CN115585266A - Parking mechanism, gearbox and vehicle - Google Patents
Parking mechanism, gearbox and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN115585266A CN115585266A CN202110758873.9A CN202110758873A CN115585266A CN 115585266 A CN115585266 A CN 115585266A CN 202110758873 A CN202110758873 A CN 202110758873A CN 115585266 A CN115585266 A CN 115585266A
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/34—Locking or disabling mechanisms
- F16H63/3416—Parking lock mechanisms or brakes in the transmission
- F16H63/3425—Parking lock mechanisms or brakes in the transmission characterised by pawls or wheels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a parking mechanism, a gearbox and a vehicle, comprising a ratchet wheel, a pawl and an electromagnetic switch valve assembly; the electromagnetic switch valve assembly comprises an electromagnetic valve shell, an electromagnetic coil, a movable iron core, a connecting rod and a first return spring; the electromagnetic valve shell is fixed on the shell of the gearbox, and the electromagnetic coil is fixed in the electromagnetic valve shell; the movable iron core is movably arranged in the electromagnetic valve shell and embedded in the electromagnetic coil; the first end of the connecting rod is movably connected with the pawl, and the second end of the connecting rod is movably connected with the first end of the movable iron core; when the electromagnetic coil is in a first state, the movable iron core moves under the action of electromagnetic force to drive the pawl to rotate to be separated from the ratchet wheel; when the electromagnetic coil is in a second state, the movable iron core moves under the action of the return force of the first return spring so as to drive the pawl to rotate to be tightly abutted against the ratchet wheel; the ratchet wheel and the pawl have no stress impact, can realize quick engagement of the pawl and the ratchet wheel and quick exit of the pawl from the ratchet wheel groove, and has low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of transmission, and particularly relates to a parking mechanism, a gearbox and a vehicle.
Background
At present, automobiles are developed to become indispensable transportation tools for people to go out, and a parking mechanism is one of very important mechanisms in automobile transmissions, which is related to whether the automobiles can be reliably parked for a long time. The conventional parking mechanism is a motor control type parking mechanism and a hydraulic control type parking mechanism; the hydraulic control type parking mechanism has large difference of gear engaging or gear releasing performance at low temperature, needs to be provided with a safety mechanism to prevent the hydraulic system from faults such as blockage, and has complex structure and higher cost; the motor control type parking mechanism is easy to cause gear shifting impact and high in cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the problem that the existing scheme is high in cost, the parking mechanism, the gearbox and the vehicle are provided.
In order to solve the technical problem, an embodiment of the invention provides a parking mechanism, which comprises a ratchet wheel, a pawl and an electromagnetic switch valve assembly, wherein the ratchet wheel is fixedly arranged on a transmission shaft in a gearbox, and the pawl is rotatably arranged on a shell of the gearbox;
the electromagnetic switch valve assembly comprises an electromagnetic valve shell, an electromagnetic coil, a movable iron core, a connecting rod and a first return spring;
the electromagnetic valve shell is fixed on the shell of the gearbox, and the electromagnetic coil is fixed in the electromagnetic valve shell; the movable iron core is movably arranged in the electromagnetic valve shell and is embedded in the electromagnetic coil;
the first end of the connecting rod is movably connected with the pawl, and the second end of the connecting rod is movably connected with the first end of the movable iron core;
when the solenoid is in a first state: the movable iron core can move under the action of the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic coil and drive the first return spring to deform, and the connecting rod can drive the pawl to rotate to be separated from the ratchet wheel under the driving of the movable iron core;
when the solenoid is in a second state: the movable iron core can move under the action of the return force of the first return spring, and the connecting rod can drive the pawl to rotate to be tightly abutted to the ratchet wheel under the driving of the movable iron core.
Optionally, the pawl comprises a pawl body and pawl teeth;
the middle part of the pawl body is provided with a mounting part, and the mounting part is rotationally connected with a shell of the gearbox;
the pawl tooth is arranged at the first end of the pawl body, the second end of the pawl body is rotatably connected with the first end of the connecting rod, and the second end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected with the movable iron core.
Optionally, a variable cross-section round hole is formed in the pawl body, and the diameter of the variable cross-section round hole is gradually reduced from the middle to the two ends;
a first end of the connecting rod is provided with a cylinder and a limiting table, the cylinder penetrates through the variable cross-section round hole, and the limiting table is positioned on one side of the pawl body, which is far away from the movable iron core;
the parking mechanism further comprises a positioning elastic piece; the positioning elastic piece is arranged between the pawl body and the movable iron core and used for enabling the pawl body to be kept in abutting joint with the limiting table.
Optionally, a connecting groove is formed at a first end of the movable iron core, and an inner surface of the connecting groove is a spherical surface;
the second end of connecting rod is equipped with the ball, the ball with the spread groove rotates to be connected.
Optionally, the electromagnetic switch valve assembly further comprises a static iron core, a contact piece body, a second return spring and a first switch;
the static iron core is fixed in the electromagnetic valve shell, and a first end of the static iron core is opposite to a second end of the movable iron core;
the static iron core is provided with a mounting hole, the contact body is slidably arranged in the mounting hole, a first end of the contact body is opposite to a second end of the movable iron core, and the second end of the contact body extends out of the second end of the static iron core;
the second return spring is arranged between the second end of the contact piece body and the electromagnetic valve shell and is used for returning the contact piece body;
the electromagnetic coil comprises a maintaining coil and an attracting coil, wherein the first end of the maintaining coil and the first end of the attracting coil are both connected with an external power supply, and the second end of the maintaining coil and the second end of the attracting coil are both grounded;
the contact body can close the first switch under the pushing of the movable iron core; when the first switch is closed, the attraction coil is in a short-circuit state.
Optionally, the first end of the holding coil and the first end of the attracting coil are both connected with the output end of an external power supply through a second switch;
the second end of the maintaining coil is grounded, the second end of the attracting coil is connected with a grounded resistor, and the second end of the attracting coil is also connected with the output end of an external power supply through a first switch;
the winding directions of the attraction coil and the maintaining coil are the same;
the first end of the maintaining coil is positioned at one end of the maintaining coil, which is far away from the connecting rod, and the first end of the attracting coil is positioned at one end of the maintaining coil, which is far away from the connecting rod;
closing the second switch, and opening the first switch: the maintaining coil is connected with the attraction coil in parallel and can apply equidirectional electromagnetic force to the movable iron core;
closing the second switch, while closing the first switch: the attraction coil is short-circuited, and the maintaining coil can be electrified and maintains the position of the movable iron core;
opening the second switch, and closing the first switch: the attraction coil and the maintaining coil are connected in series and can apply electromagnetic forces with the same magnitude and opposite directions to the movable iron core.
Optionally, the electromagnetic switch valve assembly further comprises a first connecting post and a second connecting post;
the first connecting column and the second connecting column are arranged on the electromagnetic valve shell in a penetrating mode;
the first end of the maintaining coil and the first end of the attracting coil are respectively and electrically connected to one end of the second connecting column, which is positioned in the electromagnetic valve shell; one end of the second connecting column, which is positioned outside the electromagnetic valve shell, is connected with the output end of an external power supply through a second switch;
the second end of the attraction coil is also connected with one end of the first connecting column, which is positioned in the electromagnetic valve shell, through a first switch; and one end of the first connecting column, which is positioned outside the electromagnetic valve shell, is connected with the output end of an external power supply.
Optionally, a groove is formed at the second end of the movable iron core;
a protrusion is arranged at the first end of the static iron core, and when the electromagnetic coil is in a power-on state, the protrusion extends into the groove;
one end of the mounting hole is positioned on the bulge;
the contact piece body comprises a guide post and a limiting part;
the guide post is arranged in the mounting hole in a penetrating mode, and the limiting portion can abut against one side, deviating from the movable iron core, of the static iron core.
In another aspect, the invention further provides a gearbox, which comprises the parking mechanism.
In another aspect, the invention further provides a vehicle comprising the gearbox.
Compared with the prior art, the parking mechanism, the gearbox and the vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention have the advantages that the electromagnetic switch valve assembly is used as the execution unit of the parking mechanism, when the electromagnetic coil is in the first state, the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic coil acts on the movable iron core, the movable iron core transmits force to the pawl through the connecting rod, so that the pawl is separated from the ratchet wheel, the rotation limitation on the transmission shaft is removed, the P gear is reversed, the first return spring is deformed and stores energy in the P gear reversing process, when the electromagnetic coil is in the second state, the first return spring releases elastic potential energy and applies return force to the movable iron core, the movable iron core transmits force to the pawl through the connecting rod, so that the pawl is abutted against the ratchet wheel, at the moment, if the pawl is opposite to the ratchet wheel teeth of the ratchet wheel, the pawl is clamped into the ratchet wheel groove opposite to the pawl after rotating along with the transmission shaft, if the pawl is opposite to the ratchet wheel groove, the pawl is directly clamped into the ratchet wheel groove, the P gear is hung, the structure is simple, the transmission is flexible and the high efficiency, no force impact is caused between the pawl and the pawl can be quickly engaged with the ratchet wheel without the safety design of a motor and redundancy, and the cost is low.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a parking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial view of the park mechanism shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a parking mechanism provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a current path diagram for the second switch of FIG. 3 when closed;
FIG. 5 is a current path diagram for the first switch and the second switch of FIG. 3 when closed;
fig. 6 is a current path diagram when the first switch of fig. 3 is closed.
The reference numerals in the specification are as follows:
1. a ratchet wheel; 11. ratchet teeth; 12. a ratchet groove;
2. a pawl; 21. a pawl body; 211. a variable cross-section circular hole; 22. pawl teeth; 23. an installation site;
3. an electromagnetic switch valve assembly; 31. a solenoid valve housing; 3101. a second positioning column;
321. a sustain coil; 322. an attraction coil;
33. a movable iron core; 331. connecting grooves; 332. a groove; 333. blocking edges;
34. a connecting rod; 341. a cylinder; 342. a limiting table; 343. a ball;
35. a first return spring;
36. a stationary iron core; 361. a protrusion;
37. a contact sheet body; 371. a guide post; 372. a limiting part; 373. a first positioning post;
38. a second return spring;
39. a first switch; 310. a second switch;
311. a first connecting column; 312. a second connecting column;
4. positioning the elastic member; 5. a resistance; 6. an external power source.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the parking mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a ratchet 1, a pawl 2 and an electromagnetic switch valve assembly 3;
the ratchet wheel 1 is fixedly arranged on a transmission shaft (such as an input shaft, a middle shaft or an output shaft in the gearbox) in the gearbox, and the pawl 2 is rotatably arranged on a shell of the gearbox; in the present application, the gearbox may also be referred to as a reduction gearbox;
the electromagnetic switch valve assembly 3 comprises an electromagnetic valve shell 31, an electromagnetic coil, a movable iron core 33, a connecting rod 34 and a first return spring 35;
the electromagnetic valve shell 31 is fixed on the shell of the gearbox, and the electromagnetic coil is fixed in the electromagnetic valve shell 31; the movable iron core 33 is movably arranged in the electromagnetic valve shell 31 and is embedded in the electromagnetic coil;
the first end of the connecting rod 34 is movably connected with the pawl 2, and the second end is movably connected with the first end of the movable iron core 33;
when the solenoid is in the first state: the movable iron core 33 can move under the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic coil and drive the first return spring 35 to deform, and the connecting rod 34 can drive the pawl 2 to rotate to be separated from the ratchet 1 under the driving of the movable iron core 33;
when the electromagnetic coil is in the second state: the movable iron core 33 can move under the action of the return force of the first return spring 35, and the connecting rod 34 can drive the pawl 2 to rotate to be tightly abutted to the ratchet 1 under the driving of the movable iron core 33.
Compared with the prior art, the parking mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention adopts the electromagnetic switch valve assembly 3 as an execution unit of the parking mechanism, when the electromagnetic coil is in the first state, the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic coil acts on the movable iron core 33, the movable iron core 33 transmits force to the pawl 2 through the connecting rod 34 to separate the pawl 2 from the ratchet 1, the rotation limitation on the transmission shaft is removed, the P shift is realized, the first return spring 35 deforms and stores energy in the P shift process, when the electromagnetic coil is in the second state, the first return spring 35 releases elastic potential energy and applies return force to the movable iron core 33, the movable iron core 33 transmits force to the pawl 2 through the connecting rod 34 to enable the pawl 2 to be abutted against the ratchet 1, at the moment, if the pawl 2 is opposite to the ratchet teeth 11 of the ratchet 1, after the ratchet 1 rotates along with the transmission shaft, the pawl 2 is clamped into the ratchet groove 12 opposite to the ratchet groove 12, if the pawl 2 is opposite to the ratchet groove 12, the P shift is directly clamped into the ratchet groove 12, the ratchet 1 and the ratchet 2 is free of impact between the ratchet 1 and the ratchet 2, the quick engagement and the quick release of the ratchet 2 and the low-redundancy design of the motor.
Specifically, when the electromagnetic coil is in the first state, the electromagnetic coil is continuously electrified, and when the electromagnetic coil is in the second state, the electromagnetic coil is powered off.
Alternatively, the electromagnetic coil comprises a first coil and a second coil;
when the solenoid is in the first state: the first coil and the second coil are continuously electrified, and electromagnetic force in the same direction is applied to the movable iron core 33;
when the electromagnetic coil is in the second state: the first coil and the second coil are firstly electrified, electromagnetic forces with the same magnitude and opposite directions are applied to the movable iron core 33, namely the resultant force of the electromagnetic coil acting on the movable iron core 33 is 0, the first coil and the second coil are powered off after the P gear is engaged, and the first return spring 35 keeps the position of the movable iron core. The two schemes can realize P-gear withdrawing and P-gear engaging through the control of the working state of the electromagnetic coil.
Specifically, the end face of the first end of the plunger 33 is exposed outside the solenoid valve housing 31, and the second end is located inside the solenoid valve housing 31.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the first end of the movable iron core 33 extends out of the electromagnetic valve housing 31, a rib 333 is disposed on the periphery of the first end of the movable iron core 33, the rib 333 is located outside the electromagnetic valve housing 31, the first return spring 35 is a compression spring sleeved outside the movable iron core 33, and two ends of the first return spring 35 respectively abut against the rib 333 and an end surface of the electromagnetic valve housing 31.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the pawl 2 includes a pawl body 21 and pawl teeth 22;
the middle part of the pawl body 21 is provided with an installation part 23, and the installation part 23 is rotationally connected with a shell of the gearbox;
the pawl tooth 22 is disposed at a first end of the pawl body 21 and is configured to engage with the ratchet groove 12, a second end of the pawl body 21 is rotatably connected to a first end of a connecting rod 34, and a second end of the connecting rod 34 is rotatably connected to the plunger 33. Simple structure and low cost.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the pawl body 21 is provided with a circular hole 211 with a variable cross section, and the diameter of the circular hole 211 with a variable cross section is gradually reduced from the middle to the two ends;
a cylinder 341 and a limit table 342 are arranged at the first end of the connecting rod 34, the cylinder 341 penetrates through the circular hole 211 with the variable cross section, and the limit table 342 is positioned at one side of the pawl body 21 away from the movable iron core 33;
the parking mechanism further comprises a positioning elastic piece 4; the positioning elastic member 4 is provided between the pawl body 21 and the plunger 33, and is used to maintain the pawl body 21 in contact with the stopper 342.
After assembly, the positioning elastic part 4 has a certain pre-compression amount, the pawl body 21 is enabled to abut against the limit table 342 through the pre-compression force provided by the positioning elastic part 4, and reliable transmission between the connecting rod 34 and the pawl 2 is guaranteed, compared with a structure that the connecting rod 34 and the pawl body 21 form a cylindrical pair, the structure enables the connecting rod to have a rotational degree of freedom in a plane which passes through an axial line of the circular hole 211 with a variable cross section and is perpendicular to a rotational center line of the pawl 2, in the rotating process of the pawl 2, the angle between the pawl 2 and the connecting rod 34 is variable, when the pawl teeth 22 are in contact with the ratchet teeth 11 when a P gear is hung, the rotation of the pawl 2 is blocked, the pawl teeth 22 cannot move further, but the movable iron core 33 can continue to move, the connecting rod 34 slides relative to the circular hole 211 with a variable cross section, the positioning elastic part 4 deforms and stores energy, when the ratchet 1 rotates to the ratchet groove 12 and the ratchet teeth 22 face each other, the positioning elastic potential energy is released by the positioning elastic part 4 and drives the pawl 2 to rotate, the ratchet teeth 22 are pressed into the ratchet teeth 22, and the ratchet teeth 22 are pressed into the ratchet groove 12, so that the ratchet 1 is locked, and the locking of the P gear is avoided.
The P-gear shifting and the P-gear shifting are smoother, clamping stagnation in the P-gear shifting and the P-gear shifting process is avoided, and the structure is simple.
In one embodiment, the first end of the movable iron core 33 is provided with a connecting slot 331, and the inner surface of the connecting slot 331 is a spherical surface; the second end of the connecting rod 34 is provided with a round ball 343, and the round ball 343 is rotatably connected with the connecting groove 331. The connecting rod 34 and the movable iron core 33 are guaranteed to have enough rotational freedom, the P-gear withdrawing and P-gear engaging processes are prevented from being blocked, and the structure is simple.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the electromagnetic switch valve assembly 3 further includes a stationary core 36, a contact body 37, a second return spring 38, and a first switch 39;
the static iron core 36 is fixed in the electromagnetic valve shell 31, and a first end of the static iron core 36 is opposite to a second end of the movable iron core 33;
the static iron core 36 is provided with a mounting hole, the contact piece body 37 is slidably arranged in the mounting hole, a first end of the contact piece body 37 is opposite to a second end of the movable iron core 33, and a second end of the contact piece body 37 extends out of a second end of the static iron core 36;
the second return spring 38 is disposed between the second end of the contact piece body 37 and the solenoid valve housing 31, and is used for returning the contact piece body 37;
the electromagnetic coil comprises a maintaining coil 321 and an attracting coil 322, wherein the first end of the maintaining coil 321 and the first end of the attracting coil 322 are both connected with the external power supply 6, and the second end of the maintaining coil 321 and the second end of the attracting coil 322 are both grounded;
the contact body 37 can close the first switch 39 under the pushing of the movable iron core 33; when the first switch 39 is closed, the attraction coil 322 is in a short-circuited state.
When the P-gear is required to be withdrawn, the maintaining coil 321 and the attraction coil 322 are simultaneously electrified (as shown in fig. 4), and electromagnetic force in the same direction is generated on the movable iron core 33, the movable iron core 33 transmits force to the pawl 2 through the connecting rod 34, so that the pawl 2 is separated from the ratchet 1, the rotation limitation on the transmission shaft is removed, meanwhile, the movable iron core 33 can also push the contact sheet body 37 to close the first switch 39, so that the attraction coil 322 is short-circuited (as shown in fig. 5), the second return spring 38 stores energy, only current passes through the maintaining coil 321, and the position of the movable iron core 33 is maintained through the maintaining coil 321, so that the pawl 2 is maintained to be separated from the ratchet 1, and the P-gear is withdrawn; when the P gear is withdrawn, the maintaining coil 321 and the attracting coil 322 apply force to the movable iron core 33 at the same time, so that the separation of the pawl 2 and the ratchet 1 can be completed quickly, after the pawl 2 is separated from the ratchet 1, the attracting coil 322 is in short circuit, and current passes through the maintaining coil 321, so that the position of the movable iron core 33 is maintained, the state of separating the pawl 2 from the ratchet 1 is maintained, the reliability of P gear withdrawal is ensured, and the purpose of energy conservation is achieved.
When the gear P needs to be engaged, power supply to the maintaining coil 321 and the attracting coil 322 can be stopped, the elastic force of the first return spring 35 is transmitted to the pawl 2 through the movable iron core 33 and the pull rod, the pawl 2 is directly clamped into the ratchet groove 12 opposite to the pawl 2 and can be firstly abutted against the ratchet teeth 11, after the ratchet 1 rotates, the pawl is clamped into the ratchet groove 12 opposite to the pawl, the gear P is engaged, meanwhile, the contact piece body 37 returns under the action of the return force of the second return spring 38, and the first switch 39 is switched off.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, a first positioning post 373 is disposed at a second end of the contact piece 37, a second positioning post 3101 is disposed on the solenoid valve housing 31, the second return spring 38 is a compression spring, and two ends of the second return spring 38 are respectively sleeved on the first positioning post 373 and the second positioning post 3101, so that the structure is simple and easy to assemble and disassemble.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the first end of the hold-in coil 321 and the first end of the pull-in coil 322 are both connected to the output end of the external power source 6 through the second switch 310; the second switch 310 may be a part of the electromagnetic switch valve assembly 3, or may be an external structure connected to the output terminal of the external power source 6, for connecting the first end of the holding coil 321 and the output terminal of the external power source 6, and for connecting the first end of the attracting coil 322 and the output terminal of the external power source 6;
the second end of the holding coil 321 is grounded, the second end of the attracting coil 322 is connected with the grounded resistor 5, and the second end of the attracting coil 322 is also connected with the output end of the external power supply 6 through the first switch 39;
the attraction coil 322 and the hold coil 321 are wound in the same direction;
the first end of the holding coil 321 is located at one end of the holding coil 321 far away from the connecting rod 34, and the first end of the attracting coil 322 is located at one end of the holding coil 321 far away from the connecting rod 34;
as shown in fig. 3 and 4, closing the second switch 310, and opening the first switch 39: the holding coil 321 is connected in parallel with the attracting coil 322 and can apply the same-direction electromagnetic force to the movable iron core 33;
as shown in fig. 3 and 5, closing the second switch 310, and closing the first switch 39: the attraction coil 322 is short-circuited, and the position of the plunger 33 can be maintained while the maintaining coil 321 is energized;
as shown in fig. 3 and 6, when the second switch 310 is opened and the first switch 39 is closed: the attraction coil 322 and the hold coil 321 are connected in series, and can apply electromagnetic forces of the same magnitude and opposite directions to the movable core 33.
When the P gear needs to be shifted back, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the second switch 310 is closed, the current output by the external power source 6 passes through the second switch 310 first and then is divided into two paths, one path flows through the maintaining coil 321, the other path flows through the attracting coil 322, that is, the maintaining coil 321 is connected in parallel with the attracting coil 322, the maintaining coil 321 and the attracting coil 322 generate electromagnetic force in the same direction to the moving iron core 33, the magnetic field passes through the coils to form a magnetic circuit, the electromagnetic force overcomes the elastic force of the first return spring 35 to move the moving iron core 33, the deformation amount of the first return spring 35 increases as the moving iron core 33 moves, the connecting rod 34 moves along with the moving iron core 33, the pawl 2 rotates relative to the shell of the gearbox, the pawl 2 disengages from the ratchet groove 12, the rotational freedom of the ratchet 1 is released, the rotational limitation on the rotation of the transmission shaft is removed, and the P gear shifting back is completed;
the movable iron core 33 further moves, the movable iron core 33 contacts the contact piece body 37 and drives the contact piece body 37 to move together, the direct contact piece body 37 closes the first switch 39, and the attraction coil 322 is short-circuited; as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the current output by the external power source 6 is divided into two paths, one path flows through the second switch 310 and the holding coil 321, the other path flows through the first switch 39 and the resistor 5, and the electromagnetic force applied to the plunger 33 by the holding coil 321 maintains the position of the plunger 33, so that the pawl 2 is maintained to be separated from the ratchet 1, and the first switch 39 is maintained to be in a closed state;
when the P-gear is required to be engaged, as shown in fig. 3 and 6, the second switch 310 is turned on, and the current output by the external power supply 6 sequentially flows through the first switch 39, the attraction coil 322 and the maintenance coil 321, that is, the maintenance coil 321 and the attraction coil 322 are connected in series, so that demagnetization of the electromagnetic coil is rapidly completed, the magnetic field of the electromagnetic coil is prevented from blocking the movement of the movable iron core 33, the movable iron core 33 is enabled to move more rapidly and drive the pawl 2 to be engaged with the ratchet 1, the P-gear is rapidly engaged, and after the P-gear is completed, the external power supply 6 stops supplying power to the electromagnetic switch valve assembly 3.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the electromagnetic switch valve assembly 3 further includes a first connecting post 311 and a second connecting post 312;
the first connecting column 311 and the second connecting column 312 penetrate through the solenoid valve housing 31;
a first end of the holding coil 321 and a first end of the attracting coil 322 are electrically connected to one end of the second connecting column 312 in the solenoid valve housing 31, respectively; one end of the second connecting column 312, which is positioned outside the solenoid valve shell 31, is connected with the output end of the external power supply 6 through the second switch 310;
the second end of the attraction coil 322 is also connected to one end of the first connection post 311 located in the solenoid valve housing 31 through the first switch 39; one end of the first connecting post 311, which is located outside the solenoid valve housing 31, is connected to an output terminal of the external power supply 6. The first connection pole 311 and the second connection pole 312 are provided to facilitate the attraction coil 322 and the hold-up coil 321 to be connected to the external power source 6.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the second end of the plunger 33 is provided with a groove 332;
a protrusion 361 is arranged at the first end of the static iron core 36, and when the electromagnetic coil is in a power-on state, the protrusion 361 extends into the groove 332;
one end of the mounting hole is positioned on the protrusion 361;
the contact body 37 comprises a guide post 371 and a limiting part 372;
the guide post 371 passes through the mounting hole, and the limiting portion 372 can abut against one side of the static iron core 36 departing from the movable iron core 33.
When the wall surface of the groove 332 in the moving direction of the movable iron core 33 abuts against the surface of the protrusion 361 facing the groove 332, the movable iron core 33 is at the limit position of the P-gear reversing process, that is, the movable iron core 33 is at the limit position moving towards the stationary iron core 36, and one end of the guide post 371 of the contact piece body 37 facing the movable iron core 33 retracts into the mounting hole;
when the movable iron core 33 moves towards the direction away from the static iron core 36, the contact piece body 37 returns under the action of the second return spring 38, and the limit position of the contact piece body 37 moving towards the movable iron core 33 is limited by one side of the limit part 372 abutting against the static iron core 36 and deviating from the movable iron core 33, so that the structure is simple.
In another aspect, the invention further provides a gearbox, which comprises the parking mechanism mentioned in any one of the embodiments.
In another aspect, the invention further provides a vehicle, which comprises the gearbox mentioned in any one of the above embodiments.
The above description is intended to be illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, but rather, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A parking mechanism comprises a ratchet wheel and a pawl, wherein the ratchet wheel is fixedly arranged on a transmission shaft in a gearbox, and the pawl is rotatably arranged on a shell of the gearbox;
the electromagnetic switch valve assembly comprises an electromagnetic valve shell, an electromagnetic coil, a movable iron core, a connecting rod and a first return spring;
the electromagnetic valve shell is fixed on the shell of the gearbox, and the electromagnetic coil is fixed in the electromagnetic valve shell; the movable iron core is movably arranged in the electromagnetic valve shell and is embedded in the electromagnetic coil;
the first end of the connecting rod is movably connected with the pawl, and the second end of the connecting rod is movably connected with the first end of the movable iron core;
when the solenoid is in a first state: the movable iron core can move under the action of the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic coil and drive the first return spring to deform, and the connecting rod can drive the pawl to rotate to be separated from the ratchet wheel under the driving of the movable iron core;
when the solenoid is in a second state: the movable iron core can move under the action of the return force of the first return spring, and the connecting rod can drive the pawl to rotate to be tightly abutted to the ratchet wheel under the driving of the movable iron core.
2. The park mechanism of claim 1, wherein the pawl includes a pawl body and pawl teeth;
the middle part of the pawl body is provided with an installation part, and the installation part is rotationally connected with a shell of the gearbox;
the pawl tooth is arranged at the first end of the pawl body, the second end of the pawl body is rotatably connected with the first end of the connecting rod, and the second end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected with the movable iron core.
3. The parking mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the pawl body is provided with a variable cross-section round hole, and the diameter of the variable cross-section round hole is gradually reduced from the middle to the two ends;
a first end of the connecting rod is provided with a cylinder and a limiting table, the cylinder penetrates through the variable cross-section round hole, and the limiting table is positioned on one side of the pawl body, which is far away from the movable iron core;
the parking mechanism further comprises a positioning elastic piece; the positioning elastic piece is arranged between the pawl body and the movable iron core and used for enabling the pawl body to be kept in abutting joint with the limiting table.
4. The parking mechanism according to claim 3, wherein the first end of the movable iron core is provided with a connecting groove, and the inner surface of the connecting groove is spherical;
the second end of connecting rod is equipped with the ball, the ball with the spread groove is rotated and is connected.
5. The parking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the electromagnetic switch valve assembly further comprises a stationary core, a contact piece body, a second return spring, and a first switch;
the static iron core is fixed in the electromagnetic valve shell, and a first end of the static iron core is opposite to a second end of the movable iron core;
the static iron core is provided with a mounting hole, the contact body is slidably arranged in the mounting hole, a first end of the contact body is opposite to a second end of the movable iron core, and the second end of the contact body extends out of the second end of the static iron core;
the second return spring is arranged between the second end of the contact piece body and the electromagnetic valve shell and is used for returning the contact piece body;
the electromagnetic coil comprises a maintaining coil and an attracting coil, wherein the first end of the maintaining coil and the first end of the attracting coil are both connected with an external power supply, and the second end of the maintaining coil and the second end of the attracting coil are both grounded;
the contact body can close the first switch under the pushing of the movable iron core; when the first switch is closed, the attraction coil is in a short-circuit state.
6. The parking mechanism according to claim 5, wherein a first end of the holding coil and a first end of the attracting coil are both connected to an output terminal of an external power supply through a second switch;
the second end of the maintaining coil is grounded, the second end of the attracting coil is connected with a grounded resistor, and the second end of the attracting coil is also connected with the output end of an external power supply through a first switch;
the winding directions of the attraction coil and the maintaining coil are the same;
the first end of the maintaining coil is positioned at one end of the maintaining coil, which is far away from the connecting rod, and the first end of the attracting coil is positioned at one end of the maintaining coil, which is far away from the connecting rod;
closing the second switch, and opening the first switch: the maintaining coil is connected with the attraction coil in parallel and can apply equidirectional electromagnetic force to the movable iron core;
closing the second switch, while closing the first switch: the attraction coil is short-circuited, and the maintaining coil can be electrified and maintains the position of the movable iron core;
opening the second switch, and closing the first switch: the attraction coil and the maintaining coil are connected in series and can apply electromagnetic forces with the same magnitude and opposite directions to the movable iron core.
7. The park mechanism according to claim 6, wherein the solenoid switch valve assembly further includes a first connecting post and a second connecting post;
the first connecting column and the second connecting column are arranged on the electromagnetic valve shell in a penetrating mode;
the first end of the maintaining coil and the first end of the attracting coil are respectively and electrically connected to one end of the second connecting column, which is positioned in the electromagnetic valve shell; one end of the second connecting column, which is positioned outside the electromagnetic valve shell, is connected with the output end of an external power supply through a second switch;
the second end of the attraction coil is also connected with one end of the first connecting column, which is positioned in the electromagnetic valve shell, through a first switch; and one end of the first connecting column, which is positioned outside the electromagnetic valve shell, is connected with the output end of an external power supply.
8. The parking mechanism of claim 5 wherein the second end of the plunger is provided with a recess;
a protrusion is arranged at the first end of the static iron core, and when the electromagnetic coil is in a power-on state, the protrusion extends into the groove;
one end of the mounting hole is positioned on the bulge;
the contact piece body comprises a guide post and a limiting part;
the guide post is arranged in the mounting hole in a penetrating mode, and the limiting portion can abut against one side, departing from the movable iron core, of the static iron core.
9. A gearbox comprising a parking mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A vehicle comprising a gearbox according to claim 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110758873.9A CN115585266B (en) | 2021-07-05 | 2021-07-05 | Parking mechanism, gearbox and vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110758873.9A CN115585266B (en) | 2021-07-05 | 2021-07-05 | Parking mechanism, gearbox and vehicle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115585266A true CN115585266A (en) | 2023-01-10 |
| CN115585266B CN115585266B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110758873.9A Active CN115585266B (en) | 2021-07-05 | 2021-07-05 | Parking mechanism, gearbox and vehicle |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115585266B (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008128445A (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2008-06-05 | Aisin Aw Co Ltd | Parking device for automatic transmission |
| CN205101547U (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-03-23 | 科力远混合动力技术有限公司 | Plug -in hybrid gearbox parking mechanism |
-
2021
- 2021-07-05 CN CN202110758873.9A patent/CN115585266B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008128445A (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2008-06-05 | Aisin Aw Co Ltd | Parking device for automatic transmission |
| CN205101547U (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-03-23 | 科力远混合动力技术有限公司 | Plug -in hybrid gearbox parking mechanism |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115585266B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
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