layer and the non-stick middle layer.
Since the non-stick primer layer mainly plays a role of corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance, larger particles are required to be filled in the coating layer, that is, the particle size of the high-entropy ceramic powder is controlled to be 500-600 mesh, specifically, 500-mesh, 600-mesh and the like, and the method is not limited. Powder materials with too fine particle size are packed in resin and cannot exert the non-stick effect, and powder materials with too coarse particle size can influence the overall appearance. The content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 5% -15% of the total mass of the non-stick bottom layer; specifically, the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder may be 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15% and the like of the total mass of the non-stick base layer, without limitation. In the range, the composite non-stick coating can well give consideration to the excellent properties of the fluorine-containing coating and the high-entropy ceramic powder.
The average particle size of the high-entropy ceramic powder in the non-stick bottom layer is 600 mesh to 100 mesh, and the particle size of the high-entropy ceramic powder is controlled to be 600 mesh to 1000 mesh, specifically, the particle size of the high-entropy ceramic powder can be 600 mesh, 700 mesh, 800 mesh, 900 mesh, 1000 mesh and the like, but the invention is not limited thereto, because the non-stick bottom middle layer mainly plays a role in adjusting color and certain non-stick property, and needs toner with smaller particle size to be filled. The non-stick layer mainly plays a role in adjusting color and certain non-stick property, the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is controlled to be 3% -8% of the total mass of the non-stick layer, the composite non-stick coating can be enabled to be good in consideration of the performances of the fluorine-containing coating and the high-entropy ceramic powder, and specifically, the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder can be 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8% of the total mass of the non-stick layer, and the like, and the non-stick layer is not limited. If the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is too high, the film forming property of the coating is affected, the adhesiveness is poor, and if the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is too low, the effect of prolonging the lasting non-stick life is not achieved.
As an optional technical scheme of the application, the thickness of the non-stick coating is 25-40 um, and the thickness of the non-stick bottom layer is 15-25 um; the thickness of the non-adhesive surface layer is 10-15 um.
The thickness of the non-stick coating can be 25um, 26um, 27um, 28um, 29um, 30um, 31um, 32um, 33um, 34um, 35um, 36um, 37um, 38um, 39um, 40um and the like, and the thickness of the non-stick coating is too large, so that the cost is increased, and the binding force of the coating is reduced; the thickness of the non-stick coating layer is too small and the non-stick effect becomes poor. The thickness of the non-adhesive bottom layer can be 15um, 16um, 17um, 18um, 19um, 20um, 21um, 22um, 23um, 24um, 25um and the like, and the bonding force between the whole non-adhesive composite layer and the pot body is improved by arranging a thinner non-adhesive bottom layer; the thickness of the non-stick surface layer can be 10um, 11um, 12um, 13um, 14um, 15um and the like, and the non-stick durability and the wear resistance of the cooking utensil are improved by arranging the thicker non-stick surface layer.
The following examples are provided to further illustrate embodiments of the application. The embodiments of the present application are not limited to the following specific embodiments. The modification can be appropriately performed within the scope of the main claim.
Example 1
Adding (MgCoNiCuZn) O into the fluorine paint, stirring and dispersing uniformly to obtain the composite non-stick paint, wherein the weight percentage of (MgCoNiCuZn) O in the composite non-stick paint is 10%, and the obtained composite non-stick paint is sprayed in a pot body by adopting an air spraying process to form a non-stick coating, and drying treatment is carried out.
Examples 2 to 4
Unlike example 1, the high entropy ceramics of example 2, example 3, example 4 are 1%, 15% and 20% by weight in the composite non-stick coating in this order.
Examples 5 to 6
Unlike example 1, the high-entropy ceramic material of example 5 was (TiZrNbTaW) C, and the high-entropy ceramic material of example 6 was (AlCrSiTiV) N.
Examples 7 to 8
Unlike example 5, the weight percentages of (TiZrNbTaW) C of examples 7 and 8 in the composite non-stick coating were 3.5% and 12.6% in this order.
Examples 9 to 10
Unlike example 6, the weight percent of (AlCrSiTiV) N in the composite non-stick coating of example 9, example 10 was 4.6% and 11.8% in that order.
Example 11
The cooking appliance comprises an appliance body, wherein a non-stick layer is arranged on the surface of the appliance body, the non-stick layer comprises a first coating and a second coating, and the first coating comprises fluorine paint primer and (MgCoNiCuZn) O; the second coating comprises oil and (MgCoNiCuZn) O in the fluorine coating; the appliance body further includes a top coating layer disposed on the non-stick layer, the weight content of (MgCoNiCuZn) O in the first and second coating layers being shown in table 1 below, respectively.
Examples 12 to 19
Unlike example 11, the weight content of the high-entropy ceramics in the first coating layer and the second coating layer in examples 12 to 19 is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 addition amount of high entropy ceramics in examples 11 to 19
Comparative example 1
Unlike example 1, the paint of this comparative example does not contain a high-entropy ceramic.
Comparative example 2
Unlike example 11, the first coating layer and the second coating layer of this comparative example each did not contain a high-entropy ceramic.
Comparative example 3
Unlike example 1, the coating of this comparative example has a high entropy ceramic content of 22% by weight.
Performance test 1:
the coatings of examples 1 to 19 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were tested for durable non-stick properties applied to non-stick pans, respectively, using a flat abrasion-resistant non-stick test method, and the test results are shown in table 2.
Specific test methods are shown below.
The test flow is as follows: placing the test sample on an abrasion resistance tester, respectively, setting the frequency on 33 times/min, pressing 15N, adopting a scouring pad (3M 7447B) with the length of 70+/-5 mm and the width of 30+/-5 mm, changing the scouring pad every 500 times for 100mm of back-and-forth movement distance, performing non-tackiness evaluation on the fried eggs, continuously cycling the non-tackiness grade of the fried eggs to III grade, ending the test, and recording the test times.
Three samples were taken for each example and comparative example, respectively, and tested.
Table 2 results of planar abrasion resistance and non-stick tests for examples 1 to 19 and comparative examples 1 to 3
As can be seen from table 2: examples 1 to 4, examples 5,7 to 8, examples 6, 9 to 10, and comparative example 1, as the content of the high-entropy ceramic in the composite non-stick coating increases, the number of abrasion resistance in the plane of the non-stick coating prepared increases, and the number of abrasion resistance is far greater than that of the non-stick coating prepared without the high-entropy ceramic in comparative example 1. From examples 11 to 19 and comparative example 2, it is clear that: the high-entropy ceramic is added into the medium oil and the base oil, the content is controlled within the range defined by the application, the plane abrasion resistance is far higher than that of comparative example 2, if the content of the high-entropy ceramic is larger than the content range defined by the application, the coating strength is reduced, and the conditions of poor adhesion fastness and scratch resistance test of partial samples occur, because a certain content of high-entropy alloy powder can form more solid solutions, the solid solution strengthening effect of the solid solutions can improve the strength and hardness of the composite non-stick coating, and further the abrasion resistance of the non-stick coating is improved.
Performance test 2:
the non-stick properties of the coatings of examples 1 to 19 and comparative examples 1 to 3 applied to non-stick pans were respectively tested, and the non-stick life was evaluated by an accelerated simulation test method, and the test results are shown in table 3.
The specific test method is as follows:
and (3) evaluating the non-stick life by referring to a non-stick frying pan acceleration simulation test program, wherein the test flow is as follows:
a: stir-frying quartz stone (iron shovel) → B: vibration wear resistance test→c: steel wire wear resistance test→d: dry-firing the mixed sauce material → E: boiling brine → F: the omelet was evaluated for non-stick grade, and the above 5 test steps were completed and one non-stick grade was evaluated, marking the end of one cycle.
When the acceleration simulation test is performed, the non-sticking life is determined after each cycle is completed. Endpoint determination occurs as one of the following:
(1) Tack-free decrease: the non-sticking grade of the fried eggs is III grade continuously in two cycles;
(2) Appearance failure:
the coating layer has fuzzing phenomenon;
the diameter of the falling area of the coating is more than 3mm;
abrasion significantly exposes the substrate;
the coating has more than 3 penetrating scratches (exposing the substrate);
dirt which cannot be washed off by the wet rag appears;
the number of simulated test cycles at the end point of the test is recorded to be the non-stick life of the product, and the more the number of cycles is, the longer the non-stick life of the coating is.
Three samples were taken for each example and comparative example, respectively, and tested.
TABLE 3 results of accelerated simulation tests for examples 1-19 and comparative examples 1-3
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As can be seen from table 3: as can be seen by comparing example 2 with comparative example 1: when the addition content of the high-entropy ceramic is small, the non-sticking service life of the high-entropy ceramic is slightly prolonged compared with that of a non-sticking service life of a non-high-entropy ceramic material; with the increase of the high-entropy ceramic content, the non-stick life is multiplied, and when the high-entropy ceramic material is added into both the oil layer and the bottom oil layer in the non-stick coating, the performance is more excellent, and the non-stick life is longer.
Example 20
A composite non-stick paint comprises ceramic paint and (MgCoNiCuZn) O, wherein the weight content of (MgCoNiCuZn) O is 9%.
Examples 21 to 23
Unlike example 20, the high entropy ceramic powder in examples 21, 22, and 23 was 1%, 15% and 20% by weight in the composite non-stick coating in this order.
Examples 24 to 25
Unlike example 20, the high-entropy ceramic powder in example 24 was (TiZrNbTaW) C, and the high-entropy ceramic powder in example 25 was (AlCrSiTiV) N.
Examples 26 to 27
Unlike example 24, the weight percentage of (TiZrNbTaW) C in the composite non-stick coating was 3.5% and 12.6% in examples 26 and 27, respectively.
Examples 28 to 29
Unlike example 25, the weight percent of (AlCrSiTiV) N in the composite non-stick coating in examples 28, 29 was 4.6% and 11.8% in that order.
Example 30
A cooking utensil comprises a utensil body and a non-stick layer arranged on the utensil body, wherein the non-stick layer comprises a first coating and a second coating. The first coating is a primer oil comprising (MgCoNiCuZn) O and a ceramic coating, and the second coating is a primer oil comprising diatomite and a ceramic coating. The addition amounts of (MgCoNiCuZn) O in the first and second coatings are shown in table 4.
Examples 31 to 38
Unlike example 30, the weight content of the high-entropy ceramics in the first and second coatings in examples 30 to 38 is shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 types and addition amounts of high entropy ceramics in examples 30 to 38
Comparative example 4
Unlike example 38, the first coating layer of this comparative example was a ceramic primer, the second coating layer was an oil in a ceramic coating, and neither the first coating layer nor the second layer contained a high entropy ceramic.
Comparative example 5
Unlike example 38, the second coating of this comparative example was a ceramic coating oil, and the second coating did not contain a high entropy ceramic.
Comparative example 6
Unlike example 38, the first coating of this comparative example was a ceramic primer, and the first coating did not contain a high entropy ceramic.
Comparative example 7
Unlike example 38, the weight content of the high-entropy ceramic in each of the first and second coatings of this comparative example was 25%.
Performance test 3:
the non-stick properties of the coatings of examples 20 to 38 and comparative examples 4 to 7 applied to non-stick pans were respectively tested, and the non-stick life was evaluated by using an accelerated simulation test method, the test standard being a non-stick pan accelerated simulation test standard, and the test results are shown in table 5.
The specific test method is as follows: and (3) evaluating the non-stick life by referring to a non-stick frying pan acceleration simulation test program, wherein the test flow is as follows: a: shell vibration wear resistance test→b: boiling seafood → C: potato strips → D: sweet and sour spareribs → E: boiling soy sauce → F: fry hairtail → G: boiling detergent solution → H: and evaluating the non-stick grade, finishing the above 5 testing steps and evaluating the non-stick grade once, and marking the end of one cycle. When the acceleration simulation test is performed, the non-sticking life is determined after each cycle is completed.
Endpoint determination occurs as one of the following:
tack-free decrease:
the non-sticking grade of the fried eggs is III grade continuously in two cycles;
appearance failure:
the diameter of the falling area of the coating is more than 3mm;
abrasion obviously exposes the matrix;
the coating has more than 3 penetrating scratches (exposed matrix);
dirt which cannot be washed off by the wet rag appears;
The number of simulated test cycles at the end point of the test is recorded to be the non-stick life of the product, and the more the number of cycles is, the longer the non-stick life of the coating is.
Three samples were taken for each example and comparative example, respectively, and tested. Test results referring to table 5, (three data in the number of cycles and initial tack free rating in the accelerated simulation test are shown in turn for the test results for 3 samples).
Meanwhile, film forming properties of examples 20 to 38 and comparative examples 4 to 7 were tested, and film forming properties of non-tacky coatings were evaluated: the surface is smooth, the color, the hiding power and the gloss are basically uniform and consistent, no bubble, no crack and no drop exist, the film forming is judged to be qualified, otherwise, the film forming is judged to be unqualified, and the test result is shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 non-stick test results for examples 20-38 and comparative examples 4-7
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As can be seen from table 5: it is apparent from examples 20 to 38 and comparative examples 4 to 6 that: the non-stick life of the non-stick pan added with the high-entropy ceramic is longer than that of the non-stick pan without the high-entropy ceramic material, when the addition content of the high-entropy ceramic is small, the non-stick life of the non-stick pan is slightly improved compared with that of the non-stick pan without the high-entropy ceramic material, the non-stick life is increased in multiple along with the increase of the content of the high-entropy ceramic, and when the content of the high-entropy ceramic is too high, the coating strength of the non-stick pan is poor, and normal film formation cannot be performed.
Performance test 4:
the non-stick properties of the coatings of examples 20 to 38 and comparative examples 4 to 7 applied to non-stick pans were tested by a planar abrasion-resistant non-stick test method, the test standard being a non-stick pan acceleration simulation test standard, and the test results are shown in table 6.
The specific test method is as follows: placing the sample on an abrasion resistance tester, carrying out frequency 33 times/min and 15N pressure, adopting a scouring pad (3M 7447B) with the length of 70+/-5 mm and the width of 30+/-5 mm, changing the scouring pad once for 500 times and carrying out non-tackiness evaluation on the fried eggs, wherein the non-tackiness grade of the fried eggs is III grade continuously in two cycles, and recording the test times after the test.
Three samples were taken for each example and comparative example, respectively, and tested. The test results are shown in Table 6, (in the tables, three data in the number of cycles in the planar abrasion resistant tack free test and the initial tack free rating are shown in turn as test results for 3 samples).
TABLE 6 non-stick test results for examples 20-38 and comparative examples 4-7
As can be seen from table 6: examples 30 to 38 compared with comparative examples 4, 5 and 6, the non-stick pan added with the high-entropy ceramic had a far greater planar abrasion resistance than the non-stick pan without the high-entropy ceramic material, and if the high-entropy ceramic content was greater than the content range defined in the present application (comparative example 7), the coating strength was reduced, and the test of the adhesion fastness and scratch resistance of a part of the samples was failed.
The content of the high-entropy ceramic has great influence on wear resistance and non-stick durability, and the proper increase of the content of the high-entropy ceramic can enhance the wear resistance and prolong the non-stick life. However, the content of the high-entropy ceramic is not easy to be too large, and the film forming performance is affected, so that the bonding force between sample layers is reduced, and the coating strength is reduced.
From the above test data, it can be seen that the non-stick coating provided by the examples of the present application has better abrasion resistance and longer non-stick life as a whole than the non-stick coating of the comparative example.
Claims (33)
1. A composite non-stick coating, wherein the composite non-stick coating comprises a non-stick coating and a filler, the filler comprising a high entropy ceramic powder comprising at least one of a composite metal oxide, a composite metal nitride, a composite metal carbide, a composite metal boride, a composite metal silicide;
the metal elements in the high-entropy ceramic powder comprise at least four of Mg, al, sc, ti, V, cr, mn, fe, co, ni, cu, zn, zr, nb, mo, sn, hf, ta, W or Pb;
the non-stick coating comprises fluorine-containing coating or ceramic coating, and when the non-stick coating is the fluorine-containing coating, the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 1% -20% of the total mass of the composite non-stick coating; when the non-stick coating is a ceramic coating, the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 8% -20% of the total mass of the composite non-stick coating.
2. The composite non-stick coating of claim 1, wherein the molar content of each metal element in the high-entropy ceramic powder is 5% -35%.
3. The composite non-stick coating of claim 1, wherein the high entropy ceramic powder has an average particle size of 300 mesh to 2000 mesh.
4. The composite non-stick coating of claim 1, wherein the high entropy ceramic powder has an average particle size of 500 mesh to 1500 mesh.
5. A method for preparing the composite non-stick coating according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
and adding the high-entropy ceramic powder into the non-stick paint, and stirring and dispersing to obtain the composite non-stick paint.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the non-stick coating comprises a fluorine-containing coating or a ceramic coating, and when a fluorine-containing coating is used, the high-entropy ceramic powder content is 1% -20% of the total mass of the composite non-stick coating; when the ceramic coating is adopted, the content of the high-entropy ceramic powder is 8% -20% of the total mass of the composite non-stick coating.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the high-entropy ceramic powder has an average particle diameter of 300 to 2000 mesh.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the high-entropy ceramic powder has an average particle diameter of 500 to 1500 mesh.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein the high entropy ceramic powder is added to the non-stick coating in a manner comprising either:
a. directly adding the high-entropy ceramic powder;
b. grinding and dispersing the high-entropy ceramic powder and a solvent into slurry, and adding the slurry, wherein the mass ratio of the high-entropy ceramic powder to the solvent is 1: (1.2 to 2.5).
10. The cooking utensil is characterized by comprising a cooker body, wherein a non-stick coating is arranged on the inner surface of the cooker body, the non-stick coating is made of the composite non-stick coating according to any one of claims 1-4, the composite non-stick coating comprises the non-stick coating and a filler, the filler comprises high-entropy ceramic powder, and metal elements in the high-entropy ceramic powder comprise at least four of Mg, al, sc, ti, V, cr, mn, fe, co, ni, cu, zn, zr, nb, mo, sn, hf, ta, W or Pb.
11. The cooking appliance of claim 10, wherein the high entropy ceramic powder comprises at least one of a composite metal oxide, a composite metal nitride, a composite metal carbide, a composite metal boride, a composite metal silicide.
12. The cooking appliance according to claim 10, wherein the molar content of each metal element in the high-entropy ceramic powder is 5% -35%.
13. The cooking appliance of claim 10, wherein the high entropy ceramic powder has an average particle size of 300 mesh to 2000 mesh.
14. The cooking appliance of claim 10, wherein the high entropy ceramic powder has an average particle size of 500 mesh to 1500 mesh.
15. The cooking appliance of claim 10, wherein the non-stick coating comprises a fluorine-containing coating and the non-stick coating comprising the fluorine-containing coating comprises a non-stick top layer and a non-stick bottom layer.
16. The cooking appliance of claim 10, wherein the non-stick coating comprises a fluorine-containing coating and the non-stick coating comprising the fluorine-containing coating comprises a non-stick top layer, a non-stick middle layer, and a non-stick bottom layer.
17. The cooking appliance of claim 10, wherein the non-stick coating comprises a fluorine-containing coating, the non-stick coating comprising a non-stick top layer, a non-stick middle layer, and a non-stick bottom layer, the average particle size of the high entropy ceramic powder in the composite non-stick coating used to form the non-stick bottom layer being greater than the average particle size of the high entropy ceramic powder in the composite non-stick coating used to form the non-stick middle layer.
18. The cooking appliance of any one of claims 15 to 17, wherein the average particle size of the high-entropy ceramic powder in the non-stick substrate is 500 mesh to 800 mesh.
19. The cooking appliance according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the average particle diameter of the high-entropy ceramic powder in the non-stick middle layer is 800 mesh to 1500 mesh.
20. The cooking appliance according to any one of claims 15 to 17, wherein the high-entropy ceramic powder content is 5% -15% of the total mass of the non-stick bottom layer.
21. Cooking appliance according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the high entropy ceramic powder content is 5-10% of the total mass of the non-stick layer.
22. The cooking appliance of claim 10, wherein the non-stick coating has a thickness of 30-50 μιη.
23. The cooking appliance according to any one of claims 15 to 17, wherein the thickness of the non-stick bottom layer is 20 μm to 25 μm.
24. Cooking appliance according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the thickness of the non-stick layer is 10-15 μm.
25. The cooking appliance of claim 10, wherein the non-stick coating comprises a ceramic coating and the non-stick coating comprising the ceramic coating comprises a non-stick primer.
26. The cooking appliance of claim 10, wherein the non-stick coating comprises a ceramic coating and the non-stick coating comprising the ceramic coating comprises a non-stick top layer and a non-stick bottom layer.
27. The cooking appliance of claim 25 or 26, wherein the high entropy ceramic powder in the non-stick substrate has an average particle size of 500 mesh to 600 mesh.
28. The cooking appliance of claim 25, wherein the high entropy ceramic powder in the non-stick layer has an average particle size of 600 mesh to 1000 mesh.
29. Cooking appliance according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that the high entropy ceramic powder content is 10-15% of the total mass of the non-stick bottom layer.
30. The cooking appliance of claim 26, wherein the high entropy ceramic powder content is 3% -8% of the total mass of the non-stick finish.
31. Cooking appliance according to claim 10, characterized in that the non-stick coating has a thickness of 25-40 μm.
32. Cooking appliance according to claim 25 or 26, wherein the non-stick bottom layer has a thickness of 15-25 μm.
33. The cooking appliance of claim 26, wherein the non-stick facing has a thickness of 10-15 μιη.
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