CN114806227B - Composite non-stick material, cooking utensil containing composite non-stick material and preparation method of cooking utensil - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of non-stick materials, in particular to a composite non-stick material, a cooking utensil containing the composite non-stick material and a preparation method of the cooking utensil. The composite non-stick material comprises: non-stick coatings and hard materials; the hard material comprises first scale particles and second scale particles, wherein the particle size of the first scale particles is less than or equal to the particle size of the second scale particles; the first-scale particles are 20% or less by mass and the second-scale particles are 15% or less by mass, based on the mass of the composite non-stick material. The composite non-stick material has higher strength and wear resistance, can improve the lasting non-stick property of a non-stick layer of a cooking utensil, can enhance the wear resistance, and can alleviate the problems of non-wear resistance, easy scratch and breakage and the like of the existing non-stick coating.

Description

Composite non-stick material, cooking utensil containing composite non-stick material and preparation method of cooking utensil

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of non-stick materials, in particular to a composite non-stick material, a cooking utensil containing the composite non-stick material and a preparation method of the cooking utensil.

Background

In recent years, with the rapid development of economy and the continuous improvement of living standard of people, the requirements for non-stick appliances are higher and higher, and thus, the use performance of non-stick materials in the related art is in need of improvement.

In the prior non-stick technology, the non-stick material for the cooker generally comprises fluorine-containing paint, ceramic paint and organic silicon resin, and the fluorine-containing paint, the ceramic paint and the organic silicon resin are mainly coated on the inner surface of a pot body in a spraying mode to prepare the non-stick coating. Although the prior non-stick material has good initial non-stick effect, the prior non-stick material is difficult to play a long-term non-stick role; or, in the use process of the existing non-stick coating, the hardness is reduced rapidly at high temperature, and the phenomenon of 'back stick' is easy to occur. In addition, the existing non-stick coating with the surface thickness of tens of micrometers is easy to abrade, scratch and pollute in the use process, so that the non-stick is reduced until failure, and the service life is short.

Thus, there remains a need for improvements in existing non-stick materials for non-stick devices and non-stick devices to make the non-stick performance of the non-stick device more durable.

Disclosure of Invention

The application mainly aims to provide a composite non-stick material, a cooking utensil comprising the composite non-stick material and a preparation method thereof, which can improve the lasting non-stick property of the cooking utensil and can alleviate the defects of easy scratch and damage and short non-stick life of the non-stick cooking utensil in the prior art.

In order to achieve the aim of the application, the application adopts the following technical scheme:

according to a first aspect of the present application there is provided a composite non-stick material comprising:

non-stick coatings and hard materials;

the hard material comprises first scale particles and second scale particles, wherein the particle size of the first scale particles is less than or equal to the particle size of the second scale particles;

the first-scale particles are 20% or less by mass and the second-scale particles are 15% or less by mass, based on the mass of the composite non-stick material.

According to the composite non-stick material, on one hand, the non-stick coating in the composite non-stick material enables the composite non-stick material to have non-stick performance; and because the hard material has the characteristics of stable structure, high hardness and high mechanical strength, the stability, hardness and strength of the non-stick material are improved after the non-stick coating is added, namely, the hard materials with different granularity are added into the non-stick coating, a composite system similar to a concrete structure can be formed, the strength of the non-stick material can be increased, and the composite non-stick material has the characteristic of being hard and resistant to an iron shovel while being non-stick. On the other hand, the added hard material comprises first scale particles and second scale particles with different particle sizes, the second scale particles with larger particle sizes can serve as coarse aggregate for protecting, the first scale particles with smaller particle sizes can serve as fine aggregate for strengthening the coating, the non-stick coating can serve as a non-stick binder for solidifying the non-stick coating, the composite non-stick material system is further made to have a concrete-like structure, and the coating formed by the composite non-stick material has higher strength and surface hardness and has a certain iron-spade resistance effect while being non-stick.

For the composite non-stick material, the mass percentage of the first-scale particles is not higher than 20%, and the mass percentage of the second-scale particles is not higher than 15%, so that the effect of the protective coating or the reinforcing coating of the hard material particles of each scale can be fully exerted, the film forming property of the material can be improved, the compactness of the coating is suitable, and the influence on the film forming property or the non-stick property due to the introduction of too many hard material particles of different scales is avoided.

In one possible implementation, the first-scale particles have a particle size of 0.5 μm to 5 μm and the second-scale particles have a particle size of 5 μm to 30 μm.

The use of first and second size particles in the above particle size ranges helps to reduce costs and ensure the surface or service condition of the coating. If the hard material adopts powder particles smaller than 0.5 mu m, the powder preparation cost is increased, and the preparation process is complex; if the hard material adopts powder particles higher than 30 mu m, the roughness of the inner surface of the finally obtained device is larger, the integral non-sticking effect is affected, and the use experience of consumers is finally affected.

In one possible implementation, the first scale particles are 5% to 15% by mass and the second scale particles are 2% to 10% by mass, based on the mass of the composite non-stick material.

In the composite non-stick material, the content of the added hard material with each granularity is required to be in a proper range, if the content of the added hard material is too small, the effect of the protective coating or the strengthening coating is not obvious, and if the content of the added hard material is too large, the binding force of the non-stick coating is influenced, and the non-stick effect is influenced.

In one possible implementation, the hard material includes at least one of tungsten carbide, boron nitride, silicon carbide, titanium nitride, titanium diboride, titanium carbide, titanium oxide, titanium suboxide, and zirconium carbide.

In one possible implementation, the hard material is tungsten carbide. The tungsten carbide is adopted, so that the strength and hardness of the composite non-stick material can be improved, the non-stick material has the characteristics of being hard, resistant to iron spade and the like while being non-stick, and in addition, the tungsten carbide has the advantages of wide sources, easiness in obtaining and low cost.

In one possible implementation, the non-stick coating includes at least one of a ceramic coating, a fluorine-containing coating, and a silicone resin.

In one possible implementation, the non-stick coating is a ceramic coating.

In one possible implementation, the ceramic coating includes at least one of polymethylsiloxane and nanosilica.

According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a cooking appliance comprising:

an appliance body; and

a non-stick layer formed on a surface of the appliance body, the non-stick layer comprising a composite non-stick material as described above.

In one possible implementation, the cooking appliance satisfies at least one of the following features:

(a) The thickness of the non-adhesive layer is 50-100 mu m;

(b) The non-stick layer is formed by air spraying.

According to a third aspect of the present application, there is provided a preparation method of a cooking appliance, comprising the steps of:

providing an appliance body, and forming a non-adhesive layer on the surface of the appliance body;

wherein the non-stick layer is coated on the surface of the appliance body by air spraying, wherein the non-stick layer comprises the composite non-stick material.

In one possible implementation, the preparation method of the cooking appliance satisfies at least one of the following characteristics:

(c) The preparation method further comprises a step of pretreating the appliance body before forming a non-stick layer on the surface of the appliance body, wherein the pretreatment of the appliance body comprises the following steps: sequentially cleaning, sandblasting and preheating the appliance body, wherein the compressed air pressure of sandblasting is 0.1-0.2 MPa, and the preheating temperature is 40-50 ℃;

(d) The air spraying operation condition satisfies at least one of the following:

the spraying distance is 150 mm-170 mm;

the air pressure is 0.2 MPa-0.4 MPa;

the flow is 6L/min-10L/min;

(e) The preparation method further comprises the step of performing surface drying on the non-adhesive layer after air spraying, wherein the surface drying temperature is 85-100 ℃ and the time is 10-15 min;

(f) The thickness of the non-adhesive layer is 50-100 mu m.

The cooking utensil and the preparation method thereof provided by the application comprise the composite non-stick material, so that the cooking utensil has at least all the characteristics and advantages of the composite non-stick material, and the description is omitted herein.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of a cooking appliance according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a non-stick layer provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a temperature rise curve of sintering according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:

1-a cooking appliance;

10-an appliance body;

11-a non-stick layer;

111-non-stick coating;

112-a hard material;

1121-first-scale particles;

1122-second-scale particles.

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples of the present application, and it is apparent that the described examples are some, but not all, examples of the present application. Based on the technical solution provided by the application and the embodiments given, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the application. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer.

The endpoints and any values of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and are understood to encompass values approaching those ranges or values. For a range of values, one or more new ranges of values may be obtained by combining each other between the endpoints of each range, or between the individual points, and between the individual points.

It should be noted that, in this document, a list of items connected by the terms "at least one of," "at least one of," or other similar terms may mean any combination of the listed items. For example, if item A, B is listed, then the phrase "at least one of A, B" means only a; only B; or A and B.

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art and meet the needs of the existing market, the embodiment of the application provides a composite non-stick material with high non-stick life, a cooking utensil and a preparation method of the cooking utensil, so that the strength and hardness of the non-stick material and a corresponding non-stick coating are obviously improved, the formed non-stick coating has a certain effect of a hard-resistant device (such as a shovel), the non-stick service life is prolonged, the problem of poor lasting non-stick of the existing non-stick material is relieved, and the service life of a cooking utensil product is further prolonged.

Specifically, in some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, there is provided a composite non-stick material comprising:

a non-stick coating 111 and a hard material 112;

the hard material 112 includes first scale particles 1121 and second scale particles 1122, the first scale particles 1121 having a particle size that is less than or equal to the particle size of the second scale particles 1122;

the first scale particles 1121 are 20% by mass or less and the second scale particles 1122 are 15% by mass or less, based on the mass of the composite non-stick material.

The composite non-stick material provided by the embodiment of the application is a hard non-stick material system, and is characterized by better comprehensive performance, wear resistance, high strength and high hardness compared with the existing non-stick material by mutually matching and supporting the functions of the non-stick coating 111 and the raw materials of the hard material 112 or mutually restricting and matching the proportions of the raw materials, and has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, wear resistance and the like, so that the durable non-stick effect can be achieved while the non-stick coating is non-stick, the problem of non-stick reduction caused by the fact that the existing non-stick coating is non-wear or is easy to scratch and damage or is easy to be worn by hard devices (such as a shovel) can be solved, and the non-stick service life of the non-stick material is prolonged.

In one aspect, the non-stick coating 111 in the composite non-stick material provides the composite non-stick material with non-stick properties; and because the hard material 112 has the characteristics of stable structure, high hardness and high mechanical strength, the stability, hardness and strength of the non-stick material are improved after the non-stick coating 111 is added, namely, the hard material 112 with different granularity is added into the non-stick coating 111, a composite system similar to a concrete structure can be formed, the strength of the composite non-stick material can be improved, and the non-stick material has the characteristics of hardness and iron spade resistance while being non-stick. On the other hand, the added hard material 112 comprises first scale particles 1121 and second scale particles 1122 with different particle sizes, the second scale particles 1122 with larger particle sizes can serve as coarse aggregates for protection, the first scale particles 1121 with smaller particle sizes can serve as fine aggregates for strengthening the coating, the non-stick coating 111 can serve as a non-stick binder for curing the non-stick coating, and the composite non-stick material system has a concrete-like structure, and the coating formed by the composite non-stick material has higher strength and surface hardness and has a certain iron shovelresistance effect while being non-stick.

In addition, the hard material 112 has high hardness and high mechanical strength, can slow down abrasion and scratch caused by long-term use, and the hard material 112 also has non-stick performance, thereby meeting a non-stick mechanism. Therefore, even if the non-stick coating 111 in the composite non-stick material falls off due to aging or long-term use, the hard material 112 in the composite non-stick material can still exert non-stick performance and can delay abrasion, so that the cooking utensil can still have non-stick effect in a long time, the durability of the cooking utensil is effectively improved, and the service life of the cooking utensil is prolonged.

For the composite non-stick material, the mass percentage of the first scale particles 1121 is not higher than 20%, the mass percentage of the second scale particles 1122 is not higher than 15%, so that the effect of protecting or strengthening the coating by the hard material particles of each scale can be fully exerted, the film forming property of the material can be improved, the compactness of the coating is suitable, and the influence on the film forming property or non-stick property caused by the introduction of too many hard material particles of different scales is avoided.

Herein, unless otherwise indicated, the percentages, ratios, or parts referred to are by mass. For example, 2% to 10%, may be expressed as 2% to 10% by weight. The percentages stated in the present application (including mass percent) are all based on the total mass of the composition, unless otherwise indicated. That is, the percentages (%) refer to the mass percent relative to the composition.

In some embodiments, as shown with reference to FIG. 2, the first size particles 1121 may be sub-micron sized and the second size particles 1122 may be micron sized, with the first size particles 1121 not larger than the second size particles 1122, with the first size particles 1121 and the second size particles 1122 having a stepwise increasing trend. Specifically, in some embodiments, the first scale particles 1121 have a particle size ranging from 0.5 μm to 5 μm, and typically, but not by way of limitation, the first scale particles 1121 may have a particle size of, for example, any of the ranges consisting of 0.5 μm, 0.8 μm, 1 μm, 1.5 μm, 2 μm, 2.5 μm, 3 μm, 3.5 μm, 4 μm, 4.5 μm, 5 μm, and any two of these dot values; the second size particles 1122 may have a particle size ranging from 5 μm to 30 μm, and typically, but not limited to, the second size particles 1122 may have a particle size ranging from 5 μm, 6 μm, 8 μm, 10 μm, 12 μm, 15 μm, 18 μm, 20 μm, 22 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, and any two of these values.

The use of first and second size particles 1121, 1122 in the particle size ranges described above helps reduce costs and ensures the surface or service condition of the coating. On the one hand, if the hard material adopts powder particles smaller than 0.5 mu m, the powder preparation cost is increased, and the preparation process is complex; on the other hand, if the hard material is powder particles of more than 30 μm, the roughness of the inner surface of the finally obtained tool is large, which affects the overall nonstick effect and finally affects the consumer experience.

In addition, in embodiments of the present application, the particle size of the hard material includes, but is not limited to, the first and second size particles described above, e.g., in other embodiments, the hard material may also include third or fourth size particles. Illustratively, the hard material comprises first, second, and third scale particles, wherein the first, second, and third scale particles have a tendency to increase in size stepwise, or the third scale particles, first, and second scale particles have a tendency to increase in size stepwise, and are not described in detail herein.

In some embodiments, the first-sized particles comprise from 5% to 15% by mass, such as 5%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 15% by mass, and any value in the range consisting of any two of these point values, based on the mass of the composite non-stick material; the second scale particles may be present in an amount of from 2% to 10% by mass, for example, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10% and any value in the range of any two of these values.

In the composite non-stick material, the content of the added hard material with each granularity is required to be in a proper range, if the content of the added hard material is too small, the effect of the protective coating or the strengthening coating is not obvious, and if the content of the added hard material is too large, the binding force of the non-stick coating is influenced, and the non-stick effect is influenced. Therefore, the mass percentage of the first scale particles is in the range of 5-15%, the mass percentage of the second scale particles is in the range of 2-10%, the synergistic cooperation between the non-stick coating and the hard material is more beneficial to fully play, the non-stick coating and the hard material are matched with each other with high efficiency, abrasion and scratch caused by long-term use are slowed down, better abrasion-resistant and non-stick effects are achieved, and the non-stick service life is prolonged.

The specific types of hard materials may vary while meeting the need to increase the strength, hardness, etc. of the composite non-stick material. Specifically, in some embodiments, the hard material comprises at least one of tungsten carbide, boron nitride, silicon carbide, titanium nitride, titanium diboride, titanium carbide, titanium oxide, titanium suboxide, or zirconium carbide. The hard material may be, for example, tungsten carbide, boron nitride, silicon nitride, titanium diboride, titanium carbide, titanium oxide, titanium suboxide, zirconium carbide, or a mixture of any two or more of the above hard materials in any ratio.

In addition, in other embodiments, the hard material is not limited to the above-listed ones, and may be of other types, such as zirconia or similar oxides, or similar nitrides or carbides, as needed to meet the requirements of increasing the strength, hardness, etc. of the composite non-stick material, and will not be described in detail herein.

In some specific embodiments, the hard material is tungsten carbide (WC).

The adoption of the hard materials such as tungsten carbide and boron nitride, in particular to the adoption of tungsten carbide, is more beneficial to improving the strength and hardness of the composite non-stick material, can ensure that the non-stick material has the characteristics of hard iron-resistant shovel and the like while being non-stick, and has the advantages of wide sources, easy acquisition and low cost.

The non-stick paint in the composite non-stick material can be various non-stick paints commonly used such as the existing non-stick fluorine paint, the existing non-stick ceramic paint or the existing organic silicon resin. For example, the ceramic coating may be a common commercial ceramic coating formulation.

In some embodiments, the non-stick coating comprises at least one of a ceramic coating, a fluorine-containing coating, or a silicone resin. The non-stick coating may be a ceramic coating, a fluorine-containing coating, a silicone resin, or a mixture of any two or more of the above non-stick coatings in any ratio.

In some embodiments, the non-stick coating is a ceramic coating. Specifically, in some embodiments, the ceramic coating includes at least one of polymethylsiloxane or nanosilica. More specifically, in some embodiments, the major components of the ceramic coating are polymethylsiloxane and nanosilica. The ceramic coating itself has certain non-stick properties.

The specific components and sources of the ceramic coating are not limited, and various ceramic coatings well known or common in the art can be adopted, such as commercial products or can be prepared by self. In particular, ceramic coating containing polymethyl siloxane or nano silicon dioxide is matched with hard materials, so that better abrasion resistance and non-sticking effect can be achieved, the comprehensive performance of the composite non-sticking material can be improved, and the cooking utensil can obtain longer non-sticking performance.

The preparation method of the composite non-stick material is simple to operate and easy to prepare; for example, the non-stick coating can be uniformly mixed with hard materials of different particle sizes to obtain the composite non-stick material.

In a specific embodiment, the embodiment of the application further provides a preparation method of the composite non-stick material, which comprises the following steps:

the hard materials (in powder form) of different particle sizes are added to a non-stick coating such as a ceramic coating to obtain a mixture, and the mixture is then placed on a curing machine and mixed for about 0.5 hours to obtain a uniformly mixed composite non-stick material. Notably, the resulting uniformly mixed composite non-stick material needs to be used within 1 hour.

As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application further provides a cooking appliance 1, which includes:

an appliance body 10; and

a non-stick layer 11 formed on the surface of the device body 10, the non-stick layer 11 including the above-described composite non-stick material.

The cooking appliance 1 may be various commonly used cooking devices, for example, a non-stick pan, a frying pan, an air frying pan, a pan, an electric pressure cooker, an electric rice cooker, an autoclave, etc., and the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the specific type of the cooking appliance.

According to the embodiment of the application, the ingredients of the non-stick layer 11 of the cooking utensil 1 are improved, namely, the cooking utensil 1 comprises the composite non-stick material, so that the non-stick layer 11 has good non-stick performance, and has the characteristics of wear resistance, high strength, high hardness and the like, the non-stick layer can be endowed to the cooking utensil 1 for a long time, the non-stick service life of the cooking utensil 1 is prolonged, and the experience of consumers is promoted.

In the above-described cooking appliance, the appliance body includes an inner surface and an outer surface that are disposed opposite to each other, and in some cases, the non-adhesive layer may be formed on the inner surface of the appliance body; or in other cases, the non-stick layer may be formed on the inner and outer surfaces of the appliance body.

In some embodiments, the non-stick layer 11 has a thickness of 50 μm to 100 μm. Further, the particle size may be 50 μm to 90. Mu.m, and further, 60 μm to 80. Mu.m; typically, but not by way of limitation, the thickness of the non-stick layer may be, for example, any of the ranges of 50 μm, 55 μm, 60 μm, 65 μm, 70 μm, 75 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm and any two of these dot values. In the thickness range of the non-adhesive layer, the non-adhesive layer is easy to wear in the long-term use process due to being too thin, the lasting service life is insufficient, and the non-adhesive layer is easy to sag due to being too thick, so that the non-uniform thickness of the non-adhesive layer is caused.

In some embodiments, the roughness of the non-stick layer ranges from 3 μm to 6 μm, and further may range from 3.5 μm to 5.5 μm. In this range, the non-stick effect of the non-stick coating is guaranteed, and the coating has good wear resistance.

In some embodiments, the non-stick layer is a spray coating, further may be an air spray coating.

In some embodiments, the means for forming the non-stick layer comprises air spraying. The composite non-stick material is sprayed on the inner surface of the appliance body by adopting an air spraying mode so as to form a non-stick layer. Further, a composite non-stick material comprising a non-stick coating and a hard material may be prepared first, and then the non-stick layer may be obtained by providing the above-mentioned composite non-stick material on the appliance body, i.e. the non-stick layer is coated with the composite non-stick material as described above.

According to the product requirement, the appliance body can be made of a single-layer material or a multi-layer composite sheet structure, the material or the specific layer number of the appliance body is not limited, and the non-adhesive layer can be attached to a substrate commonly used in the field, such as metal or ceramic. For example, the material of the appliance body includes, but is not limited to, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, copper alloy, carbon steel, stainless steel, iron, and composite sheet materials thereof with other metals.

In the cooking utensil, the material of the utensil body can be selected in various ways, so that the selection diversity of the material of the utensil body is enriched. For example, in some embodiments, the above composite non-stick material may be directly coated on one or more composite metal substrates of aluminum/aluminum alloy, copper/copper alloy, titanium/titanium alloy, stainless steel, carbon steel, iron-based material, i.e., the composite non-stick material is disposed on the surface of the device body to contact the device body, thereby forming a non-stick layer. The non-stick coating has excellent wear resistance, non-stick property and non-stick durability, can alleviate the problem of short non-stick durability life of the existing non-stick coating, and can greatly improve the service life of the product.

In some embodiments, there is also provided a preparation method of a cooking appliance, including the steps of:

providing an appliance body, and forming a non-adhesive layer on the surface of the appliance body;

wherein the non-stick layer is coated on the surface of the appliance body by air spraying, wherein the non-stick layer comprises the composite non-stick material.

In the preparation method, the non-adhesive layer is formed on the surface of the appliance body by using an air spraying mode commonly used in the field, and the method is simple to operate, easy to implement and easy to realize mass production. Meanwhile, the non-stick layer comprises the composite non-stick material containing the non-stick paint and the hard materials with different particle sizes, and the composite non-stick material has the characteristics of excellent performance, higher strength and surface hardness, capability of reducing abrasion and scratch caused by long-term use, lasting non-stick property and the like as the description of the composite non-stick material is known.

In addition, in the preparation method, the formation mode of the non-adhesive layer comprises but is not limited to air spraying, and other coating methods known in the art can be adopted on the premise of not affecting the service performance of the composite non-adhesive material.

It can be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the cooking appliance and the preparation method thereof according to the present application are based on the same inventive concept as the aforementioned composite non-stick material, and the features and advantages described above for the composite non-stick material are equally applicable to the cooking appliance including the composite non-stick material and the preparation method thereof, and are not described in detail herein.

In the formation mode of the non-stick layer, the air spraying is a technology for spraying by atomizing the paint with compressed air, and has the advantages of simple method, easy control, high feasibility, good reliability, high production efficiency and the like.

In one embodiment of the present application, in actual production, the composite non-stick material of the present application is used in a cooking appliance to form a non-stick cooking appliance; the preparation method of the cooking utensil containing the composite non-stick material comprises the following steps:

(1) And (3) preparing the composite non-stick material.

The hard materials (powder) with different particle sizes are added into non-stick paint such as ceramic paint to obtain a mixture, and then the mixture is put on a curing machine to be mixed for about 0.5 hour to obtain a uniformly mixed composite non-stick material, and the obtained uniformly mixed composite non-stick material needs to be used within 1 hour.

(2) The appliance body is pretreated.

Specifically, in some embodiments, pre-treating the appliance body includes: the device body is sequentially cleaned, sandblasted and preheated.

In the method of the present application, the pretreatment method of the tool body is not particularly limited, and a method known to those skilled in the art may be employed. For example, the appliance body of the metal substrate is subjected to a degreasing treatment, or the surface of the appliance body is subjected to a roughening treatment to increase the contact area of the coating layer with the surface of the appliance body. The roughening may be performed by, for example, acid washing, alkali washing, sand blasting, sand milling, etc., and various methods commonly used in the art may be employed.

In some specific embodiments, the cleaning may be performed by removing oil with an alkaline cleaning solution, then rinsing with clear water, and drying. Brown fused alumina with 46 meshes can be adopted for sand blasting, and the pressure of compressed air for sand blasting is 0.1 MPa-0.2 MPa. After the sand blasting is finished, the device is prevented from being preheated in a drying furnace until the surface temperature of the device body is 40-50 ℃. Thus, the non-stick layer is more beneficial to the subsequent spraying preparation, and the production efficiency is improved.

(3) The non-stick layer was prepared.

Taking non-stick paint as ceramic paint as an example, the method for forming a non-stick layer on the surface of an appliance body by air spraying specifically comprises the following steps:

after the surface of the device body is preheated to a specified temperature range, uniformly spraying the non-stick material on the surface of the device body by adopting an air spray gun, wherein the spraying distance is 150-170 mm, and further can be 155-165 mm; the air pressure is 0.2MPa to 0.4MPa, and further can be 0.25MPa to 0.35MPa; the flow rate is 6L/min-10L/min, and further can be 7L/min-9L/min.

In this step, the controlled coating dry film thickness: the thickness of the non-adhesive layer is 50-100 mu m; the thickness range of the coating can ensure that the completely non-stick material covers the appliance body, has good performance (hardness and non-stick performance), uniform appearance effect and good spraying workability, can avoid easy sagging caused by too thick coating, causes uneven thickness, and can also avoid easy wearing caused by too thin coating and insufficient lasting life.

Under the air spraying operation condition, the method has the advantages of high reliability, high production efficiency, low production cost, more sufficient adhesion of the composite non-stick material to the surface of the appliance body, better quality and performance of the formed non-stick layer and long service life.

(4) The non-stick layer is surface dried and sintered.

And (3) placing the device body with the non-adhesive layer on the surface into a drying furnace for surface drying, wherein the surface drying temperature is 85-100 ℃ and the time is 10-15 min. After the surface drying is finished, the device body with the non-stick layer attached to the surface is put into a sintering furnace at 280 ℃ for sintering, and the non-stick layer can be obtained. Wherein, the temperature rise curve in the sintering process can be shown by referring to fig. 3, and the temperature rise curve shows the heat preservation time in each temperature interval range in the sintering process. Thus, the non-stick coating with good adhesion and non-stick performance can be formed on the surface of the appliance body.

In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be further described with reference to specific examples, comparative examples and test examples. In the following specific examples and comparative examples, the materials used are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

Example 1

A composite non-stick material comprising a ceramic coating and tungsten carbide, wherein the tungsten carbide comprises first scale particles having a particle size of 0.5 μm to 5 μm and second scale particles having a particle size of 5 μm to 30 μm; the mass percent of the first scale particles is 5% and the mass percent of the second scale particles is 2%.

Examples 2 to 5

Examples 2-5 differ from example 1 primarily in the content of the first and second size particles.

In example 2, the mass percent of the first size particles is 10% and the mass percent of the second size particles is 5%;

in example 3, the mass percent of the first size particles is 15% and the mass percent of the second size particles is 10%;

in example 4, the mass percent of the first size particles is 15% and the mass percent of the second size particles is 2%;

in example 5, the mass percent of the first size particles is 5% and the mass percent of the second size particles is 10%;

the remainder was the same as in example 1.

Examples 6 to 8

Examples 6 to 8 differ from example 1 mainly in the type of non-stick paint, hard material.

In example 6, the non-stick coating is a fluorine-containing coating;

in example 7, the hard material was boron nitride;

in example 8, the hard material is silicon carbide;

the remainder was the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 1

In this comparative example, the non-stick material was a conventional ceramic paint. That is, in this comparative example, no tungsten carbide was added as compared with example 1.

Comparative example 2

In the comparative example, the composite non-stick material comprises ceramic paint and tungsten carbide, wherein the particle size of the tungsten carbide is 5-30 mu m, and the mass percentage content is 10%.

In this comparative example, only micron-sized tungsten carbide particles were added as compared with example 1.

Comparative example 3

In the comparative example, the composite non-stick material comprises ceramic paint and tungsten carbide, wherein the particle size of the tungsten carbide is 0.5-5 mu m, and the mass percentage content is 15%.

In this comparative example, only submicron tungsten carbide particles were added as compared with example 1.

Test examples

The non-stick materials in the above examples and comparative examples were coated on the surface of the appliance body by air spraying to form a non-stick layer, thereby obtaining a cooking appliance. The non-stick materials of examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were respectively tested for their properties related to application to cooking appliances, and the test results are shown in table 1.

1. The accelerated simulation test method was used to evaluate the non-stick life, and a specific test method is as follows.

And (3) evaluating the non-stick life by referring to a non-stick frying pan acceleration simulation test program, wherein the test flow is as follows:

a: vibration wear resistance test→b: dry-burning mixed sauce material- & gtC: boiling brine- & gtD: stir-frying quartz stone (iron shovel) → E: the omelet was evaluated for non-stick grade, and the above 4 test steps were completed and the non-stick grade was evaluated once, marking the end of one cycle.

Wherein, A is vibration abrasion resistance test, specifically comprising: the adopted instrument is a vibration wear-resistant testing machine, and the adopted method is as follows: 1) Putting 1kg of quartz stone (particle size 9-12 mm) into a pot; 2) Placing the pot on a heating furnace; 3) Setting the vibration time of the instrument to be 15 minutes, heating the instrument to be 150-180 ℃ and rotating the instrument at 300 revolutions per minute; 4) Starting a vibration button to enable the quartz stone to vibrate in the pot for 15 minutes; 5) After the test is finished, the quartz stone in the pot is poured out, and the inner surface of the pot is cleaned by using a detergent and is wiped dry. 6) Quartz stone replacement cycle: 1 time/month.

B: the dry-burned mixed sauce specifically comprises the following components: the ingredients comprise soy sauce, vinegar, cooking wine, monosodium glutamate, salt, sugar and edible oil, and the adopted method is as follows: 1) The mixed sauce is prepared by the following weight ratio: soy sauce: vinegar: cooking wine: monosodium glutamate: salt: sugar: edible oil = 4:3:2:1:1:2:2 (mass ratio) completely dissolving and uniformly mixing to prepare a special mixed sauce; 2) Putting 50g of the mixed sauce into a pot, and shaking the pot until the sauce uniformly covers the bottom of the pot; 3) Placing the sample pot on a gas stove, carrying out dry heating to 250-270 ℃, preserving heat for 2min, and stopping heating; 4) Washing with water, and then scrubbing the polluted area in the pot with detergent and rag.

C: the boiled brine specifically comprises: the ingredients comprise 50g of salt and 950g of water, and the adopted method is as follows: 1) Weighing 50g of salt and 950g of water to prepare 5% salt water, and pouring the salt water into a pot; 2) Starting timing after boiling water, keeping micro boiling for 10min, and adding water according to the condition to keep the concentration unchanged; 3) After boiling for a prescribed time, the pot is cleaned by tap water and is wiped dry.

D: the quartz stone (iron shovel) comprises: the ingredients comprise 1kg of quartz stone and a small amount of oil, vinegar, cooking wine, soy sauce and salt, and the adopted method is as follows: 1) Pouring 15g of edible oil into a pot, shaking uniformly until the whole inner surface is impregnated, heating to generate oil smoke, pouring 1Kg of quartz stone into the pot, adding a small amount of vinegar, cooking wine, soy sauce, water and salt, and uniformly stir-frying for 10min; 2) After the process is finished, cleaning the inner surface of the pot by using a detergent, and wiping the inner surface of the pot; 3) Filtering the soup after each cycle is finished, and leaving quartz stone for the next cycle; 4) Quartz stone replacement cycle: 1 time/month.

When the acceleration simulation test is performed, the non-sticking life is determined after each cycle is completed. Endpoint determination occurs as one of the following:

(1) Tack-free decrease:

the non-sticking grade of the fried eggs is III grade continuously in two cycles;

(2) Appearance failure:

the coating layer has fuzzing phenomenon;

the diameter of the falling area of the coating is more than 3mm;

abrasion significantly exposes the substrate;

the coating has more than 3 penetrating scratches (exposing the substrate);

dirt which cannot be washed off by the wet rag appears;

the number of simulated test cycles at the end point of the test is recorded to be the non-stick life of the product, and the more the number of cycles is, the longer the non-stick life of the coating is.

2. Non-stick coating hardness testing method

The hardness of the non-stick coating is tested by adopting a pencil hardness test method, and the test method is shown as follows with reference to the standard GB/T32388-20156.2.14:

(1) Holding the pencil in the apparatus described in GB/T6739-2006, the pencil being held, the pencil being pressed down on the surface of the coating at an angle of 45 DEG under a load of 750 g; (2) Cutting off approximately 5mm-6mm of wood from one end of each pencil with a special mechanical pencil sharpener, carefully operating to leave an intact, unbreakable, smooth cylindrical pencil lead; (3) Inserting a pencil into the test instrument and fixing the pencil by a rack to keep the instrument horizontal; (4) Pulling the clamping device to move the pencil along the surface of the test coating at a speed of 0.5mm/s to 1mm/s by a distance of at least 7 mm; (5) If the coating is cut by the lead core to see clear cutting, sequentially reducing the hardness level of the lead core, and repeating the steps (1) and (2) until the coating is just not cut to the metal matrix; (6) The hardness of the coating is noted, which refers to the hardness of the lead when the coating is just not cut to the substrate. (7) Damage can be assessed with a magnifying glass at a magnification of 6-10 times. If a magnifying glass is used, the report should be noted; (8) If scratches exceeding 3mm appear, the hardness of the pencil is reduced, and the test is repeated until scratches exceeding 3mm do not appear any more; (9) The pencil hardness of the coating is expressed as the hardness of the hardest pencil that does not cause scratches of 3mm and above to the coating.

The judgment standard is from soft to hard as follows:

9B-8B-7B-6B-5B-4B-3B-2B-B-HB-F-H-2H-3H-4H-5H-6H-7H-8H-9H。

3. non-stick coating strength testing method

The non-stick coating strength test method adopts a mechanical impact test method, and the mechanical impact test method is as follows:

(1) Fixing the sample on the test equipment by a rotary fixture facility, wherein the coated surface can face upwards; (2) The direction of the impact guide tube is checked to be vertical, the testing instrument is adjusted by rotating the rotating shaft outside the bracket, and the tail part of the combined pointer is positioned at the scale 0; (3) Lifting the steel ball (500 g) to a scale with the height of 50cm to enable the steel ball to fall freely; (4) The surface of the sample was checked for obvious cracks, and if no obvious cracks were found, the height of the test was increased upwards by 25cm and the test was again impacted. The requirements are: the coating does not collapse or fall off, and net cracks cannot occur.

Table 1 results of performance testing of examples and comparative examples

As can be seen from the data in table 1, the composite non-stick materials provided in examples 1 to 8 of the present application have more excellent durable non-stick properties and improved hardness as compared to the non-stick materials of comparative examples 1 to 3. As is apparent from the comparison of examples 1 to 5 with comparative example 1, the non-stick layer formed by using the composite non-stick material comprising tungsten carbide of different particle sizes and ceramic paint has a durable non-stick life, which is improved by 1 to 2 times compared with the non-stick layer formed by the conventional ceramic paint. As is clear from comparison of examples 1 to 5, the combination of a small amount of the micro-sized particles and a large amount of the sub-micro-sized particles is superior to the combination of a large amount of the micro-sized particles and a small amount of the sub-micro-sized particles. As is evident from the comparison of examples 1 to 5 with comparative examples 2 and 3, the addition of tungsten carbide particles of different grades (micron and submicron) in the ceramic coating has a more excellent durable non-tackiness than the addition of tungsten carbide particles of the same grade alone (micron or submicron alone).

In summary, it is known that by adding hard materials such as tungsten carbide particles of different sizes to a non-stick coating such as a ceramic coating, the permanent non-stick property of the ceramic coating can be significantly increased, and the hardness of the coating can be improved.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (5)

1. A cooking appliance, comprising:

an appliance body; and

the non-stick layer is formed on the surface of the appliance body, the material of the non-stick layer comprises a composite non-stick material, and the composite non-stick material comprises:

non-stick coatings and hard materials;

the hard material comprises first scale particles and second scale particles, wherein the particle size of the first scale particles is 0.5-5 mu m, and the particle size of the second scale particles is 5-30 mu m;

based on the mass of the composite non-stick material, the mass percentage of the first scale particles is 5-15%, and the mass percentage of the second scale particles is 2-10%;

the hard material comprises at least one of tungsten carbide, boron nitride, silicon carbide, titanium nitride, titanium diboride, titanium carbide, titanium oxide, titanium suboxide, and zirconium carbide;

the non-stick coating includes at least one of a ceramic coating, a fluorine-containing coating, and a silicone resin.

2. The cooking appliance of claim 1, wherein the ceramic coating comprises at least one of polymethylsiloxane and nano-silica.

3. The cooking appliance of claim 1, wherein the cooking appliance satisfies at least one of the following characteristics:

(a) The thickness of the non-adhesive layer is 50-100 mu m;

(b) The non-stick layer is formed by air spraying.

4. A method for preparing a cooking appliance, comprising the steps of:

providing an appliance body, and forming a non-adhesive layer on the surface of the appliance body;

wherein, the non-stick layer is coated on the surface of the utensil body by the mode of air spraying by the compound non-stick material, the compound non-stick material includes: non-stick coatings and hard materials;

the hard material comprises first scale particles and second scale particles, wherein the particle size of the first scale particles is 0.5-5 mu m, and the particle size of the second scale particles is 5-30 mu m;

based on the mass of the composite non-stick material, the mass percentage of the first scale particles is 5-15%, and the mass percentage of the second scale particles is 2-10%;

the hard material comprises at least one of tungsten carbide, boron nitride, silicon carbide, titanium nitride, titanium diboride, titanium carbide, titanium oxide, titanium suboxide, and zirconium carbide;

the non-stick coating includes at least one of a ceramic coating, a fluorine-containing coating, and a silicone resin.

5. The method of manufacturing a cooking appliance of claim 4, wherein the method of manufacturing a cooking appliance meets at least one of the following characteristics:

(c) The preparation method further comprises a step of pretreating the appliance body before forming a non-stick layer on the surface of the appliance body, wherein the pretreatment of the appliance body comprises the following steps: sequentially cleaning, sandblasting and preheating the appliance body, wherein the compressed air pressure of sandblasting is 0.1-0.2 MPa, and the preheating temperature is 40-50 ℃;

(d) The air spraying operation condition satisfies at least one of the following:

the spraying distance is 150 mm-170 mm;

the air pressure is 0.2 MPa-0.4 MPa;

the flow is 6L/min-10L/min;

(e) The preparation method further comprises the step of performing surface drying on the non-adhesive layer after air spraying, wherein the surface drying temperature is 85-100 ℃ and the time is 10-15 min;

(f) The thickness of the non-adhesive layer is 50-100 mu m.