CN115585266B - Parking mechanism, gearbox and vehicle - Google Patents
Parking mechanism, gearbox and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN115585266B CN115585266B CN202110758873.9A CN202110758873A CN115585266B CN 115585266 B CN115585266 B CN 115585266B CN 202110758873 A CN202110758873 A CN 202110758873A CN 115585266 B CN115585266 B CN 115585266B
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- pawl
- movable iron
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/34—Locking or disabling mechanisms
- F16H63/3416—Parking lock mechanisms or brakes in the transmission
- F16H63/3425—Parking lock mechanisms or brakes in the transmission characterised by pawls or wheels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnets (AREA)
- Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a parking mechanism, a gearbox and a vehicle, which comprise a ratchet wheel, a pawl and an electromagnetic switch valve assembly; the electromagnetic switch valve assembly comprises an electromagnetic valve shell, an electromagnetic coil, a movable iron core, a connecting rod and a first return spring; the electromagnetic valve shell is fixed on the shell of the gearbox, and the electromagnetic coil is fixed in the electromagnetic valve shell; the movable iron core is movably arranged in the electromagnetic valve shell and is embedded in the electromagnetic coil; the first end of the connecting rod is movably connected with the pawl, and the second end of the connecting rod is movably connected with the first end of the movable iron core; when the electromagnetic coil is in a first state, the movable iron core moves under the action of electromagnetic force to drive the pawl to rotate until the pawl is separated from the ratchet wheel; when the electromagnetic coil is in the second state, the movable iron core moves under the action of the return force of the first return spring so as to drive the pawl to rotate to be abutted against the ratchet wheel; the structure is simple, the transmission is flexible and efficient, no stress impact exists between the ratchet wheel and the pawl, the pawl can be meshed with the ratchet wheel quickly, the pawl can exit the ratchet groove quickly, and the cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of transmission, and particularly relates to a parking mechanism, a gearbox and a vehicle.
Background
At present, automobiles have been developed as an indispensable transportation means for people to travel, and a parking mechanism, which relates to whether the vehicle can be reliably parked for a long time, is one of the very important mechanisms in automobile transmissions. The conventional parking mechanisms are motor control type and hydraulic control type parking mechanisms; the hydraulic control type parking mechanism has large difference of gear shifting or gear releasing performance at low temperature, and a safety mechanism is required to be designed to prevent faults such as blockage and the like of a hydraulic system, so that the hydraulic control type parking mechanism has a complex structure and high cost; the motor control type parking mechanism is easy to generate gear shifting impact and has higher cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the problem of higher cost of the existing scheme, the parking mechanism, the gearbox and the vehicle are provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides a parking mechanism, which comprises a ratchet wheel, a pawl and an electromagnetic switch valve assembly, wherein the ratchet wheel is fixedly arranged on a transmission shaft in a gearbox, and the pawl is rotatably arranged on a shell of the gearbox;
The electromagnetic switch valve assembly comprises an electromagnetic valve shell, an electromagnetic coil, a movable iron core, a connecting rod and a first return spring;
the electromagnetic valve shell is fixed on the shell of the gearbox, and the electromagnetic coil is fixed in the electromagnetic valve shell; the movable iron core is movably arranged in the electromagnetic valve shell and is embedded in the electromagnetic coil;
the first end of the connecting rod is movably connected with the pawl, and the second end of the connecting rod is movably connected with the first end of the movable iron core;
When the electromagnetic coil is in the first state: the movable iron core can move under the electromagnetic force action of the electromagnetic coil and drive the first return spring to deform, and the connecting rod can drive the pawl to rotate to be separated from the ratchet wheel under the drive of the movable iron core;
When the electromagnetic coil is in the second state: the movable iron core can move under the action of the return force of the first return spring, and the connecting rod can drive the pawl to rotate to be abutted against the ratchet wheel under the driving of the movable iron core.
Optionally, the pawl includes a pawl body and pawl teeth;
the middle part of the pawl body is provided with a mounting part which is rotationally connected with the shell of the gearbox;
the pawl teeth are arranged at the first end of the pawl body, the second end of the pawl body is rotationally connected with the first end of the connecting rod, and the second end of the connecting rod is rotationally connected with the movable iron core.
Optionally, a variable cross-section round hole is formed in the pawl body, and the diameter of the variable cross-section round hole is gradually reduced from the middle to the two ends;
The first end of the connecting rod is provided with a cylinder and a limiting table, the cylinder penetrates through the variable cross-section round hole, and the limiting table is positioned at one side of the pawl body, which is away from the movable iron core;
the parking mechanism further comprises a positioning elastic piece; the positioning elastic piece is arranged between the pawl body and the movable iron core and is used for enabling the pawl body to be in abutting connection with the limiting table.
Optionally, a connecting groove is formed at the first end of the movable iron core, and the inner surface of the connecting groove is a spherical surface;
The second end of the connecting rod is provided with a ball, and the ball is rotationally connected with the connecting groove.
Optionally, the electromagnetic switch valve assembly further comprises a static iron core, a contact body, a second return spring and a first switch;
the static iron core is fixed in the electromagnetic valve shell, and the first end of the static iron core is opposite to the second end of the movable iron core;
the static iron core is provided with a mounting hole, the contact body is arranged in the mounting hole in a sliding mode, the first end of the contact body is opposite to the second end of the movable iron core, and the second end of the contact body extends out of the second end of the static iron core;
the second return spring is arranged between the second end of the contact body and the electromagnetic valve shell and is used for returning the contact body;
The electromagnetic coil comprises a maintenance coil and an attraction coil, wherein the first end of the maintenance coil and the first end of the attraction coil are connected with an external power supply, and the second end of the maintenance coil and the second end of the attraction coil are grounded;
The contact body can close the first switch under the pushing of the movable iron core; when the first switch is closed, the attraction coil is in a short circuit state.
Optionally, the first end of the maintaining coil and the first end of the attraction coil are both connected with the output end of an external power supply through a second switch;
the second end of the maintaining coil is grounded, the second end of the attraction coil is connected with a grounded resistor, and the second end of the attraction coil is also connected with the output end of an external power supply through a first switch;
the winding directions of the suction coil and the maintenance coil are the same;
The first end of the maintaining coil is positioned at one end of the maintaining coil far away from the connecting rod, and the first end of the attraction coil is positioned at one end of the maintaining coil far away from the connecting rod;
Closing the second switch, and opening the first switch: the maintaining coil is connected with the attraction coil in parallel and can apply the same-direction electromagnetic force to the movable iron core;
Closing the second switch, when the first switch is closed: the attraction coil is short-circuited, and the maintenance coil can be electrified and maintain the position of the movable iron core;
Opening the second switch, and closing the first switch: the attraction coil and the maintenance coil are connected in series, and electromagnetic forces with the same magnitude and opposite directions can be applied to the movable iron core.
Optionally, the electromagnetic switch valve assembly further comprises a first connecting column and a second connecting column;
the first connecting column and the second connecting column penetrate through the electromagnetic valve housing;
The first end of the maintaining coil and the first end of the attraction coil are respectively and electrically connected to one end of the second connecting column, which is positioned in the electromagnetic valve housing; one end of the second connecting column, which is positioned outside the electromagnetic valve housing, is connected with the output end of an external power supply through a second switch;
The second end of the attraction coil is also connected with one end of the first connecting column, which is positioned in the electromagnetic valve shell, through a first switch; one end of the first connecting column, which is positioned outside the electromagnetic valve housing, is connected with the output end of an external power supply.
Optionally, a groove is formed at the second end of the movable iron core;
A protrusion is arranged at the first end of the static iron core, and when the electromagnetic coil is in an electrified state, the protrusion stretches into the groove;
one end of the mounting hole is positioned on the bulge;
The contact body comprises a guide post and a limiting part;
the guide post is arranged in the mounting hole in a penetrating mode, and the limiting part can be abutted to one side, deviating from the movable iron core, of the static iron core.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a gearbox which comprises the parking mechanism.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a vehicle comprising the gearbox.
Compared with the prior art, the parking mechanism, the gearbox and the vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention adopt the electromagnetic switch valve assembly as an execution unit of the parking mechanism, when the electromagnetic coil is in the first state, the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic coil acts on the movable iron core, the movable iron core transmits force to the pawl through the connecting rod so as to separate the pawl from the ratchet wheel, the rotation limitation of the transmission shaft is relieved, the P-gear withdrawal is realized, the first return spring deforms and stores energy in the P-gear withdrawal process, when the electromagnetic coil is in the second state, the first return spring releases elastic potential energy, applies return force to the movable iron core, the movable iron core transmits force to the pawl through the connecting rod so as to enable the pawl to abut against the ratchet wheel, at the moment, if the pawl is opposite to the ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel, the pawl is blocked into the ratchet wheel groove opposite to the pawl after the ratchet wheel rotates along with the transmission shaft, if the pawl is opposite to the ratchet wheel groove, the pawl is directly blocked into the ratchet wheel groove, the P-gear is realized, the structure is simple, the transmission is flexible and efficient, no stress impact is realized between the ratchet wheel and the pawl is required to be rapidly meshed with the ratchet wheel groove, and the pawl is rapidly withdrawn from the ratchet groove, and the motor is designed safely, and the cost is low.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a parking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the parking mechanism of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a parking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a current path diagram of the second switch of FIG. 3 when closed;
FIG. 5 is a current path diagram of the first switch and the second switch of FIG. 3 when closed;
fig. 6 is a current path diagram of the first switch of fig. 3 when closed.
Reference numerals in the specification are as follows:
1. A ratchet wheel; 11. ratchet teeth; 12. ratchet grooves;
2. A pawl; 21. a pawl body; 211. a variable cross-section circular hole; 22. pawl teeth; 23. a mounting portion;
3. An electromagnetic switch valve assembly; 31. an electromagnetic valve housing; 3101. a second positioning column;
321. A sustain coil; 322. a suction coil;
33. A movable iron core; 331. a connecting groove; 332. a groove; 333. a flange;
34. a connecting rod; 341. a cylinder; 342. a limiting table; 343. a ball;
35. A first return spring;
36. a stationary core; 361. a protrusion;
37. a contact body; 371. a guide post; 372. a limit part; 373. a first positioning column;
38. A second return spring;
39. A first switch; 310. a second switch;
311. a first connection post; 312. a second connection post;
4. positioning an elastic piece; 5. a resistor; 6. an external power source.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects solved by the invention more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the parking mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a ratchet wheel 1, a pawl 2 and an electromagnetic switch valve assembly 3;
The ratchet wheel 1 is fixedly arranged on a transmission shaft (such as an input shaft, an intermediate shaft or an output shaft in the gearbox) in the gearbox, and the pawl 2 is rotatably arranged on a shell of the gearbox; in the application, the gearbox can also refer to a reduction gearbox;
The electromagnetic switch valve assembly 3 comprises an electromagnetic valve shell 31, an electromagnetic coil, a movable iron core 33, a connecting rod 34 and a first return spring 35;
The electromagnetic valve shell 31 is fixed on the shell of the gearbox, and the electromagnetic coil is fixed in the electromagnetic valve shell 31; the movable iron core 33 is movably arranged in the electromagnetic valve shell 31 and is embedded in the electromagnetic coil;
the first end of the connecting rod 34 is movably connected with the pawl 2, and the second end is movably connected with the first end of the movable iron core 33;
when the electromagnetic coil is in the first state: the movable iron core 33 can move under the electromagnetic force action of the electromagnetic coil and drive the first return spring 35 to deform, and the connecting rod 34 can drive the pawl 2 to rotate to be separated from the ratchet wheel 1 under the driving of the movable iron core 33;
When the electromagnetic coil is in the second state: the movable iron core 33 can move under the action of the return force of the first return spring 35, and the connecting rod 34 can drive the pawl 2 to rotate to be abutted against the ratchet wheel 1 under the driving of the movable iron core 33.
Compared with the prior art, the parking mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention adopts the electromagnetic switch valve assembly 3 as an execution unit of the parking mechanism, when the electromagnetic coil is in the first state, electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic coil acts on the movable iron core 33, the movable iron core 33 transmits force to the pawl 2 through the connecting rod 34, so that the pawl 2 is separated from the ratchet wheel 1, the rotation limit of the transmission shaft is released, the P gear is removed, the first return spring 35 deforms and stores energy in the P gear removing process, when the electromagnetic coil is in the second state, the first return spring 35 releases elastic potential energy, and applies return force to the movable iron core 33, the movable iron core 33 transmits force to the pawl 2 through the connecting rod 34, so that the pawl 2 is abutted against the ratchet wheel 1, at the moment, if the pawl 2 is opposite to the ratchet wheel 11 of the ratchet wheel 1, the pawl 2 is clamped into the ratchet wheel groove 12 opposite to the pawl after the ratchet wheel 1 rotates along with the transmission shaft, if the pawl 2 is opposite to the ratchet wheel groove 12, the pawl 2 is directly clamped into the ratchet wheel groove 12, the P gear is realized, the structure is simple, the transmission is flexible and efficient, no impact is generated between the ratchet wheel 1 and the pawl 2, the quick engagement of the pawl 2 and the ratchet wheel 1 and the pawl 2 are not required to be rapidly separated from the motor 12, and the redundant design is low in cost.
Specifically, when the electromagnetic coil is in the first state, the electromagnetic coil is continuously electrified, and when the electromagnetic coil is in the second state, the electromagnetic coil is deenergized.
Or the electromagnetic coil comprises a first coil and a second coil;
When the electromagnetic coil is in the first state: the first coil and the second coil are continuously energized, and the electromagnetic force in the same direction is applied to the movable iron core 33;
When the electromagnetic coil is in the second state: the first coil and the second coil are energized first, and electromagnetic forces with the same magnitude and opposite directions are applied to the movable iron core 33, that is, the resultant force of the electromagnetic coils acting on the movable iron core 33 is 0, after the P gear is hung, the first coil and the second coil are de-energized, and the first return spring 35 keeps the position of the movable iron core. Both schemes can realize P-gear withdrawal and P-gear engagement through the control of the working state of the electromagnetic coil.
Specifically, the end surface of the first end of the plunger 33 is exposed outside the solenoid valve housing 31, and the second end is located inside the solenoid valve housing 31.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the first end of the movable iron core 33 extends out of the electromagnetic valve housing 31, a flange 333 is provided on the periphery of the first end of the movable iron core 33, the flange 333 is located outside the electromagnetic valve housing 31, the first return spring 35 is a compression spring sleeved outside the movable iron core 33, and two ends of the first return spring 35 are respectively abutted against the flange 333 and the end face of the electromagnetic valve housing 31, so that the electromagnetic valve housing is simple in structure, low in cost and easy to assemble and disassemble.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the pawl 2 includes a pawl body 21 and pawl teeth 22;
The middle part of the pawl body 21 is provided with a mounting part 23, and the mounting part 23 is rotationally connected with a shell of the gearbox;
The pawl teeth 22 are disposed at a first end of the pawl body 21 and are configured to engage with the ratchet slot 12, a second end of the pawl body 21 is rotatably coupled to a first end of the connecting rod 34, and a second end of the connecting rod 34 is rotatably coupled to the plunger 33. Simple structure and low cost.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the pawl body 21 is provided with a circular hole 211 with a variable cross section, and the diameter of the circular hole 211 with a variable cross section gradually decreases from the middle to the two ends;
The first end of the connecting rod 34 is provided with a cylinder 341 and a limiting table 342, the cylinder 341 penetrates through the variable cross-section round hole 211, and the limiting table 342 is positioned on one side of the pawl body 21, which is away from the movable iron core 33;
The parking mechanism further comprises a positioning elastic piece 4; the positioning elastic member 4 is disposed between the pawl body 21 and the movable core 33, and is used for maintaining the pawl body 21 and the limiting stand 342 in contact.
After assembly, the positioning elastic piece 4 has a certain precompression amount, the pawl body 21 is abutted against the limiting table 342 by the pretightening force provided by the positioning elastic piece 4, reliable transmission between the connecting rod 34 and the pawl 2 is guaranteed, compared with the structure that the connecting rod 34 and the pawl body 21 form a cylindrical pair, the structure enables the connecting rod to have a rotational degree of freedom in a plane which passes through the axial line of the variable cross section round hole 211 and is perpendicular to the rotation center line of the pawl 2, the angle between the pawl 2 and the connecting rod 34 is variable in the rotation process, when the pawl tooth 22 contacts with the ratchet tooth 11 during P gear hanging, the rotation of the pawl 2 is blocked, the pawl tooth 22 cannot move further, but the movable iron core 33 can move continuously, the connecting rod 34 slides relative to the variable cross section round hole 211, the positioning elastic piece 4 deforms and stores energy, when the ratchet 1 rotates to the ratchet groove 12 opposite to the pawl tooth 22, the positioning elastic piece 4 releases elastic potential energy and drives the pawl 2 to rotate, the pawl tooth 22 is pressed into the ratchet groove 12, and the P gear is prevented from being blocked.
The P-gear-withdrawing and P-gear-hanging device is smooth, the clamping stagnation in the P-gear-withdrawing and P-gear-hanging processes is avoided, and the structure is simple.
In one embodiment, the first end of the movable iron core 33 is provided with a connecting groove 331, and the inner surface of the connecting groove 331 is a sphere; the second end of the connecting rod 34 is provided with a ball 343, and the ball 343 is rotatably connected with the connecting groove 331. The enough rotation freedom degree between the connecting rod 34 and the movable iron core 33 is ensured, the blocking in the P gear withdrawing and P gear hanging process is avoided, and the structure is simple.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the electromagnetic switch valve assembly 3 further includes a stationary core 36, a contact body 37, a second return spring 38, and a first switch 39;
the stationary core 36 is fixed in the electromagnetic valve housing 31, and a first end of the stationary core 36 is opposite to a second end of the movable core 33;
The static iron core 36 is provided with a mounting hole, the contact body 37 is arranged in the mounting hole in a sliding way, the first end of the contact body 37 is opposite to the second end of the movable iron core 33, and the second end of the contact body 37 extends out of the second end of the static iron core 36;
the second return spring 38 is disposed between the second end of the contact body 37 and the solenoid valve housing 31, and is used for returning the contact body 37;
The electromagnetic coil comprises a maintaining coil 321 and a suction coil 322, wherein a first end of the maintaining coil 321 and a first end of the suction coil 322 are connected with an external power supply 6, and a second end of the maintaining coil 321 and a second end of the suction coil 322 are grounded;
The contact body 37 can close the first switch 39 under the pushing of the plunger 33; when the first switch 39 is closed, the attraction coil 322 is in a short-circuited state.
When the gear is required to be shifted, the retaining coil 321 and the attraction coil 322 are simultaneously electrified (as shown in fig. 4), and the same-direction electromagnetic force is generated on the movable iron core 33, the movable iron core 33 transmits force to the pawl 2 through the connecting rod 34, so that the pawl 2 is separated from the ratchet wheel 1, the rotation restriction of the transmission shaft is released, meanwhile, the movable iron core 33 can push the contact body 37 to close the first switch 39, the attraction coil 322 is in short circuit (as shown in fig. 5), the second return spring 38 stores energy, only the current in the retaining coil 321 passes, the position of the movable iron core 33 is maintained through the retaining coil 321, and the pawl 2 is kept separated from the ratchet wheel 1, so that the gear is shifted; when the gear is shifted, the retaining coil 321 and the attraction coil 322 apply force to the movable iron core 33 at the same time, so that the separation of the pawl 2 and the ratchet 1 can be completed rapidly, after the pawl 2 and the ratchet 1 are separated, the attraction coil 322 is short-circuited, and current passes through the retaining coil 321, so that the position of the movable iron core 33 is maintained, the separation state of the pawl 2 and the ratchet 1 is maintained, the reliability of the gear shift is ensured, and the aim of saving energy is fulfilled.
When the gear P is needed to be engaged, the power supply to the maintaining coil 321 and the attraction coil 322 can be stopped, the elastic force of the first return spring 35 is transmitted to the pawl 2 through the movable iron core 33 and the pull rod, the pawl 2 is directly clamped into the ratchet groove 12 opposite to the movable iron core, the pawl can be abutted against the ratchet teeth 11, after the ratchet 1 rotates, the pawl is clamped into the ratchet groove 12 opposite to the ratchet teeth, the gear P is engaged, meanwhile, the contact body 37 returns under the action of the return force of the second return spring 38, and the first switch 39 is disconnected.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, a first positioning column 373 is disposed at a second end of the contact body 37, a second positioning column 3101 is disposed on the solenoid valve housing 31, the second return spring 38 is a compression spring, two ends of the second return spring 38 are respectively sleeved on the first positioning column 373 and the second positioning column 3101, and the structure is simple and easy to disassemble and assemble.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the first end of the maintaining coil 321 and the first end of the attracting coil 322 are both connected to the output end of the external power supply 6 through the second switch 310; the second switch 310 may be a part of the electromagnetic switch valve assembly 3, or may be an external structure connected to the output end of the external power supply 6, and is used for connecting the first end of the maintenance coil 321 with the output end of the external power supply 6, and is also used for connecting the first end of the attraction coil 322 with the output end of the external power supply 6;
the second end of the maintaining coil 321 is grounded, the second end of the attracting coil 322 is connected with a grounded resistor 5, and the second end of the attracting coil 322 is also connected with the output end of the external power supply 6 through a first switch 39;
the winding directions of the attraction coil 322 and the maintenance coil 321 are the same;
The first end of the maintaining coil 321 is positioned at one end of the maintaining coil 321 far away from the connecting rod 34, and the first end of the attracting coil 322 is positioned at one end of the maintaining coil 321 far away from the connecting rod 34;
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the second switch 310 is closed, and the first switch 39 is opened: the sustain coil 321 is connected in parallel with the attraction coil 322, and can apply the electromagnetic force in the same direction to the movable iron core 33;
As shown in fig. 3 and 5, when the second switch 310 is closed and the first switch 39 is closed: the attraction coil 322 is short-circuited, and the maintenance coil 321 can be energized to maintain the position of the movable iron core 33;
as shown in fig. 3 and 6, when the second switch 310 is opened and the first switch 39 is closed: the attraction coil 322 and the maintenance coil 321 are connected in series, and electromagnetic forces having the same magnitude and opposite directions can be applied to the plunger 33.
When the gear is required to be shifted, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the second switch 310 is closed, the current output by the external power supply 6 passes through the second switch 310, and is divided into two paths, one path passes through the maintaining coil 321, and the other path passes through the attraction coil 322, namely, the maintaining coil 321 is connected with the attraction coil 322 in parallel, the maintaining coil 321 and the attraction coil 322 generate the same-direction electromagnetic force to the movable iron core 33, the magnetic field forms a magnetic circuit through the coil, the electromagnetic force overcomes the elastic force of the first return spring 35, the movable iron core 33 moves, the deformation of the first return spring 35 increases along with the movement of the movable iron core 33, the connecting rod 34 moves along with the movable iron core 33, the pawl 2 rotates relative to the shell of the gearbox, the pawl 2 is separated from the ratchet groove 12, the rotation freedom degree of the ratchet 1 is released, the rotation restriction of the transmission shaft is released, and the gear shifting restriction is released, so that the gear shifting is completed;
The movable iron core 33 moves further, the movable iron core 33 contacts the contact piece 37 and drives the contact piece 37 to move together, the direct contact piece 37 closes the first switch 39, and the attraction coil 322 is short-circuited; as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the current output from the external power supply 6 is divided into two paths, one path flows through the second switch 310 and the maintenance coil 321, and the other path flows through the first switch 39 and the resistor 5, and the position of the movable iron core 33 is maintained by the electromagnetic force applied to the movable iron core 33 by the maintenance coil 321, so that the pawl 2 is kept separated from the ratchet 1, and the first switch 39 is kept in a closed state;
When the gear P is needed, as shown in fig. 3 and 6, the second switch 310 is turned on, the current output by the external power supply 6 flows through the first switch 39, the attraction coil 322 and the maintenance coil 321 in sequence, that is, the maintenance coil 321 and the attraction coil 322 are connected in series, so that demagnetization of the electromagnetic coil is rapidly completed, the magnetic field of the electromagnetic coil is prevented from blocking the movement of the movable iron core 33, the movable iron core 33 can rapidly move and drive the pawl 2 to engage with the ratchet wheel 1, the gear P is conveniently and rapidly hung, and after the gear P is hung, the external power supply 6 stops supplying power to the electromagnetic switch valve assembly 3.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the electromagnetic switch valve assembly 3 further includes a first connection post 311 and a second connection post 312;
The first connecting column 311 and the second connecting column 312 penetrate through the electromagnetic valve housing 31;
A first end of the maintaining coil 321 and a first end of the attraction coil 322 are electrically connected to one end of the second connection post 312 located in the solenoid valve housing 31; one end of the second connection column 312, which is located outside the solenoid valve housing 31, is connected to an output end of the external power supply 6 through the second switch 310;
The second end of the attraction coil 322 is also connected with one end of the first connection post 311 located in the solenoid valve housing 31 through the first switch 39; one end of the first connection post 311, which is located outside the solenoid valve housing 31, is connected to an output terminal of the external power source 6. The first connection post 311 and the second connection post 312 are provided to facilitate the attraction coil 322 and the maintenance coil 321 to be connected to the external power supply 6.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the second end of the plunger 33 is provided with a groove 332;
A protrusion 361 is arranged at the first end of the static iron core 36, and when the electromagnetic coil is in an electrified state, the protrusion 361 stretches into the groove 332;
One end of the mounting hole is positioned on the protrusion 361;
the contact body 37 includes a guide post 371 and a stopper 372;
The guide post 371 is disposed through the mounting hole, and the stopper 372 can abut against a side of the stationary core 36 facing away from the movable core 33.
When the wall surface of the groove 332 in the moving direction of the movable iron core 33 is abutted against the surface of the protrusion 361 facing the groove 332, the movable iron core 33 is at the limit position of the P-shift withdrawal process, namely, the movable iron core 33 is at the limit position of moving towards the static iron core 36, and one end of the guide post 371 of the contact body 37 facing the movable iron core 33 is withdrawn into the mounting hole;
When the movable iron core 33 moves in a direction away from the fixed iron core 36, the contact body 37 returns under the action of the second return spring 38, and the limit part 372 abuts against one side of the fixed iron core 36, which is away from the movable iron core 33, so that the contact body 37 is limited to move towards the limit position of the movable iron core 33, and the structure is simple.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a gearbox, which comprises the parking mechanism in any embodiment.
In another aspect, the present invention further provides a vehicle, including the gearbox described in any one of the foregoing embodiments.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The parking mechanism comprises a ratchet wheel and a pawl, wherein the ratchet wheel is fixedly arranged on a transmission shaft in a gearbox, and the pawl is rotatably arranged on a shell of the gearbox;
The electromagnetic switch valve assembly comprises an electromagnetic valve shell, an electromagnetic coil, a movable iron core, a connecting rod and a first return spring;
the electromagnetic valve shell is fixed on the shell of the gearbox, and the electromagnetic coil is fixed in the electromagnetic valve shell; the movable iron core is movably arranged in the electromagnetic valve shell and is embedded in the electromagnetic coil;
the first end of the connecting rod is movably connected with the pawl, and the second end of the connecting rod is movably connected with the first end of the movable iron core;
When the electromagnetic coil is in the first state: the movable iron core can move under the electromagnetic force action of the electromagnetic coil and drive the first return spring to deform, and the connecting rod can drive the pawl to rotate to be separated from the ratchet wheel under the drive of the movable iron core;
When the electromagnetic coil is in the second state: the movable iron core can move under the action of the return force of the first return spring, and the connecting rod can drive the pawl to rotate to be abutted against the ratchet wheel under the drive of the movable iron core;
the pawl includes a pawl body and pawl teeth; the middle part of the pawl body is provided with a mounting part which is rotationally connected with the shell of the gearbox; the pawl teeth are arranged at the first end of the pawl body, the second end of the pawl body is rotationally connected with the first end of the connecting rod, and the second end of the connecting rod is rotationally connected with the movable iron core;
the pawl body is provided with a variable cross-section round hole, and the diameter of the variable cross-section round hole is gradually reduced from the middle to the two ends; the first end of the connecting rod is provided with a cylinder and a limiting table, the cylinder penetrates through the variable cross-section round hole, and the limiting table is positioned at one side of the pawl body, which is away from the movable iron core; the parking mechanism further comprises a positioning elastic piece; the positioning elastic piece is arranged between the pawl body and the movable iron core and is used for enabling the pawl body to be in abutting connection with the limiting table;
the first end of the movable iron core is provided with a connecting groove, and the inner surface of the connecting groove is a spherical surface; the second end of the connecting rod is provided with a ball which is rotationally connected with the connecting groove;
the electromagnetic switch valve assembly further comprises a static iron core, a contact body, a second return spring and a first switch; the static iron core is fixed in the electromagnetic valve shell, and the first end of the static iron core is opposite to the second end of the movable iron core; the static iron core is provided with a mounting hole, the contact body is arranged in the mounting hole in a sliding mode, the first end of the contact body is opposite to the second end of the movable iron core, and the second end of the contact body extends out of the second end of the static iron core; the second return spring is arranged between the second end of the contact body and the electromagnetic valve shell and is used for returning the contact body; the electromagnetic coil comprises a maintenance coil and an attraction coil, wherein the first end of the maintenance coil and the first end of the attraction coil are connected with an external power supply, and the second end of the maintenance coil and the second end of the attraction coil are grounded; the contact body can close the first switch under the pushing of the movable iron core; when the first switch is closed, the attraction coil is in a short circuit state.
2. The parking mechanism of claim 1, wherein the first end of the holding coil and the first end of the attraction coil are both connected to an output terminal of an external power supply through a second switch;
the second end of the maintaining coil is grounded, the second end of the attraction coil is connected with a grounded resistor, and the second end of the attraction coil is also connected with the output end of an external power supply through a first switch;
the winding directions of the suction coil and the maintenance coil are the same;
The first end of the maintaining coil is positioned at one end of the maintaining coil far away from the connecting rod, and the first end of the attraction coil is positioned at one end of the maintaining coil far away from the connecting rod;
Closing the second switch, and opening the first switch: the maintaining coil is connected with the attraction coil in parallel and can apply the same-direction electromagnetic force to the movable iron core;
Closing the second switch, when the first switch is closed: the attraction coil is short-circuited, and the maintenance coil can be electrified and maintain the position of the movable iron core;
Opening the second switch, and closing the first switch: the attraction coil and the maintenance coil are connected in series, and electromagnetic forces with the same magnitude and opposite directions can be applied to the movable iron core.
3. The park mechanism of claim 2, wherein the solenoid switch valve assembly further comprises a first connection post and a second connection post;
the first connecting column and the second connecting column penetrate through the electromagnetic valve housing;
The first end of the maintaining coil and the first end of the attraction coil are respectively and electrically connected to one end of the second connecting column, which is positioned in the electromagnetic valve housing; one end of the second connecting column, which is positioned outside the electromagnetic valve housing, is connected with the output end of an external power supply through a second switch;
The second end of the attraction coil is also connected with one end of the first connecting column, which is positioned in the electromagnetic valve shell, through a first switch; one end of the first connecting column, which is positioned outside the electromagnetic valve housing, is connected with the output end of an external power supply.
4. The parking mechanism of claim 1, wherein the second end of the plunger is provided with a recess;
A protrusion is arranged at the first end of the static iron core, and when the electromagnetic coil is in an electrified state, the protrusion stretches into the groove;
one end of the mounting hole is positioned on the bulge;
The contact body comprises a guide post and a limiting part;
the guide post is arranged in the mounting hole in a penetrating mode, and the limiting part can be abutted to one side, deviating from the movable iron core, of the static iron core.
5. A gearbox comprising a parking mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4.
6. A vehicle comprising the transmission of claim 5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110758873.9A CN115585266B (en) | 2021-07-05 | 2021-07-05 | Parking mechanism, gearbox and vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110758873.9A CN115585266B (en) | 2021-07-05 | 2021-07-05 | Parking mechanism, gearbox and vehicle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115585266A CN115585266A (en) | 2023-01-10 |
| CN115585266B true CN115585266B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110758873.9A Active CN115585266B (en) | 2021-07-05 | 2021-07-05 | Parking mechanism, gearbox and vehicle |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115585266B (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008128445A (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2008-06-05 | Aisin Aw Co Ltd | Parking device for automatic transmission |
| CN205101547U (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-03-23 | 科力远混合动力技术有限公司 | Plug -in hybrid gearbox parking mechanism |
-
2021
- 2021-07-05 CN CN202110758873.9A patent/CN115585266B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008128445A (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2008-06-05 | Aisin Aw Co Ltd | Parking device for automatic transmission |
| CN205101547U (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-03-23 | 科力远混合动力技术有限公司 | Plug -in hybrid gearbox parking mechanism |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115585266A (en) | 2023-01-10 |
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